Chapter 8, Astronomy Lesson 2, The Earth-Sun-Moon System Objectives __________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Main Idea __________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Vocabulary crater ______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ phase of the Moon ___________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ lunar eclipse _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ solar eclipse _________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ tide ________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ gravity _____________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ What is the Moon like? Does the Moon have air? How might the lack of air affect the Moon’s surface? ___ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ What is “the man in the Moon”? What forms it? ___________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ What instruments have people used to gather information about the Moon? ____ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Compare the view of the Moon from Earth during ancient times and modern times. ______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Lunar Landscape What are five different landforms found on the Moon? ______________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Current models suggest that the Moon’s highlands formed about 4.5 billion years ago and the maria formed roughly 3.5 billion years ago. What can you infer about meteor activity in the solar system? ______________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ What features do you see in the crater? __________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Quick Check Cause and Effect What probably caused mountains to form around the edges of the maria? _______ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Critical Thinking Do you think the Moon has had tectonic activity recently? Explain. ____________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ What causes the phases of the Moon? Why can we sometimes see only part of the surface of the Moon that faces us? __ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ What is the difference between waxing and waning? ________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Read a Diagram How long is one complete cycle of all the Moon’s phases? ____________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Quick Checks Cause and Effect What causes the phases of the Moon? ____________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Critical Thinking If the direction of sunlight in the diagram were reversed, what would happen to the full Moon? _______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ What causes eclipses? What causes the changes in the phases of the Moon? _______________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ What happens when the shadow of Earth falls on the Moon? How is this event different from the Moon’s phase changes? ________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Read a Diagram Where must the Moon be in order for a lunar eclipse to occur? ________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ What happens during a lunar eclipse? What happens during a solar eclipse? _____ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ During a total solar eclipse, people in only a narrow band of Earth’s surface will actually see a total eclipse. During a total lunar eclipse, everyone on Earth’s night side sees a total eclipse. Why is that? ____________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Quick Check Cause and Effect What causes a lunar eclipse? What causes a solar eclipse? ___________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Critical Thinking Are total solar eclipses visible from all locations on Earth? Explain. _____________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ What causes the tides? Do tides occur at regular intervals or are they random occurrences? ____________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ What does the timing of tides tell you about the cause of tides? _______________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Quick Check Cause and Effect What causes the tides? ________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Critical Thinking Which type of tide might occur during a new Moon? ________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________