CMYK Nxxx,2015-03-06,A,001,Bs-BK,E2_+ Late Edition Today, mostly sunny, very cold, high 27. Tonight, bitterly cold, clouds, low 18. Tomorrow, some sunshine giving way to clouds, high 36. Weather map is on Page A26. VOL. CLXIV . . . No. 56,797 + $2.50 NEW YORK, FRIDAY, MARCH 6, 2015 © 2015 The New York Times FERGUSON REPORT PUTS ‘HANDS UP’ TO REALITY TEST NEWS ANALYSIS Iran as Unlikely Ally A Traditional Foe of the U.S. Becomes Pivotal in the Fight Against ISIS in Iraq RALLYING CRY REVISITED By HELENE COOPER Police and Protesters See Vindication After U.S. Review This article is by Jack Healy, Sheryl Gay Stolberg and Vivian Yee. They were four words that became the national rallying cry of a new civil rights movement: “Hands up, don’t shoot.” Protesters chanted it, arms raised, in cities across the country in solidarity for Michael Brown, the black teenager who some witnesses said was surrendering when he was shot and killed by a white police officer in Ferguson, Mo. The slogan was embraced by members of Congress, recording artists and football players with the St. Louis Rams. It inspired posters and songs, T-shirts and new advocacy groups, a powerful distillation of simmering anger over police violence and racial injustice in Ferguson and beyond. But in its final report this week clearing the police officer, Darren Wilson, of civil rights violations in Mr. Brown’s death, the Justice Department said it may not have happened that way. Attorney General Eric H. Holder Jr. cast doubt on the “hands up” account even as he described Ferguson as having a racially biased police department and justice system. “It remains not only valid — but essential — to question how such a strong alternative version of events was able to take hold so swiftly, and be accepted so readily,” Mr. Holder said Wednesday. For many, the answer to that question was contained in a second Justice Department report released on Wednesday that described in blistering detail how Ferguson had used its police department and court system as moneymaking ventures that disproportionately targeted AfricanContinued on Page A16 LARRY DONNELL, VIA REUTERS A Few Yards From Disaster at La Guardia A Delta jet skidded nearly into Flushing Bay after landing at La Guardia on Thursday. No one was seriously hurt. Larry Donnell, a New York Giant on the flight, snapped this photo. Page A23. Venture Capitalists Under Spotlight in Bias Suit By DAVID STREITFELD SAN FRANCISCO — Speak up — but don’t talk too much. Light up the room — but don’t overshadow others. Be confident and critical — but not cocky or negative. Ellen Pao got a lot of advice about how to succeed in the clubby, hypercompetitive, overwhelmingly male world of venture capital. Her annual evaluations were filled with suggestions about how she could improve and perhaps even advance to the inner circle of Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, the blue-chip firm where she was a junior partner. She would be paid millions and be at the red-hot center of the A Silicon Valley Case Points to a Dearth of Female Leaders crucible of the tech economy. Ms. Pao did not make it. Exactly why is the subject of a lawsuit she filed against Kleiner, which is now being heard in civil court here. Ms. Pao contends she was discriminated against. Kleiner says she failed to improve despite all that coaching and was terminated. The money she might win if Kleiner is found liable is probably trivial in a world where start-up geniuses are worth billions. What is really under examination in this trial is the question of why there are so few women in leadership positions in Silicon Valley. At stake is any hope that the tech world can claim to be a progressive place, or even a fair one. The judge in the trial, which opened on Feb. 23, is allowing the jury to question the witnesses. One anonymous member of the jury put it well this week when he or she asked the star witness, John Doerr, perhaps the most famous and successful venture capitalist in the world and Ms. Pao’s former boss, this question: Were women simply not interested in becoming venture capitalists, “or did the venture capital world Continued on Page B2 WASHINGTON — At a time when President Obama is under political pressure from congressional Republicans over negotiations to rein in Tehran’s nuclear ambitions, a startling paradox has emerged: Mr. Obama is becoming increasingly dependent on Iranian fighters as he tries to contain the Islamic State militant group in Iraq and Syria without committing American ground troops. In the four days since Iranian troops joined 30,000 Iraqi forces to try to wrest Saddam Hussein’s hometown of Tikrit back from Islamic State control, American officials have said the United States is not coordinating with Iran, one of its fiercest global foes, in the fight against a common enemy. That may be technically true. But American war planners have been closely monitoring Iran’s parallel war against the Islamic State, also known as ISIS or ISIL, through a range of channels, including conversations on radio frequencies that each side knows the other is monitoring. And the two militaries frequently seek to avoid conflict in their activities by using Iraqi command centers as an intermediary. As a result, many national security experts say, Iran’s involvement is helping the Iraqis hold the line against Islamic State advances until American military advisers are finished training Iraq’s underperforming armed THAIER AL-SUDANI/REUTERS A Shiite fighter in Salahuddin Province in Iraq this week. De Blasio and Builder Are Close, Shepherd Through Era of Debt, Scandal and 9/11 But Not on Affordable Housing By ROBERT D. McFADDEN By CHARLES V. BAGLI parishes and a majestic seat at St. Patrick’s Cathedral in Manhattan — Cardinal Egan was one of America’s most visible Catholic leaders, invoking prayers for justice when terrorists struck on Sept. 11, 2001, and escorting Pope Benedict XVI on his historic visit to the city in April 2008. A year later, the pope appointed Cardinal Dolan, who was the archbishop of Milwaukee at the time, to replace Cardinal Egan, Continued on Page B14 INTERNATIONAL A4-14 NATIONAL A15-21 WEEKEND C1-30 A Void in Russia’s Opposition 3 Rings, No Elephants Curb Your Hysteria As Russians set up memorials to the opposition figure Boris Y. Nemtsov, left, members of the political opposition find themselves at a crossroads, uncertain about their role, stratPAGE A8 egy or alliances. Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Circus will stop using elephants by 2018, after decades of complaints. PAGE A15 In the deathbed comedy “Fish in the Dark,” Larry David’s Broadway debut as playwright and actor, he plays pret-ty, pret-ty, pret-ty much the same social misfit beloved in “Curb Your EnthusiPAGE C1 asm.” An Ebola Milestone in Liberia Liberia’s last Ebola patient has been discharged, meaning its outbreak could be declared over within weeks if no new cases emerge among people being tracked for possible exposure. PAGE A4 NEW YORK A23-27 Officials Defend Exxon Deal The New Jersey governor’s office, under heavy criticism for accepting a $225 million settlement for environmental damages that were estimated to cost billions, released further information on PAGE A24 the agreement. Reruns in the Cosmos Astronomers say they have been watching the same star blow itself to smithereens again and again. PAGE A3 Echoes of Old Biases The student council’s sharp questioning of a Jewish student has opened an uneasy debate at U.C.L.A. PAGE A15 Militias at the Forefront in the Fight for Tikrit middle class. Mr. Speyer is racing to start work on an $875 million residential complex with three high-rises and nearly 1,800 apartments in Long Island City, Queens, a neighborhood a short subway ride from Manhattan. He must begin the foundations by June 15 to qualify for a 15-year tax abatement worth about $200 million under a tax program known as 421-a that is intended to stimulate construction and generate affordable housing. After mid-June, the program expires or could be renewed with regulations requiring developers to include a higher concentration of affordable housing. But under current rules, Mr. Speyer is one of six developers eligible for the subsidy without having to build a single low-cost unit, because of Continued on Page A24 AWJA, Iraq — All along the green irrigated plains in the heart of what American occupying troops used to call the Sunni triangle, lampposts and watchtowers are flying the flags of the Badr Organization, a Shiite militia long hated and feared by many Iraqi Sunnis. The road from Baghdad to Tikrit is dotted with security checkpoints, many festooned with posters of Iran’s supreme leader and other Shiite figures. They stretch as far north as the village of Awja, the birthplace of Saddam Hussein, on the edge of Tikrit, within sight of the hulking palaces of the former ruler who ruthlessly crushed Shiite dissent. More openly than ever before, Iran’s powerful influence in Iraq has been on display as the counteroffensive against Islamic State militants around Tikrit has unfolded in recent days. At every point, the Iranian-backed militias have taken the lead in the fight against the Islamic State here. Senior Iranian leaders have been openly helping direct the battle, and American officials say Iran’s Revolutionary Guards forces are taking part. Iraqi officials, too, have been unapologetic about the role of the militias. They project confidence about their fighting abilities and declare that how to fight the war is Iraq’s decision, as militia leaders criticize American pressure to rely more on regular forces. On Thursday, as they showed journalists around the outskirts of the battle, leaders of militias and regular forces alike declared that there was no distinction beContinued on Page A14 Shop www.cartier.us MARIO TAMA/GETTY IMAGES Cardinal Edward M. Egan in 2009, the year he stepped down as the archbishop of New York after serving for nine years. Unlike many of his more wary real estate brethren, Rob Speyer moved quickly to build a strong relationship with New York’s liberal mayor, Bill de Blasio, after his election in 2013. The relationship flowered, and Mr. Speyer, whose company owns Rockefeller Center and operates on four continents, was a host at Mayor de Blasio’s birthday party at Gracie Mansion last May. At a real estate gathering five months later, Mr. de Blasio singled out Mr. Speyer, telling the 6,200 attendees that the developer was “tremendously civically oriented.” While enjoying a close relationship, however, the two men do not seem to be on the same page when it comes to the pressing need for affordable housing in a city where rents are soaring beyond the grasp of the poor and TEHRAN’S CLOUT ON FULL DISPLAY By ANNE BARNARD CARDINAL EDWARD M. EGAN, 1932-2015 Cardinal Edward M. Egan, a stern defender of Roman Catholic orthodoxy who presided over the Archdiocese of New York for nine years in an era of troubled finances, changing demographics and an aging, dwindling priesthood shaken by sexual-abuse scandals, died on Thursday in Manhattan. He was 82. Joseph Zwilling, a spokesman for the archdiocese, said the cause was cardiac arrest. Cardinal Egan’s successor, Cardinal Timothy M. Dolan, said in a statement that Cardinal Egan “had a peaceful death, passing away right after lunch” in his home at the Chapel of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary. He was pronounced dead at NYU Langone Medical Center. As archbishop of New York from 2000 to 2009 — spiritual head of a realm of 2.7 million parishioners, an archipelago of 368 forces. “The only way in which the Obama administration can credibly stick with its strategy is by implicitly assuming that the Iranians will carry most of the weight and win the battles on the ground,” said Vali R. Nasr, a former special adviser to Mr. Obama who is now dean of the School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University. “You can’t have your cake and eat it too — the U.S. strategy in Iraq has been successful so far largely because of Iran.” It was Iran that organized Iraq’s Shiite militias last August to break a weeklong Islamic State siege of Amerli, a cluster of farming villages whose Shiite residents faced possible slaughter. American bombs provided support from warplanes. Administration officials were careful to note at the time that the United States was working in Amerli with its allies — namely Iraqi Army units and Kurdish security forces. A senior administration official said that “any coContinued on Page A13 BUSINESS DAY B1-7 Nasdaq Is Back FASHION A22 On the Paris Runways Romance largely reigned in Paris collections filled with flirty dresses and sheer shirts. But Paco Rabanne took another turn, showing designs, left, that evoked the streets. Review by Vanessa Friedman. PAGE A22 The Nasdaq’s return to 5,000 evokes memories of the dot-com bubble, but it’s made up of more mature companies today, James Stewart writes. PAGE B1 EDITORIAL, OP-ED A28-29 David Brooks PAGE A29 U(D54G1D)y+=!"!,!=!, ©2012 Cartier