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Name _______________________
Final Examination
PRM 194 Foundations of Leisure and Recreation
Fall 2014
True/False
1. Municipal parks and recreation programs are offering more integrated programs
for persons with disabilities.
Answer: True
2. The future outlook for employment opportunities in local park and recreation
systems is good.
Answer: True
3. A park and recreation district is an autonomous separate unit of government
having a particular purpose.
Answer: True
4. Property taxes account for the largest percentage of all of the revenues collected
by local governments.
Answer: True
5. Most local governments receive the majority of their funding from tax dollars.
Answer: True
6. State/provincial governments are turning to more private/public partnerships to
meet the increasing demand for tourism development.
Answer: True
7. The management philosophy employed in state forests is one of preservation.
Answer: False
8. All fifty states in the United States have state park systems except for Utah
because of Mormon influences.
Answer: False
9. Gifford Pinchot is known as the founder of the U.S. National Park Service.
Answer: False
10. Stephen T. Mather is known as the founder of the U.S. Forest Service.
Answer: False
11. The Tennessee Valley Authority is the only federal agency to manage national
water resources.
Answer: False
12. The Bureau of Land Management uses principles of multiple use and sustained
yield to manage its land holdings.
Answer: True
13. The U.S. National Park Service was established in 1872 with the founding of
Yellowstone National Park.
Answer: False
14. The U.S. National Park Service is responsible for managing the United States
wilderness preservation system.
Answer: True
15. The federal deficit in the United States has severely impacted continued funding
of services.
Answer: True
16. The U.S. federal government coordinates outdoor recreation resources through the
Bureau of Outdoor Recreation.
Answer: False
17. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is responsible for protecting endangered
species, migratory birds, marine mammals and inland sports fisheries.
Answer: True
18. The United States attracts small numbers of international tourists, although their
economic impact is great on the economy.
Answer: False
19. The Land and Water Conservation Fund continues to be a major source of
funding for resource acquisition and development, although finds have been cut in
recent years.
Answer: True
20. Non-profit organizations may divide their assets among members, officers or
directors.
Answer: False
21. A non-profit organization is a legal entity that promotes in some way a public
service orientation.
Answer: True
22. Most non-profit organizations operate with altruistic motives.
Answer: True
23. Most, if not all, non-profit organizations have some type of fund-raising program
in place.
Answer: True
24. Non-profit organizations are prevented by law from selling equipment, clothing,
food and other items that generate revenues for operations.
Answer: False
25. Professionals working in non-profit organizations find greater satisfaction in their
employment than individuals in comparable positions in the public or commercial
sectors.
Answer: True
26. Many churches operate strong youth programs that promote a philosophy of
service, incorporating their beliefs and values.
Answer: True
27. Non-profits take their generic name not from their goals, but from the fact that
distributing profits is not one of their goals.
Answer: True
28. A non-profit organization is usually self-governed by a national board that
achieves their goals by compliance with normative means rather than an exchange
of wages for work.
Answer: False
29. The travel and tourism industry concerns itself with the movement of people to
and from destination areas.
Answer: True
30. The leisure industry is one market area in which profits have declined in the past
decade.
Answer: False
31. One of the fastest growing leisure industries is known as the casino resort.
Answer: True
32. A tourist is an individual who moves from one location to another primarily for
the experience of leisure.
Answer: True
33. In the past decade the number of foreign visitors traveling for pleasure to the
United States has decreased.
Answer: False
34. An adult day care is an example of a community based therapeutic recreation
program.
Answer: True
35. Therapeutic recreation programs are offered in public parks and recreation
departments.
Answer: True
36. A certification test is required to become a CTRS.
Answer: True
37. The right to leisure, self-determination, and quality of life are three broad values
advocated by the National Therapeutic Recreation Society.
Answer: True
38. ATRA advocates recreation as a form of treatment, hence recreation therapy.
Answer: True
39. Legislation related to recreation for persons with disabilities dates back to the
1800s.
Answer: False
40. The American Red Cross played a major role in expanding the use of recreational
activities to treat those who sustained various injuries in military combat during
World War I.
Answer: True
41. A beeper ball is an example of an assistive technology.
Answer: True
42. Because of limited funding there will be a decrease in efforts to mainstream
individuals with disabilities into public recreation opportunities.
Answer: False
43. Tourism is the world’s third largest industry.
Ans: False
Page 299
44. To stay in a hostel, you must be under 25 years of age.
Ans: False
Page: 312
45. More people with disabilities experience recreation activities in a clinical setting
than in a community setting.
Ans: False
Page: 269
46. The TR process is called APIE. It stands for activities, programming,
implementation, and evaluation.
Ans: False
Page: 271
47. Campus recreation facilities and programs are used to enhance the university's
image and attract new students.
Ans: True
Page: 287
48. Fee-based programs are a response to government effort to divest itself of parks
and recreation programs.
Ans: False
Page: 239
49. The Girl Scouts of the U.S.A. are partners with the Boy Scouts of America in
leadership development.
Ans: False
Page: 244–245
50. Recreation's most obvious value is the opportunity it provides for fun, relaxation,
and pleasure.
Ans: True
Page: 186
51. Only recently has recreation been promoted as a means of preventing or reducing
juvenile delinquency.
Ans: False
Page: 191
52. It is estimated that leisure is a $400 billion dollar industry annually, the nation’s
third largest retailer, and the second largest employer behind the health industry.
Ans: True
Page: 200
Multiple Choice
53. This type of legislation is written in a permissive fashion to enable a branch of
government to own, operate or manage park and recreation services?
A.
Regulatory law
B.
Enabling law
C.
D.
Answer: B
Special District law
Home rule legislation
54. Which of the following is a service of a county park system?
A.
Regional park and recreation areas and facilities
B.
Substantial autonomy to provide a service
C.
Organized entity with in a resident population
D.
Taxing power to raise a portion of the revenue
Answer: A
55. Future challenges for state governments in terms of recreation include all the
following EXCEPT:
A.
Decreasing funding sources
B.
Increasing cutbacks on staff
C.
Lacking technology
D.
Creating partnerships
Answer: C
56. The financial resource base of states/provinces includes all the following
EXCEPT:
A.
Taxes
B.
Local property taxes
C.
Fees and charges
D.
Endowments and trusts
Answer: B
57. The primary recreational activities that take place on land managed by state fish
and wildlife agencies are ____________.
A.
Organized youth camps and activities
B.
Hiking and bird watching
C.
Hunting and fishing
D.
Camping and backpacking
Answer: C
58. These types of trails are sometimes called “single track” or primitive trails.
A.
Rail Trails
B.
Water Trails
C.
Recreational Greenway
D.
Backcountry Trails
Answer: C
59. Which of the following states attracts the most visitors to its state park and
recreation areas?
A.
Alaska
B.
California
C.
D.
Answer: B
Florida
New York
60. Which of the following states leads all states in domestic travel expenditures?
A.
Hawaii
B.
California
C.
Florida
D.
New York
Answer: B
61. Of the following, which response best describes the customer orientation of
employees in the federal government?
A.
Bureaucrats
B.
Public servants
C.
Quality managers
D.
Field monitors
Answer: B
62. Which of the following U.S. agencies is responsible for the management of the
federal organization with the largest conservation mandate?
A.
National Park Service
B.
Corps of Engineers
C.
U.S. Forest Service
D.
Bureau of Land Management
Answer: C
63. Which of the following U.S. agencies is responsible for the management of lands
within the original public domain?
A.
National Park Service
B.
Corps of Engineers
C.
U.S. Forest Service
D.
Bureau of Land Management
Answer: D
64. Which of the following U.S. agencies is responsible for the management of the
federal organization with the largest preservation mandate?
A.
National Park Service
B.
Corps of Engineers
C.
U.S. Forest Service
D.
Bureau of Land Management
Answer: A
65. Which of the following is not a part of the National Park Service?
A.
National parks
B.
National preserves
C.
D.
Answer: D
Parkways
Conservation area reserve
66. Which of the following is NOT a basic orientation that non-profit organizations
subscribe to?
A.
Financial benefit
B.
Public benefit
C.
Mutual benefit
D.
Private benefit
Answer: A
67. Which of the following is a religious-sponsor organization?
A.
Boy Scouts of America
B
Boys and Girls Clubs
C.
YMCA of the U.S.A.
D.
Junior Achievement
Answer: C
68. The best definition of a rank and file member operating within a non-profit
organization is __________.
A.
Originator of the organization
B.
Responsible for the overall management leadership
C.
A member of the organization
D.
Volunteer
Answer: C
69. When two or more people voluntarily decide to pool their resources and abilities
and go into business for profit, it is known as __________.
A.
Sole proprietorship
B.
Partnership
C.
Corporation
D.
S-type corporation
Answer: B
70. The two main barriers to leisure participation for individuals with disabilities
include:
A.
Intrinsic and extrinsic
B.
Apathetic and financial
C.
Environmental and attitudinal
D.
Communication and financial
Answer: C
71. This law protects people with disabilities and provides comprehensive guidelines
banning discrimination:
A.
Social Security Act
B.
C.
D.
Answer: C
Vocational Rehabilitation Act
Americans with Disabilities Act
Architectural Barriers Act
72. When someone living in the United States goes to Thailand for vacation, this is
called what sort of tourism?
A. Domestic travel
B. Hospitality
C. Inbound tourism
D. Outbound tourism
Ans. D
Page: 300
73. _______ refers to the vast system of accommodations, food, and beverages that
encompasses hotels, resorts, RV parks, bars, and restaurants.
A. Supplemental attractions
B. Travel
C. Hospitality
D. Commercial recreation
Ans: C
Page: 300
74. Which countries are most likely to have their residents come to the United STates
to visit?
A. France, Germany, Italy
B. Brazil, Canada, Mexico
C. Canada, Mexico, Great Britain
D. Canada, Mexicon, China
Ans: C
Page: 301
75. Visiting Mecca in Saudi Arabis or the Vatican in Rome is an example of what
type of tourism?
A. Cultural
B. Religous
C. Hedonistic
D. Adventure
Ans: B
Page: 308
76. Among hedonistic tourists:
A. Drug-based cultures have shown considerable decline in the last decade.
B. Prostitution is the most heavily regulated outside of the United States.
C. Nude cruises are becoming increasingly more popular.
D. Gambling represents the most popular form of involvement.
Ans: D
Page: 311
77. Attending food festivals, visiting farmers’ markets, or going to wineries is
considered what type of tourism?
A. Hosteling
B. Culinary
C. Food
D. Cultural
Ans: B
Page: 314
78. Leisure sport includes many activities in communities. Which one of the
following would not be traditionally considered a sport?
A. Adult sport leagues
B. Youth sport tournaments and leagues
C. Senior sport leagues
D. Gambling leagues
Ans: D
Page: 323
79. It can generally be inferred that participation in casual team sports is declining.
Which of the following is not a reason for declining casual sport participation?
(Select the statement that is not true).
A. Inner city environments have lost open space
B. Demographics have changed
C. Popular sports can not be engaged in as casual activities
D. Reduction in time for parental supervision
Ans: C
Page: 330
80. Which one of the following is the least significant factor influencing sport
participation?
A. Parents
B. Professional athletes
C. Friends
D. School
Ans: B
Page: 326
81. Two very distinct aspects of TR are the conceptual models and the TR process
that drives practice. The __________ focuses on two areas: (1) treating and
rehabilitating a client after an illness or disability; and (2) maintaining and
enhancing good health.
A. Health Protection–Health Promotion Model
B. APIE
C. Leisure Ability Model
D. Inclusion Model
Ans: A
Page: 271
82. Which of the following specialized leisure services areas focuses on assessment,
planning, implementation, and evaluation?
A. Campus recreation
B. Therapeutic recreation
C. Armed forces recreation
D. Employee services and recreation programs
Ans: B
Page: 271
83. ______ is the involvement and full acceptance of people with disabilities in a
wide range of community settings.
A. Inclusion
B. Special recreation
C. Mainstreaming
D. Americans with Disabilities Act
Ans: A
Page: 276
84. MWR stands for:
A. Military Welfare and Recreation
B. Men and Women in Recreation
C. Morale, Welfare, and Recreation
D. Morality, Winsomeness, and Reality
Ans: C
Page: 277
85. MWR is a part of which specialized leisure services area?
A. Campus recreation
B. Therapeutic recreation
C. Armed forces recreation
D. Employee services and recreation programs
Ans: C
Page: 277
86. Tax funds approved by Congress for recreational expenses are:
A. Appropriated
B. Nonappropriated
C. Amended
D. Referendum
Ans: A
Page: 279-280
87. The four major benefits of the modern leisure-service system are ___. (Select the
most correct response.)
A. Personal values, sociological, economic, environmental
B. Economic, social and community, environmental, personal values
C. Family, economic, social and community, environmental
D. Sociological, social and community, family, environmental
Ans: B
Page: 213
88. The U.S. Forest Service operates from a mandate of multiple use including ___.
(Select the most correct response.)
A. grazing, lumbering, recreation, farming, and hunting
B. mining, grazing. lumbering, recreation, and hunting
C. recreation, lumbering, grazing, farming, and development
D. development, lumbering, recreation, farming, and hunting
Ans: B
Page: 220-221
89. Commercial recreation agencies are primarily distinguished by ____.
A. the ability to provide recreation services that many consider fads
B. the expansion of corporate involvement
C. their direct competition with public park and recreation agencies
D. the profit motive
Ans: D
Page: 252-255
90. Recreation's most obvious value is:
A. The opportunity it provides for fun, relaxation, and pleasure
B. Lasting political impact
C. Eliminating prejudice and discrimination
D. Creating community facilities
Ans: A
Page: 186
91. ____ is what makes living in a community good and is measured by such things
as culture, leisure, and infrastructure.
A. Community health
B. Wellness
C. Quality of life
D. Community well being
Ans: C
Page: 186
92. Personal development includes which of the following?
A. Social development
B. Physical development
C. Emotional development
D. All of the above
Ans: D
Page: 188
93. Which of the following is NOT an example of direct economic impact of a
softball tournament?
A. Park concessions
B. Money spent at a nearby restaurant
C. Umpire salaries
D. Tournament t-shirts for sale
Ans: B
Page: 200
94. (PRM 194, 200, 302, 471) Which of the following is adopted by a professional
organization to govern the conduct of its members?
accreditation
licensure
code of ethics
certification
95. (PRM 194, 471) The success of a park and recreation agency is best measured by
the
size of the budget.
service to its clientele.
physical plant and resources.
qualifications of the staff.
96. (PRM 194, 200, 302) When designing a program for teens, which of the following
activities would best facilitate socialization?
volleyball league
table tennis tournament
swimming lessons
computer class
97. (PRM 194, 200, 302) The inclusion of a library and/or resource center in a
neighborhood recreation facility should be based in the belief that a park and
recreation agency should do which of the following?
Encourage leisure education.
Improve the agency’s image.
Encourage democratic ideals.
Promote self-directed activities.
98. (PRM 194, 200) In developing services for tourists visiting the community, which
of the following community agencies would be best for collaboration with the
park and recreation agency?
United Way
Junior Service League
Chamber of Commerce
American Automobile Association
99. (PRM 194, 200, 471) Which of the following statements best identifies the role of
a supervisor in a parks and recreation agency?
coordinates use of facilities, programs, and personnel
develops long range and immediate goals of the department
teaches recreation skills and applications to participants
communicates program information to the public relations officer
100.
(PRM 194, 200, 302) A recreation supervisor jointly administrates a
program with an alternative school for delinquent youths. The students' favorite
activity is basketball. How should this activity be implemented to accommodate
the youths' needs?
Develop a competitive basketball league.
Organize trips to professional basketball games.
Include homework completion as a condition for participation.
Develop an integrated experience of cultural activities.