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Al Siraat
college
Ma’alim-us-Siraat
Level 11: Noon & Meem
Saakinah, Tanween
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Noon Sakinah
and Tanween
A Noon Sakinah is a Noon with a Sukoon:
Tanween includes Dhammatayn, Kasratayn and Fathatayn:
Tanween is considered the same as Noon Sakinah because it sounds just like a
Noon Saakinah. Because of this similarity, the two take the same rules.
There are 4 rules:
1. Idh'haar
2. Idghaam
3. Iqlaab
4. Ikhfaa
Note: Noon Sakinah is spelt the same way as Sukoon (level 5)
1. Idh'haar
Clarity
Idh'haar is to pronounce the letter from its makhraj, clearly and distictly, without
any changes.
When
the
or
or
is followed by any letter of the throat:
is pronounced clearly. There is no ghunnah.
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Example:
1. Spell the first sound: Hamzah Fathah, Noon Sukoon, An.
2. Spell the second sound: 'Ain Fathah, Meem Sukoon, 'Am.
3. Read the two sounds together: An'am.
4. Spell the third sound: Ta Fathah, Ta.
5. Read the sounds together: An'amta
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2. Idghaam
Merging
Idghaam is to merge one letter into another letter.
There are 2 types of Idghaam:
A) Without Ghunnah
B) With Ghunnah
A) Idghaam Without Ghunnah
When
the
or
or
is followed by either of these letters:
is merged into the next letter. There is no ghunnah.
Example:
1. Spell the first sound: Meem Fathah, Laam Sukoon. Mal.
2. Spell the second sound: Laam Fathah, Meem Sukoon. Lam.
3. Read the two sounds together: Mallam
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B) Idghaam With Ghunnah
When
the
or
or
is followed by any of these letters:
is merged into the next letter. There is ghunnah for 2 counts.
Note: The Ghunnah for Noon and Meem is full Ghunnah. The Ghunnah for Waw and Yaa is less.
Example:
1. Spell the first sound: Meem Fathah, Yaa Sukoon. May. (With Ghunnah)
2. Spell the second sound: Yaa Fathah, 'Ain Sukoon. Ya'.
3. Read the two sounds together: Mayya'
4. Read the third sound: Meem Fathah, Laam Sukoon. Mal.
5. Read the sounds together: Mayya'mal
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3. Iqlaab
Changing
Iqlaab is to change a letter from its original makhraj.
When
or
is followed by the letter
the
or
is changed
into a Meem. There is ghunnah for 2 counts. Tanween will look like this when there
is Iqlaab:
. The Noon will have a meem above it, like this:
Example:
1. Spell the first sound: Zhaal Fathah, Meem Sukoon. Zham. (With Ghunnah)
2. Spell the second sound: Baa Kasratayn. Bin.
3. Read the two sounds together: Zhambin.
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Mixed examples
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4. Ikhfaa
Ikhfaa is to hide the noon sound.
When
the
or
or
Hiding
is followed by any of these 15 letters:
is hidden. There is ghunnah for 2 counts.
Method of Ikhfaa: The makhraj of the
or
is ignored and instead
it is pronounced at or near the makhraj of the next letter. The tongue is made
close to the makhraj of the letter of Ikhfaa, ready to pronounce the letter.
Example:
1. Spell the first sound: Hamzah Fathah, Noon Sukoon. An (With Ghunnah and
hiding)
2. Spell the second sound: Taa Dhammah, Meem Sukoon. Tum.
3. Read the two sounds together: Antum
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Meem Sakinah
A Meem Sakinah is a Meem with a Sukoon:
There are 3 rules:
1. Idghaam Shafawee
2. Ikhfaa Shafawee
3. Idh'haar Shafawee
The rules of Meem Sakinah have "Shafawee" attached because the letter Meem
comes from the lips.
Note: Meem Sakinah is spelt the same way as Sukoon (level 5)
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1. Idghaam Shafawee
Merging of the Meem
Idghaam Shafawee is to merge one Meem into another Meem.
When
is followed by another Meem:
, the
is merged into the
second Meem. There is ghunnah for 2 counts.
Example:
1. Spell the first sound: Baa Kasrah. Bi.
2. Spell the second sound: Haa Kasrah, Meem Sukoon. Him.
3. Read the two sounds together: Bihim.
4. Spell the third sound: Meem Fathah, Alif Sukoon. Maa.
5. Read the sounds together: Bihimmaa
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2. Ikhfaa Shafawee
Hiding of the Meem
Ikhfaa Shafawee is to hide the Meem sound when it is followed by a Baa.
When
is followed by the letter
the sound of the
is hidden.
There is ghunnah for 2 counts.
Example:
1. Spell the first sound: Laam Fathah. La.
2. Spell the second sound: Haa Dhammah, Meem Sukoon. Humm (With Ghunnah)
3. Read the two sounds together: Lahumm.
4. Spell the second word: Baa Kasrah. Bi. Haa Fathah, Alif Sukoon. Haa. Bihaa
5. Read the words together: Lahummbihaa
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3. Idh'haar Shafawee
Clarity of the Meem
Idh'haar Shafawee is to pronounce the letter Meem from its makhraj, clearly
and distictly, without any changes.
When
is followed by any letter besides Meem or Baa,
is pronounced
clearly. There is no ghunnah.
Example:
1. Spell the first sound: Yaa Fathah, Meem Sukoon. Yam.
2. Spell the second sound: Laam Kasrah. Li.
3. Read the two sounds together: Yamli.
4. Spell the third sound: Kaaf Dhammah. Ku.
5. Read the sounds together: Yamliku
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