Document 116562
Aus Loadshifting (ALS) Pty Ltd Driver Training and Assessing Services ACN: 151 349745 ABN: 53 151 349745 RTO:91544 Ph:0416 15 5052 Fax: 02 45 742938 www.ausloadshifting.com.au AUS UOADSHIFTING Driver Training and Assessing Services OHSCER205A Operate a Excavator - (LE) Parts of a Hydraulic Excavator Boom Arm .Engine/hydraulic pump Bucket Counterweight Cab Track frame Shoe Content of this booklet: 1. 2. 3. 4. Summary Questions and example answers for the knowledge component Performance component Rule of thumb and practice formulas Revision questions RTO 91544 22112011 Page 1 of 1 LE 23 Aus Loadshifting- 0416 15 5052 Licence to operate an Excavator Questions and Answers- Summary Student InformationIf you have RPL questions 1-23, 75-96 and 112-119 25 A B What must be provided on an excavator before it is used as a crane? A manufacturer's approved lifting lug with SWL marked on the machine. A manufacturer's approved lifting lug with SWL marked on the machine.B185 26 If a single wire in a sling was broken could you use the sling? Explain your answer. Yes. You can use the wire rope sling provided that the one wire is not broken immediately below or above a terminal or end fitting - then it cannot be used. Yes. You can use the wire rope sling provided that the one wire is not broken immediately below a terminal. A B PLAN WORK Performance criteria 1.2.1 ( 9 including 4 with a star) 27 A B What underground services would you check for before starting to excavate? Check for power, telephone, gas, water, sewer, drainage, and fibre optic cable lines. Check for power, telephone, gas, water, sewer, drainage, and fibre optic cable lines. 28 A B Who should be contacted in order to find out the location of underground services? The site supervisor who will contact the supply authorities for council maps of the site. The site supervisor who will contact the supply authorities for council maps of the site, supervisor 29 Name six hazards that must be checked on the work site before operating the excavator? •Powerlines Trees, •Bridges, ^Overhead service lines* Surrounding buildings and structures •Obstructions* other equipment* Dangerous materials • Underground Service Gas, electricity, sewerage, water, Communication lines) •Personnel •Ground conditions/recently filled trenches •Powerlines Trees, -Bridges, -Overhead service lines -Surrounding buildings and structures •Obstructions -other equipment -Dangerous materials • Underground Service Gas, electricity, sewerage, water, Communication lines) •Personnel •Ground conditions/recently filled trenches •hazard chemicals A B 30 A B A B What is the minimum distance any part of the excavator is allowed to operate from: a) Distribution powerlines at least 2 metres from domestic powerlines at least 2 metres from domestic powerlines b) High voltage transmission lines at least 6 metres from high voltage transmission lines. at least 6 metres from high voltage transmission lines. NOTE: Assessors must ensure that the applicant is aware of State Authority regulations. Page 4 of 20 Aus Loadshifting- 0416 15 5052 Licence to operate an Excavator Questions and Answers- Summary Student InformationIf you have RPL questions 1-23, 75-96 and 112-119 31 A B 32 A B 33 What precautions should you take when cutting a trench across a footpath? Obtain information from relevant authorities who may run services under the footpath Excavate towards any underground services, slowly Provide appropriate barricades and signs. Council Permit, Service Check, Barricades, Signs and lights If using an excavator to lay pipes in a trench, what precautions should be taken? An approved lifting lug must be used and the SWL must be marked on the machine. Persons are to be cleared from the trench where the pipe is to be laid. An approved lifting lug must be used and the SWL must be marked on the machine. Persons are to be cleared from the trench where the pipe is to be laid. What precautions would you take if a person were in a trench while you are lowering pipe into the trench? A Ensure the person is not under the load being lowered and is standing well clear of either end of the pipe. B Ensure the person is not under the load being lowered and is standing well clear of either end of the pipe. 34 A Name five (5) site hazards checks that you would make of the work area? • Hidden holes -Drop offs -Embankment 'Overhead obstructions •Underground Services •Overhead power lines -Telephone lines -Other obstructions that could be dangerous •Personnel -Plant and Equipment • Services -People -Pipes -pits -Trees -Traffic -Has chemicals B 35 A B 36 A B 37 A B What is the danger of starting and running an internal combustion engine in an enclosed space? Exhaust fumes from the internal combustion engine in an enclosed space can kill. Exhaust fumes from the internal combustion engine in an enclosed space can kill. What action must be taken before starting up and whilst operating an internal combustion engine in an enclosed space? The "enclosed space' must be adequately ventilated. The "enclosed space' must be adequately ventilated. What must be provided and maintained on the exhaust of an internal combustion engine when operated in a confined space? An approved exhaust control unit, catalytic converter (scrubber). An approved exhaust control unit, catalytic converter (scrubber). Page 5 of 20 Aus Loadshifting- 0416 15 5052 Licence to operate an Excavator Questions and Answers- Summary Student InformationIf you have RPL questions 1-23, 75-96 and 112-119 38 A B Why is it important to keep the floor plates free from oil, grease and tools? To prevent the foot plates from becoming slippery and causing operator to slip when mounting or dismounting To prevent the tools from fouling controls. To prevent the foot plates from becoming slippery and causing operator to slip when mounting or dismounting To prevent the tools from fouling controls. Performance criteria 1.2.2 ( 7 including 3 with a star) 39 What must be provided to prevent a person falling into a trench? A Barricades, guardrails or fencing. B Barricades, signs and lights 40 A B When should hearing protection (ear muffs) be worn? When the noise level could contribute to the loss of hearing (e.g. above 85 dba). When the noise level could contribute to the loss of hearing (e.g. above 85 dba). 41 A B When a danger exists on a site what should be posted or erected to warn people of the danger? Warning signs barricades, guardrails or fencing. Warning signs barricades, guardrails or fencing. 42 A B When should an operator wear a safety helmet? Where there is a possibility that the operator could be struck on the head. Where there is a possibility that the operator could be struck on the head. 43 When would you be required to shore an excavation? A When the excavation is greater than 1.5 metres in depth. B When the excavation is greater than 1.5 metres in depth. Unsafe Ground What is the minimum type of footwear that an operator should wear to operate loadshifting equipment? Footwear that encloses the foot and has a non-slip sole. Footwear that encloses the foot and has a non-slip sole. 44 A B 45 A B Under what conditions can a passenger ride on a machine with the operator? Only if a special seat and seat belt has been provided within the confines of the machine for a passenger. Approved seat and seat belt. Fitted inside machine. Page 6 of 20 Aus Loadshifting- 0416 15 5052 Licence to operate an Excavator Questions and Answers- Summary Student InformationIf you have RPL questions 1-23, 75-96 and 112-119 46 A B How do you calculate the cubic capacity of the bucket of an excavator? L x W x Ht 2 Length x Width x Height 2 47 What are two conditions that would result in a trench shield or shoring been used? A A trench into which a person is to enter which is 1.5 metres or more in depth & where the soil is unstable or backfilled. B A trench into which a person is to enter which is 1.5 metres or more in depth & where the soil is unstable or backfilled. 48 A B 49 A B You have to cut an excavation deeper than 1.5m. The workers have to enter this excavation and there is a likelihood that the walls may collapse. Using the excavator what could you do to make the excavation safe to enter? Bench, batter sides, drop in trench shields. Bench, batter sides, drop in trench shields. You have to load a truck with large boulders using your excavator. You are on the same level as the truck. What are the dangers? As you raise the bucket the boulders could tip out of the bucket onto the truck. Boulder can hit truck Performance criteria 1.2.3 ( 2 questions) 50 A B When travelling on a sloping surface which is the safest route of travel? Directly up or down a sloping surface. Directly up or down a sloping surface. 51 A B What gear should be selected to travel down a steep sloping surface? The lowest possible gear. Lowest possible gear 52 What hazards would you check for on a travel route before moving the excavator to perform work? • Hidden holes -Drop offs -Embankments -Overhead obstructions -Underground services •Overhead power lines -Telephone Lines -Other obstructions that could be dangerous •Personnel -Plant equipment -People •Powerlines -Pits -Pipes -Trees -Traffic -Trenches -Services -hazard chemicals A B 53 A B To travel down or up a steep incline would you change gears on the incline or select the appropriate gear before travelling on the incline? Select the appropriate gear before travelling on the incline. Select the appropriate gear before travelling on the incline. Page 7 of 20 Aus Loadshifting- 0416 15 5052 Licence to operate an Excavator Questions and Answers- Summary Student InformationIf you have RPL questions 1-23, 75-96 and 112-119 Performance criteria 1.2.4 ( 1 question) 54 A B What documentation would you be required to obtain from an authorised person to operate an excavator in a hazardous working area? The required hazardous work permits. The required hazardous work permits. 55 A B What must you obtain before digging up a footpath with an excavator? A permit from the relevant local government authority. Council permit and service check Performance criteria 1.2.5 ( 3 including 1 with a star) 56 A B What attachment would you fit to an excavator to break up reinforced concrete? Hydraulic hammer attachment. Hydraulic hammer attachment. 57 When an excavator is used in a demolition process what must be provided on the machine to protect the operator? A falling object protective structure. (FOPS) A falling object protective structure. (FOPS) and seat belt A B 58 A B 59 A B 60 A B Name four types of attachments that may be used on an excavator? • Rock bucket • Excavator bucket -Hydraulic hammer, • Magnet attachment -Trench bucket • Mower attachment -Approved lifting lug for slinging loads -Log grapple -Blade grader • Rock bucket -Hydraulic hammer -Magnet attachment -Trench bucket On a construction site who would you contact to confirm the job requirements for the work to be performed with the excavator? The person in charge on the site or other person authorised to confirm job requirements. The site supervisor How do you select the appropriate bucket to perform the excavation work? Type of material to be excavated Size of the excavation or trench to be considered. Type of material to be excavated Size of the excavation or trench to be considered. Page 8 of 20 Aus Loadshifting- 0416 15 5052 Licence to operate an Excavator Questions and Answers- Summary Student InformationIf you have RPL questions 1-23, 75-96 and 112-119 CHECK CONTROLS AND EQUIPMENT: Performance criteria 1.3.1 (9 including 2 with a star) 61 A B 62 What action would you take if you noticed a bulge form in one of the machine hydraulic hoses? Stop operating, tag the machine and make sure the hose is replaced before the machine is used. Stop Tag report to Boss. Do not use until repaired ^ A B When should the operator carry out tests, checks and inspections on the excavator that is to be operated? Daily before use. Daily before use. 63 Describe how you would safely mount/dismount an excavator. ^ A Facing the machine use the grab-rail or handrail and steps to mount/dismount the machine (three points of contact) B Face machine use three points of contact- use handrails 64 A B Where can the start up/shut down procedures for each excavator be found? In the manufacturer's manual. In operator manual 65 B Before performing the work with an excavator, what should you do if you have not used the machine before? Read the operator's manual to familiarise yourself with the machine (e.g. controls and decal information). Get used to controls of the machine, Training by experienced person 66 A B On mounting the excavator what should you do before attempting to start the engine? Make sure controls are in neutral or park and park brake is on. Make sure controls are in neutral or park and park brake is on. 67 Once sitting in the operator's seat and before driving off, what should you do for safety and comfort? A B Adjust seat until comfortable, adjust mirror (if applicable) and secure safety belt. Adjust seat, mirrors and seat belt if fitted 68 What should be referred to for the correct start up and shut down procedure for the equipment? Always refer to the manufacturer's operation manual for the correct procedure. Operators manual A A B Page 9 of 20 Aus Loadshifting- 0416 15 5052 Licence to operate an Excavator Questions and Answers- Summary Student InformationIf you have RPL questions 1-23, 75-96 and 112-119 69 A B Before moving off what should be done with grounded attachments? Attachments should be raised to the correct travelling height or stowed. Raised to a safe height- Clear of guard 70 A Before reversing an excavator, what action should you take? Look back over both shoulders to ensure the path of travel is clear. Sound horn twice before moving unless there is a reversing/motion alarm fitted. Look back over both shoulders sound horn twice unless fitted with Reverse Alarm, check paths clear. B 71 A B Your excavator has run out of diesel, you refill the tank but the motor will not start. What could be the possible cause? Air in the fuel system and the fuel system needs bleeding. Air in the fuel system and the fuel system needs bleeding. Performance criteria 1.3.2 ( 1 question) with a star. 72 What action would you take with damage and defects found on the machine? A Tag the machine, put it out of service and report the damage and defects ^V to the authorised person B Tag report to boss. Do not use until repaired. UNIT 2 - SHIFT LOAD: Performance criteria 2.1.1 ( 2 questions) with a star. 73 Why are you not allowed to hoist persons with the bucket of an excavator? A The manufacturer did not design the machine to hoist persons and it is against ^V all safe operating procedures. B It was not designed to hoist people and is against safe operative procedures/regulations 74 Why are you not allowed to attached slings to the teeth of the bucket? A You may break off the teeth and/or the sling could slip off the teeth and cause the ^V load to fall, which may injure or kill someone or damage the load. It is against regulations to sling loads using an excavator without the appropriately approved lifting connection fitted B Teeth may break off/Drop load kill someone. Against regulations. Use approved lifting lug. Performance criteria 2.1.2 ( 2 including 1 with a star) 75 A B You are required to operate an excavator on soft and uneven ground. What effect would this have on the load you could raise and carry with the excavator? It would reduce the weight of the load that could be safely carried. Reduces the load that could be safely carried Page 10 of 20 >* Aus Loadshifting- 0416 15 5052 Licence to operate an Excavator Questions and Answers- Summary Student InformationIf you have RPL questions 1-23, 75-96 and 112-119 76 A B How would you establish the load that can be safely lifted by an excavator? By the load chart on the excavator. By the load chart on the excavator. 77 What must be provided on an excavator to attach slings so that the excavator may be used as a crane? A specially designe`”if`a3 d e s i g n & d A Aus Loadshifting- 0416 15 5052 Licence to operate an Excavator Questions and Answers- Summary Student InformationIf you have RPL questions 1-23, 75-96 and 112-119 84 A B 85 A B A four legged bridle sling arrangement is attached to a rigid load. How many and which sling legs would be assumed to support the load? Two opposite diagonal slings must be capable of supporting the load. Any two diagonally opposite slings What effect does a choker hitch around a round load have on the SWL for a wire rope sling? Reduces the SWL/WLL by 25 per cent or to 75 per cent of SWL/WLL 25% Reduction in SWL Rule of thumb formula ( 2 questions) 86 A B State the rule of thumb formula to calculate the SWL of wire rope. Diameter in mm squared x 8 = SWL in kg. Dmm x Dmm x 8 = SWL kgs 87 State the rule of thumb formula to calculate the diameter of the wire rope sling required to lift a specified load? Square root of load in kg/8 = Diameter mm. Square root of load divided by 8 = mm A B 88 A B State the rule of thumb formula to calculate the SWL of a grade 80 lifting chain? Diameter in mm squared x 32 = SWL in kg or Diameter in mm squared x 0.4 x grade = SWL in kg. Dmm x Dmm x80 x .4 = SWL kgs 89 A B State the formula for calculating the WLL of grade 30 to grade 75 lifting chain? Diameter in mm squared x 0.3 x grade of chain = SWL in kg. Dmm x Dmm x G x 0.3 = SWL in kg SWL of slings (select 4) 90 A B What is the SWL of a 12mm diameter wire rope sling? 12mm x 12mm x 8fswr = 1152 kg. 12 mm x 12 mm x 8 = 1152 kg 91 A B What is the diameter of a single leg wire rope sling that is required to hoist a 2048 kg load Square root of (2048/8) = 16 mm. Square root of 2048 divided by 8 = 16 mm 92 A B What is the SWL of flexible steel wire rope (FSWR)16mm in diameter 16mm x 16mm x 8fswr = 2048 kg. 16mm x 16mm x 8 = 2048kg Page 12 of 20 Aus Loadshifting- 0416 15 5052 Licence to operate an Excavator Questions and Answers- Summary Student InformationIf you have RPL questions l-23/ 75-96 and 112-119 93 A B When a sling is reeved around a square load how is the WLL/SWL altered? Reduces SWL/WLL by 50%. 50% reduction in SWL 94 What is the SWL of an 8mm diameter flexible steel wire rope (FSWR)? 8mm x 8mm x 8fswr = 512 kg. 8 mm x 8mm x 8 = 512 kg Options 242 kg 800 kg 2592kg 5.5mm -242 kg 10mm - 800 kg 18mm - 2592kg A B A B 95 A B What is the SWL of a 12mm mild steel chain 12mm x 12mm x 30g x 0.3sf = 1296 kg. 12 mm x 12mm x 3 0 x 0 . 3 = 1296 kg. 96 A B What is the SWL of a 7.1mm diameter 80-grade chain? 7.1x7.1x32 = 1613.12 kg. 7.1mm x 7.1mm x 80 x .4 =1613.12 kg For variation of question 96 use: .8mm grade 80 .10 mm grade 30 .13mm grade 80 Variation 2048 kg 900 kg 5408 kg 2048 kg 900 kg 5408 kg A B Performance criteria 2.1.3 (12 including 6 with a star) 97 What is the danger of slewing with a load when the turntable is not level? A The machine could overturn B The machine could overturn 98 It permissible for loads to be slewed over the cabin of the truck been loaded? Explain your answer. No. The driver of the truck may be in the cabin and in the event of an accident the bucket could strike the cabin, or load could be dropped on the cabin. No. Driver may be in cabin. If the load falls it could strike the cabin Page 13 of 20 A B Aus Loadshifting- 0416 15 5052 Licence to operate an Excavator Questions and Answers- Summary Student InformationIf you have RPL questions 1-23, 75-96 and 112-119 99 A B 100 List three precautions that must be considered when dumping material into a truck using an excavator? • The truck must be correctly positioned • No load must pass over the cabin of the truck • A layer of soil must be laid first to take the impact if large rocks are to be loaded • The loaded bucket must be within the SWL of the machine. • The truck must be correctly positioned • Don't load over cabin • A layer of soil must be laid first A B What action should be taken if you discover a large rock in the side of a trench that you are digging? The Rock should be removed Remove the rock immediately 101 How far must people be kept away from the excavator when it is digging? A The operating radius of the machine. B Outside operating radius of machine- in view of operator 102 Name two methods that should be used to prevent a cave in of a trench or excavation? A Shoring, battering, benching or trench shields, B Shoring, battering, benching 103 What would be the indications that you are excavating quiet close to an underground service? Observe the spoil. The appearance of the following foreign materials is an indication that the area has been previously excavated: A • Crushed blue metal -Plastic tape 'Clean sand -Sand bags -Broken tiles -Moisture Any other unusual material B • Moisture -Crushed blue metal -Plastic tape -Clean sand 104 B While excavating you suspect there could be an underground service in the area of the excavation, what action would you take? Stop operating immediately and hand dig to investigate further and check relevant statutory authority maps and plans. Stop operating hand dig and check council maps 105 A B How high must the bucket be kept above the ground when driving forward? Only high enough to provide ground clearance at all times. High enough to clear obstacles A Page 14 of 20 Aus Loadshifting- 0416 15 5052 Licence to operate an Excavator Questions and Answers- Summary Student InformationIf you have RPL questions 1-23, 75-96 and 112-119 106 The load you are going to lift is likely to swing how would you prevent this from happening? A Attach tag lines to the load. B Attach tag lines to the load. 107 Before reversing a machine what precaution should be taken? A Look back over both shoulders to ensure the path of travel is clear. Sound horn twice before moving unless there is a reversing/motion alarm fitted. B Look over both shoulders- sound horn twice unless fitted with a buzzer. Check pathway clear 108 When loading trucks using an excavator, where should the truck driver and other observers be? A All persons must be in view of the operator and at a safe distance from the loading operation. B In view of the operator and a safes distances from Loading operations 109 What is the minimum diameter size tag that can be used to control loads? A Not less then 16 mm diameter B 16mm 110 How are vehicles/machines stopped from coming too close to an excavation? A By using barricades and warning signs. B By barricades and warning signs lights 111 What are the dangers of driving your excavator close to the edge of an excavation? A The excavation could collapse causing the excavator to overturn or to fall into the excavation. B The excavation could collapse. Tip machine over Performance criteria 2.1.5 ( 4 questions) 112 Interpret the following Signal A Stop B Stop 113 Interpret the following Signal A Boom Down B Boom Down Page 15 of 20 Aus Loadshifting- 0416 15 5052 Licence to operate an Excavator Questions and Answers- Summary Student InformationIf you have RPL questions 1-23, 75-96 and 112-119 114 Interpret the following Signal A Boom up B Boom up 115 Interpret the following Signal A Slew Right B Slew Right 116 Interpret the following Signal A Slew Left B Slew Left 117 Interpret the following Signal A Retract boom B Retract boom 118 Interpret the following Signal A Extend boom B Extend boom 119 Interpret the following Signal A Travel and traverse B Travel and traverse Performance criteria 2.1.6 ( 1 question) with a star. 120 How far away from an excavation must material be dumped? A ^ Not closer than 1 metre with material coming to rest no closer than 0.5 metres from the excavation. B At least 1 metre not falling within 0.5 metres from excavation Performance criteria 2.1.7 ( 4 including 2 with a star) 121 How would you dismount a machine that contacted live power lines, which could not be released, or the power turned off? A Jump well clear of machine ensuring contact with the ground and machine is not at the same time. B Jump well clear without contacting the ground and machine at same time Page 16 of 20 ^ Aus Loadshifting- 0416 15 5052 Licence to operate an Excavator Questions and Answers- Summary Student InformationIf you have RPL questions 1-23, 75-96 and 112-119 122 If the slings shifted on a load been hoisted, what action would you take? A Carefully lower the load to the ground and have the slings re-positioned and secured. B Lower load to ground re-position slings 123 If you accidentally damaged an underground electrical cable, whom would you immediately contact to render the power supply safe? A Supervisor who would contact the electrical supply authority. B Supervisor and Electrical supplier 124 The excavator you are operating overheats and needs to be checked for coolant level. What precautions would you take prior to removing the radiator cap and topping up the coolant? A Allow the machine to cool down, use a cloth to protect from hot water burns and remove the radiator cap slowly. B Allow machine to cool down, remove cap slowly protect yourself from burns 125 If you are operating an excavator and it makes contact with powerlines what should you do? A • Stay calm, remain in seat, warn others to keep away, try to break contact by I lowering bucket (if possible), try and get someone to switch off the power • If it is unsafe to remain on the machine -jump well clear of the machine,, don't make contact with the ground and the machine at the same time. If you have made contact with underground power cables, be aware the area around the machine could be electrified. • Remain a safe distance from the machine and warn others to keep clear. Have someone notify the site manager/supervisor who should report immediately to the appropriate authority. B id -Stay calm ,trys ar'Ö6†°t%à@ power Aus Loadshifting- 0416 15 5052 Licence to operate an Excavator Questions and Answers- Summary Student InformationIf you have RPL questions 1-23, 75-96 and 112-119 UNIT 3 - SHUT DOWN EQUIPMENT Performance criteria 3.1.1 (3 questions) 126 Name three areas where you would not park the excavator A Access ways, near overhangs, refuelling sites, tidal or flood areas, adjacent to an excavation. B Access ways, refuelling sites, flood areas, near excavation 127 When leaving the excavator what should be done with all hydraulically raised attachments? A Attachments should be lowered with the cutting edge flat on ground and pressure removed from hydraulic lines. B Lower all attachments to ground- release hydraulic pressure 128 What type of surface is the ideal type to park an excavator on? A A firm level surface. B Firm level 129 What is the danger of parking near an excavation? A The weight of the excavator could cause the excavation to cave in, particularly if the ground is effected by rain. B Excavation could cause a cave-in an, tip machine over 130 A Describe the correct way to park an excavator. Park on level ground, apply park brake or place in park, lower bucket to ground. with cutting blade resting on the ground, turn off machine B Park on level ground apply brakes. Lower all attachments, remove key cutting edge flat Performance criteria 3.1.3 (1 question) 131 What post-operational checks of an excavator should the operator carry out? A Check the machine and equipment for defects and wear. Check the oil, fuel and water levels. B Check for defects, check oil fuel and water levels. Page 18 of 20 Aus Loadshifting- 0416 15 5052 Licence to operate an Excavator Questions and Answers- Summary Student InformationIf you have RPL questions 1-23, 75-96 and 112-119 SECURE SITE: Performance criteria 3.2.1 ( 2 questions) 132 What shall be provided when an excavator has to be parked on or protrudes on to an access way? A Barricades, Lights and signs B Barricades, Lights and signs 133 For what reason should the key be removed from ignition of the machine? A To prevent unauthorised movement B To stop unauthorised use 134 A Before leaving the site what must be provided to restrict access to the site? Barricades or fences, B Barricades, lights and signs 135 List eight things that must be done when parking the machine? A • Parked away from access ways • Overhangs • Fuelling site • Parked away from excavations and trenches • Parked clear of fire hazardards • Parked clear of entrances, exits • Parked away from fire fighting and electrical equipment • Parked on firm level ground or if on an incline facing up the slope • Lower bucket with cutting edge on ground • Engine stopped in accordance with manufacturer's operation manual B (idle engine before turning off) • Secure parking brake or leave in park position • Remove keys. • Park away from access ways • Fuel sites • Excavations • Trenches • Fire hazards • Overhangs • Exits • Electrical equipment Page 19 of 20 Aus Loadshifting- 0416 15 5052 Licence to operate an Excavator Questions and Answers- Summary Student InformationIf you have RPL questions 1-23, 75-96 and 112-119 (U LO r^ 15 CD 'X- LO CD LO CD CD CD i-H LO vp ** cn c5 .— wo fNl CD 'I'"" 1 cn CD 'CNJ CD CD ro 'CD CD CNJ 4H CNJ -rH CD CD •rH CD CD CO CO •rH -X- & CO ^C T-H , •*-' C. ^ -O _—i ~ ^ O -r-j VJ CD CD CD VO CD CD CO cn CD * o CD LO LO CD LO «. o <LO -CD :o CD cn VO 'LO Jf CO CD.' 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Conduct routine checks on excavator (demonstrated at least 7 elements) Q Complete walk around machine Q Load chart L) Check underneath machine for any water or oil leaks Q Tyre condition and pressure or track condition / tension Q Fuel Q Oil levels in slew motor (if applicable) [_) Engine oil 1—I hydraulic oil level Q Air pre-cleaner Q air filter / indicator Q coolant Q Battery Security, water level and cleanliness 2. Visual checks of structure/ attachment for defects (demonstrated at least 6 elements) >* Q Attachments for condition, damage and security Q Quick hitch attachment/ safety locking device Q Falling objects protective structure (FOPS) 01 Roll-over protective structure (ROPS) Q Any loose nuts, bolts and couplings Q structure damage Q Bucket for any damage, missing, worn or loose teeth [_) Cutting blades Q Check grease fittings and grease pins Q hoses, fitting and hydraulic rams for oil leaks Q Connections for security of pins or keeper plates RTO 91544_02112011 Page 2 of 7 LE_24 3. Checks other equipment for defects (demonstrated at least 4 elements) >* Q Approved lifting lug Q wire slings Q chain slings D Synthetic slings Q Shackles Q other lifting gear Plan Work and Check Equipment 4. Inspect site and plan work: All hazards are identified where Applicable (demonstrated at least 8 elements) Q Powerlines L-l trees Q overhead services Q Bridges Q obstructions Q personnel in the area Ll Surrounding buildings Q dangerous materials Q Other equipment in the area Q recently filled trenches Q Underground services 5. Conducts pre-operational start-up checks in accordance with manufacturer's specifications/ operating manual : (demonstrated at least 10 elements) Q Window clean Q mounts correctly Q adjust seat Q Fasten seat belt Q park brake on Q gauges Q Transmission in neutral Q start engine 01 check steering O Movement attachments Q clear for travel Q Warning devices/ warning light / horn Q Foot brake moving forward and reverse Q Parking brake moving forward and reverse RTO 91544_02112011 Page 3 of 7 LE_24 6. Plans route and controls hazards: All hazards are identified and controlled (demonstrated at least 2 elements) >* Q For loads being moved Q Traffic control considered Q Appropriate PPE for the job and site requirements: e.g Steel cap shoes, high visible clothing and hard hat Unit 2: Shift Load 7. Fits appropriate equipment for the task: (demonstrated at least 3 elements) Q Suitable tools used Q change buckets Q Correct procedure adopted >* Q secures catches C_l work safely 8. Drives to the work area : (demonstrated at least 4 elements) >* Q Select correct controls Q raises attachments smoothly Q Ensures travel direction clear of personnel and obstacles Q Travels at safe speed Q Carries bucket at safe travelling height and crowed back RTO 91544_02112011 Page 4 of 7 LE_24 9. Operates Excavator: Sets up excavator and excavates (demonstrated at least 20 elements) Applies brake ensures turntable is reasonably level Checks control movements smoothly operates controls Completes task in logical sequence t— I Moves load safely Crowds bucket to fill picks up material Competently shift material equipment operated at a safe speed C_l Ensure direction of slew is clear Uses appropriate path of travel Cuts trench to specifications Moves load safely Demonstrates excavation around a pipe ensures direction of travel clear Minimises spillage and ground damage smoothly raises and dumps load Has the truck positioned for easy loading Loads placed to ensure stability Approaches truck (or trench) correctly maintains stockpile and working surface [_] Repositions bucket ready for reload Q lowers load to designated location L_l Personnel and plant clear of operating radius / area Q Deposits material the required distance from excavation 10. Identifies the following signals: (demonstrated at least 6 elements) Stop - hand Slew right- hand RTO 91544 02112011 boom up - hand Ql boom down - hand Q Slew left - hand travel and traverse Page 5 of 7 LE 24 11. Consolidates and levels surface (demonstrated at least 3 elements) D Consolidates fill with excavator Q levels surface with bucket blade LI Excess fill for natural compaction Q maintain level surface to work from Unit 3: Shuts Down Equipment and Secures Site: 12. Shuts down equipment and secures site: (demonstrated at least 7 elements) ^ Q Parks equipment in a suitable location away from danger areas Q Attachments lowered to the ground Q teeth/ cutting edge of bucket on ground D Neutralises controls Q applies parking brake Q Idles down, shuts down and locks ignition Q moves controls to release pressure (—1 Applies safety lock Q dismounts correctly RTO 91544_02112011 Page 6 of 7 Q Removes the key LE_24 Formative assessment summaryThese are the results you will need to be deemed competent: Knowledge Assessment Number of Operational Critical Area Unit questions required Number of Critical achieved Number of non-critical Required 1 16 (RPL 4) 21 (RPL 8) 2 12(1) 18 (RPL 15) 3 0 5 (RPL 0) Unit Competent Not yet competent 2 1 3 Performance Assessment Number Operational Area Unit required 1 5 2 6 3 1 Unit Competent Not yet competent RTO 91544 02112011 1 2 Number of non-critical achieved Number achieved 3 Page 7 of 7 LE 24 2 • '--; AUS LOADSH1FTING Phone: 0416 15 5052 WWW.ausloadshifting.com.au Index: SWL = Safe Working Load D = Diameter G = Grade SF = Safety Factor KG= Kilograms MM= Millimetres FSWR = Flexible steel wire rope Rope: Dmm x Dmm = SWL kg FSWR: Dmm x Dmm x 8 = SWL kg Chain: Dmm x Dmm x G x SF = SWL kg Codes Grade 30 L M P S 40 60-75 J T V 80 100 1 j 50 (8 = factor) (G x SF = factor) 1 L f .3 4 Sling Dmm needed for specific load Load (kg) -=- F = Dmm (Loader backhoe is in tonnes) E.g FSWR V Load (kg) -r 8 = DMM ChainV Load (kg) -=- (G x SF) = DMM Example to lift 2048 kg with FSWR 2048kg -=- 8 = 256 V = 16mm Example to lift 2048 kg with 80 grade chain 2048kg -=- 32= 64 J~^ 8mm (80 x .4 = 32)( G x SF) RTO 91544_22112011 Page 1 of 1 Gen_06 Trading under the RTO banner of- 91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Formulas- Student Revision Student Name: FSWR SWL KG Rule of thumb formula: 10mm 8mm 6mm 12mm 16mm 20mm 22mm Chain SWL KG Rule of thumb formula: 10mm 80q 12mm 60g 8mm 30-60g 16mm 80g 8mm 80g 12mm 80g RTO_91544_formulas revision 16092011 Page 1 of 2 Gen 07 Trading under the RTO banner of- 91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Formulas- Student Revision FSWR Diameter Needed Rule of thumb formula: 2048 kg 5000 kg 4500 kg 3500 kg 4.5 tonne 3.2 tonne RTO_91544_formulas revision 16092011 Page 2 of 2 Gen 07 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student Rpl questions 1 to 23, 75 to 96 and 112 to 119 Name: Date: CHECKS. Performance criteria 1.1.1 (12 including 4 with a star) 1 What precautions must be taken when inspecting under a raised attachment? Name three defects to look for when inspecting the hydraulic system. When should slings be inspected? What % wear in a shackle would cause it to be discarded? What action should you take with tracks that are loose? How would you know when the machine that you are operating should be serviced? Why are you not permitted to join a chain sling with a bolt? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 1 of 23 LE 11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student What percentage of broken wires within a rope lay or eight diameters of a wire rope sling would cause it to be discarded? List six defects that would condemn a flexible steel wire rope (FSWR) from safe use? 10 List six defects that would condemn a lifting chain and hook from safe use? 11 What must you do if the SWL tag is missing from the chain sling? 12 How do you fill machine tyres with water ballast? 13 What defects would you look for when carrying out the external check on the bucket of an excavator? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 2 of 23 LE_11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 14 What defects would you look for on the hydraulic rams and hydraulic pressure hoses? 15 When would you check the excavator transmission fluid? 16 What checks would you conduct on the tracks of an excavator? 17 How would you check the tension on the tracks of an excavator? 18 What is the minimum and the maximum track sag allowable? 19 How would you find out the correct track sag or tension for a specific machine? 20 What effect would a hydraulic leak in the quick hitch line have on the security of the bucket on an excavator? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 3 of 23 LE 11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 21 What would you look for on an attachment to ensure it will not fall off? 22 What action would you take if during the routine check you found excessive wear in the power arms and connections that made the excavator dangerous to operate? 23 What would you do if a strand were broken in a flexible steel wire sling? Performance criteria 1.1.2 ( 2 including 1 with a star) 24 What must be done to a lowered bucket before travelling on a road? 25 What must be provided on an excavator before it is used as a crane? 26 If a single wire in a sling was broken could you use the sling? Explain your answer. ^^^^^^^ RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 4 of 23 LE_11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student PLAN WORK Performance criteria 1.2.1 ( 9 including 4 with a star) 27 What underground services would you check for before starting to excavate? 28 Who should be contacted in order to find out the location of underground services? 29 Name six hazards that must be checked on the work site before operating the excavator? 30 What is the minimum distance any part of the excavator is allowed to operate from: a) Distribution powerlines b) High voltage transmission lines NOTE: Assessors must ensure that the applicant is aware of State Authority regulations. 31 What precautions should you take when cutting a trench across a footpath? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 5 of 23 LE 11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 32 If using an excavator to lay pipes in a trench, what precautions should be taken? 33 What precautions would you take if a person were in a trench while you are lowering pipe into the trench? 34 Name five (5) site hazards checks that you would make of the work area? 35 What is the danger of starting and running an internal combustion engine in an enclosed space? 36 What action must be taken before starting up and whilst operating an internal combustion engine in an enclosed space? 37 What must be provided and maintained on the exhaust of an internal combustion engine when operated in a confined space? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 6 of 23 LE_11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 38 Why is it important to keep the floor plates free from oil, grease and tools? Performance criteria 1.2.2 ( 7 including 3 with a star) 39 What must be provided to prevent a person falling into a trench? 40 When should hearing protection (ear muffs) be worn? 41 When a danger exists on a site what should be posted or erected to warn people of the danger? 42 When should an operator wear a safety helmet? 43 When would you be required to shore an excavation? 44 What is the minimum type of footwear that an operator should wear to operate loadshifting equipment? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 7 of 23 LE_11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision AM questions- Student 45 Under what conditions can a passenger ride on a machine with the operator? 46 How do you calculate the cubic capacity of the bucket of an excavator? 47 What are two conditions that would result in a trench shield or shoring been used? 48 You have to cut an excavation deeper than 1.5m. The workers have to enter this excavation and there is a likelihood that the walls may collapse. Using the excavator what could you do to make the excavation safe to enter? 49 You have to load a truck with large boulders using your excavator. You are on the same level as the truck. What are the dangers? Performance criteria 1.2.3 ( 2 questions) 50 When travelling on a sloping surface which is the safest route of travel? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 8 of 23 LE_11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 51 What gear should be selected to travel down a steep sloping surface? 52 What hazards would you check for on a travel route before moving the excavator to perform work? 53 To travel down or up a steep incline would you change gears on the incline or select the appropriate gear before travelling on the incline? Performance criteria 1.2.4 ( 1 question) 54 What documentation would you be required to obtain from an authorised person to operate an excavator in a hazardous working area? 55 What must you obtain before digging up a footpath with an excavator? Performance criteria 1.2.5 ( 3 including 1 with a star) 56 What attachment would you fit to an excavator to break up reinforced concrete? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 9 of 23 LE 11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 57 When an excavator is used in a demolition process what must be provided on the machine to protect the operator? 58 Name four types of attachments that may be used on an excavator? 59 On a construction site who would you contact to confirm the job requirements for the work to be performed with the excavator? 60 How do you select the appropriate bucket to perform the excavation work? CHECK CONTROLS AND EQUIPMENT: Performance criteria 1.3.1 (9 including 2 with a star) 61 What action would you take if you noticed a bulge form in one of the machine hydraulic hoses? 62 When should the operator carry out tests, checks and inspections on the excavator that is to be operated? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 10 of 23 LE_11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 63 Describe how you would safely mount/dismount an excavator. 64 Where can the start up/shut down procedures for each excavator be found? 65 Before performing the work with an excavator, what should you do if you have not used the machine before? 66 On mounting the excavator what should you do before attempting to start the engine? 67 Once sitting in the operator's seat and before driving off, what should you do for safety and comfort? 68 What should be referred to for the correct start up and shut down procedure for the equipment? 69 Before moving off what should be done with grounded attachments? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 11 of 23 LE_11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 70 Before reversing an excavator, what action should you take? 71 Your excavator has run out of diesel, you refill the tank but the motor will not start. What could be the possible cause? Performance criteria 1.3.2 ( 1 question) with a star. 72 What action would you take with damage and defects found on the machine? UNIT 2 - SHIFT LOAD: Performance criteria 2.1.1 ( 2 questions) with a star. 73 Why are you not allowed to hoist persons with the bucket of an excavator? 74 Why are you not allowed to attached slings to the teeth of the bucket? Performance criteria 2.1.2 ( 2 including 1 with a star) 75 You are required to operate an excavator on soft and uneven ground. What effect would this have on the load you could raise and carry with the excavator? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 12 of 23 LE_11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 76 How would you establish the load that can be safely lifted by an excavator? 77 What must be provided on an excavator to attach slings so that the excavator may be used as a crane? Load Charts ( 1 question) 78 From excavator load chart "Appendix A" what is the SWL to be hoisted over the side at a radius of 3.0 metre and at a hook height of 3.0 metres? 79 From excavator load chart "Appendix A" what is the SWL to be hoisted over the side at a radius of 6.1 metre and at a hook height of (minus) - 3.0 metres? Weight of materials ( 2 questions) 80 List two ways that you would assess the weight of a load to be hoisted? 81 What is the approximate weight of cubic metre of concrete? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 13 of 23 LE 11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 82 Of topsoil or clay which is harder to excavate, push and spread? Load factors (2 questions) 83 What effect does a choker hitch around a square load have on the SWL for the sling? 84 A four legged bridle sling arrangement is attached to a rigid load. How many and which sling legs would be assumed to support the load? 85 What effect does a choker hitch around a round load have on the SWL for a wire rope sling? Rule of thumb formula ( 2 questions) 86 State the rule of thumb formula to calculate the SWL of wire rope. 87 State the rule of thumb formula to calculate the diameter of the wire rope sling required to lift a specified load? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 14 of 23 LE_11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 88 State the rule of thumb formula to calculate the SWL of a grade 80 lifting chain? 89 State the formula for calculating the WLL of grade 30 to grade 75 lifting chain? SWL of slings (select 4) 90 What is the SWL of a 12mm diameter wire rope sling? 91 What is the diameter of a single leg wire rope sling that is required to hoist a 2048 kg load 92 What is the SWL of flexible steel wire rope (FSWR)16mm in diameter 93 When a sling is reeved around a square load how is the WLL/SWL altered? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 15 of 23 LE_11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 94 What is the SWL of an 8mm diameter flexible steel wire rope (FSWR)? 95 What is the SWL of a 12mm mild steel chain 96 What is the SWL of a 7.1mm diameter 80-grade chain? Performance criteria 2.1.3 (12 including 6 with a star) 97 What is the danger of slewing with a load when the turntable is not level? 98 It permissible for loads to be slewed over the cabin of the truck been loaded? Explain your answer. RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 16 of 23 LE_11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 99 List three precautions that must be considered when dumping material into a truck using an excavator? 100 What action should be taken if you discover a large rock in the side of a trench that you are digging? 101 How far must people be kept away from the excavator when it is digging? 102 Name two methods that should be used to prevent a cave in of a trench or excavation? 103 What would be the indications that you are excavating quiet close to an underground service? 104 While excavating you suspect there could be an underground service in the area of the excavation, what action would you take? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 17 of 23 LE 11 Trading under the RTO banner of-91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 105 How high must the bucket be kept above the ground when driving forward? 106 The load you are going to lift is likely to swing how would you prevent this from happening? 107 Before reversing a machine what precaution should be taken? 108 When loading trucks using an excavator, where should the truck driver and other observers be? 109 What is the minimum diameter size tag that can be used to control loads? 110 How are vehicles/machines stopped from coming too close to an excavation? 111 What are the dangers of driving your excavator close to the edge of an excavation? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 18 of 23 LE_11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student Performance criteria 2.1.5 ( 4 questions) 112 Interpret the following Signal 113 Interpret the following Signal 114 Interpret the following Signal 115 Interpret the following Signal 116 Interpret the following Signal 117 Interpret the following Signal 118 Interpret the following Signal 119 Interpret the following Signal Performance criteria 2.1.6 ( 1 question) with a star. 120 How far away from an excavation must material be dumped? Performance criteria 2.1.7 ( 4 including 2 with a star) 121 How would you dismount a machine that contacted live power lines, which could not be released, or the power turned off? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 19 of 23 IE 11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 122 If the slings shifted on a load been hoisted, what action would you take? 123 If you accidentally damaged an underground electrical cable, whom would you immediately contact to render the power supply safe? 124 The excavator you are operating overheats and needs to be checked for coolant level. What precautions would you take prior to removing the radiator cap and topping up the coolant? 125 If you are operating an excavator and it makes contact with powerlines what should you do? UNIT 3 - SHUT DOWN EQUIPMENT Performance criteria 3.1.1 (3 questions) 126 Name three areas where you would not park the excavator RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 20 of 23 LE_11 Trading under the RTO banner of -91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 127 When leaving the excavator what should be done with all hydraulically raised attachments? 128 What type of surface is the ideal type to park an excavator on? 129 What is the danger of parking near an excavation? 130 Describe the correct way to park an excavator. Performance criteria 3.1.3 (1 question) 131 What post-operational checks of an excavator should the operator carry out? SECURE SITE: Performance criteria 3.2.1 ( 2 questions) 132 What shall be provided when an excavator has to be parked on or protrudes on to an access way? 133 For what reason should the key be removed from ignition of the machine? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 21 of 23 LE 11 Trading under the RTO banner of-91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 134 Before leaving the site what must be provided to restrict access to the site? 135 List eight things that must be done when parking the machine? RTO_91544_revision all questions 16092011 Page 22 of 23 LE_11 Trading under the RTO banner of-91544 OHSCER205A Operate an Excavator Revision All questions- Student 'CD M LO, r*^ S ":iC" ••^. CD v/J ~& ' •?.t& CD' 5 x^Lji o U} § Vj o o CD LO fifr JJ4D *> "*"4l QC! ~£J g S lo •^ CD CD 3 iS rH '^1 t^5 cu ^r CD CD ,-r—1 ^fc CD LO •rsi CD cn o to 4"-1 ,^ "£ LJU JC 1 S '"•"i ;-TO OD CD LO S ~X- >CD CD CTk CD LO CD, VO CD CD CD YNJ CD a-» & ->c CD CD CD CD CD cn CD CD, 'CO ro *$ CD CD LO . • ^i CL. 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