Semantically rich 3D GIS
–
a Case Study in Cultural Heritage
Karel Jedlička
–
University of West Bohemia
Content
• An excursion to history
• What is 3D GIS?
• 3D GIS in cultural heritage
2015
• Surrounded by online maps
2015
• 3D apps emerging
How was it in the past?
• Let‘s go 20 years backwards
• How looked online maps in 1995?
Online maps in 1995
1992 – 1994
• 1992
– Governments around the world connect to the
Internet
– (Czechoslovakia connected at 13th of February)
• 1993
– Marc Andreessen developps Mosaic, first WWW
browser (and gives it for free)
• 1994
– Netscape Navigator
• …
1995?
1995?
1995?
2001
• mapy.seznam.cz
????
2005
2005
What is 3D GIS?
•
•
•
•
Attribute data (1D)
Maps (2D)
Digital Terrain Model (2,5D)
Full 3D data (mostly detailed antropogenic
objects).
What is 3D GIS?
•
•
•
•
Attribute data (1D)
Maps (2D)
Digital Terrain Model (2,5D)
Full 3D data (mostly detailed antropogenic
objects).
River
name
length
flow
...
What is 3D GIS?
• Main trouble of most of current 3D visualizations?
Semantically rich 3D GIS
• Respect 2D GIS concepts:
– (geographic) data base
– Cartographic aspect
– Analytical aspect
• Hence in 3D:
– Connection to existing attribute databases
– Composed of (1D, 2D, 2.5 and 3D data)
– Using (and evolving) 3D cartography
– 3D analytical tools
3D GIS – a Case Study in Cultural Heritage
• Motivation :
– Curators of castles and chateaux are looking for a data
model which would allow more detailed registers than
existing national model (paGIS) and national register
(IISPP).
• Project goal:
– Create a comprehensive geographic data model suitable
for database management of information about an areal of
a castle or chateau.
3D GIS – a Case Study in Cultural Heritage
• Conception
– Cultural heritage has to be:
•
•
•
•
both protected and publicly accessed,
well identified and registered,
maintained and restored,
managed and presented.
– Thus it is necessary to find a unifying tool :
• (3D) GIS linking to existing
registers
3D GIS – a Case Study in Cultural Heritage
• User requirements – basic:
– The model has to be compatible to national 1D/2D data
model paGIS.
– The model has to allow access to geographic data in
different ways:
1D
2D
2,5D
3D
3D GIS – a Case Study in Cultural Heritage
• User requirements in detail:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Interoperability to national systems
Smooth transition
Openness and future expandability
Completeness and sufficient detail
Awareness of a spatial threshold:
a)
b)
c)
Full-valued (3D) representation of the object shape (and a 2D
footprint for purposes of 2D management).
Point representation of object’s position.
Indirect spatial representation.
6. Hybrid 2D / 3D access.
3D GIS – a Case Study in Cultural Heritage
• Conception of areal passport
– Decomposition:
• Areal boundaries identification.
• Areal division into sub-elements.
• Divison to immovables and
movables.
– Building division.
– Movables portrayed in map:
» by their shape,
» by their reference point,
» by the reference
3D GIS – a Case Study in Cultural Heritage
• Decomposition:
– areal and its boundaries,
– exterior sub-elements,
–…
3D GIS – a Case Study in Cultural Heritage
3D GIS – a Case Study in Cultural Heritage
3D GIS – a Case Study in Cultural Heritage
Room
Chapel- sacral part
Chapel- sacral part
Chapel- sacral part
Chapel- sacral part
Chapel- sacral part
Chapel- sacral part
Chapel- sacral part
Chapel- sacral part
Chapel- sacral part
Chapel- sacral part
Chapel- sacral part
….
Inventory number
KZ00040
KZ00249
KZ00266
KZ00317
KZ00337b001
KZ00337b002
KZ00337b003
KZ00337b004
KZ00337b005
KZ00337b006
KZ00337b007
…
• Decomposition:
– Interior sub-elements,
– storeys, rooms, …
Item
A kneeler
A cabinet
A desk
A chair
An altar, an angel
An altar, an angel
An altar,a little angel
A little angel
A head of a little angel
A head of a little angel
A lamb
…
3D GIS – a Case Study in Cultural Heritage
• Connection to other systems:
– Movables
• (CASTIS)
• Decomposition:
– Interior sub-elements,
– movables x immovables…
3D GIS – a Case Study in Cultural Heritage
… but still a part of the whole!
3D GIS – a Case Study in Cultural Heritage
• Reality
x
• 3D model
3D GIS – a Case Study in Cultural Heritage
• 2D versus 3D
3D GIS – a Case Study in Cultural Heritage
3D GIS – a Case Study in Cultural Heritage
How to realize 3D GIS?
Surveying
•
Interoperability tools
Transforming
measurements to
coordinates
•
Data
transfers
CAD
•
Drawing 3D models
GIS
•
•
•
Maintenace
Analysis
3D visualization
3D on Web
•
Visualization in
a browser
How to realize 3D GIS?
• Sběr dat
Geodetic
Survey
Kokeš
GNSS Survey
Photogrammetry
Topcon Tools
MSR
(shp)
(XYZ)
ArcGIS
IISPP
geodatabase
CASTIS
paGIS
(rasters, XYZ)
SketchUp
skp
(dgn, dxf)
MicroStation
(scanned rasters)
…
(XYZ)
RiSCAN
Architectural
drawing
Laser scann
How to realize 3D GIS?
• Provázání technologií
(dae)
(gdb)
1
SketchUp
skp
1
ArcGIS
(CityGML)
CityGML plugin
geodatabase
(3ws)
(gdb)
2
3
ArcScene
ArcMap
2
(dae)
CityEngine
CityEngine
Web Viewer
2034
3D GIS group at UWB
Geomatics in Projects
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7. – 8. 10. 2015
1.–2. 10. 2014 Geomatika v projektech 2014
3.–4. 10. 2012 Geomatika v projektech 2012,
5.–7. 10. 2011 Geomatika v projektech 2011,
30. 9. 2010 Geomatika v projektech 2010,
16. 9. 2009 Geomatika v projektech 2009,
16. 9. 2008 Geomatika v památkové péči II,
20. 9. 2007 Geomatika v památkové péči I.
Geomatics in Projects
•
1.–2. 10. 2014 Geomatika v projektech 2014
– Sisi Zlatanova 3D micro scale: from outdoor to indoor
– Stefan Bonchev Types of 3D Map Visualization. Difficulties, Solutions and Compromises
– Pavla Dědková, Stanislav Popelka 3D Model of Extinct Village Čistá and its Eye-tracking
Evaluation
– Pavel Hájek Completion of a complex 3D model of the Terezín City - technical issues
– Karel Jedlička Large scale Virtual Geographic Environment of the castle Kozel - best
practice example
– Karel Janečka 3D spatial units – considering the ISO 19152 standard as a base for 3D
Cadastre
– Zuzana Syrová Quo vadis PaGIS
– Irena Blažková Informační systémy Národního památkového ústavu v evropském
kontextu
– Tomáš Janata Zpracování a vizualizace prostorových dat vybraných zámeckých a
hradních areálů v ČR
– Jan Russnák Digitalizace mapové sbírky Geografického ústavu Masarykovy univerzity
– Michal Kepka Databázová implementace Katalogu kartografických vyjadřovacích
prostředků map III. vojenského mapování
•
7. – 8. 10. 2015 Geomatika v Projektech 2015