2013 Seventh Grade Social Studies Exam Study Guide 1. Label the 7 continents. (You may abbreviate) a)________________________ b)________________________ c)________________________ d)________________________ e)________________________ f)________________________ g)________________________ 2. Label the 4 oceans. h)________________________ i)________________________ j)________________________ k)________________________ k f b g h j a c i e d Standard 1 - Exploration and Expansion 3. What were the three reasons that Europeans explored? (3 g’s) ____________________________________ 4. What European country first explored Africa? _________________________________________________ 5. What is an astrolabe? _____________________________________________________________________ 6. What are the three types of colonies? ________________________________________________________ 7. What is the building up of gold and silver to gain power called? ___________________________________ 8. On the map above draw with a RED PEN the triangle that shows the slave trade with the continents involved. Indicate which leg of the triangle was the “Middle Passage.” 9. On what slave ship did a successful mutiny take place? _________________________________________ 10. What is a person who risks money in order to own their own business called? _______________________ Standard 2 - Government 11. What type of government restricts the leader’s power? _________________________________________ 12. What type of government gives the leader total control? _______________________________________ 13. Classify the following types of government as “limited” or “unlimited.” Democracy - __________ absolute monarchy - ______________ Oligarchy - ___________ autocracy - _______________ 14. Name the 3 branches of the U.S. government based on Montesquieu’s philosophy of government? ___________________________ _____________________ ____________________________ 15. Who was removed from the throne of England in the Glorious Revolution? ________________________ 16. What document did William and Mary of England have to sign that was similar to the Magna Carta before they could take the throne of England? ______________________ 17. What king of France set the model for absolutism (he was called The Sun King)? _____________________ 18. What is an absolute monarchy? ___________________________________________________________ 19. Which king of Russia westernized his country? _______________________________________________ 20. John Locke believed people had a right to 3 things. Name them. _________________________________ 21. The Enlightenment thinkers based their beliefs on what? _______________________________________ 22. What Enlightenment thinker believed in the separation of government branches? ____________________ Standard 3 - Revolutions 23. Copernicus established the heliocentric theory. What is the heliocentric theory? ____________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 24. What man proved Copernicus’ theory giving up his freedom for the rest of his life? __________________ 25. In what country did the Industrial Revolution begin? __________________________________________ 26. In what industry did the Industrial Revolution begin? __________________________________________ 27. What was formed to protect workers during the Industrial Revolution? ____________________________ 28. Socialism grew during the Industrial Revolution. What do socialists believe? _______________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 29. Who belonged to each estate in France before the French Revolution? 1st - ________________________ 2nd - __________________________ 3rd - _________________________________________________ 30. What was unfair about the tax laws in France before the French Revolution? _______________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 31. Name the king who was beheaded during the French Revolution. _________________________________ 32. What was the time period called when French people lived in fear of the guillotine? __________________ 33. Napoleon took control of France after a “coup d’etat.” What is a “coup d’etat?”_____________________ 34. Who was the Great Liberator of South America? ______________________________________________ 35. What country was the first to gain its independence in what is called Latin America? _________________ 36. What policy stated that any country trying to establish an imperial empire in the Western Hemisphere would have to answer to the United States? __________________________________________________ 37. How did the sinking of the U.S.S. Maine lead to the Spanish-American War? _______________________ 38. Name three countries that the U.S. gained control of after the War of 1898? ________________________ 39. Who led the unification of Italy? __________________________________________________________ 40. Who led the unification of Germany? _______________________________________________________ 41. Who were Indian soldiers hired by the British East India Company that started a rebellion against the British? ________________________________________________________________________________ 42. What two countries in Africa remained free from imperial control? _______________________________ 43. What continent was almost totally taken over by European imperial countries? ______________________ 44. The Suez Canal provided a shorter route from the Mediterranean Se to the _________________________. 45. What did the Berlin Conference establish in Africa? ____________________________________________ Standard 4 – World Wars 46. What were the MAIN reasons for World War I? ______________________________________________ 47. What was the spark that started World War I? ________________________________________________ 48. Name the countries that made up the Allies of World War I? ____________________________________ _______________________ _____________________________ ________________________ 49. Name the countries that made up the Central Powers of World War I? _____________________________ _______________________ _____________________________ ________________________ 50. What is militarism? _____________________________________________________________________ 51. What treaty ended World War I? __________________________________________________________ 52. What political party took over the government of Russia changing it to communism? __________________ 53. Who was the first communist leader of the Soviet Union? ______________________________________ 54. What is one reason that the League of Nations was unsuccessful? ________________________________ 55. What word means to close itself off to the rest of the world? ____________________________________ 56. What were the years of the Great Depression? ________________________________________________ 57. What happened on October 29, 1929? ______________________________________________________ 58. What two presidents led the U.S. through the Great Depression? _________________________________ 59. What program did Roosevelt implement that helped the US come out of the depression? ______________ 60. How did appeasement help Hitler gain territory? ______________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 61. Name the countries of the Allies during World War II. ____________________ _______________________ __________________ _______________________ 62. Name the countries of the Axis Powers during World War II. ____________________________________ _________________________ __________________________ 63. What was Hitler’s Final Solution? _________________________________________________________ 64. What country was invaded by Allied forces on D-day? _________________________________________ 65. What world peace-keeping organization was created at the end of WWII? __________________________ Standard 5 – The World after WWII 66. What policy stated that communism must be contained at all costs? _______________________________ 67. What alliance was made by communist countries in response to NATO? ___________________________ 68. In what year was the Berlin Wall built? ________________________ 69. What war was fought to keep the communist leader, Ho Chi Minh, from spreading communism throughout the whole country? ______________________________________ 70. What was the outcome of the Korean War? __________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ 71. Who was the first communist leader of China? ________________________________________________ 72. What did the US do to beat the USSR in the Space Race? _______________________________________ 73. In what year did the Soviet Union end? ______________________________________________________ 74. What term means reconstruction in Russian? _________________________________________________ 75. Who was the leader of the Soviet Union that brought a change to his country and ended communism? _______________________________________________________________________________________ 76. Yugoslavia broke up after the Soviet Union fell. Who struggled for power in this region? _______________________________________________________________________________________ Standard 6 – Human Rights 77. What was the system of gov’t in South Africa that kept the races apart and allowed the whites to dominate all the races? ____________________________________________________________________________ 78. Who was the first black president of South Africa? ____________________________________________ 79. Who led the independence of India through non-violent civil disobedience? ________________________ 80. What country was created when India was divided over religious tensions? __________________________ 81. Who led the fight for equal rights for all people in America? ______________________________________ 82. A person who has to flee their home because of war, famine or natural disaster is called what? ___________ 83. The UDHR of 1948 states that all people have a right to what? ____________________________________ 84. The main purpose of NAFTA is to increase trade between what 3 countries? _________________________ __________________________________ ____________________________________ 85. What organization controls most of the oil in the world? _________________________________________ 86. What terrorist group is responsible for many attacks around the world including the World Trade Center? _______________________________________________________________________________________