DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE OF MEDICINE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS Dr. E. O. Nwoye, Ag. H.O.D. HISTORY OF THE DEPARTMENT The Department of Biomedical Engineering started in the College of Medicine of the University of Lagos in 1974 as the Biomedical Engineering Unit in collaboration with the University of Liverpool. It became a full-fledged academic department of the College of Medicine in the 2009/2010 session. As the Biomedical Engineering Unit, it was primarily responsible for the repairs and maintenance of engineering facilities and installations within the college. As part of its responsibility, the unit was also training Biomedical Technologists. The unit was equipped with facilities for medical diagnosis and research such as the electron microscope, which was uncommon equipment then, especially in the developing world. The department commenced post graduate programmes in Biomedical Engineering in the 2012/2013 session with the Post Graduate Diploma (PGD) programme. The Master of Science (M.Sc.) Biomedical Engineering programme starts in the 2013/ 2014 session. In addition to running departmental programmes, the Department of Biomedical Engineering has also been involved in the teaching of some undergraduate courses for sister departments in the College. The courses include PST 201 and PST 202 for the Department of Physiotherapy and MLS 310 (Biomedical Engineering) and MLS 412 (Information and communication technology) for the Medical Laboratory Sciences programme of the Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology. The department draws some of its academic staff from several other departments in the University because of the multi-disciplinary nature of the programmes it runs. VISION OF THE DEPARTMENT To provide world class Biomedical Engineering education by leveraging on knowledge in engineering and the sciences to create a synergy that stimulates innovative interdisciplinary cross fertilization of ideas leading to solutions, new technologies and therapies that solve medical and allied problems and improve health care delivery. MISSION OF THE DEPARTMENT 1. Train manpower to provide clinical/technical support for hospitals and medical equipment manufacturers. 2. Produce Engineers capable of undertaking researches into and developing new medical and allied equipment and software. 3. Train personnel who can cope with the rapid development of costly medical equipment in terms of maintenance, and installation. 4. Train Engineers that will be able to offer consultancy services in setting up and reviewing of biomedical facilities in new and existing health institutions. 5. Train manpower with great understanding of bio-compatibility with a view to developing artificial organs and system, new materials and devices. 6. Produce Engineers who will assist the medical team by providing the technological know-how to stabilize the healthcare delivery system and make for self-reliance in health matters in our own environment. ACADEMIC STAFF NAME Dr. E.O. Nwoye Prof. O. Adegbenro Dr. A. A. Osuntoki Dr. F. I. Duru Dr. L. A. Adams Dr. O. O. E. Ajibola Dr. N.M. Ibeabuchi Dr. N. K. Irurhe Dr S.O. Adetona Dr. A. K. Oloyo Dr. A. O. Balogun Engr. S.C. Nwaneri Mr. H. S. A. Olasore QUALIFICATION B.Eng(UNN), M.Sc.(Unilag), Ph.D (Newcastle) B.Sc. (Eng), M.Eng. (Alberta), Dr. Eng (Tohoku), F.N.S.E , MIEICE(Japan) B.Sc. M.Phil., Ph.D (Unilag) MB.BS(U.I.) M.Sc, Ph.D(Unilag) B.Sc. M.Sc. Ph.D.(Unilag), Ph.D.(Texas) B.Sc.(U.I.),M.Sc.,Ph.D (Unilag) MB.BS, M.Sc., Ph.D(Unilag) MBBS, M.Sc.(Unilag), FMCR(Nigeria) B.Sc., M.Sc. Ph.D (Unilag) DESIGNATIO N Senior Lecturer Professor FIELD OF RESEARCH Biomedical telemetry signal and image processing, medical electronics Biomedical Electronics, Digital signal processing E-MAIL ADDRESSES [email protected] [email protected]. ng Associate Professor Associate Professor Associate Professor Biotechnology and Molecular [email protected] Biology u.ng Human Anatomy [email protected] Biomaterials , Nano science [email protected] Senior Lecturer Biomedical Modelling [email protected] Senior Lecturer Human Anatomy Senior Lecturer [email protected]. ng [email protected] B.Sc., M.Sc (U.I.). Ph.D(Unilag) B.Sc., M.Sc. Ph.D.(Unilag) B.Eng., M.Sc.(FUTO) MNSE, R.Eng Lecturer I Assistant Lecturer Radiology and medical imaging Electrical systems simulation and power systems modelling Cardiovascular and renal physiology Power electronic, Electric machines Signal processing and medical electronics B.Sc (OOU), M.Sc.(UI). Assistant Lecturer Molecular biology, Bioinformatics Senior Lecturer Lecturer I [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] TECHNICAL STAFF NAME Mr. M. O. Oseni QUALIFICATION H.N.D,NIST Mr. J E. Muoneke B Tech. MIT, MCSE Mr. E. M. Umoh Dip. In Tech. GTK (London), Mr. M. .A Adeyemo HND, B.Sc. ACA Mr. M. O Orojembi. ND, HND,PGD, MCPN, MNCS, MNIM, R.Eng W. O. Bucknor B Sc. OCP, Dip. (Mrs.) MCP Mr. M. A. HND , MCSE Adesanya Mr. W. K. Ogutuga HND Mr. C. C. Emechebe Trade Test III-I Mr. G. Ogunyinka Cert. in Internet Tech. & Webpage Design. MCP ADMINISRATIVE STAFF Aliu, F. (Mrs.) Dip. Cert. in Sec/Admin. & Computing Gbajavi T. E. (Mrs.) B.SC., ANBC (NABTEC), C.S. II Mr. B. A. Ogunbiyi OCE, OCA, OCP Mr. O. O. Howells OND Business Admin. General Computing DESIGNATION Principal Technical Officer Principal Network Manager Principal Technical Officer Assistant Operation Manager Assistant Operation Manager E-MAIL ADDRESSES [email protected] Programmer I [email protected] Assistant Operation Manager Senior Workshop Supervisor Senior Workshop Supervisor Technical Officer [email protected] Principal Data Processing Officer [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Principal Confidential Secretary Assistant Chief Clerical [email protected] Officer Clerical Officer [email protected] ACADEMIC PROGRAMMES STRUCTURE A. PGD in Biomedical Engineering First Semester Courses Course Code Course Title BME 701 Introduction to Biomedical Engineering BME 702 Basic Biomedical Sciences BME 703 Numerical Methods in Engineering BME 704 Fundamentals of Electrical/Electronics BME 705 Medical Imaging BME 706 Research Seminar Second Semester Courses Course Code Course Title BME 710 Research Methods & Biostatistics BME 711 Introduction to Bio-mechanics BME 712 Biomedical Instrumentation BME 713 Biomaterials & Fabrication BME 720 Research Project Units 3 2 2 2 2 2 Units 2 2 2 3 4 B. M. Sc. in Biomedical Engineering First Semester Compulsory Courses Course Code Course Title BME 801 Introduction to Biomedical Engineering BME 802 Basic Biomedical Sciences BME 803 Research Methods & Biostatistics BME 804 Research Seminar BME 805 Biomaterials & Fabrications Electives (Minimum of 4 units) Course Code Course Title BME 806 BME 807 BME 808 Units 3 2 2 2 3 Units Health Informatics & Management Information System 2 Medical Electronics Medical imaging & Image Processing 2 2 2nd Semester Compulsory Courses Course Code Course Title BME 811 Signals & Systems BME 812 Biomechanics BME 813 Numerical Methods BME 814 Medical Instrumentation BME 850 Research Project BME 815 Neural Networks BME 816 Prosthetics & Artificial Organs Units 2 2 2 2 4 2 2 COURSE DESCRIPTION BME 701: Introduction to Biomedical Engineering Definition, scope, basic principles and problems in biomedical engineering. Applications of technology to Medicine and Biology. Contemporary issues and roles of engineering applied to complex biological systems, Engineering System Design Principles; Introduction to Medical ICT and Telemedicine; Introduction to Bioinformatics, DNA programming techniques, sequence analysis, including alignment of sequence, database search, statistical analysis, phylogenetic trees, scoring matrices, pattern recognition, clustering and structural prediction in bioinformatics. BME 702: Basic Biomedical Sciences This course introduces students to the structure and function of anatomy, physiology, and chemical constituents of living systems. The course provides a system-based review of the structure and function, normal as well as abnormal, of cells, organs and systems. Emphases will be placed on those structures/functions that are important in Biomedical engineering. Case studies will also be included to introduce the importance of medical sciences related to biomedical engineering. Physiology of Body Fluids and excitable Tissues; Nervous and endocrine Systems; Organ systems; general metabolism Homeostasis and thermoregulation(where possible. Theory supported by Practical to demonstrate adequate understanding BME 703: Numerical Methods in Engineering Numerical Analysis: Numerical analysis with applications to the solution of ordinary and partial differential equations. Interpolation formulae, Finite difference & finite elements methods and applications to solution of non-linear equations. Mathematical modelling of biological systems and phenomena. BME 704: Fundamentals of Electrical/Electronic Engineering (Medical Electronics) 1. Introduction to electronic components and design using measuring Instruments, diode and rectification, simple power supplies, DC operating points of single stage bipolar and field effect transistor amplifiers and basic operational amplifier configurations-theory supported by practical including soldered and proto-board project 2. The place of network theory in Electrical Engineering – Network problems arising in Energy distribution, value and transistor circuits, rotating machines and communication systems. Methods of analysis suitable for the problems in 1 in Terms of currents, voltages energy or volt-amperes and insertion loss. Modelling and application of electronic components in circuit design and analysis, Unregulated and regulated linear power supplies with transistor and operational amplifier; Analysis and design of electronic system through multistage amplifier modelling, feedback configuration, time and frequency domain in amplifier system and oscillator circuits. Design and analysis of electronic subsystem by making use of basic building block of analogue integrated circuits- The use of PSPICES software is essential- through practical project. Electromechanical energy conversion devices-principles and Operations. Electrodes and Transducer; Introduction to Sensors and Bioelectric signal and systems, ( the learner must have working knowledge of the use of signal generator and oscilloscope) 3. 4. BME 705: Medical Imaging and Signal Processing Introduction to signal processing; continuous time signals; Laplace transform. Z-transform, Fourier series, sampling and sampling theorem. Introduction to Imaging Physics; Definition of Image; Image as a signal; Psychophysics of vision. Properties of images, Sampling, Digitizing and displaying images; Geometric and algebraic processing, Spatial filtering; Image coding and transmission, Binary image analysis, Segmentation, Description of lines and shapes. Representation. Software and Hardware system Scene analysis. Application. Types of Images: Radiographic & Photographic images; Scanning of an Image by an Aperture; Image processing, Resolution, modulation, transfer function, Interference & Intensity. Digitization and Reconstruction of Images; Basic theory and physics of medical imaging; Interaction of Radiation with matter; unclear magnetic resonance. BME 706: Research Seminar Hands-on software and hardware building. Student teams conceive, design, specify, implement, evaluate, and report on a software and hardware project in the domain of biomedicine. Creating written proposals, peer review, providing status reports, and preparing final reports. Guest lectures from professional biomedical or bio-informatics systems builders on issues related to the process of project management or Software engineering basics. BME 710: Research (R &D) Methods in Biomedical Engineering Topics include but not limited to: How to develop a research question Developing a research design Methodology Methods of data collection Sampling Ethics Validity, Reliability, Rigor Techniques of data collection (For example, how to conduct a good interview) BME 711: Introduction to Bio-mechanics Introduction to static and dynamic in Biomaterials. Distributed forces and forces at a point. Forces acting on bone joints muscles and body tissues. Forces acting on prosthetics appliances and general action of muscle forces within human body during normal and abnormal times. Stress and Strain Analysis of particular part of human body, bone, muscles, tissues and ligaments. Pressure on human body. Biomechanical support system and surfaces. Mechanical behaviour of biological materials such as soft tissue and bone. Dental prosthetics and mechanics of dental materials involved in chewing process forces. Tensor analysis equations by application of basic laws of conservation of mass, energy and momentum in mechanic and thermodynamics. Mechanics of artificial limbs and body motion. BME 712: Biomedical Instrumentation The lecture will include all instrument used in biomedical engineering (and/or some electronic engineering practice instrumentation). Pre-knowledge of the following measuring instrument are essential: Multimeter – Dc-multimeter, Ac-multimeter; Digital Multimeter (DMM); Theory and construction; operation, analysis, reading error and accuracy. Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO): Theory & construction, operations (voltage sweep, synchronization, triggering, multi-trace) measurement (Time, Amplitude & pulse width). Signal Generator – waveform generation. Waveform Analyzer Instrumentation Amplifiers – Op. AMP. Differential Amp, etc. Basic Concepts of Medical Instrumentation: Generalised Medical Instrumentation System, Design and construction criteria, operation and characteristics; Commercial Medical Instrumentation Development process, and Medical Instrument Regulations; Basic Sensors and Transducers: Types, principles and operation: Biopotential-Biopotential Electrodes and Amplifiers; Measurement of Body Parameters; Therapeutic, Monitoring and Prosthetic Devices; Safety in Biomedical Instrumentation. BME 713: Biomaterials & Fabrication LAB Introduction to materials used in Clinical/Biomedical Engineering: Types of biomaterials – metals, ceramics plastic/polyethylene and composite materials etc. The use of implantable materials. Bio-compatibility, Factors affecting Biomaterials – corrosion and crack propagation; Tissue Growth into biomaterial. Fabrication of simple laboratory/medical equipment or devices etc BME 720: Research Project The student will apply the principles of engineering or bioinformatics design to produce products which meet functional needs of people with Medical disabilities design and construct either as a team or individually, a working prototype of a new device which solves a problem without current solution. A Thesis will be produced and the format of the Thesis will be according to the PG School standard as outlined below: BME 801: Introduction to Biomedical Engineering Definition, scope, basic principles and problems in biomedical engineering. Applications of technology to Medicine and Biology. Contemporary issues and roles of engineering applied to complex biological systems, DNA & Protein Bioinformatics. Introduction to basic programming techniques, sequence analysis, including alignment of sequence, database search, statistical analysis, phylogenetic trees, scoring matrices, pattern recognition, clustering and structural prediction in bioinformatics. BME 802: Basic Biomedical Sciences This course introduces students to the structure and function of anatomy, physiology, and chemical constituents of living systems. The course provides a system-based review of the structure and function, normal as well as abnormal, of cells, organs and systems. Emphases will be placed on those structures/functions that are important in biomedical engineering. Case studies will also be included to introduce the importance of medical sciences related to biomedical engineering.Physiology of Body Fluids and excitable Tissues; Nervous and endocrine Systems; Organ Systems; general metabolism Homeostasis and thermoregulation BME 803: Research Methods & Biostatistics Statistical techniques used for analysis of basic and clinical/Biomedical Engineering Data - Probability theory - Sampling theory - Hypothesis Testing - ANOVA - Non-Parametric Methods - Computer Applications - SPSS and Epi-info software BME 804: Research Seminar This will include Modern Topics in Biomedical Engineering & Bioinformatics to be delivered in two (2) seminars and Term papers. The objective is to train graduate students how to search for information, technical writing and presentation of scientific information. BME 805: Biomaterials & Fabrication Introduction to materials used in Biomedical Engineering; The use of Implantable materials; Biocompatibility; Factors affecting Biomaterials-Corrosion, crack propagation; Tissue growth into Biomaterial, Fabrication of laboratory/medical equipment or devices etc. BME 806: Health Informatics & Management Information System Use of health information; health and hospital information systems; database design; data storage and retrieval; clinical decision-making; telemedicine; expert systems; regulation and quality control of software; commonly used software packages. Computer Networks; Network simulation in hospital environment, software development, E-Health & m-Health in health care delivery. BME 807: Medical Electronics IC devices & Memories, MPU, ADC,DAC, programmers (e.g EPROM) and development system controllers, sequences and multiplexers,. Practical Electronic circuit design and implementation. Design and implementation of electronic aspects of medical devices,, Design of active filters, Oscillators and multiplier circuits,PCB fabrications, Optoelectronics & Bio-photonics. BME 808: Medical Imaging and Image Processing An introduction to the physics and engineering principles involved in the acquisition and processing of medical images Sampling, Digitizing & Displaying images; Geometric and algebraic processing; Spatial filtering ;Image coding and transmission; Binary image analysis, segmentation, Description of Lines and shapes representation; Software and hardware system scene analysis; X-ray Imaging, Computed Pornography; Ultrasound; Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Methods of Medical Imaging: Ultra sound imaging technique; Ultrasonic imaging techniques; Nuclear medicine; X-ray imaging techniques; Radiographic, Mammographic and Tomographic systems and principles of sonography; Principles of digital Radiographic system using kinestatic charge detector; physical and Electronic mechanisms for collection of ionic signals; Effect of noise on medical images; Enhancement and performance of diagnostic imaging. Radio therapeutic techniques. BME 811: Signals & Systems Complex numbers, signals, time-domain representations of continuous-time (CT) signals, signal operations, power and energy Systems and their properties, impulse responses, convolution LTI systems and their properties, time-domain analysis of LTI systems; Fourier transform and its properties, modulation theorem, convolution theorem Frequency response of LTI systems, continuous-time Fourier series, frequency domain analysis of periodic CT signals Bandwidth, sampling and sampling theorem, signal quantization, encoding, and reconstruction; Discrete-time signals and their properties, time-domain analysis of DT signals; Time-domain analysis of DT systems, Discrete-time Fourier serie;Discrete-time Fourier Transform;: Frequency-domain analysis of Discrete-time signals and systems; Baseband and bandpass signals, amplitude modulation, frequency modulations,;frequency-division multiplexing; Laplace transform, transient responses, block diagram, transfer function (time allowed) BME 812: Biomechanics Body segment parameters; joint forces and torques; kinetic data collection; computer techniques of data acquisition and analysis; electromyography, introduction to muscle, joint and bone force optimization techniques; rheology of bones, cartilage and collagenous tissues; fracture mechanics; joint lubrication & wear ;properties of Biomaterials; stress analysis ;design of artificial joints; tissue response to implanted materials ;implanted failure analysis; biomechanics of human gait(walking and running) in health and disease BME 813: Numerical Methods Numerical Analysis: Numerical analysis with application in the solution of ordinary differential equations and potentials differential equations, Interpolation Formulae, finite difference and finite element methods, application to solution of non-linear equations, mathematical modeling & Simulations BME 814: Medical Instrumentation Medical device nomenclature and classification; design factors and generic models for medical instrumentation; generalized specifications; overview of commonly encountered diagnostic monitoring & therapeutic medical equipment. BME 815: Neural Networks Experimental and theoretical applications of neural networks to cognitive memory, pattern recognition, speech recognition, and self-learning, adaptive control systems. BME 816: Prosthetics & Artificial Organs Basic concepts of biological prosthetic systems and artificial organs; Functional electrical stimulation; Restoration of movement of paralyzed arms and legs; Design of implantable devices and systems; Replacements of kidney, lung, heart, and other organ functions and their electrical, mechanical, materials, chemical, pathological and surgical aspects. OTHER PROGRAMMES The department also runs a Diploma programme in Biomedical Engineering in conjunction with the Human Resources Development Centre of the University of Lagos. This programme targets young school leavers, hospital technologists, medical equipment users and manufacturers. UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS COLLEGE OF MEDICINE DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING CURRICULUM OFFICES OF THE UNIVERSITY, COLLEGE AND FACULTY PRINCIPAL OFFICERS OF THE UNIVERSITY i. The Vice-Chancellor of the University: Professor R.A.Bello ii. The Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Academic & Research): Prof. B. Alo iii. The Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Management Sciences) Prof. D. Oni iv. The Registrar: Dr.(Mrs) T.F. Ipaye v. The Librarian: Dr.(Mrs)O. A. Fadehan vi. The Bursar: L.A. Adekunle OFFICERS OF THE COLLEGE AND FAULTY i. The Provost of the College: Prof.(Mrs) F.T. Ogunsola ii. Deputy Provost: Prof. A.O. Okanlawan iii. Dean of Basic Medical Sciences: Prof. O.O. Adeyemi iv. College Secretary: I.O Azeez(Esq.) v. The Librarian: H.O.J. Akinade vi. Director of Finance: N.O.A. Lawal vii. College Engineer: N.I. Shobande(Engr.) 2 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE DEPARTMENT VICE CHANCELLOR PROVOST CMUL DEAN FBMS HEAD OF DEPARTMENT WELFARE COMMITTEE A&P COMMITTEE ACADEMIC STAFF PROFESSOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF SENIOR TYPIST GRADE I OFFICE ASSISTANT SENIOR LECTURER EXAMINATION COMMITTEE LECTURER GRADE I LECTURER GRADE II ASSISTANT LECTURER ACCREDIATATION COMMITTEE TECHNICAL STAFF PRINCIPAL TECHNICAL OFFICER NETWORK MANAGER SYSTEM ANALYST COMPUTER/NETWO RK MAINTENACE OFFICER SENIOR WORKSHOP SUPERVISOR WORKSHOP SUPERVISOR PROGRAMMER 3 ACADEMIC STAFF S/N 1. NAME Dr. E.O. Nwoye QUALIFICATION B.Eng.(Nig.), M.Sc (Lagos), Ph.D (England) 2. Engr. S.C Nwaneri B.Eng., M.Sc. (Owerri),R.Eng. MNSE STATUS Senior Lecturer & Ag. Head Assistant Lecturer 3. Dr. A. A. Osuntoki B.Sc., M.Phil., PhD(Lagos) Associate Professor 3. Prof. O. Adegbenro 4. 5 6 7 8. Mr. H.S.A Olasore Dr. Adeola Balogun Dr. N. M Ibeabuchi Dr. O.O.E. Ajibola Dr. M.A. Aweda B.Sc (Eng.) (Lagos), M. Eng. (Alberta), Dr. Eng. (Tohoku), F.N.S.E., M.I.E.I.C.E. (Japan) B.Sc. M.Sc.(Ibadan) B.Sc. M.Sc (Lagos) MB.BS (Lagos), M.Sc. PhD (Lagos) B.Sc. M.Sc. PhD B.Sc, M.Sc, Ph.D (Toul) Professor Assistant Lecturer Associate Lecturer Senior Lecturer Lecturer 1 Senior Lecturer TECHNICAL STAFF NAME POST M.A. Oseni J. E. Muoneke E.M Umoh M.A. Adeyemo M.O. Orojembi(Engr.) A.O. Adesanya W.K. Ogutuga C.C. Emechebe W. Bucknor G. Ogunyinka Principal Technical Officer Principal Network Manager Principal Technical Officer Assistant Operations Manager Assistant Operations Manager Assistant Operations Manager Senior Workshop Supervisor Workshop Supervisor Programmer Technical Officer ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF NAME POST T. Gbajavi(Mrs) Principal Confidential Secretary F. Aliu(Mrs) Principal Data Processing Officer B.A. Ogunbiyi Assistant Chief Clerical Officer O.O. Howells Clerical Officer 1 4 THE HISTORY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE OF MEDICINE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS The department of Biomedical Engineering started in the College of Medicine of the University of Lagos in the 1981/82 session as the Biomedical Engineering Unit in collaboration with the University of Liverpool. As the Biomedical Engineering Unit, it was created to be primarily responsible for the repairs and maintenance of engineering facilities and installations within the college. As part of its responsibility, the unit was also training Biomedical Technologists through training courses that 5were run by the unit. The unit was also equipped with facilities for medical diagnosis and research such as the electron microscope, which was uncommon equipment especially in the developing world. The effort to make the Unit a full-fledged academic department of the college of Medicine finally materialized in the 2009/2010 session. The now Department of Biomedical Engineering and Bioinformatics is fully equipped with all necessary facilities, including the manpower to run academic programs leading to a Bachelor of Science degree in Biomedical Engineering and Bioinformatics. The staff strength has grown to 14, made up of the academic, technical and administrative staff. Apart from the academic programs being run by the department, the department is also responsible for the management of the internet service and the Medical ICT for the entire College of Medicine. The department is running a staff development training in ICT for the acquisition of ICT skills. The courses include but not limited to Computer Appreciation, Microsoft Office suite (Basic and Advanced), statistical packages-SPSS and Internet Applications and Uses. Through the department, the college of medicine has been able to standardize the internet facility which has now been expanded to cover nearly all the offices, unit and posts. The browsing time is now 24 hours daily if electricity is available. The college portal has also been developed for students online registration and academic staff can upload their lectures in their webpage for their students. This portal is meant to be used for both Problem Based Learning (PBL)and Student Centered Learning and Teaching (SCLT). Other technical services provided by the department include: Medical Imaging and Image Processing, Computational Biology Laboratory Services and glass blowing and cutting. There are also plans to start developing biomaterials for medical use such as in prosthesis development. Considering the low manpower training and the availability of expertise in the areas of Biomedical Engineering and Bioinformatics in Nigeria, this department is set to be the pathfinder in manpower development in these areas. Up till today, the department is still keeping up with its staff development training programs, to keep the long standing tradition. The department is also well positioned to meet the future challenges of these fields of study in terms of research and development for improved health care delivery. 5 THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (BSC.) DEGREES IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEEERING AND BIOINFORMATICS PROGRAMS EDUCATIONAL AIMS OF THE PROGRAMME Biomedical Engineering is the application of engineering, sciences and technology to find solution to the problems in Biology and Medicine. It is a multi-disciplinary course encompassing expertise in the fields of life sciences, physical sciences, engineering, mathematics and medical sciences. It is relatively a new field with wide recognition and many universities all over the world have created departments for this discipline at both the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Efficient healthcare delivery depends a lot on this application as technology gives definition to all aspects of human activities now and in the future. In the developed world, all aspects of healthcare delivery are technology based for efficiency. The biomedical engineer is not to replace the physician but as an adjunct to make healthcare delivery simple, and precise and to create the basis for developing new approaches to solving a wide range of medical and biological problems from imaging-based studies of human body functions to the development of artificial organs and allied equipment. The undergraduate programme is based in the College of Medicine of the University of Lagos where extensive facilities exist. The foundation courses are offered by the Faculties of Science, Engineering and the Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, leading to the award of Bachelor of Science, (Biomedical Engineering or Bioinformatics) degree recognized by the Nigerian Society of Engineers (NSE), and registrable by the Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria(COREN). Goals (a) To provide the graduate with a breath of knowledge and expertise that will be highly sought by prospective employers in the Biomedical Engineering area; (b) To provide a route, which will enable students to gain a professional qualification, which is highly respected and which have a high demand in the job market. OBJECTIVES The undergraduate program is multi-disciplinary in nature with the following set objectives; to: 1. 2. 3. Train manpower to provide clinical/technical support for hospitals and medical equipment manufacturers. Produce engineers/bioinformaticians capable of undertaking researches into and developing new medical and allied equipment. Train personnel who can cope with the rapid development of costly medical equipment in terms of maintenance, and installation. 6 4. 5. 6. Train engineers/bioinformaticians that will be able to offer consultancy services in setting up and reviewing of biomedical facilities in new and existing health institutions. Train manpower with great understanding of bio-compatibility with a view to developing artificial organs and system, new materials and devices. Produce engineers/bioinformaticians who will assist the medical team by providing the technological know-how to stabilize the healthcare delivery system and make for selfreliance in health matters in our own environment. RATIONALE AND JUSTIFICATION The technological growth of any country depends to a large extent on the ingenuity of its high calibre technical manpower. For a well-trained and conscientious biomedical engineer, challenging and interesting job opportunities abound in Nigeria as well as overseas. This ranges from the design, development, production, operation, installation and maintenance of hospital and general instruments and equipment to management. Career opportunities are plentiful for biomedical engineers, as there are rapid development of costly medical equipment and instrument in hospitals and allied industries. Graduates of biomedical engineering will be employed by hospitals, medical equipment manufacturers, computer companies, universities and medical research organizations and/or any other fields as may be applicable to electrical/electronic, computer or instrument engineers. He/she can go on to medical school and become a physician. INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOME The learning outcomes are outlined by level and are given below: 200 LEVEL - Provide the fundamental knowledge of engineering sciences, computing methods, mathematics and statistics needed for honours degree study of the biomedical engineering. - Equip the student with the laboratory and computational skills needed for honours degree study of the biomedical engineering and bioinformatics - Help the student to develop computer, data analysis and statistical skills necessary for biomedical engineering. - Introduce the student to the nature, purpose and organization of biomedical engineering. 300 LEVEL - Provide the fundamental knowledge of anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, cell biology and genetics, chemistry, microbiology, mathematics and statistics needed for honours degree study of the biomedical engineering. - Equip the student with the laboratory and computational skills needed for honours degree study of the biomedical engineering. - Help the student to develop programming skill needed to simulated biological phenomena necessary for biomedical engineering and bioinformatics. - Introduce the student to the nature, purpose and organization of biomedical engineering. 7 400 LEVEL - Provide a detailed understanding of the biomedical engineering and biomedical informatics further understanding of the physiology operation and organization of the human body. - Provide the student with theoretical understanding of, and practical competence in, and discipline of laboratory pathology; immunology, metabolic biochemistry and molecular genetics, medical microbiology and drug design. - Enable the students to describe the social and cultural factors influencing the prevalence and transmission of disease in human populations and real time surveillance of disease outbreaks. - Enable the students to evaluate, select and apply different laboratory techniques to analytical problems. 500 LEVEL - Enable the students to evaluate, select and analyze biomedical phenomenon that will help to improve healthcare. - Provide an understanding of advanced biomedical engineering and bioinformatics topics needed for honors degree study of the biochemical engineering and bioinformatics. - Enable the student to understand the courses and effects of disease processes and body functions. - Enable the student to apply the principle of genetics and bio-computing in the investigation of representative disease states and advance treatment using appropriate technology. - Enable the student to apply the principles of analytical science to the study of molecules of biochemical relevance. - Foster the development of the intellectual, organizational and communication skills appropriate for an honors graduate through the project module. ADMISSION REQUIREMENT The Department offers a five years programme for the Bachelor of Science, B.Sc (Hons) degree in Biomedical Engineering and Bioinformatics. In order to be eligible for admission, a candidate who must have completed his/her Secondary School Education would be required to have obtained at least one of the following qualifications in not more than two sittings. 1. (i) (ii) WASC/SSCE/NECO or equivalent with credits in at least five Subjects, which include English Language, MathematicsFurther Mathematics, Biology, Chemistry and Physics. GCE (O’Level) or its equivalent with credits in at least five subjects as in (i) above. In addition, a candidate must pass the Joint Admission and Matriculation Examination (UME) in the following subjects: Use of English Language, Chemistry, Physics, Mathematics or Biology. 2. Alternatively, a candidate with (a) Pass at Advanced Level in the General Certificate of Education or Higher School Certificate in any 3 of the following subjects: Physics or Mathematics, Chemistry, Biology. (b) A degree in related discipline may apply for Direct Entry through the Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB). 8 (c) Candidates with MBBS wishing to acquire Engineering knowledge for research will be considered for admission at 200 level, through waiver or special consideration. REGULATIONS GOVERNING FIRST DEGREE PROGRAMME FOR THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONS) IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING OR BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS 1 GENERAL 1. An integrated programme of courses is provided leading to the award of Bachelor of Science (Hons) Biomedical Engineering denoted by the letter B.Sc. (Hons) Biomedical Engineering. 2. i. iv. The integrated programme shall normally extend over a minimum period of five (5) academic years. ii. The maximum period of study permissible for the Bachelor of Science Programme shall be six (6) academic years through Direct Entry and eight (8) academic years by JAMB. iii. The minimum load permissible per semester is 16 units, whilst the maximum load is 24 units. Senate may, on the recommendation of the Academic Board, permit students to carry less than the minimum load or more than the maximum load. 3. Instruction is by courses, specified into course units. 4. DEFINITION OF A COURSE UNIT One course Unit is defined as a series of one-hour lectures per week, per semester or a series of laboratory or practical classes three-hour per week, per semester, or an equivalent combination of these types of instruction. 5. COURSE LEVELS There shall be five levels of undergraduate courses, as follows: (a) 100-199 Level leading to Part 1 Bachelor Degree 200-299 Level leading to Part II Bachelor Degree 300-399 Level leading to Part III Bachelor Degree 400-499 Level leading to Part IV Bachelor Degree 500-599 Level leading to Part V Bachelor Degree (b) Students admitted for the five-year Bachelor of Science Degree Programme shall normally start at the 100 – level courses. (c). Senate may, on the recommendation of the School Board through Academic Board permit students to start at other levels of courses. 9 6. SUBJECT CODES Subjects offered in the University of Lagos and the Faculty of Basic Medical Science are identified by three letter codes, such as follows: (a) Subjects: Pharmaceutical Chemistry PCH Biomedical Engineering BME Electronic/Electrical Engineering EEG General Engineering GEG Computer Science Course CSC Anatomy ANA Physiology PHG General African Science GAS Engineering Analysis EAG Biomedical Informatics BMI Biochemistry BCH 7 COURSE LOADING No course shall carry less than one or more than four course units except industrial attachment/training experience. 8 PRE-REQUISITE COURSES (a). A pre-requisite course is one, which must be taken before a higher level course. All pre-requisite courses are as stated in the course syllabus. (b) A pre-requisite course or courses may be waived for suitably qualified candidate by decision of Senate, upon the recommendation of the Academic Board. (c) A compulsory course is one which must be registered for and passed by a student to obtain the degree, and is counted towards his/her classification of the degree. (d). An elective or optional course is one which may be taken to make up the minimum requirement of units allowed by the regulations. (e). A University course requirement is a course which must be registered for and passed before a degree is awarded, but it is not counted towards the degree classification, e.g. General African Studies. GRADUATION REQUIREMENTS To be eligible for the award of the degree, a student must pass a minimum total of 160 Units in a five-year programme inclusive of the University course requirements. COURSE UNITS DISTRIBUTION 10 (a) Distribution and concentration requirements are satisfied when a student has completed the courses as specified in addition to the University requirements, which are General African Studies. (b) All courses require for the B.Sc.(Hons) Biomedical Engineering degree or Biomedical Informatics degree must be taken. Any deviations from the specified requirements may not be permitted except by the approval of Senate, upon the recommendation of the Academic Board. (c) The requirements of this section shall be subject to change arising from regular curriculum reviews in accordance with the University Regulations. ADMISSION AND WITHDRAWAL FROM COURSES Admission into courses closes at the end of the fourth full week of each semester. In exceptional circumstances such as ill health, permission may be granted for a student to be admitted later than the fourth week, provided that acceptable written evidence has been provided on behalf of the student. EXAMINATIONS In-Course Assessments: There shall be an In-course Assessment for each course at the middle or end of a semester. The Incourse Assessment carries a grading of 30% of the total examination marks. Semester Examinations Each course is examined at the end of the semester in which it is offered or at the end of the session. The length of any examination shall be a period of not less than 1 hour and not more than 3 hours except in the case of practical or oral examinations. Internal Examiners (a) There shall be a Panel of Departmental Examiners in each subject area, and the Head of the Department shall be the Chief Examiner. (b) For each subject area, the Internal Examiners shall be those who teach the various courses not below the grade of Lecturer II, who shall set, moderate the questions, mark the answer scripts and compute the results. They shall also jointly sign the examination result, which shall also be signed by the External Examiner in the subject areas. (c) The Head of department shall present the signed examination results of his/her department for consideration at the meeting of the College/Faculty Board of Examiners. External Examiners In accordance with the University regulations, External examiners would normally be invited to examine in all subject areas at the end of the Session. Examination questions are to be vetted and approved by the External examiners before the examinations. However,, both 1st and 2nd Semester examination result will be considered together at the end of the Session, after the External Examiners have gone through the marked scripts of both examinations. 11 Grading of courses All theory courses and practical shall be evaluated by examinations to be taken on completion of the course, or at the end of semester or Session. Each course unit shall be graded out of a maximum of 100 marks. For a course, this shall be made up of 30% for the in-course assessment, and 70% for the final examination. The mark obtained in each course shall be assigned the appropriate Letter Grade Points as follows: MARK % 70-100 60-69 50-59 45-49 40-44 0-39 LETTER GRADE A B C D E F GRADE POINTS (GP) 5 4 3 2 1 0 Pass mark shall be 40% After the eight weeks of a semester, a student who fails to complete the requirements for any course or courses owing to unforeseen reasons – approved by the senate –would be given the Incomplete (I) grade Transcripts of examination scores shall be issued to students as appropriate at the end of Semester or Session. Project (Compulsory) Each student would be expected to do a project in a subject area of his\her own choice. Projects are to be discussed at departmental meetings by members of academic staff and supervisor assigned to each student/project. The project must involve simple research topics in which students would be expected to carry out literature reviews, design, construction where it is required, experimental procedures, analysis and conclusions from data obtained. The projects are to be presented in a type written and bound form, to cover 30-60 pages. Each student will be expected to give a seminar on his or her project, and also to appear for an oral examination before the Panel of Departmental/External Examiners as part of the examination in the final year. A mark will be awarded for the project after the oral examination. Classification of Degrees The classification of the B.Sc (Hons) Biomedical Engineering & Bioinformatics Degree shall be based on the weighted Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) as follows: 1st Class CGPA 4.50- 5.00 2nd Class Upper CGPA 3.5-4.49 2nd Class Lower CGPA 2.40-3.49 12 3rd Class CGPA 1.50-2.39 Pass CGPA 1.00-1.49 The cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) shall be obtained by: i. Multiplying the Grade point assigned to the letter grade obtained in each course by the number of units assigned to the course, to arrive at the weighted score for each course. ii. Adding together the weighted score by the total number of units. Pass Degree Any student who has fulfilled all the course requirements but who obtains a Grade Point Average between 1.00 and 1.49 will be deemed to have obtained a pass degree. Interpretation of Results a. A student shall be in good standing as long as the GPA and CGPA are not below 1.00. b. A student shall be given a Warning if the semester GPA and CGPA is below 1.00. c. A student on warning shall be placed on probation if the CGPA is below 1.00 at the end of the semester or session. The period of probation is two semesters of one session. Such a student will be on the same course level for which he/she is on probation. d. A student on probation shall be asked to withdraw from the course if at the end of the period of probation the CGPA is still below 1.00. Probation and Withdrawal a. Repeat Course: There shall normally be no re-sit examination except the department decides otherwise. A student shall repeat the failed course when it is next offered by the department. b. Carry-Over Courses A student shall not carry-over more than 12 units per session. COMPATIBILITY WITH INSTITUTIONAL MISSION Degree-level training in Biomedical engineering is desirable in the country at this time to help train professionals who can diagnose and proffer solutions from their professional perspective to the plight to the increasing number of vulnerable persons and groups in our society whose living conditions are threatened by the myriads of health problems around us. The programme will complement the efforts and response of the other branches of basic medical sciences to problem health insecurity, by training high caliber personnel that will conduct research in biomedical engineering to ameliorate the problems associated with proper clinical diagnosis and health insecurity. 13 LIST, STATUS AND QUALIFICATION OF STAFF The academic staff will be drawn from the several other departments in the University mainly because of the multi-disciplinary nature of the program. Below is the departmental staff list with designation: This list is not exhaustive and subject to review from time to time. COURSE STRUCTURE The programme is a five (5) - year course structured as follows: 100 level 200 level - 300 level - 400 level 500 level - Basic Sciences and Mathematics. This is based in the Faculty of Science. Basic electrical/Electronic Engineering and Computer Science. Based in the Faculty of Engineering and the Faculty of Science, and College of Medicine Basic Medical Sciences/Electronics and Instrumentation based in the College of Medicine (School of Basic Medical Science). Biomedical Engineering and Bioinformatics sub-field Biomedical Engineering/Bioinformatics sub-field/project. DEPARTMENT OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING B.Sc. (HONS) 5-YEAR PROGRAMME PROGRAMME YEAR 1 1st Semester Course Code FSC 101 FSC 102 GEG 101 GEG 103 FSC 105 MEG 101 MEG 103 GST 105 GST 102 Course Title Introductory Biology Physical Chemistry Engineering Pure Mathematics 1 Engineering Applied Mathematics 1 Introductory Physics 1 Workshop Practice Technical Drawing 1 Use of English Philosophy & Logic Total Credit Units 3 3 3 3 Course Status C C C C 3 1 2 2 2 22 C C C C C Pre-requisite 14 2nd Semester Course Code GEG 102 GEG 104 MEG 102 MEG 104 PHS 102 PHS 101 GST 106 GST 104 Course Title Engineering Pure Maths II Engineering Applied Maths II Workshop Practice 1 Technical Drawing II Introductory Physics II Introductory Physics III Use of English Philosophy Total Credit Units 3 Course Status C Pre-requisite GEG 101 3 C GEG 103 2 2 3 2 2 2 19 C C C C C C MEG 101 MEG 103 FSC 105 FSC 105 YEAR II st 1 Semester Course Code EEG 201 CSC 201 EEG 203 EEG 205 BCH 201 PHG 201 MEG 201 GEG 201 MEG 205 GAS 201 Course Title Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering 1 Fundamental principles of computer organization Signals & Systems Theory Electrical Engineering Materials General Biochemistry General Physiology, Body Fluid & Cardiovascular System Thermodynamics Engineering Mathematics I Engineering Mechanics(Statics) General African Studies 1 Total Credit Units Course Status 2 C Pre-requisite FSC 105,PHS 101,102,103 2 C 2 2 C C 2 2 C C FSC 101 FSC 105 2 3 2 C C C PHS 101, GEG 104 PHS 101,GEG 104 GEG 102,GEG 104 2 19 C 15 2nd Semester Course Code Course Title EEG 202 Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering II Introduction to Switching and Logic Systems Computer Programming 1 Physical Electronics Introductory Engineering Statistics General African Studies II Fluid Mechanics Engineering Mechanics II(Dynamics) Abdomen,Pelvis,Perineum and Lower Limb Head, Face & Neck Computer Programming 1 Total EEG 204 EEG 206 EEG 208 GEG 202 GST 202 MEG 202 MEG 208 ANA 202 ANA 204 CSC 202 Credit Units 2 Course Status Pre-requisite C EEG 201 2 C EEG 203 2 2 3 C C C EEG 201 GEG 102 2 3 2 C C C 2 C 2 2 24 C C YEAR III st 1 Semester Course Code BME 301 BME 303 EEG 305 BME 305 BME 307 ANA 301 BME 309 BME 311 GST 307 Course Title Introduction to Biomedical Engineering Transducers Electronic Circuits 1 Electro-medical Safety Credit Units 2 Course Status C 3 3 2 C C Medical Instrumentation 1 Genetics Biomedical Electronics Laboratory Computer Aided Design & Drafting Entrepreneurship & Good Governance 1 Total 3 C 2 2 C C 2 C 2 C Pre-requisite EEG 302 EEG 201,EEG 202 21 16 2nd Semester Course Code BME 306 BME 308 BME 310 BME 312 PHG 301 BME 314 BME 316 BME 318 Course Title Clinical Engineering Practice Introduction to Bioinformatics Medical Instrumentation II Medical ICT Practical Physiology Problem Oriented Programming Health Technology Management Electromagnetic Fields & Waves Total Credit Units 2 Course Status C 2 C 2 C 2 3 2 C C C 2 C 2 C Pre-requisite 21 YEAR IV 1st Semester Course Code BME 401 BME 403 BME 405 BME 407 BME 409 BME 411 BME 413 BME 415 BME 417 BME 419 BME 421 Course Title Medical Digital Signal Processing Medical Imaging 1 Biostatistics Rational structure based drug design Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering Introduction to Microprocessor and Micro-controllers Introduction to Computational Biology Control System Analysis e-Health & m-Health Bioinformatics & Systems design Evolutionary Genetics & Sequence Analysis Credit Units 2 Course Status C 3 2 2 C C 2 C 2 C 2 C 2 C 2 2 C E 2 E Pre-requisite EEG 302 C = 19 E = 02 17 Total 21 2nd Semester Course Code SIW 400 Course Title Industrial Training Credit Units Course Status 6 Pre-requisite YEAR V st 1 Semester Course Code Course Title Credit Units BME 501 Biomaterials & Fabrication Lab Microelectronics Biomedical Measurement Bio-computing Biosensors & Chemical Sensors Artificial Organs Mathematical Modeling of Tissues and Organs Health Technology Assessment Digital Image Processing 2 Course Status C 2 2 2 3 C C C C 2 2 C C 2 E E Total 2 C = 15 E= 02 17 Course Title Course Title Credit Units 2 3 2 Course Status C C C 2 C 2 2 2 2 2 C C E E E BME 503 BME 505 BME 507 BME 509 BME 511 BME 513 BME 515 BME 517 2nd Semester Course Code Course Code BME 502 BME 504 BME 506 BME 508 BME 510 GEG 502 BME 512 BME 514 PCH 501 Medical Imaging II Project Introduction to Genomics and proteomic Medical Device Design & Innovation Seminar Law and Management Biomedical Communication Metabolic Modeling Medicinal Chemistry/Drug Development Pre-requisite Credit Unit Pre-requisite 18 Total C = 13 E = 04 17 COURSE DESCRIPTION YEAR I FSC 101: INTRODUCTORY GENERAL BIOLOGY CONTENT: History of Biology, Characteristics and classification of living things, Reproduction, Interrelationship of organisms, heredity and evolution. FCS 102: INTRODUCTORY CHEMISTRY CONTENT: Measurement and Precision. Hypothesis, Theory and law with appropriate illustration. Nature of matter – the three states of matter, atomic structure, electronic energy levels and orbital periodic classification of elements and its relationship to their electronic configurations. Mole concept and calculations based on it including application to titrimetry and balancing of equation by electron transfer method. Types and chemical reactions and stoichiometric calculations, different methods of expressing concentrations of solutions. Chemical kinetics and equilibria, and related simple calculations, important applications of equilibria like PH, solubility, Product and Solubility of ionic solids. Thermochemistry and simple calculations based on Hess’s law. Electrochemistry and working of various cells, brief mention of corrosion. Organic chemistry: Simple reactions of hydrocarbons, alcohols, and acids, petroleum chemistry, oils and fats, hydrogenation of oils, polymer and biologically important molecules. GST 105: THE USE OF ENGLISH CONTENT: The course is designed to enable students achieve an acceptable level of proficiency in the use of English, with particular reference to the following aspects: The ability to read and understand the relevant books and journal, The correct use of writing conventions, Correct pronunciation of English words and sentences, and ability to write and speak for specific purposes. GEG 101 ENGINEERING PURE MATHEMATICS 1 CONTENT: Axiomatic set theory, Operations on set, Boolean Algebra,Series, Power series. Tests for convergence. Taylor series. Operations on power series. Limits, Continuity & Differentiability. Mean value theorems.Techniques and applications of differentiation. The definite integral. Fundamental theorems of integral calculus. Techniques and applications of integral calculus. GEG 102: ENGINEERING PURE MATHEMATICS II The real and the complex number systems. Mathematical induction matrices and determination. Mathematical induction matrices and determinants. Complex 19 numbers; representation and algebra. Complex functions. Roots of unity;De-moivres theorem; Basic matrix theory and algebra. Systems of linear equations; elementary row reduction, types and methods of solution echelon form. Applications of matrices. Introduction to systems of inequalities and linear programming. FCS 103 INTRODUCTORY COMPUTER SCIENCE CONTENT: Hardware: Functional components Software: system, Application packages. Program development: Flowcharting, program objects, computer application areas and technological trends. BASIC programming, FSC 105: INTRODUCTORY PHYSICS I CONTENT: Physical quantities, standard and units, kinematics: Uniform Velocity motion, Uniform acceleration motion. Dynamics: Newton’s laws of motion. Newton’s universal law of gravitation. Work, energy, conservation laws Concept of mechanical equilibrium. Centre of mass and centre of gravity. Moment of a force. Rotational motion, angular momentum and torque. Total mechanical energy; elasticity, Hooke’s law, Young’s Shear and Bulk modulus. Hydrostatic: Pressure, buoyancy, Archimedes’ principle. Elements of hydro-dynamics. Molecular properties of fluids, Viscosity, surface tension, adhesion, cohesion capillarity, drops and bubbles. Temperature and Zeroth law of thermodynamics, Quality of heat, Heat transfer, Gas laws; first and second law of Thermodynamics. Application to kinetics theory of gases. PHS 103: INTRODUCTORY LABORATORY PHYSICS CONTENT: Simple experiments illustrating the key topics covered in FSC 105. course. Theoretical MEG 101: WORKSHOP PRACTICE I CONTENT: Introduction to basic equipment in wood, machine and welding workshop. Elements of safety practice with the various tools used in the workshops. Selection of tools elementary operations in various workshop. MEG 103: ENGINEERING DRAWING I CONTENT: Introduction to drawing instruments and their proper use; Use of scales, line works and lettering. Geometrical constructions including tangents, normal polygon etc. Loci, including paths of points of simple mechanisms and cam profiles. 20 YEAR II GEG 201: ENGINEERING STATISTICS & COMPUTER SYSTEMS CONTENT: Introduction to statistics: Fundamentals of probability theory; random variable and expectations; Discrete and Continuous distributions. Probability and relative frequency. Independent trials. The Laplace. The moivre limit theorem. Poisons law. Concepts used in Statistics: Expectation of a sum, variance, covariance, correlations, theory of errors. Estimation of variance and Correlation. Linear regression. Random event. EEG 201: FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING I CONTENT: 1. The place of network theory in Electrical Engineering – Network problems arising in Energy distribution, value and transistor circuits, rotating machines and communication systems. 2. Methods of analysis suitable for the problems in 1 in terms of currents, voltages energy or volt-amperes and insertion loss. 3. Resistors, Electric fields and Capacitors: Loop and Nodal analysis, Magnetic fields & Currents, Electro magnetic induction & Magnetic forces, Self and mutual inductance, R-L-C circuits, transients & steady state. Solution of a.c. circuits. Time and Frequency domain solution of first order equations. Resonance. Network theorems; three phase circuits. EEG 202: FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING II CONTENT: Electromechanical energy conversion devices. The transformer: principle of operation, E.M.F. equation, flux linkage, voltage regulation and frequency. Open and short-circuit tests. Autotransformer. Direct current machines: winding, EMF equation, armature reaction ands communication. EEG 203: SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS I CONTENT: Continuous and discrete signals and systems. Analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversion (a qualitative treatment). The independent variable: definitions; transformations and inverse transformations. Steps, impulses and ramps. Linear systems and superposition. Signal descriptions by impulses and step functions. Properties and block diagram feedback: series and parallel voltage feedback, other forms of feedback in practice. Operational amplifiers. Switching amplifiers; Parametric amplifiers. EEG 204: INTRODUCTION TO SWITCHING AND LOGIC SYSTEMS Number Systems, conversion between bases, Arithmetic with bases other than ten, 1 and 2’s complement, BCD, weighted and unweighted codes, Gray codes. Truth function and tables. Boolean Algebra and De-Morgan’s theorem. Truth function set or Venn diagram; Minimization of Boolean function using Boolean algebra and Karnaugh Maps; Switching relays; logic circuits; Realization of simple combinatorial circuit, binary single bit address; simple code conversion; bit comparators; introduction to multi-vibrator circuits. 21 MEG 205: ENGINEERING MECHANICS Fundamentals of mechanics, Forces in space equipment systems, Equilibrium of rigid bodies, distributed forces, centroid, centre of mass, internal actions, analysis of simple structures and machine parts, principle of virtual work. CSC 201: FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF COMPUTER ORGANISATION CONTENT: Basic concepts of simple machine architecture, major components, functional relationship between the components of processing units (controls, memory and ALU). Stored program concepts, representation of instruction in computer memory, addressing, definition of a program, instruction cycle, Computer design, Mini Computers: organization, design, operation and programming, Assemblers, program loaders and relocation. CSC 202: COMPUTER PROGRAMMING I CONTENT: Fortran programming. Use of Fortran Language in solving advance numeric problems. File processing with Fortran. PHG 201: GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY, BODY FLUID AND CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY CONTENT: Physiology Course as for medical (MBBS), Dental (BDS), Physiotherapy, Pharmacy, Pharmacology and Physiology. ANA 202: ABDOMEN, PELVIS PERINEUM & LOWER LIMBS CONTENT: Introduction to Abdomen, Anterior Abdominal wall, Diaphragm, Scrotum and male external genitals Histology, Embryology, Peritoneum, Rectus sheath and inguinal canal, Organization of Blood supply of Abdomen, Stomach-blood supply relations and lymph drainage, Duodenum and extra hepatic biliary apparatus, Demonstration-liver Pancreas and Spleen. Posterior Abdominal wall, Kidney and Suprarenal, Perineum, Histology and Embryology; Pelvic floor, Female Reproductive system, Urinary Bladder prostate urethra; male reproductive system – Histology & Embryology; Rectum and anal canal, Blood supply and lymph drainage of pelvis and perineum – Histology & Embryology. Introduction to lower limb – Histology & Embryology – G.L. Tract, Venous and lymph drainage, Femoral Triangle and Adductor canal – Histology, Embryology – genital system. Hip joint, Knee joint, Ankle joint, Arches of foot, Locomotion and Clinical Anatomy. 22 ANA 204: HEAD, FACE & NECK CONTENT: The skull; face & scalp; Removal of Brain and Gross Topography, The Back; The Orbit; The Eye; The anterior Triangle and The Parotid region; The Infratemporal fossa, Deep dissection of the Neck; Prevertebral Region; Cranal Nerves and major functions, Dissected Head, Oral Cavity, Larynx, Pharynx and Ear. Living Anatomy. YEAR III BME 301: INTRODUCTION TO BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING CONTENT: Definition, Specializations, Biomedical Instrument Design Techniques; Introduction to Engineering Systems; Biological Systems; Modeling Biological Systems; System Responses; Introduction to Bioinformatics. BME 301: LINEAR CIRCUITS & SYSTEMS CONTENT: The lecture will cover all the basic building blocks (components) in electronic circuits and systems: Simplified Semiconductor Theory and Devices; Simple outline of Atomic theory; Intrinsic semiconductors – n-type and p-type semiconductor. The p-n junction; Semiconductor diode – Construction; current and voltage characteristics; types and applications; Half and Full wave Rectification; Smoothing; Transistors – Bipolar junction transistors; common-base; common-emitter and common-collector connections; Transistors characteristics, Construction and Thermal & Frequency effects; Field Effect Transistors – FET; MOSFET. Amplifiers – small signal amplifiers; Transistor bias; Determination of gains. Cascade amplifiers, hfe – characteristics; Operational Amplifiers (Op.AMP), Inverting and non-inverting, summing & differential amplifier. Thyristor – thyristor circuit and power electronic BME 302: DIGITAL INTERGRATED CIRCUITS CONTENT: Introduction to digital logic gates – AND, OR, NOR, NAND, XOR, NOT etc: graphic symbols, algebraic functions, & truth tables. Boolean Algebra & logic gates, definition, Basic theorems, & properties of Boolean algebra, Boolean functions, Venn diagrams, canonical and standard forms – minterms & maxterms. Simplification of Boolean functions – Map and Arithmetic methods. The various IC digital logic family: Transistor transistor logic (TTL) Resistor – transistor logic, RTL Diode transistor logic, DTL Emitter – coupled logic, ECL Metal Oxide Semiconductor, MOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, CMOS Integrated – Injection logic, I2L: Their basic electronic circuits and analysis of their electrical operations. Basic knowledge of electronics is assured. 23 BME 303: TRANDUCERS CONTENT: Introduction & Definitions. Transducer types: Electrical, Electromechanical, Electrochemical, Temperature, Pressure, pneumatics/hydraulic, Inductive & Capacitive transducers, Biological, Chemical and photoelectric transducers. Their characteristics, operations, and applications. Output device transducers: meters, strip chart recorders, oscilloscope, displays, lamp indicators, heaters polygraph etc. Input devices: light sources, temperature devices, pressure to voltage converters; pressure to current converters. Magnetic transducers, Strain Gage Transducers, Linear Variable differential transformer (LVDT), Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD). Carbon or Piezoelectric Crystal transducers. Transducer signal sources, amplification and transmission. Signal conditioning circuits. BME 305: ELECTROMEDICAL SAFETY CONTENT: An overview of Biomedical safety practices. The factors in hospital safety practices: Biological & fire safety; Safety areas in hospitals: Emergency room, operating rooms, special care units, Medicine, Pharmacy & Laboratory. Electro-medical Instrumentation System safety: Skin resistance, Electrical shock, lead protection, Fibrillation and Defibrillation, Radiation etc. Equipment handling safety: Faculty safety & security; Risk Management, Occupational safety and Health Act; Administrative Requirement. BME 306: INTRODUCTION TO BIOINFORMATICS CONTENT: Issues in the modeling, design, and implementation of computational systems for use in biomedicine. Topics: basic knowledge representation, controlled terminologies in medicine and biological science, fundamental algorithms, information dissemination and retrieval, knowledge acquisition, and ontologies. Emphasis is on the principles of modeling data and knowledge in biomedicine and on translation of resulting models into useful automated systems. Recommended: principles of object-oriented systems. BCH 300: GENERAL BIOCHEMISTRY CONTENT: Course content for 300 level Physiology students. The objective is to enable them understand Biomedical abnormalities in common disease conditions. BCH309: INTRODUCTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY CONTENT: Content is as applicable to the Biochemistry students in 300 level of the college of medicine. ANA 301: GENETICS CONTENT: The content is the same as provided for the Department of Physiotherapy. The purpose is to enable the students understand the methods of gene technology. 24 PHG 306: PRACTICAL PHYSIOLOGY CONTENT: As provided for the MBBS and BDS part one professional exams syllabus. BME 308 Medical ICT: (COMPUTER & INFORMATION MANAGEMENT IN MEDICINE) CONTENT: Introduction to MIS in HOSPITAL Structure; System Design; analysis and implementation; Data Acquisition, storage and Retrieval; Managing Medical Data Resources; Database & Data base concepts & design; Concept of Computer Networking and network simulation of hospital environment; Software development; Expert system Application to medical diagnosis. BME 309: BIOMEDICAL ELECTRONICS LABORATORY CONTENT: The lecture will include all instrument used in electronic engineering practice: Multimeter – Dc-multimeter, Ac-multimeter; Digital Multimeter (DMM); Theory and construction; operation, analysis, reading error and accuracy. Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO): Theory & construction, operations (voltage sweep, synchronization, triggering, multi-trace) measurement (Time, Amplitude & pulse width). Signal Generator – waveform generation. Waveform Analyzer Instrumentation Amplifiers – Op. AMP. Differential Amp; etc. BME 307: MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION I Basic Medical Instrumentation system, Essential Medical devices, Bio-potentials, Biopotential electrodes and amplifiers, Measuring blood pressure and sound, blood flow and volume measurement, Chemical biosensors, Therapeutic and Prosthetic devices Electrical Safety. BME 310: MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION II CONTENT: Introduction to principles of operations, design and applications, of some basic hospitals instruments: The Electro cardiograph (ECG/EKG) Recording, Electromyograph,(EMG), Electroencephalograms (EEG), Rate meters, plus meters, PHmeters, spectrometer, chloride meter, Haemoglobin meters, polygraph, Oximeters, opto-electronic Equipment, photoplethysmography etc. Analysis of the electronic building blocks such as amplifiers, plus generators, filter, comparators, timers, Schmidt trigger, operational amp. Analog converters. Piezo-electric Devices. Defibrillators instruments. BME 314: PROBLEM ORIENTED PROGRAMMING & DATABASE DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CONTENT: Introduction to Programming using Java (core*) Lectures & Practicals - Introduces students to a modern programming language. Theory and Algorithms in Bioinformatics (core) Lectures & Practicals - Gives a foundation in the mathematical and statistical ideas that underlie Bioinformatics, with emphasis on computational algorithms. Data abstraction, Data models, Instances and schemes. E-R model: Entity and entity sets, Relations and relationship sets, E-R diagrams, Reducing E-R diagrams to tables. 25 Network data model (basic concepts), Hierarchical data model (basic concepts), Multimedia databases- Basic concepts and applications SQL BME 318: ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS & WAVES CONTENT: Static Electric Fields: Scalar potential, Electric flux, Gauss’ Law, Polarization, Boundary conditions, Capacitance. The equations of Laplace and Poison, Field Mapping. Steady currents and their Magnetic fields. Ampere’s circuital Law Induction. Maxwell’s Equations in differential integral forms. YEAR IV BME 400: INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT CONTENT: Supervised Industrial Training during long vacation following. BME 401: MEDICAL DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING CONTENT: Introduction to Digital signals – Analog Signal in Continuous Domain; Digital Signal in Digital Domain; Conversion of Analog to Digital Signal – Sampling, Quantization & error; Fourier Transform of Digital signals; Z-Transforms; Digital signal processing by method of convolution & Z-Transforms. Signal Conditioning. BME 403: MEDICAL IMAGING I CONTENT: Introduction to Imaging Physics; Definition of Image; Image as a signal; Psychophysics of vision. Properties of images, Sampling, Digitizing and displaying images; Geometric and algebraic processing, Spatial filtering; Image coding and transmission, Binary image analysis, Segmentation, Description of lines and shapes. Representation. Software and Hardware system Scene analysis. Application.Types of Images: Radiographic & Photographic images; Scanning of an Image by an Aperture; Image processing, Resolution, modulation, transfer function, Interference & Intensity. Digitization and Reconstruction of Images; Basic theory and physics of medical imaging; Interaction of Radiation with matter; unclear magnetic resonance BME 405: BIOSTATISTICS CONTENT: Introduction to statistical techniques used for analysis of basic and clinical/Biomedical Engineering data. Probability theory Sampling theory Hypothesis Testing ANOVA Non-parametric methods Computer Applications. SPSS, Epi-Info Software BME 406: INTRODUCTION TO MICROPROCESSOR AND MICRO-CONTROLERS 26 CONTENT: BME 407: Basic definitions. Microprocessor evolution, functions, and Development; microprocessor organization; control, programming; Simple Instruction set; program control, Applications; Advantages of microprocessor in design; Introduction to simple micro-controllers, and programmable Controllers. Design attempts with microcontrollers. RATIONAL STRUCTURE BASED DRUG DESIGN CONTENT: Rational structure-based drug design (option) Lectures, Tutorials, Practicals Describing the application of structural and modeling tools in developing pharmaceutical compounds, including an Industrial perspective. BME 411: NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING CONTENT: Numerical Analysis: Numerical analysis with applications to the solution of ordinary and potential differential equations. Interpolation formulae; Finite difference and finite elements methods, applications to solution of non-linear equations. BME 413: INTRODUCTION TO MOLECULAR AND COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY CONTENT: Algorithms for alignment of biological sequences and structures, computing with strings, phylogenetic tree construction, hidden Markov models, computing with networks of genes, basic structural computations on proteins, protein structure prediction, protein threading techniques, homology modeling, molecular dynamics and energy minimization, statistical analysis of 3D biological data, integration of data sources, knowledge representation and controlled terminologies for molecular biology, graphical display of biological data, and genetic algorithms and programming applied to biological problems. Prerequisites: four quarters/semesters of college-level biology (or an accelerated equivalent), programming skills and matrix algebra. BME 414: EVOLUTIONARY GNETICS AND SEQUENCE ANAYSIS CONTENT: Analytic, storage, and interpretive methods to optimize the transformation of genetic, genomic, and biological data into diagnostics and therapeutics for medicine. Topics: access and utility of publicly available data sources; types of genome-scale measurements in molecular biology and genomic medicine; analysis of microarray data; analysis of polymorphisms, proteomics, and protein interactions; linking genome-scale data to clinical data and phenotypes; and new questions in biomedicine using bioinformatics. Case studies. Prerequisites: programming ability and familiarity with statistics and biology. BME 415: CONTROL SYSTEMS ANALYSIS CONTENT: Modeling of physical systems, Dynamic equations of Mechanical, Electrical, Thermal and Fluid flow systems. Transfer function for mechanical, electrical, and electromechanical control components. Block diagrams, Signal flow graphs characteristic equations, S-plane roots, and stability. Performance criteria. Root locus, Polar and Bode plots. M-and-N-circuits. Inverse Nyquist plots. State space description of control systems. Analogue computer simulation of control systems. 27 BMI 417: e-HEALTH AND m-HEALTH CONTENT: Electronic medical record system; Introduction to Tele-medicine Tele-health implementation; Mobile phones(mobile multimedia systems) in healthcare delivery; m-Health for data authentication and integrity; m-health as a tool for automatic surveillance for cases and outbreaks of infectious diseases; Introduction to hospital management software BME 419: BIOINFORMATICS AND SYSTEM DESIGN CONTENT: Design and implementation of computational and information systems in complex biomedical environments. Topics: requirements analysis, workflow and organizational factors, functional specification, knowledge models, data heterogeneity and standards, component-based architectures, human-computer interaction, and system evaluation. Case studies illustrate challenges of system design for research and clinical settings. YEAR V BME 501: BIOMATERIALS & FABRICATION LAB. CONTENT: Introduction to materials used in Clinical/Biomedical Engineering: Types of biomaterials – metals, ceramics plastic/polyethylene and composite materials etc. The use of implantable materials; Biocompatibility; Factors affecting Biomaterials – corrosion, crack propagation; Tissue Growth into biomaterial. Fabrication of simple laboratory/medical equipment or devices etc. BME 503: MICROELECTRONICS CONTENT: Lecture will include all types of IC devices and memories MPUs ADC/DAC, programmers (e.g. EPROM) and development systems controllers, sequencers and multiplexes. Practical Electronic circuit designs and implementation; Power unit design and construction; Rectifier circuits; Choppers, converters Inverters circuit; Integrated circuit technology; Design and implementation of Electronic aspects of medical devices; Design of active filters; oscillators and multiplier circuits; PCB fabrications. BME 502: ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT AND LAW PART 1: Definition of contract, classification of contract,ingredient of a valid contract, Elements of a contract, Consideration, Intention to create legal relation, capacity of a contract,consent of a party, consent of a party, concept of brevity of a contract and its exceptions, mistakes of a contract, duress in a contract, undue influence in a contract, misrepresentation of a contract,how does a contract come to an end?Remedies for breach of contract. PART II 28 Introduction to management, decision analysis, how to model a decision situation, quantitative techniques for situations of uncertainty, decision tree, project management, Project evaluation and review techniques, concept of motivation, theories of motivation, Hertzberg 2 factor theory, Transportation management factor, Copyrights and trademarks. BME 505: BIOMEDICAL MEASUREMENT CONTENT: Introduction to Basic measurement techniques and apparatus used in Biomedical Engineering. Meters (voltmeters, Ammeters, multimeters, Rate meters Ohmmeters, Oximeters): movement, calibration, sensitivity and Measurement. Thermistor, Thermometers and Thermocouples: temperature measure, calibration, sensitivity and accuracy, characteristic; Thermistor for measuring temperature; Thermocouple function; Wheatstone Bridge circuit for temperature measurement; calibration and conversion from degree to Fahrenheit. Frequency meters; the use of oscilloscope, sensitivity and accuracy. Pulse Generators & Amplifiers: Pulse generation, amplification and shaping. Noise level in amplifiers; signal-to-Ration; Pulse Rate digital meter; phase lock loop (PLL) circuitry, digital counters, LED power segment display, measurement of Pulse rate by pulse – by-pulse method & Pulse-averaging method – comparison and accuracy. Lung function measurement – Respiratory. Rate meter: calibration, sensitivity and reading. Brain wave Type and measurement; Alfa Rhythms & Biofeedback. Skin Resistance Measure: Ac or Dc measurement, Galvanic skin Resistance (GSR) and Galvanic skin potential (GSP). Glide tone circuitry, functional Description. Biochemical biophysical measurement techniques: light spectroscopy, gel exclusion, chromatography, electrophoresis, Immuno-blotting and Radio-isotropic methods. BME 507: BIO-COMPUTING CONTENT: Bio-computing (option) Lectures & Practical - Further develop computing skills and applications with biological data including experience in the use of Perl, MySQL, and web-based programming, as well as Grid computing. BME 509: BIOSENSORS & CHEMICAL SENSORS CONTENT: Introduction to Basic sensors used in Biomedical Engineering – Types and characteristics; Effects on body system, Measurement techniques, recognition processes; application for analysis of real samples; sensor’s interface Fabrication. Signals and sensors BME 511: ARTIFICIAL ORGANS CONTENT: Basic concept of blood connecting devices used as replacement for natural organs: Artificial kidney, lung, valves heart-lung bypass, total heart, and pancreas. Attempts at techniques of developing artificial organs where necessary Biocompatibility. BME 513: MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF TISSUES AND ORGANS CONTENT: Theory and algorithms of Mathematics to models of tissues and organs sequel to artificial organs or system replacement. BME 515: HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT 29 Health Technology assessment(HTA), purpose of HTA,Timing of Assessment, Quality of Care and HTA, Needs assessments for Medical devices, Concepts in the assessment of diagnostic technologies. BME 506: THEORY, ALGORITHMS AND SIMULATIONS IN BOINFORMATICS CONTENT: Theory and Algorithms in Bioinformatics (core) Lectures & Practicals- Gives a foundation in the mathematical and statistical ideas that underlie Bioinformatics, with emphasis on computational algorithms. . BME 508: INTRODUCTION TO BIOMECHANICS CONTENT: Introduction to static and dynamic in Biomaterials. Distributed forces and forces at apoint. Forces acting on bone joints muscles and body tissues. Forces acting on prosthetics appliances and general action of muscle forces within human body during normal and abnormal times. Stress and Strain Analysis of particular part of human body, bone, muscles, tissues and ligaments. Pressure on human body. Biomechanical support system and surfaces. Mechanical behaviour of biological materials such as soft tissue and bone. Dental prosthetics and mechanics of dental materials involved in chewing process forces. Tensor analysis equations by application of basic laws of conservation of mass, energy and momentum in mechanic and thermodynamics. Mechanics of artificial limbs and body motion. BME 509: PROJECT CONTENT: The student will apply the principles of engineering or bioinformatics design to produce products which meet functional need of people with Medical disabilities design and construct either as a team or individually, a working prototype of a new device which solves a problem without current solution. BME 510: MEDICAL IMAGING II CONTENT: Methods of Medical Imaging: Ultra sound imaging technique; Ultrasonic imaging techniques; Nuclear medicine; X-ray imaging techniques; Radiographic, Mammographic and Tomographic systems and principles of sonography; Principles of digital Radiographic system using kinestatic charge detector; physical and Electronic mechanisms for collection of ionic signals; Effect of noise on medical images; Enhancement and performance of diagnostic imaging. Radio therapeutic techniques. BME 511: INTRODUCTION TO GENOMICS AND PROTEOMICS CONTENT: Theoretical and practical knowledge of methods to analyse and interpret the data generated by modern biology. This involves the appreciation of biochemistry and molecular biology, together with the techniques of IT and computer science that will prepare students for multidisciplinary careers in research. To achieve this there are three main objectives: Provide biological background to the data types of Genomics, Proteomics and Metabolomics; Develop the computational and analytical understanding necessary as a platform for processing biological data; Demonstrate 30 applications and worked examples in the fields of Bioinformatics and System Biology, integrating with student involvement through project work. BME 512: BIOINFORMATICS AND GENE REGULATION CONTENT: Bioinformatics has been an identifiable discipline for more than a decade, driven by the computational demands of high volumes of biological data. It incorporates both the development and application of algorithms to decipher biological relationships. Enormous success has been achieved, for example in defining homologous families of sequences at the DNA, RNA, and protein levels. However, our appreciation of function is changing rapidly as experimental analysis scales up to cellular and organismal viewpoints. At these levels, we are interested in the properties of a network of interacting components in a system, as well as the components themselves. The concepts or Systems Biology and Bioinformatics complement each other, and both are addressed in this course. This combination reflects the current skills sought in academic and industrial (e.g. pharmaceutical) settings. An important feature is the extent to which computational biology is concerned with finding patterns in biological data, and generating hypotheses that feed back into experiments. BME 510: SEMINAR CONTENT: Hands-on software building. Student teams conceive, design, specify, implement, evaluate, and report on a software project in the domain of biomedicine. Creating written proposals, peer review, providing status reports, and preparing final reports. Guest lectures from professional biomedical informatics systems builders on issues related to the process of project management. Software engineering basics. BME 514: BIOMEDICAL COMMUNICATION CONTENT: Introduction to Evolution of medical illustration, fundamentals of Graphics and visual communications; media equipment and Techniques; Digital imaging techniques; Medical photographic media, equipment and techniques; Colour and black & White processing; Audiovisual communications media and equipment; Medical instructional video/audio production and editing for multimedia; Multimedia systems BME 515: METABOLIC MODELING CONTENT: Metabolic Modeling (option) Lectures, Tutorials, Practical - This unit will give students the skills required to model interactions within metabolic networks. BME 516: GENOMES TO SYSTEMS CONTENT: Genomes to systems (core) Lectures - Describes the latest techniques and promotes an understanding of the rapidly growing literature. BME 517: ADVANCE 3D IMAGE GENERATION CONTENT: Advance 3-dimensional image generation using relevant software. The skill required for would have been developed in the programming courses earlier learned. Content will vary depending on the best software available as this field is in constant improvement due to research and innovation. 31 PCH 501: MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY/DRUG DEVELOPMENT CONTENT: As provided by the Pharmacy Department of the university of Lagos. 32
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