U.S. – Structured Finance January 28, 2015 Rating Report RMBS Report Date: January 28, 2015 Analysts Corina Gonzalez Vice President +1 212 806 3926 [email protected] Lu Ye Financial Analyst +1 212 806 3281 [email protected] Quincy Tang Managing Director +1 212 806 3256 [email protected] Stephanie Whited Senior Vice President +1 212 806 3948 [email protected] CSMC Trust 2015-WIN1 Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, Series 2015-WIN1 Ratings Debt1 Class Balance ($) Interest Rate2 Credit Enhancement Rating Class A-X-13 352,403,000 Net WAC minus 3.50% N/A AAA (sf) Class A-1 50,000,000 Lesser of Net WAC and 3.50% 7.65% AAA (sf) Class A-24 208,014,000 Lesser of Net WAC and 3.00% 15.30% AAA (sf) Class A-34 69,338,000 Lesser of Net WAC and 3.00% 15.30% AAA (sf) Class A-4 25,051,000 Lesser of Net WAC and 3.00% 7.65% AAA (sf) Class A-X-23 208,014,000 N/A AAA (sf) Class A-X-33 69,338,000 N/A AAA (sf) Class A-X-43 25,051,000 N/A AAA (sf) Class A-55 302,403,000 Lesser of Net WAC and 3.00% 7.65% AAA (sf) Class A-65 302,403,000 Lesser of Net WAC and 3.50% 7.65% AAA (sf) Class A-74,5 277,352,000 Lesser of Net WAC and 3.00% 15.30% AAA (sf) Class A-84,5 277,352,000 Lesser of Net WAC and 3.50% 15.30% AAA (sf) Class A-94,5 208,014,000 Lesser of Net WAC and 3.50% 15.30% AAA (sf) Class A-104,5 69,338,000 Lesser of Net WAC and 3.50% 15.30% AAA (sf) Class A-115 25,051,000 Lesser of Net WAC and 3.50% 7.65% AAA (sf) Class A-X-53,5 302,403,000 N/A AAA (sf) Class A-X-63,5 277,352,000 N/A AAA (sf) Class A-X-73,5 94,389,000 N/A AAA (sf) Class B-1 5,533,000 Net WAC 6.20% AA (sf) Class B-2 6,296,000 Net WAC 4.55% A (sf) Class B-3 4,198,000 Net WAC 3.45% BBB (sf) Class B-4 7,250,000 Net WAC 1.55% BB (sf) Class B-5 5,915,525 Net WAC N/A NR 1 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS (Lesser of Net WAC and 3.50%) minus (Lesser of Net WAC and 3.00%) (Lesser of Net WAC and 3.50%) minus (Lesser of Net WAC and 3.00%) (Lesser of Net WAC and 3.50%) minus (Lesser of Net WAC and 3.00%) (Lesser of Net WAC and 3.50%) minus (Lesser of Net WAC and 3.00%) (Lesser of Net WAC and 3.50%) minus (Lesser of Net WAC and 3.00%) (Lesser of Net WAC and 3.50%) minus (Lesser of Net WAC and 3.00%) Rating Action Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized Provisional Rating – Finalized N/A CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Notes: 1. This table does not include the Class A-IO-S, Class A-PP and Class R Certificates, which are entitled to the excess servicing fee, premium protection payments and the residual interest, respectively, and are not publicly rated by DBRS. 2. All interest rates are floored at 0%. 3. Interest-only certificates. The class balances represent notional amounts. 4. Super senior certificates. These classes benefit from additional protection from the senior support certificates (i.e., Class A-4 and Class A-11) with respect to loss allocation. 5. Exchangeable certificates. These classes can be exchanged for combinations of initial exchangeable certificates as specified in the offering documents. Table of Contents Ratings 1 Transaction Summary Strengths Challenges and Mitigating Factors Transaction Parties and Relevant Dates Rating Rationale Credit Analysis Details Collateral Description and Comparison Key Probability of Default Drivers Key Loss Severity Drivers Other Considerations Aggregators, Originators and Historical Performance Aggregator: DLJ Mortgage Capital, Inc. Originators Servicers and Master Servicer Servicers 3 3 4 5 6 6 6 8 10 11 2 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS 12 12 15 17 17 Master Servicer and Securities Administrator Master Servicer Securities Administrator Transaction Structure Transaction Diagram Cash Flow Structure and Features Cash Flow Analysis Rating Category Analysis Third-Party Due Diligence Representations and Warranties Enforcement Mechanism DLJMC Backstop New Penn Guarantor DBRS Viewpoint Rule 17g-7 Report Methodologies Applied Monitoring and Surveillance 19 19 20 20 20 21 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 26 27 27 27 CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Transaction Summary DBRS, Inc. (DBRS) has finalized provisional ratings on CSMC Trust 2015-WIN1 (CSMC 2015-WIN1 or the Trust), a securitization of a portfolio of prime residential mortgages funded by the issuance of mortgage pass-through certificates. The certificates are backed by 525 loans with a total principal balance of $381,595,526 as of the Cut-Off Date.1 The mortgage loans were acquired by DLJ Mortgage Capital, Inc. (DLJMC). The originators for the mortgage pool are New Penn Financial, LLC (New Penn, 20.2%), Quicken Loans Inc. (Quicken, 19.3%), Caliber Home Loans, Inc. (Caliber, 7.6%) and various other originators, each comprising less than 5.0%. The loans will be serviced by Select Portfolio Servicing, Inc. (SPS, 68.8%), New Penn doing business as Shellpoint Mortgage Servicing (SMS, 20.2%), Fifth Third Mortgage Company (4.8%), PHH Mortgage Corporation (PHH, 3.7%), First Republic Bank (First Republic, 1.5%) and EverBank (0.9%). Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. (Wells Fargo) will act as the Master Servicer and Securities Administrator. Deutsche Bank National Trust Company will act as Custodian. The transaction employs a senior-subordinate shifting-interest cash flow structure that is enhanced from a pre-crisis structure. Strengths (1) High-Quality Credit Attributes: This transaction exhibits high-quality credit attributes such as low loan-to-value (LTV) ratios, strong borrower credit and full documentation on substantially all loans. In addition, the pool contains no interest-only (IO) loans. (2) Well-Qualified Borrowers: The mortgage loans in the transaction were generally originated to high-income borrowers with significant reserves on average, primarily through retail channels. The loans that are subject to the Qualified Mortgage (QM) and Ability-to-Repay (ATR) rules are categorized as QM Safe Harbor. (3) Satisfactory Third-Party Diligence Review: Third-party due diligence firms conducted property valuation, credit and compliance reviews on 100% of the loans in the pool. Data integrity checks were also performed on the pool. (4) Structural Enhancements: Compared with a pre-crisis shifting-interest structure, this transaction employs several structural enhancements: A subordination floor is present to address tail risk and retain credit support. In the event of a servicer loan modification, the reimbursement of servicing advances would be reduced only from the principal distribution amount in reverse order of priority. The advance reimbursements may not result in reductions in interest distribution payments. (5) 100% Current Loans: All loans are current as of the Cut-Off Date. Except for 22 loans that had previous servicing transfer-related payment disruptions, no loan has had prior delinquencies in the past 12 months. 1. The collateral description and disclosure on the mortgage loans in this report reflect the approximate aggregate characteristics as of the Cut-Off Date. 3 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Challenges and Mitigating Factors (1) Entities with Weak Financials or Limited Securitization History: Some of the originators in the transaction may have limited history in prime jumbo securitizations and/or may potentially experience financial stress that could result in the inability to fulfill repurchase obligations as a result of breaches of representations and warranties. DBRS notes the following mitigating factors: The mortgage loans (except for First Republic-originated loans) benefit from representations and warranties backstopped by DLJMC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Credit Suisse (USA), Inc. (Credit Suisse), in the event of an originator’s bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding and if the originator fails to cure, repurchase or substitute loans for such breach. The backstop is, however, subject to certain sunset provisions described further in this report. The loans in this transaction were aggregated by DLJMC. The performance of the recent DLJMC prime jumbo securitizations, though limited in history, has been satisfactory to date. Third-party due diligence was conducted on 100% of the loans included in the pool. A comprehensive due diligence review mitigates the risk of future representations and warranties violations. DBRS adjusted the originator scores downward for certain originators (i.e., originators for whom DBRS has not performed or has not recently performed an operational risk assessment as set forth in DBRS’s rating methodology) to account for the potential inability to fulfill repurchase obligations or because of their lack of performance history. A lower originator score results in increased default and loss assumptions, providing additional cushions for the rated securities. (2) Representations and Warranties Standard: Although the originators do provide traditional lifetime representations and warranties to the Trust, the backstop provided by DLJMC includes sunset provisions on two individual representations and warranties with respect to underwriting and fraud. Some mitigating factors include the following: Excluding the sunset provisions of the DLJMC backstop on underwriting and fraud, the representations and warranties standard for this transaction has many positive features: (a) Lifetime originator representations and warranties. (b) Automatic breach review by an independent reviewer on any seriously delinquent loan. (c) Disputes related to breaches may be ultimately settled by arbitration proceedings. (d) Sunset provisions for the backstop give consideration to prior loan performance. Third-party due diligence was conducted on 100% of the pool, diminishing the risk of future representations and warranties violations. DBRS assigned additional penalties and adjusted certain loan attributes based on third-party due diligence results to provide added cushion in its expected losses analysis. (3) Certain Servicers’ Financial Capability: Although operationally sound, certain servicers may face financial difficulties in fulfilling their servicing advance obligations in the future. Consequently, the transaction employs Wells Fargo as the Master Servicer. Wells Fargo is rated AA (high) by DBRS. If a servicer fails its obligation to make advances, Wells Fargo will be obligated to fund such principal and interest servicing advances. The above strengths and challenges, along with other transaction details, are discussed in depth in the relevant sections of this report. 4 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Transaction Parties and Relevant Dates Transaction Parties Type Issuing Entity Sponsor and Seller Depositor Originators Servicers Master Servicer and Securities Administrator Trustee Custodian New Penn Guarantor Relevant Dates Type Cut-Off Date Closing Date Payment Date Final Scheduled Distribution Date 5 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS Name CSMC Trust 2015-WIN1 DLJ Mortgage Capital, Inc. Credit Suisse First Boston Mortgage Securities Corp. New Penn Financial, LLC – 20.2% Quicken Loans, Inc. – 19.3% Caliber Home Loans, Inc. – 7.6% Other Originators – 52.8% Select Portfolio Servicing, Inc. – 68.8% Shellpoint Mortgage Servicing – 20.2% Fifth Third Mortgage Company – 4.8% PHH Mortgage Corporation – 3.7% First Republic Bank – 1.5% EverBank – 0.9% Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Christiana Trust, a division of Wilmington Savings Fund Society, FSB Deutsche Bank National Trust Company Shellpoint Partners LLC Date January 1, 2015 January 28, 2015 The 25th of each month or the next succeeding business day, commencing in February 2015. The payment date in December 2044. CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Rating Rationale The DBRS, Inc. (DBRS) rating of the certificates addresses the timely payment of interest and full payment of principal (excluding IO classes) by the legal final maturity date in accordance with the terms and conditions of the certificates. DBRS based the rating primarily on the following: The transaction's capital structure and the form and sufficiency of available credit enhancement. Relevant credit enhancement in the form of subordination. Credit enhancement levels are sufficient to support DBRS-projected expected cumulative loss assumptions under various stressed cash flow assumptions for the rated classes. The ability of the transaction to withstand stressed cash flow assumptions and repay investors according to the terms of the transaction documents. The originators’ and servicers’ capabilities with respect to originations, underwriting, servicing and financial strength. The credit quality of the collateral and ability of the servicers to perform collection activities on the collateral pool. The legal structure and presence of legal opinions addressing the assignment of the assets to the Issuer and consistency with the DBRS Legal Criteria for U.S. Structured Finance. DBRS’s ratings do not address the likelihood that there may be interest shortfalls as a result of the occurrence of extraordinary trust expenses in any given month. Credit Analysis Details Collateral Description and Comparison The table below highlights the key collateral characteristics, expected losses and performance to date for recent DBRS-rated prime jumbo transactions issued under the CSMC shelf. Collateral Comparison (at Closing) 2 Number of Loans Outstanding Pool Balance Original Pool Balance CSMC 2015-WIN1 525 CSMC 2014-WIN2 511 CSMC 2014-WIN1 561 CSMC 2014-IVR3 526 CSMC 2014-IVR2 364 CSMC 2014-SAF1 413 $381,595,526 $371,446,783 $404,621,027 $363,625,272 $271,727,984 $297,364,274 $383,816,557 $373,681,435 $410,813,783 $367,263,786 $275,112,236 $300,740,561 Average Loan Balance $726,849 $726,902 $721,250 $691,303 $746,505 $720,010 4.170% 4.304% 4.232% 4.558% 4.347% 4.649% 766 769 768 768 767 764 WA Original CLTV 71.4% 73.2% 71.4% 72.3% 70.4% 71.5% WA DTI Ratio 33.2% 32.9% 32.1% 32.6% 32.2% 33.4% Pool Attributes WA Coupon WA FICO WA Seasoning 4 months 4 months 4 months 4 months 8 months 5 months Piggyback Seconds 2.2% 3.7% 4.0% 6.4% 6.4% 7.4% Interest Only 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 2.7% 0.0% 4.1% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 63.0% 54.9% 63.5% 69.9% 61.7% 26.5% 5.1% 10.7% 9.1% 5.1% 10.2% 17.1% Fixed Rate Origination Channel Retail Correspondent 2. All characteristics regarding the collateral in this table or in this report reflect the attributes that DBRS used in its credit analysis as of the Cut-Off Date and may not conform to the disclosure in the transaction documents. Certain attributes, including FICO, LTV and documentation types, have been adjusted based on the DBRS review of the third-party due diligence results, Case-Shiller and other relevant assessments, as described further in the related sections. 6 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 CSMC 2015-WIN1 32.0% CSMC 2014-WIN2 34.4% CSMC 2014-WIN1 27.4% CSMC 2014-IVR3 25.1% CSMC 2014-IVR2 28.1% CSMC 2014-SAF1 56.4% 94.7% 95.8% 94.8% 90.5% 96.4% 93.7% 5.2% 4.2% 5.2% 5.8% 3.6% 5.5% 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% 3.7% 0.0% 0.8% Purchase 65.7% 68.6% 59.3% 55.2% 38.4% 49.3% Rate/Term Refinance 29.3% 25.6% 33.3% 38.6% 54.3% 40.7% 5.0% 5.8% 7.4% 6.2% 7.3% 9.9% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 99.0% 99.9% 99.7% 98.8% 98.3% 98.0% 93.3% 92.4% 92.2% 91.2% 97.0% 95.0% 1.3% 2.6% 1.8% 2.4% 0.4% 2.5% 5.4% 5.0% 6.0% 6.4% 2.6% 2.4% 99.2% 98.1% 77.1% 56.2% 1.2% N/A 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% N/A 0.8% 1.9% 22.9% 43.8% 98.8% 100.0% 49.4% (CA) 49.8% (CA) 45.7% (CA) 48.3% (CA) 49.6% (CA) 47.7% (CA) Pool Attributes Broker Occupancy Primary Residence Second Homes Investor-Owned Loan Purpose Cash-Out Refinance Documentation Type Issuer-Defined Full Documentation DBRS-Defined Full Documentation3 Property Type Single Family (incl. PUD & TH) 2-to-4 Family Condo and Co-Op Qualified Mortgage Designation QM Safe Harbor QM Rebuttable Presumption Non-QM Not Subject to QM Geographic Concentration State 1 State 2 5.7% (FL) 3.9% (FL) 7.5% (FL) 7.4% (FL) 4.1% (AZ) 5.8% (FL) State 3 4.3% (MA) 3.7% (VA) 4.1% (TX) 5.5% (TX) 3.8% (NY) 5.5% (NY) 20.2% (New Penn) 19.3% (Quicken) 7.6% (Fifth Third) 22.5% (New Penn) 18.8% (Quicken) 11.6% (Fifth Third) 23.1% (New Penn) 20.3% (EverBank) 19.8% (Quicken) 33.2% (Quicken) 13.1% (Fifth Third) 25.5% (New Penn) 20.4% (Prospect) 15.5% (Quicken) 76.0% (New Penn) 24.0% (Other Originators) Servicer 1 68.8% (SPS) 52.9% (SPS) 52.3% (SPS) 69.0% (SPS) 89.3% (SPS) 74.2% (Resurgent) Servicer 2 20.2% (SMS) 22.5% (SMS) 22.9% (SMS) 13.1% (Fifth Third) 8.7% (Resurgent) 25.0% (SPS) Servicer 3 4.8% (Caliber) 11.6% (Fifth Third) 20.3% (EverBank) 10.7% (FRB) 2.0% (PHH) 0.5% (PHH) Originators (Top 3) Originator 1 Originator 2 Originator 3 10.7% (FRB) N/A Servicers (Top 3) Loss Expectation at Closing AAA (sf) 6.70% 6.65% 5.85% 7.10% 6.25% 7.90% B (sf) 0.55% 0.55% 0.50% 0.60% 0.55% 0.70% 99.8% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 99.7% Performance (as of December 26, 2014) Current N/A 3. Certain documentation types have been adjusted based on DBRS’s review of the third-party due diligence results. 7 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Pool Attributes CSMC 2015-WIN1 CSMC 2014-WIN2 CSMC 2014-WIN1 CSMC 2014-IVR3 CSMC 2014-IVR2 CSMC 2014-SAF1 N/A 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 30-Day Delinquent 60+-Day Delinquent 4 N/A 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% Senior Original CE 7.65% 8.00% 7.65% 8.00% 7.20% 8.85% Senior Current CE N/A 8.12% 8.24% 9.80% 8.18% 10.35% DBRS uses its proprietary RMBS Insight model to derive probability of defaults, loss severities and expected losses for the CSMC 2015-WIN1 portfolio. The figures below represent the probability of defaults, loss severities and expected losses on the portfolio, generally rounded up from the raw model results. DBRS Default Probability, Loss Severity and Expected Loss for CSMC 2015-WIN1 Rating Probability of Default Loss Severity AAA (sf) AA (sf) A (sf) BBB (sf) BB (sf) B (sf) 14.99% 13.07% 10.52% 7.37% 4.37% 2.56% 44.71% 41.32% 37.55% 33.23% 28.58% 21.48% Expected Loss 6.70% 5.40% 3.95% 2.45% 1.25% 0.55% Key Probability of Default Drivers LTV Ratio and Future Equity For certain more seasoned loans where updated valuations are not provided, DBRS indexed the original property values using the Case-Shiller home price indices (Case-Shiller) within their proper price tiers (when price tiers are available). However, property appreciation is not generally awarded. The DBRS-calculated weighted-average (WA) original combined LTV (CLTV) of 71.4% suggests that borrowers have considerable equity in their homes. Approximately 2.2% of the pool has piggybacks, and these loans represent a slightly higher WA original CLTV of 73.4%. There are no second liens included in this pool. DBRS calculates future equity (in two years) for every loan using its metropolitan statistical area (MSA)level base house price forecast model and applies additional market value decline (MVD) assumptions by rating category (described further in the Key Loss Severity Drivers section). The top three MSAs in this pool are Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, California (11.3% of the pool); Oakland-Fremont-Hayward, California (7.2% of the pool); and Santa Ana-Anaheim-Irvine, California (6.5% of the pool). When forecast over a two-year horizon, the DBRS-projected CLTV at the B rating level equals 66.4%, representing sizable equity after base home price forecasts and MVD stresses. Borrower Credit The WA FICO score of 766 indicates strong borrower credit profiles. Approximately 7.3% of the loans have FICOs lower than 720 and 8.2% have FICOs of 800 or higher. When underwriting the loans, the originators typically used the middle of three scores or lower of two scores. 4. This bucket includes 60-day and more serious delinquencies, loans in foreclosure and bankruptcy, as well as REO properties. 8 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Clean Payment Histories The pool is on average four months seasoned, with a maximum age of nine months. The payment histories on the loans are substantially clean. Except for 22 loans that had previous servicing transferrelated payment disruptions, no loan has had prior delinquencies since origination. DBRS does not generally treat servicing transfer-related payment disruptions as delinquencies in the loss model. Documentation Type Of the loans in the Trust, 100.0% were underwritten to a full documentation standard. In addition, 92.0% were either (1) loans to wage-earners underwritten with 24 months or more of income verification or (2) loans to self-employed borrowers underwritten with 24 months or more of income verification and included a CPA Certification of the tax returns (Income Level 5, according to the American Securitization Forum standard) and had full asset and employment verification as well. After reviewing the third-party due diligence results, DBRS considers 1.0% of the loans in the pool to not have full documentation and, as a result, assumed less than full documentation for these loans in its analysis. While full documentation varies slightly among the originators, it generally consists of: Two years of W-2 forms and pay stub(s) with year-to-date earnings. Verification of employment. Signed and executed IRS 4506-T form. Verification of deposit or two months of bank statements for closing funds and reserves. In addition, the borrowers are expected to have been current on their prior mortgage (or rental) payments for at least 12 to 24 months. Product Type The collateral pool consists of 100.0% fixed-rate first-lien mortgages generally with an original term to maturity of 30 years. None of the loans have IO features. Fully amortizing fixed-rate loans generally pose the lowest default risk, given the stability in monthly payments. Occupancy (Percentage of Second Homes and Investment Properties) Approximately 5.2% and 0.2% of the loans are to finance second homes and investment properties, respectively. These loans represent slightly higher default risk (1.2x to 1.8x penalty) relative to owneroccupied loans. However, the liquid reserves for the second-home borrowers are much higher, with reserves of $931,114. Also, the LTV ratio of 59.6% for the investment property loan is much lower. The second home and investment property borrowers have total annual incomes of $453,204 and $126,951, respectively. Geographic Concentration and Large Loans The CSMC 2015-WIN1 pool has relatively moderate geographic composition, with California representing 49.4% of the pool and the top three states representing 59.4%. The average loan size of $726,849, while elevated, is not considered significant for a non-conforming pool, given that the maximum conforming loan limit for high-cost areas is as high as $625,500 for single-family homes. DBRS measures concentration risk by a Herfindahl index calculated on both a geographic (MSA-level) and loan-size basis. The concentration measure, along with credit quality, derives the level of asset correlation, which is an important factor in the determination of rating category stresses. Compared with other recent DBRS-rated prime jumbo securitizations in the market, the asset correlation for this portfolio suggests a comparable level of concentration. 9 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Key Loss Severity Drivers DBRS calculates loss severity as follows: (1) A recovery value is estimated from the statistical recovery model. In order to derive a recovery value, DBRS first estimates an updated property value at liquidation, which includes the following considerations: The number of months each subject loan takes to migrate through the delinquency, foreclosure and real estate owned (REO) timeline. MSA-level base home price forecast. MVD stress by rating category. Distressed sale discount of 30.8%. Further adjustment based on borrower and property characteristics. (2) Interest advancing (through liquidation) is subtracted from the recovery. (3) Loss is calculated as the shortfall of recovery to loan balance outstanding. Base Home Price Forecast (MSA Level) DBRS developed its own home price forecast model, built to estimate the expected level of house prices, as well as their distribution, which can then be used to predict future MVDs. Using the series level CaseShiller index, the real home prices are calculated as the ratio of the house price index to the consumer price index (CPI; January 2002 = 100). The model separates real house price movements into two components: the direction of the movement and its magnitude. The direction of the movement is modeled using logistic regression. The factors in the model are (1) the real house price index, (2) an indicator that the series is volatile and (3) whether the series is currently in an overheated state. The magnitude of the quarterly movement is modeled as a Weibull distribution with a mean that matches the mean of the series. Market Value Decline (by Rating Level) DBRS applies an MVD to all property values ranging from 27.0% in the AAA scenario to 4.0% in the B scenario and to all rating levels. Distressed Sale Discount DBRS applies a 30.8% haircut to the updated property values. This haircut is meant to address property sales in a liquidation scenario, which often represent distressed sales and therefore beaten-down prices. The value, one of the terms of the recovery model, has been estimated from past liquidations. In addition, the haircut also includes liquidation costs, such as maintenance, repairs, attorney and real estate agent fees, etc. Further Property Value Adjustment (Generally Negative) Once the distressed sale discount is applied, further value adjustments, calculated based on the updated property value, are made based on the following characteristics. These adjustments are generally negative: Expensive and inexpensive properties. Months in REO. Property type. Occupancy. FICO. Months since loan origination. Property state. 10 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 These adjustments are made because each has a significant impact on the actual recovery percentage. Based on DBRS’s analysis, each month in REO reduces the recovery amount by 1.8%. Expensive and inexpensive properties tend to recover less as a percentage of updated property value. Two property types are called out as different: manufactured homes and multi-unit, each of which produces lower recoveries, but neither exist in this pool. Investor homes and second homes have reduced recovery rates. Homes associated with higher-FICO borrowers have improved recovery rates. Recovery declines with increased time since loan origination. Additionally, a handful of states (Ohio, Illinois, Pennsylvania and Michigan) have reduced recovery rates. Advancing (Calculated Based on the Note Rate at a State Level) The servicers are obligated to advance for principal and interest for delinquent mortgages as long as such advances are deemed recoverable. If the servicers fail in their obligations to advance, the master servicer will be obligated to fund such principal and interest servicing advances. Given the expected performance of a prime pool, as well as the financial strength of the servicers and/or the master servicer, DBRS assumes that principal and interest servicer advancing would occur and continue through liquidation. Interest advancing at the note rate is included in the loss severity calculation. In the B base-case scenario, the number of months’ interest that is advanced follows the DBRS-derived state-by-state timeline. For each rating level higher than B, two incremental months are added to the timeline of the previous rating category. Qualified Mortgage Treatment Certain mortgage loans (99.2% of the pool) had loan application dates on or after January 10, 2014, and are subject to the QM and ATR rules issued by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (CFPB) as part of the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. These loans are designated as QM Safe Harbor, which mitigates future litigation risk and provides a level of assurance that these loans are better insulated from claims and defenses by borrowers. DBRS assumes that a QM Safe Harbor borrower will not file an ATR claim and, consequently, does not apply any additional loan-level loss severity adjustments. A third-party due diligence firm confirmed the correct QM designation for these loans and reviewed them for compliance with the QM and ATR rules. Other Considerations Borrower Income and Liquid Reserves For the entire pool, the (non-zero) WA primary borrower income exceeds $268,000 annually. For the entire pool, the WA liquid reserves for the loans are approximately $348,000, which is enough to cover over seven years of monthly mortgage payments. On average, 8.3% of the loans have liquid reserves higher than their current loan balance. Multiple Loans to a Single Borrower Approximately 45.2% of the borrowers have more than one mortgaged property. Borrowers with three or more mortgages (with a maximum of five) represent 13.8% of the pool and generally show considerable income and liquid reserves. The WA DTI ratio for borrowers with multiple properties is 34.7%, slightly above the overall DTI ratio for the entire pool of 33.2%. For borrowers with multiple mortgages, there are no instances where more than one of their mortgages have been included in this securitization. Self-Employed Borrowers Approximately 21.8% of the loans are to self-employed borrowers. Compared with the salaried borrowers in the pool, the self-employed borrowers have lower CLTVs, higher income and higher reserves. As confirmed by third-party due diligence, when underwriting the self-employed loans, all loans had at least two years of personal or business tax returns from either a borrower or a co-borrower. CPA certifications were provided by approximately 57.5% of the self-employed borrowers. 11 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Aggregators, Originators and Historical Performance Report Date: January 28, 2015 Aggregator: DLJ Mortgage Capital, Inc. DLJMC Whole-Loan Acquisition Channel (DLJMC Conduit) The loans were acquired by DLJMC through its whole-loan acquisition channel from various originators. All the loans in this portfolio were purchased either on a flow or bulk basis. DBRS conducted a review of DLJMC’s financial capability and conduit operation. A private rating was assigned to DLJMC based on the review of its financial statements and the historical significance of the operation to Credit Suisse. DBRS believes that DLJMC has sufficient financial strength to backstop the repurchase obligations arising from breaches of representations and warranties for its conduit loans. Originator Review Process and Monitoring (Flow) DLJMC began acquiring mortgage loans from PHH in July 2010 and subsequently established relationships with other lenders. DLJMC performs an on-site review of each of the originators that includes the financial capability (including tangible net worth and historical repurchase activities relative to equity), company background, senior management, business strategy, origination process, underwriting, technology and quality control. With each originator, DLJMC enters into a mortgage loan purchase agreement that specifies various contract terms, including the sale and transfer, administration and servicing (if applicable) of the mortgage loans, as well as representation and warranty provisions. As part of its monitoring process, DLJMC conducts an annual review of each of the originators in its conduit program, which substantially covers the same items as the initial review. Loan Acquisition and Third-Party Due Diligence (Flow) At loan acquisition, one or more third-party due diligence firms perform reviews on credit, compliance, data integrity and property valuation analysis. Appraisals are reviewed on a pre-closing, pre-funding basis. The originator sends appraisals directly to the third-party due diligence firm. An appraisal goes through several layers of valuation reviews, if needed, including enhanced desk reviews and field reviews (if applicable). Credit and compliance due diligence is conducted on a post-closing, pre-funding basis and generally encompasses document inventory, guideline standards, data analysis and verification, credit risk evaluation, fraud check and compliance review. Based on the relevant documents in the loan files, the due diligence firm (1) evaluates mortgage loans for the borrower’s willingness and ability to repay the obligation; (2) re-calculates income, liabilities, DTI and LTV ratios; (3) confirms credit scores and histories were within origination guidelines; (4) examines income, employment, assets and occupancy for reasonability; (5) reviews occupancy checks by using available fraud prevention tools; and (6) tests to verify QM and ATR status. Third-party due diligence was performed on 100% of the DLJMC conduit loans. DBRS adjusted property valuations and other attributes as appropriate based on the due diligence results. 12 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Underwriting Criteria DBRS analyzed the following key areas of the underwriting guideline overlays provided by DLJMC. The guidelines may vary slightly, but generally conform to the following standards: (1) Income and employment verification For a salaried borrower: Two years of W-2 forms. A pay stub with YTD earnings. Verbal verification of employment (VVOE) required within ten calendar days. A 4506-T form is required to be signed and executed, allowing the lender to request a tax transcript from the IRS. For self-employed: Two years of personal returns. Two years of business tax returns (for borrowers with 25% or more ownership interest). VVOE required within 30 calendar days. A 4506-T form is required to be signed and executed, allowing the lender to request a tax transcript from the IRS. (2) Asset verification Full verification of assets for closing funds and reserves, including two months of statements or the most recent quarterly statement. (3) Reserve requirement Minimum reserve of six months to 36 months of loan payments, depending on the loan amount, for owner-occupied homes and minimum 12 months to 48 months of loan payments, depending on the loan amount, for borrowers securing loans on second homes are required. For borrowers with more than two financed properties, six months additional reserves are required for each additional property. (4) Credit report/score Credit reports/scores must be current (within the last 90 days). The middle of three scores or lower of two scores is applied. The lowest of all borrowers’ scores is used. (5) Prior mortgage delinquency Borrower must be 0x30 delinquent in the prior 24 months. Borrowers with prior bankruptcy, foreclosure, short sales or deeds in lieu are not allowed. (6) Appraisal Two appraisals are required for loans greater than $1 million for refinance transactions and $1.5 million for purchase transactions. All appraisals must include interior photos. Appraisals are only good for 120 days. The lesser of the original purchase price or new appraised value, if the property is owned for less than 12 months, will be used. (7) Maximum LTV, DTI, cash-out amount and minimum credit score The maximum LTV, DTI, cash-out amount and minimum credit score will vary by loan amount, property type, purpose and occupancy. (8) Trade lines A borrower(s) credit profile must include a minimum of three open trade lines. One trade line must be open and active for 24 months, another must be an installment or mortgage account and the remaining trade line must be rated for 12 months. Certain compensating factors on longer credit histories or higher reserves can be considered without the loan being viewed as an exception. (9) Subordinate financing New subordinate financing is allowed, subject to LTV/CLTV maximums. 13 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Historical Performance Since the program’s inception, the DLJMC conduit has executed 18 securitizations to date. The loans included in the securitizations are substantially current. Historical Performance of DLJMC Conduit Securitizations CSMC CSMC CSMC CSMC 2015-WIN1 2014-WIN2 2014-WIN1 2014-IVR3 Closing Date Loan Count at Issuance Outstanding Balance at Issuance CSMC 2014-IVR2 CSMC 2014-SAF1 CSMC 2014-IVR1 Jan 20155 Nov 2014 Aug 2014 Jul 2014 Apr 2014 Feb 2014 Jan 2014 525 511 561 526 364 415 398 $382MM $371MM $405MM $363MM $271MM $300MM $287MM Securitization Performance (as of December 26, 2014) Current N/A 99.8% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 99.7% 99.8% 30-Day Delinquent N/A 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 60+-Day Delinquent6 N/A 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 0.0% Cumulative Realized Loss N/A 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% CSMC 2013-IVR5 CSMC 2013-7 CSMC 2013-6 CSMC 2013-IVR4 CSMC 2013-IVR3 CSMC 2013-HYB1 Nov 2013 Aug 2013 Jul 2013 Jun 2013 May 2013 Jun 2013 398 536 808 530 430 382 $302MM $399MM $597MM $407MM $336MM $428MM 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 30-Day Delinquent 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 60+-Day Delinquent6 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Cumulative Realized Loss 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% CSMC CSMC 2013-IVR1 2013-TH1 CSMC 2012-CIM37 CSMC 2012-CIM2 CSMC 2012-CIM1 Closing Date Loan Count at Issuance Outstanding Balance at Issuance Securitization Performance (as of December 26, 2014) Current CSMC 2013-IVR2 Closing Date Apr 2013 Mar 2013 Feb 2013 Nov 2012 Jun 2012 Mar 2012 478 488 555 408 476 844 $393MM $389MM $428MM $329MM $425MM $742MM 100.0% 100.0% 99.8% 99.6% 99.6% 99.7% 30-Day Delinquent 0.0% 0.0% 0.2% 0.4% 0.0% 0.3% 60+-Day Delinquent6 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.4% 0.0% Cumulative Realized Loss 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.04% Loan Count at Issuance Outstanding Balance at Issuance Securitization Performance (as of December 26, 2014) Current 5. This date represents the expected closing date of the transaction. 6. This bucket includes 60-day and more serious delinquencies, loans in foreclosure and bankruptcy and REO properties. 7. This transaction was not rated by DBRS. 14 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Originators New Penn Financial, LLC New Penn is the originator of approximately 20.2% of the loans in this transaction. DBRS performed an on-site review of New Penn’s origination platform and believes the company to be an acceptable mortgage loan originator. Headquartered in Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania, New Penn has been in business since 2008 and became a wholly owned subsidiary of Shellpoint Partners LLC (Shellpoint) in June 2011. New Penn originates prime residential mortgage loans using a centrally controlled underwriting, processing and fulfillment infrastructure through consumer direct channels, retail offices and financial intermediaries (including community banks, credit unions, mortgage bankers and brokers). In 2013, New Penn originated approximately $5.7 billion residential mortgage loans and $1.8 billion as of Q2 2014. New Penn has a highly experienced executive management team averaging over 20 years of industry experience. As of July 31, 2014, New Penn employed approximately 860 full-time equivalents (FTEs) in its origination business. This represents a decrease in origination personnel since Q1 2013 of approximately 26%, reflecting a strategic scaling down of personnel to reflect decreased industry volumes over the last year. The third-party origination business sources loans through mortgage broker and correspondent relationships. Overall, the company has 49 offices located in 24 states, geographically dispersed throughout the country. The company has four third-party origination operations centers located in three states. The company’s retail channel comprises a combination of branches and call centers concentrated in strategic markets across the country, with a total of 38 retail branch offices and 13 retail call centers located in 24 states. New Penn does not delegate non-agency loan underwriting within any channel. The company maintains an experienced underwriting staff of approximately 77 FTEs, with non-agency loan approved underwriters averaging approximately seven years of industry experience. Lending authority is issued when an underwriter completes a system and process training, a test case process under a mentor and both the Chief Credit Officer and business channel Underwriting Manager certify lending authority. Credit authority is granted based on performance and review of the loans underwritten. Any non-agency exceptions must be reviewed and approved by the Chief Credit Officer (and may also be subject to additional review by other senior management) and documented in the related file. New Penn has reliable fraud detection processes with imbedded interfaces directly to its loan origination system. All loans are run through CoreLogic’s LoanSafe Fraud Manager (LoanSafe), which verifies data and flags fraud-related items that need to be resolved by the underwriters prior to moving on to the next approval process. LoanSafe will also provide an instant risk score with high-scoring loans requiring a more stringent review by the underwriters. Any documentation received, regardless of source, is validated through third-party verification. ComplianceEase is also run on every loan, in addition to other tools designed to detect fraud and verify information. Additionally, the company receives a 4506-T form and an IRS transcript on every non-agency loan (other than loans originated under its foreign national program), and obtains independent verbal confirmation of employment on every loan wherever possible. If a verbal confirmation is unavailable, a written confirmation is used. 15 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 New Penn maintains a focused appraisal management process. Many appraisals are managed by eStreet Appraisal Management, a wholly owned subsidiary of Shellpoint, with separate reporting lines to the parent company. New Penn underwriters review appraisals for all loans to determine accuracy and acceptance of the final reports and may escalate the report for quality concerns or through an appraisal escalation review process for value disputes. New Penn performs monthly reviews on each Independent Appraisal Management Company (IAMC) and maintains appraisal review checklists on all appraisals to ensure compliance. All properties are also evaluated using the CoreLogic Collateral Manager and compared with appraisals. New Penn maintains a highly developed control environment through its Board Risk Management Committee (the Board), as well as its compliance, internal audit (IA), quality assurance, quality control (QC) and vendor management processes. Risk management has a direct reporting line to the Shellpoint board of directors. The Board meets quarterly to review key legal, compliance and IA findings, as well as consumer issues. New Penn has an IA function led by the Director of Internal Audit, who is independent of operations and compliance and reports directly to the head of risk management. The Board approves the IA plan. The compliance team monitors changes in state and federal regulations through numerous compliance management resources. New Penn employs a third-party QC firm to perform the post-closing QC process, which focuses on a core document review. Additionally, at closing, a call is conducted with every borrower (except for correspondent loans) to verify the customer and undisclosed liabilities, as well as to confirm the loan terms. These calls are recorded. Management reports that there is no litigation, either individually or in the aggregate, that will have a material impact on the financial stability of the company. Quicken Loans Inc. Quicken is the originator of approximately 19.3% of the loans in this transaction. DBRS performed a review of Quicken’s origination platform and deems the company to be an acceptable mortgage loan originator. Quicken is a centralized retail originator, using the Internet and web center as its primary marketing and communication medium. The company is headquartered in Detroit with three web call centers located in Scottsdale, Arizona; Southfield, Michigan; and Cleveland, Ohio. Additionally, the company has an office located in Charlotte, North Carolina, for all origination support functions. Quicken does not originate sizable volumes of jumbo product and management has indicated to DBRS that jumbo originations are not a core focus for the company, and yet Quicken has been originating loans for more than 29 years through its predecessor organizations and has demonstrated solid loan origination processes. Quicken employs an experienced senior management team that averages over 21 years of industry experience and nearly 17 years of company tenure. The company employs 10,000 FTEs, with more than 8,000 FTEs working in Detroit, and maintains an annualized turnover rate of 25%. Quicken does not employ offshore resources, but actively uses a temporary staff of approximately 294 FTEs to manage workflow expansions and contractions as market rates rise and fall. Quicken’s production for 2012 and 2013 was $69.8 billion and $79.9 billion, respectively. Higher interest rates and the resulting slowdown in refinances have lowered Quicken’s 2014 production estimates to $60 billion. Quicken regularly invests in technology upgrades to support its growth initiatives and maintains a solid platform of proprietary origination systems with built-in compliance and investor rules. Quicken’s technology initiatives are supported by an information technology (IT) staff of over 1,100 FTEs, with integration into the business units to ensure understanding of the company’s critical processes. Quicken maintains a focused control environment. The company implemented a newly created IA function and continues to build out its audit staff. Quicken also employs focused QC reviews and validation processes throughout its origination and post-closing activities. 16 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Caliber Home Loans, Inc. Caliber is the originator of approximately 7.6% of the loans in this transaction. DBRS performed an on-site review of Caliber’s origination platform and believes the company is an acceptable mortgage loan originator. In 2008, Lone Star Funds, a global private equity firm, purchased the mortgage servicing operations of CIT Group Inc. (rebranded to Vericrest Financial) and the operating assets of Bear Stearns Residential Mortgage Corporation (rebranded to Caliber Funding LLC). In August 2013, the two companies were merged to form Caliber, a full-service mortgage banking organization. The company is headquartered in Irving, Texas, and employs a highly experienced executive management team that averages over 25 years of industry experience. Caliber is an approved and active Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae and Ginnie Mae seller/servicer. As of June 2014, Caliber had over 2,500 employees, of which over 1,400 are originations employees, across 87 sales locations and 19 operations centers nationwide. Caliber originates loans across four channels: retail, wholesale, correspondent and consumer direct. The distributed retail channel operates across 68 branches and 17 satellite locations nationwide. The majority of Caliber’s jumbo prime product is originated through its retail channel. Caliber operates its wholesale channel through account executives that source volume through mortgage brokers. Caliber does not delegate underwriting in the wholesale channel. The company began its correspondent channel in 2013. All loans sourced through the correspondent channel are reviewed by Caliber prior to purchase (all jumbos are re-underwritten). The company targets 2014 origination volumes of over $13 billion across all four channels. Caliber’s underwriting staff average over ten years of industry experience. Caliber maintains solid training processes with dedicated training staff for the delivery of job-specific training across the platform. Caliber supports a focused control structure. QC reports to the Chief Risk Officer and IA reports to the board of directors, both of which are separate from the business units. In addition to the 100% pre-closing reviews performed by the closing/funding department, QC manages post-funding file reviews that are performed by an independent third-party vendor for a total re-underwrite of loans on approximately 15% of originations. Additionally all early payment default and first payment default loans are internally audited by the QC department. All pre- and post-review findings are tracked and reported to management on a monthly basis, along with action plan reports and root cause analysis. Caliber maintains a solid technology environment. The company’s rules-based loan origination system is a proprietary system with built-in interfaces for third-party vendors and is designed to manage the entire loan origination process, from application through post-closing. Other Originators The CSMC 2015-WIN1 transaction also contains mortgage loans from other originators and, in accordance with DBRS criteria, DBRS did not conduct an operational risk assessment on some of the originators because of their relatively small contributions to the pool. However, third-party due diligence was performed on 100% of the pool, which was reviewed by DBRS in detail. Servicers and Master Servicer Servicers Select Portfolio Servicing, Inc. SPS services approximately 68.8% of the loans in this transaction. DBRS performed an on-site review of SPS and believes that the servicer has demonstrated acceptable mortgage servicing capabilities. 17 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 SPS is a financial services company specializing in the servicing and default management of residential mortgage loans. SPS is a wholly owned subsidiary of Credit Suisse and has been servicing residential mortgage loans for more than 20 years. The company operates its servicing platform from its headquarters in Salt Lake City, Utah, and Jacksonville, Florida. SPS has an experienced management team and staff to fully support its servicing strategies with a robust and integrated technology platform, solid internal control environment and comprehensive training programs for both new hires and ongoing staff. The company continues to maintain effective loan administration and default management capabilities. As of September 2013, SPS services a portfolio of over 350,000 loans with an unpaid principal balance of nearly $70 billion. SPS employs approximately 1,480 FTEs and has maintained solid overall staff turnover rates of approximately 12.5% as of Q3 2013. Additionally, SPS uses an offshore vendor with approximately 810 FTEs to perform back-office loan administration, default management and developer/technology support processes. No customer-facing functions are performed offshore and the company does not offshore 100% of any servicing function. SPS outsources its insurance and tax process to domestic vendors. SPS supports a focused approach in its collection and loss mitigation efforts. All customer service, primary collections and loss mitigation associates are fully trained to discuss workout options with customers, review and input financial information into SPS’s proprietary loss mitigation system and counsel customers regarding workout options and monthly expenditures. SPS maintains reliable default management staffing levels, with approximately 327 accounts per employee in early-stage collections and 86 accounts per employee in default servicing. SPS continues to sustain acceptable metrics for collection call hold times and abandonment rates at 18 seconds and 1.0%, respectively. SPS effectively uses proprietary technology to determine which type of modification or liquidation options are available. If the customer has the willingness and ability to pay, home retention is promoted. If not, a liquidation option is promoted. Shellpoint Mortgage Servicing SMS services approximately 20.2% of the loans in this transaction. DBRS recently performed an operational risk review of SMS and believes that the company demonstrates acceptable mortgage servicing capabilities. On March 3, 2014, the technology, infrastructure and staff of Resurgent Mortgage Servicing were acquired from Resurgent Capital Services L.P. (Resurgent) by New Penn and renamed Shellpoint Mortgage Servicing. SMS provides third-party special servicing to select clients across all mortgage products, including prime, subprime, special servicing, home equity lines of credit and jumbos. The company has been servicing residential mortgage loans for over 15 years and operates its servicing platform from Greenville, South Carolina, and Houston, Texas. SMS has an experienced leadership team that averages nearly 25 years of industry experience and nearly nine years of company tenure. The company maintains a robust technology platform with a high degree of integration, a solid internal control environment and reliable training programs for both new hires and ongoing staff. SMS has sophisticated loan administration and default management capabilities to fully support its servicing strategies. As of March 2014, SMS serviced a portfolio of over 90,000 loans with an unpaid principal balance (UPB) of approximately $16.1 billion. SMS employs a servicing staff of approximately 275 FTEs and has access to a staff of 80 IT professionals through a shared services agreement with Resurgent. The company maintained turnover rates of 14% as of December 2013. 18 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 SMS supports a focused approach in its collection and loss mitigation efforts. Collection efforts begin based on the customer’s pay history. Collection calls begin at three days past due for customers that have paid after the late charge date within the last three months. For customers that have paid on or before the late charge date for three consecutive months, collection calls begin at 11 days past due. SMS uses both dialer and manual call campaigns based on the company’s analytics and investor-specific guidelines. Loans one to 30 days past due are managed in a pooled environment. Once an account goes 31 days past due, the loan moves into personal loan ownership. Accounts are referred to loss mitigation at 61 days past due or earlier if they are identified as in imminent default where they are assigned a single point of contact (SPOC). SMS maintains call metrics for hold times and abandonment rates at approximately 47 seconds and 3.9%, respectively. SMS’s proprietary technology platform integrates core process management functions with customized workflow processes, data warehouse capabilities and a robust analytics and reporting engine. Fifth Third Bank Fifth Third Bank is the servicer of approximately 4.8% of the loans in this transaction. DBRS performed a review of Fifth Third Bank’s servicer platform and believes the company is an acceptable mortgage loan servicer. Fifth Third Bank serviced approximately 562,000 single-family residential loans totaling $81.5 billion as of June 30, 2014. The servicing is predominantly FNMA and FHLMC product done primarily out of its platform in Madisonville, Ohio, with vendor employees in Costa Rica and Mexico for early-stage delinquencies. The company employs a tenured staff of approximately 920 full-time servicing staff and 142 offshore contract collectors. Fifth Third Bank utilizes proprietary scoring analysis in development of its calling campaigns and approach to collection efforts. Collection strategies, which include early-, mid- and late-stage teams, focus on properly resolving a borrower’s short-term or long-term issue, with an eye on reducing roll rates, delinquency and losses, focusing strongly on regulatory compliance and oversight. Calling strategies begin as early as three days past due and include a combination of auto-dialer calls, manual calls, outreach letters and door knock representatives who visit homes personally. These efforts continue through default. Loss mitigation tools include forbearance plans, repayment plans and modifications. The workout eligibility analysis considers both hardship and a borrower’s capacity first, with the hope that they can offer a retention option. When all of the options above fail, the company utilizes deed-in-lieu, short sale and cash for keys to avoid foreclosure. When Fifth Third Bank determines that maintaining ownership is not an option, it considers disposition, with a focus on maximizing net proceeds and reducing its loss exposure. Deficiency notes are negotiated and obtained whenever possible. Once a loan has been foreclosed, the company immediately works to secure the property and assign it to an asset management firm. Currently, Fifth Third Bank has approximately 730 real estate-owned assets in its portfolio totaling $116.4 million. Master Servicer and Securities Administrator Master Servicer Wells Fargo, a wholly owned subsidiary of Wells Fargo & Company, acts as Master Servicer for CSMC 2015-WIN1. Wells Fargo & Company is a nationwide, diversified, community-based financial service company with assets valued at $1.6 trillion. DBRS maintains a rating of AA (high) on the Deposits & Senior Debt and a rating of R-1 (high) on the Short-Term Instruments of Wells Fargo, both with Stable trends. DBRS performed an on-site review of Wells Fargo and believes that the company has demonstrated adequate mortgage master servicing capabilities. 19 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 As a Master Servicer, Wells Fargo is responsible for the aggregation of monthly servicer reports and remittances and for the oversight of the performance of the servicers under the terms of their respective underlying servicing agreements. In particular, the Master Servicer independently calculates monthly loan balances based on servicer data, compares its results with servicer loan-level reports and reconciles any discrepancies with the servicers. The Master Servicer also reviews the servicing of defaulted loans for compliance with the terms of the pooling and servicing agreement or the underlying servicer agreement, as applicable. In addition, upon the occurrence of certain servicer Events of Default under the terms of the servicing agreements and the pooling and servicing agreement, the Master Servicer may be required to enforce certain remedies on behalf of the issuing entity against any such defaulting servicer. Wells Fargo has been engaged in the business of master servicing since June 30, 1995. As of June 30, 2014, Wells Fargo was acting as Master Servicer for approximately 1,797 series of residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) with an aggregate outstanding principal balance of approximately $342,846,000,000. Securities Administrator Wells Fargo is also responsible for securities administration, which includes pool performance calculations, distribution calculations and the preparation of monthly distribution reports. As Securities Administrator, Wells Fargo is responsible for the preparation and filing of all real estate mortgage investment conduit tax returns on behalf of the issuing entity. Wells Fargo has been engaged in the business of securities administration since June 30, 1995. As of June 30, 2014, Wells Fargo was acting as Securities Administrator with respect to more than $658,004,000,000 of outstanding RMBS. As the Securities Administrator, Wells Fargo will perform, on behalf of the trustee, the duties of authentication agent, calculation agent, paying agent and certificate registrar. Transaction Structure Transaction Diagram Originators New Penn Financial, LLC Quicken Loans, Inc. Caliber Home Loans, Inc. Other Originators Trustee Christiana Trust, a division of Wilmington Savings Fund Society, FSB Servicers Select Portfolio Servicing Inc. Shellpoint Mortgage Servicing Fifth Third Mortgage Company PHH Mortgage Corporation First Republic Bank EverBank Master Servicer and Securities Administrator Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Seller DLJ Mortgage Capital, Inc. Class A Certificates Depositor Credit Suisse First Boston Mortgage Securities Corp. Issuing Entity CSMC Trust 2015-WIN1 (Senior Certificates) Class B Certificates (Subordinate Certificates) 20 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Cash Flow Structure and Features Available Distribution Amount For each related distribution period, the available distribution amount is the sum of: Scheduled interest (net of aggregate expenses and fees) and principal payments. Servicer advances of interest and principal on delinquent loans. Full and partial prepayments of principal and prepayment interest shortfalls. Insurance proceeds and net liquidation proceeds. Any other recoveries of funds and repurchase and substitution amounts. Minus Advances and other amounts for which the servicers and Master Servicer are entitled to be reimbursed. Related expenses. Priority of Payments On each distribution date, the available distribution amount will be applied in the following order of priority: (1) Pay the excess servicing fee to the Class A-IO-S Certificates. (2) Pay the current and unpaid interest to the Class A-X-1, Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-4, Class A-X-2, Class A-X-3 and Class A-X-4 Certificates, pro rata. (3) Prior to the credit support depletion date, pay the scheduled principal and the allocated share of unscheduled principal payments in accordance with the senior prepayment percentages set forth in the table below (senior principal distribution amount), pro rata, to: (a) The Class A-1 Certificates until reduced to zero. (b) The Class A-2 and Class A-3 Certificates, sequentially, in that order, until reduced to zero. (c) The Class A-4 Certificates until reduced to zero. On or after the credit support depletion date, pay the senior principal distribution amount, in accordance with the senior prepayment percentages set forth in the table below, to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3 and Class A-4 Certificates, pro rata, until reduced to zero. (4) Sequentially to Classes B-1, B-2, B-3, B-4 and B-5 Certificates, the current and unpaid interest and then each class’s pro rata share of principal payments (IPIP). The principal payments to the Class B Certificates consist of the scheduled principal and their allocated share of the unscheduled principal payments, subject to certain performance tests as described below in Step-Down Test section. (5) To the Class R Certificates, any remaining amounts. To the extent that any of the initial exchangeable certificates above are exchanged for a proportionate share of the exchangeable certificates, such exchangeable certificates will be paid in the same priority as the initial exchangeable certificates described above. Senior Prepayment Percentage Distribution Date Occurring in the Period Prior to February 2020 February 2020 to January 2021 February 2021 to January 2022 February 2022 to January 2023 February 2023 to January 2024 February 2024 and thereafter 21 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS Senior Prepayment Percentage 100% the Senior % plus 70% of the Subordinate % the Senior % plus 60% of the Subordinate % the Senior % plus 40% of the Subordinate % the Senior % plus 20% of the Subordinate % the Senior % CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Step-Down Test The step-down test consists of a delinquency and a cumulative loss component. Upon the satisfaction of the two tests (or triggers), the subordinate classes may receive their allocated share of prepayments. The tests are as follows: Delinquency Test The outstanding principal balance of all loans delinquent 60+ days or more (including loans in foreclosure, REO or bankruptcy status, as well as any mortgages subject to a servicing modification in the prior 12 months), averaged over the preceding six months as a percentage of the aggregate then-current principal balance of the subordinate classes, does not equal or exceed 50%. Cumulative Loss Test Distribution Date Occurring in the Period February 2020 to January 2021 February 2021 to January 2022 February 2022 to January 2023 February 2023 to January 2024 February 2024 and thereafter Cumulative Realized Losses as a % of the Original Aggregate Subordinate Class Principal Amounts 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% Applicable Credit Support Percentage The structure locks subordinate classes out of principal distributions if the then-current credit support percentage (defined as (1) the sum of the current balance of a respective subordinate class and all classes subordinate to it, divided by (2) the total then-current collateral balance) falls below the applicable credit support percentage, as indicated in the table below. In such instances, these principal distributions will be redirected to the more senior classes to accelerate their paydowns. Applicable Credit Support Percentage Class B-1 B-2 B-3 B-4 B-5 Applicable Credit Support Percentage 7.65% 6.20% 4.55% 3.45% 1.55% Subordination Floor The transaction benefits from a subordination floor of 1.60% of the collateral principal balance at issuance. This prevents a certain level of credit support from leaking out of the capital structure even when the transaction is performing within expectations (i.e., the subordinate classes are receiving unscheduled principal). Such subordination floor also provides protection against tail risk when the pool reduces to a small loan count. Reimbursement of Servicing Advances for Modified Loans In the event of a servicer loan modification, the reimbursement of servicing advances would be reduced only from the principal distribution amount in a reverse order of priority. No reimbursement would result in any reductions in the interest distribution amount. Allocation of Realized Losses Realized losses will be allocated in a reverse sequential order from the most subordinate class and up (Class B-5, Class B-4, Class B-3, Class B-2 and Class B-1, in that order) until the principal balance of each class is reduced to zero. Afterwards, realized losses on the mortgage loans will be applied to the Class A-1, 22 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Class A-2, Class A-3 and Class A-4 Certificates, pro rata, until reduced to zero, provided that any realized losses otherwise allocable to the Class A-2, Class A-3 and Class A-4 Certificates will first be allocated to the Class A-4 Certificates until reduced to zero and then to the Class A-2 and Class A-3 Certificates, pro rata, until reduced to zero. If exchanged, the Class A-7, Class A-8, Class A-9 and Class A-10 Certificates will have the benefit of the subordination provided by Class A-4 Certificates. Cash Flow Analysis DBRS generally undertakes a detailed structural analysis that encompasses 40 cash flow scenarios. The cash flow modeling assumptions focus on the following risk factors: Prepayment speeds. Timing of losses. Interest rate stresses (when there is a mismatch between collateral and bond coupons). DBRS incorporates a dynamic cash flow analysis in its rating process. As indicated in the table below, a baseline of five prepayment scenarios (under two Intex conventions – Standard and Max8) and two loss timing curves were applied to test the resilience of the rated classes. No interest rate stresses were run for this pool, as the mortgages are fixed-rate and the bonds bear coupons subject to the WA of the net mortgage rates (Net WAC). Therefore, DBRS ran a total of 20 cash flow scenarios for this transaction. A 60+ days delinquency curve was approximated based on the collateral attributes of the pool. Coupled with the losses derived from the RMBS Insight model, DBRS tested both the delinquency and cumulative loss triggers as part of the step-down test. 20 Cash Flow Scenarios Applied by DBRS for CSMC 2015-WIN1 DBRS Cash Flow Scenario Prepayments Intex Prepayment Convention 1–5 5% – 25% CPR Standard 6–10 5% – 25% CPR Standard 11–15 5% – 25% CPR Max 16–20 5% – 25% CPR Max Loss Timing Front-loaded Back-loaded Front-loaded Back-loaded In a shifting-interest structure, the bonds typically need additional subordination relative to expected losses, particularly in a back-loaded loss timing environment. As scheduled principal is distributed to the subordinate classes from deal inception, credit support for the more senior classes gradually leaks out from the capital structure. The later the losses occur, the lower the level of credit support that remains to cover such losses. As a result, the proposed structure typically warrants higher credit enhancement by approximately 0.25% to 1.00% (from the lowest to the highest rating levels) to cover losses at the respective ratings. For this transaction, extraordinary trust expenses, up to $300,000 annually, may be paid from available funds before any distribution to the securities, thus potentially reducing the interest and principal available to the certificateholders. DBRS ran additional cash flow stresses aligned with the duration of the DBRS loss timing curves to capture these potential expenses and ensure that the rated bonds can withstand further cash flow stresses. As a result, the proposed structure warranted higher credit enhancement. DBRS’s ratings do not address the likelihood that there may be interest shortfalls as a result of the occurrence of extraordinary trust expenses in any given month. 8. Standard: The standard prepayment rate consists of voluntary prepayments only. Prepayment amount and default amount are applied to the loans independently. Max: Intex will first apply the defaulted amount, then apply the prepayment amount such that the total amount applied is equal to the larger of the prepayment or the default amount. 23 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Rating Category Analysis DBRS employs various home price assumptions in its credit analysis at each rating category. Although an important driver of defaults and loss severities, home prices alone do not necessarily warrant rating changes. Many other factors, including economic measures and prepayment behaviors, can also cause changes in transaction performance. Higher rating levels, by design, have the ability to withstand increasing stresses more than lower rating levels. Rating Category Stresses DBRS incorporates home prices, asset correlation and simulation in determining rating category stresses. Associated with each rating category is a home price or MVD scenario. All future house values are adjusted downward by this percentage. The adjustment is applied, in addition to (1) the base house price forecast scenario, (2) the distressed sale discount and (3) further property value haircuts by property and loan characteristics, as described in the Key Loss Severity Drivers section. The table below illustrates the key home price decline assumptions for each rating category. Home Price Decline Assumptions by Rating Category Rating Base House Price Base Home Price * Category Forecast Decline AAA 2% -27% AA 2% -23% A 2% -17% BBB 2% -13% BB 2% -7% B 2% -4% Distressed Sale Discount -31% -31% -31% -31% -31% -31% Total Home Price Decline 48% 46% 41% 39% 34% 32% * Further market value haircuts by property and loan characteristics are not included in this example. The example uses a 2% base % Actual forecasts vary by MSA and are estimated by the DBRS house price forecast, which represents the DBRS national forecast. house price forecast model, as described in the Key Loss Severity Drivers section. Asset correlation is determined by the level of concentration (in geography and loan size) and credit quality. A simulation approach is used to determine the portfolio-level distribution of default and recovery. Simulations are run until the probability of exceeding the estimated rating stress level is less than a target value, or confidence interval, as established by the DBRS idealized default table. Third-Party Due Diligence Clayton Holdings LLC and American Mortgage Consultants, Inc. (collectively, the TPR firms) performed the third-party due diligence review for this transaction. DBRS has conducted on-site reviews of the TPR firms and believes that the companies have adequate staffing, infrastructure and capabilities to effectively perform residential mortgage due diligence reviews. For this transaction, 100% of the final pool was reviewed for credit, compliance and property valuation. Data integrity checks were also performed on the pool. For this pool, payment history reviews were not performed, given the relatively low seasoning of the loans. The scope of the due diligence review included: (1) Regulatory Compliance. The compliance review included testing for certain federal, state and local regulatory compliance conditions. For loans subject to the QM and ATR rules, the TPR firms reviewed the applicable loans for compliance with the QM requirements based on the loan’s designation. 24 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 (2) Credit. The detailed credit review included a comparison of documentation in the loan files to the origination guidelines. The TPR firms recalculated various ratios, including DTI, LTV and CLTV, and compared them against the origination guidelines. Asset statements were reviewed to assess whether required funds and reserves to close the loan were documented and were within the origination guidelines. The TPR firms verified and confirmed that FICO and credit histories were within the origination guidelines. The loan files were evaluated for evidence of borrower’s willingness and ability to repay the obligation, and were reviewed for reasonability of income, employment, assets and occupancy status. (3) Valuation Review. The review included making a reasonable assessment of whether the appraisal was thorough and complete, and the appraised value appeared to be supported. The TPR firms performed an initial review and assigned grades for compliance, credit and valuation. Following the initial grading, additional information and supporting documentation may have been provided by the originators and the seller to clear outstanding conditions. DBRS received a comprehensive loan-level analysis from the TPR firms that includes initial grades, final grades and detailed commentary on the rationale for any changes in grades, including compensating factors and waivers. DBRS reviewed the due diligence results and made adjustments to the documentation types and, hence, loss rates on certain loans as described in the relevant sections in this report. DBRS also indexed the property values using Case-Shiller on certain loans. For this transaction, the TPR firms provided DBRS written attestations that generally include the following: The diligence review was conducted without influences from the sponsor of the transaction. The review was completed in accordance with DBRS third-party due diligence criteria. The reviewers have the appropriate level of experience to complete the due diligence review. Ample time was given to the firm to perform the review and report the findings to DBRS. Representations and Warranties Each originator has made certain representations and warranties concerning the mortgage loans. Such representations and warranties will be restated in the related Assignment, Assumption and Recognition Agreements to and for the benefit of the trustee and the Trust, either as of the Closing Date or a date prior to the Closing Date. With respect to the latter, the seller will be covering the gap for the period between the restatement date (prior to the Closing Date) and the Closing Date. The representations and warranties provided for the transaction substantially conform to DBRS’s Representations and Warranties Criteria for U.S. RMBS Transactions. Enforcement Mechanism The originators shall cure any breaches of representations and warranties generally within 90 days of discovery. If not cured, the trustee shall enforce the obligation to repurchase the affected mortgages at the repurchase price or substitute similar mortgages. There are a number of ways to put forth an alleged claim of a breach of representations and warranties. With respect to a loan that is less than 120 days delinquent, either the controlling holder (holder of the majority of the class principal amount of the most subordinate class outstanding) or holders of more than two-thirds of the aggregate voting interests of the senior certificates can elect to pursue a claim of a breach. For loans that have become 120 days delinquent, an automatic breach review will be triggered and the Master Servicer shall provide prompt written notice of such delinquency to the trustee to start a claim. 25 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Upon receipt of alleged breaches from any of the above parties, the trustee shall engage a third party (such third party may be selected by the certificateholders) to review each such loan to determine if the originator and/or seller are obligated to repurchase the mortgage loan. If, as a result of such review, there is evidence of a breach of a representation and warranty, the trustee will enforce the repurchase obligation, including participating in an arbitration proceeding or other cause of action if necessary. In accordance with the transaction documents, disputes may ultimately be subject to determination made in a related arbitration proceeding. DLJMC Backstop The representations and warranties from the originators remain in effect for the life of the transaction. Except for mortgage loans originated by First Republic, the loans benefit from representations and warranties backstopped by DLJMC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Credit Suisse, in the event of an originator’s bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding, and if the originator fails to cure, repurchase or substitute such breach or loans. Such backstop is, however, subject to sunset provisions, as described below. Sunset Provisions The seller backstop on two representations and warranties with respect to fraud and underwriting shall expire if notice of such breach is not given by 36 months after the Closing Date (or the later of 36 months or 12 months after the expiration of any teaser or IO period, if applicable). These sunset provisions, however, also give consideration to loan performance. The sunsets will only take effect if (1) the borrower has made 36 scheduled payments and (2) the loan has not been reported as 60 days or more delinquent during either the first 36 months post-closing or for any subsequent 36-month period. Other than the underwriting and fraud representations, the rest of the representations and warranties will remain in effect for the life of the transaction. New Penn Guarantor Shellpoint is a Delaware limited liability company and the parent company of New Penn. To the extent that New Penn has insufficient funds to repurchase or remit a substitution amount in connection with a New Penn-originated mortgage loan, Shellpoint will be obligated to contribute funds to New Penn to repurchase or remit a substitution amount for such mortgage loan. In the event the Shellpoint contribution amount is not sufficient to repurchase or remit a substitution amount, DLJMC will be obligated to cure the breach, repurchase the loan or substitute a similar loan. DBRS Viewpoint DBRS reviewed the various aspects of the transaction representations and, in conjunction with a detailed analysis of (1) the quality of the underlying prime mortgage loans, (2) third-party due diligence sample size and results and (3) financial assessment of the entities providing such representations and warranties, formed the following view on the CSMC 2015-WIN1 representations and warranties standard. DBRS views this representations and warranties standard to be consistent with other recently issued CSMC prime jumbo transactions; however, the relatively weak financial strength of certain originators and the sunset provisions on the backstop by DLJMC still demand additional penalties and credit 26 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 enhancement protections. To capture this potential weakness, DBRS discounted the seller backstop and adjusted downward the origination score of certain originators, hence increasing the loss rates. DBRS based its analysis of the representations and warranties standard on the following factors: Strong credit quality of the underlying prime mortgages. The originators will provide standard lifetime representations and warranties with no sunset provisions. Third-party due diligence was conducted on 100% of the pool with satisfactory results, which mitigates the risk of future representations and warranties violations. Automatic reviews for breaches of representations are triggered on any loan that becomes more than 120 days delinquent. All disputes may ultimately be subject to determination made in a related arbitration proceeding. In certain cases, DBRS assigned additional penalties and adjusted certain loan attributes based on thirdparty due diligence results to provide added cushion in its expected losses analysis. Rule 17g-7 Report The Rule 17g-7 Report of Representations and Warranties is hereby incorporated by reference and can be found by clicking on the link or by contacting us at [email protected]. Methodologies Applied The following are the primary methodologies DBRS applied to assign a rating to the above-referenced transaction, which can be found on www.dbrs.com under Methodologies. Alternatively, please contact [email protected] or contact the primary analysts whose information is listed in this report. RMBS Insight 1.2: U.S. Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities Model and Rating Methodology Assessing U.S. RMBS Pools Under the Ability-to-Repay Rules Third-Party Due Diligence Criteria for U.S. RMBS Transactions Representations and Warranties Criteria for U.S. RMBS Transactions Legal Criteria for U.S. Structured Finance In accordance with the operational risk framework outlined in the DBRS RMBS Insight model and rating methodology, the framework takes into consideration aspects of DBRS’s originator and servicer assessment, the results of the third-party due diligence review and the strength of the representations and warranties provided, which may result in a credit or penalty applied to the default and loss severity rates of a mortgage pool. Monitoring and Surveillance The transaction will be monitored in accordance with the DBRS U.S. RMBS Surveillance Methodology. 27 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS CSMC 2015-WIN1 Report Date: January 28, 2015 Notes: All figures are in U.S. dollars unless otherwise noted. Copyright © 2015, DBRS Limited, DBRS, Inc. and DBRS Ratings Limited (collectively, DBRS). All rights reserved. The information upon which DBRS ratings and reports are based is obtained by DBRS from sources DBRS believes to be accurate and reliable. DBRS does not audit the information it receives in connection with the rating process, and it does not and cannot independently verify that information in every instance. The extent of any factual investigation or independent verification depends on facts and circumstances. DBRS ratings, reports and any other information provided by DBRS are provided “as is” and without representation or warranty of any kind. DBRS hereby disclaims any representation or warranty, express or implied, as to the accuracy, timeliness, completeness, merchantability, fitness for any particular purpose or noninfringement of any of such information. In no event shall DBRS or its directors, officers, employees, independent contractors, agents and representatives (collectively, DBRS Representatives) be liable (1) for any inaccuracy, delay, loss of data, interruption in service, error or omission or for any damages resulting therefrom, or (2) for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, compensatory or consequential damages arising from any use of ratings and rating reports or arising from any error (negligent or otherwise) or other circumstance or contingency within or outside the control of DBRS or any DBRS Representative, in connection with or related to obtaining, collecting, compiling, analyzing, interpreting, communicating, publishing or delivering any such information. Ratings and other opinions issued by DBRS are, and must be construed solely as, statements of opinion and not statements of fact as to credit worthiness or recommendations to purchase, sell or hold any securities. A report providing a DBRS rating is neither a prospectus nor a substitute for the information assembled, verified and presented to investors by the issuer and its agents in connection with the sale of the securities. DBRS receives compensation for its rating activities from issuers, insurers, guarantors and/or underwriters of debt securities for assigning ratings and from subscribers to its website. DBRS is not responsible for the content or operation of third party websites accessed through hypertext or other computer links and DBRS shall have no liability to any person or entity for the use of such third party websites. This publication may not be reproduced, retransmitted or distributed in any form without the prior written consent of DBRS. ALL DBRS RATINGS ARE SUBJECT TO DISCLAIMERS AND CERTAIN LIMITATIONS. PLEASE READ THESE DISCLAIMERS AND LIMITATIONS AT http://www.dbrs.com/about/disclaimer. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION REGARDING DBRS RATINGS, INCLUDING DEFINITIONS, POLICIES AND METHODOLOGIES, ARE AVAILABLE ON http://www.dbrs.com. 28 Rating Report – Structured Finance: U.S. RMBS
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