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The European Round Table on Sustainable Consumption and Production
ERSCP-2012
BUOYANCY ENERGY
Giovani Ferreira de Almeida
Brasil
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INTRODUCTION
This work, in the form of Basic Guided Research, analyzes the behavior of a liquid, under balance, in a compartmented space and the possibility of lifting its piezometric quota
by the gravity force combined the buoyancy force and use this particular to generate hydro mechanic energy and electric energy.
TEXT
HYDROSTATIC—PRESSURE ON LIQUIDS ARE DETERMINATE BY THE HEIGHT OF THE LIQUID
“To a height h of liquid corresponds a pressure e, inversely, whenever there is a pressure, it is possible to represent it by a height, effective or fictitious, of liquid; such a fact is
of great importance in terms of being practical, since in technical problems it is frequent to express pressure by the corresponding heights of liquid.”
PRESSURE ON LIQUIDS, CONTAINING PARTICLES IN SUSPENSION
In this case, depending on the concentration of the suspended material, the particles, when suspended, force the liquid to exercise a sustaining effort, thus increasing its
pressure, and there is a displacement of the piezometric line above the geometric line of the liquid in consequence of the increase its specific weight:
“Bodies in solution or in suspension have little change in the water mass and it’s specific weight. Sea water weighs 1020 to 1030 kg/m³, exceptionally reaching 1050 kg/m³; in
waters containing lots of suspended material, the specific weight may reach 1100 kg/m³.”
Now consider the possibility that all the particles in suspension in a compartmented liquid get together under the effect of any catalyst and form a large body with lower
density than that of the liquid, which remains floating inside a reservoir, in this case there is only one suspended body, but the sustaining effort continues and also the
piezometric line will be above the geometric line of the liquid.
COMMUNICATING RECEPTACLES
“ When the same liquid is in communicating receptacles, the free surfaces in each receptacle are horizontal and all the surfaces are in the same horizontal plane..., in two
different receptacles in any format, united one to the other , the set forms but a sole receptacle.”
Communicating receptacles are in equilibrium due to their pressure; The FIGURE 1 below presents a reservoir with a floating semi sphere inside, the semi sphere has a
pipeline ii its Center axis, allowing the ascension of the liquid which unlevelling represents the additional pressure exercised by the gravity action on the mass of the floating
semi sphere.
Note that a “p” water particle contained on the side of the receptacle supports the above liquid column weight and the weight of the semi sphere, equally distributed by the
sustaining area.
Now a p’ particle inside the central pipeline has on it only the weight of the water column, which is leveled above to allow the piezometric equilibrium of the liquid mass.
HYDRODIMAMICS—ENERGY ESCAPE
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Suppose that an “h” depth below the water level in the central pipeline, in a structural failure, a little orifice appears with small area through which there was a liquid vein exits,
we will have a minimum liquid discharge. ( FIGURE 2 )
MOVEMENTS SEQUENCE ANALYSIS
When analyzing the movements, we must take into consideration that the sequence presented occurs in a small time interval, almost simultaneously.
At the first moment, in an equilibrated moment, the system loses equilibrium due to the pressure loss caused by the structure failure;
The pressure loss causes the exit of the liquid particles, take an little time, when the first fluid mass particles flow ( m ) leaving an opening inside the pipeline;
An movement due to gravity action causes the fall of the particles located above the structure failure to fill in the space left by the falling particles;
Such it causes a small unlevelling on the height of the pipeline liquid column, which causes a small piezometric unlevel between the particles located inside the pipeline and
the particles sustaining the semi-sphere;
Due to the pressure difference an ascendant water particles flow appears through inside the pipeline, pointing out that the ascending flow is superior to the orifice discharge
flow, in view it small dimensions;
In a simultaneous movement, the mass coming out of the orifice loses energy when entering the atmosphere by pulverization and evaporation, but a large part of this mass
gets speed load (tachyload) and falls into the larger reservoir by gravity action, which in an infinitesimal time interval equilibrates the system, but is followed by a new mass of
subsequent water.
To get this system leveled and, consequently, stop the water ascension and fall movement, it is necessary to eliminate the orifice or canalize the water coming from it out of
the reservoir.
POSSIBLE RESULTING HYDRAULIC MECHANISMS
An initial form of Applied Research presented on FIGURE 3 is a schematic model of the structure, which contains the characteristics previously described, associated to a turbine for using the energy generated by the water fall.
One can notice that the exit orifice was replaces by a pipeline, which is attached to a turbine to use the hydro-mechanic energy from the water fall.
FINAL PROVISIONS
This work, in the form of Basic Guided Research, approached the possibility of using only gravitational force to create an unlevelling situation, based on the pressure transmission principle and the difference of density between bodies.
In form of an initial Applied Research, it presented a mechanical model for the use of this particularity to produce clean energy.
Figure 1: Semi sphere with inside pipeline
Figure 2: pipeline with orifice
Figure: 3 schematic model
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