INDICE SEMICONDUCTOR
High performance MR16 and
Mains LED drivers
April 2015
INDICE DIMMABLE LED DRIVER
BENEFITS
We’ve done the hard work in power control so that our customers can take their
LED product to market quickly with ultimate confidence in reliability and an
impressive feature set to differentiate their product from competitors:
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Ultra small designs due to high switching frequency (typically 1MHz+) only
possible with Indice proprietary control technology
Active temperature and power management & long operational life
Broad compatibility with electronic transformers dimmers (leading and
trailing edge)
High power factor
Compliant designs and capability
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EMC compliance (US, Europe, Australia)
UL, FCC, CE, CTICK, etc.
Indice LED driver IC’s are at the heart of each power control reference
design we develop
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Indice LED driver IC’s simplify dimmable LED driver PCB development
Indice LED driver IC’s provide advanced power control functionality and enable excellent dimming
performance
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THE MR16 AND MAINS
INFRASTRUCTURE OPPORTUNITY
• Electronic transformers typically require 20Watts or more of resistive
loads to FUNCTION CORRECTLY
• Electronic transformer used require correct load to maintain
oscillation, capacitances greater than 100pF can stall the inverter
• Inverters have over-current detection, currents exceeding this cause
temporary shutdown.
• Typical energy saving products implement standard diode based
rectifiers with capacitance for stable operation and EMC.
• Inrush currents can exceed 15Amps when inverters first start,
stalling oscillation and damaging rectifiers, causing early failure in
both transformers energy saving globes.
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LEADING EDGE / TRIAC DIMMERS
Leading edge dimmers require minimum current draw to ensure the TRIAC
“latches” and does not misfire which will cause the LED to strobe and flicker.
The current must flow through the LAMP and the DIMMER.
CURRENT
Triac dimmer schematic simplified
Triac dimmer example waveform
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TRAILING EDGE / ELECTRONIC
DIMMERS
Trailing edge dimmers require minimum current draw to ensure the internal
electronics have enough power to remain alive. Without a minimum load
current draw they brown out and misfire which will cause the LED to strobe and
flicker. The current must flow through the LAMP and the DIMMER.
CURRENT
Electronic dimmer schematic simplified
Electronic dimmer example waveform
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TEST CONFIGURATION
The following slides are measured using the following
configuration:
V
I
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MR16 Waveform – HALOGEN reference
waveform – Half AC cycle
Voltage
Current
During this 10ms – Half 50Hz AC Cycle we can observe:
• Smooth elliptical shape
• Current and voltage in phase
• No large current spikes
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How to detect transformer compatibility
INDICE Waveform
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Competitors Waveform
COMPATIBLE
Smooth elliptical shape
Current and voltage in phase
No large current spikes
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•
NOT COMPATIBLE
15Amp peaks (Almost 300W peak
energy) will damage lamp and
transformer
Current and voltage out of phase
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INDICE – Real time adaptive switching
Adaptive switching Adapts real time to
input transformer,
67KHz near AC zero
crossing and peaking
to 2MHz during the
AC cycle
Current drawn
through AC Zero
crossing – Ensures
dimmers and
transformers have
minimum current
drawn in this period
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Continuous current
mode – Maintains the
transformer resonance
which ensures flicker
free operation
COMPETITOR LED DRIVER WITH
BLEEDER CIRCUIT
The active bleeder circuit is
required for most LED drivers
to ensure the dimmer remains
alive during AC zero crossing
Peak current
spike is 600mA
which reduces the
number of LED
lamps that can be
put in parallel on a
dimmer
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INDICE MAINS LED DRIVER –
Superior performance, compact size
NO active bleeder necessary. Indice topology appears like a BOOST
constantly drawing current
INDICE: Half the
Peak current spike
allows twice the
number of lamps
to be put in
parallel on a
dimmer
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LED DRIVER OPERATING
FREQUENCY RANGE


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INDICE delivers the lowest EMI profile
INDICE LED drivers are asynchronous so there is
minimal fundamental frequency and harmonics.
Higher EMI Content
Fundamental
Lower EMI Content
Harmonics
Fixed frequency LED driver
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INDICE LED driver
INDICE: Fastest switching speed
delivers the highest power density
INDICE enables the next generation of innovative driver solutions. Our faster
switching speed means smaller, more compact and efficient drivers.
INDICE: Up to 5x smaller than competitors
drivers
Traditional LED panel driver
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Transformer detect – Why is it
necessary?
The INDICE0002 MR16 driver IC contains transformer
detect which senses whether it is connected to an
electronic or magnetic transformer. This is necessary as
they are fundamentally different in construction and require
different modes of operation.
Electronic transformer – simplified schematic
Magnetic transformer – equivalent circuit
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Transformer detect – How it works
The INDICE0002 MR16 driver switches ON a capacitor
when connected to a magnetic transformer and OFF for an
electronic transformer. This reduces over voltage spikes on
magnetic transformers that can cause EMI and damage to
the MR16 bulb.
Without Transformer detect Vpeak ~38V
With transformer detect - Vpeak ~18.5V
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Deep dimming
100%
100.00%
90%
90.00%
80%
80.00%
Relative light output
Relative light output
The INDICE MR16 driver includes deep dimming which
reduces the light output at low dimmer angles to give the
effect of turning off on most dimmers. This also helps with
low level flicker present on some dimmer systems.
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
60.00%
50.00%
40.00%
30.00%
20.00%
10.00%
10%
0%
70.00%
0.00%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
Dimmer Position
Dimmer Position
Without Deep dimming
With deep dimming
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100%
Power Normalisation
Some electronic transformers have a narrow power
envelope. The Indice MR16 driver compensates for this by
drawing more power during the transformer “ON” time
which keeps the light output more consistent across
different models of electronic transformers.
Narrow envelope electronic transformer
Wide envelope electronic transformer
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Active temperature management
10.0 W
9.0 W
8.0 W
7.0 W
6.0 W
5.0 W
4.0 W
3.0 W
2.0 W
78.6 °C
7.8 W
74.6 °C
7.7 W
68.3 °C
8.0 W
80.0 °C
82.6 °C
86.6 °C
83.5 °C
7.7 W
84.1 °C
83.4 °C
7.7 W
7.7 W
7.6 W
53.5 °C
70 °C
60 °C
50 °C
40 °C
35.6 °C
30 °C
28.8 °C
0
90 °C
80 °C
84.0 °C
7.8 W
7.6 W
85.5 °C
84.7 °C
1 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120
Input Power
Time (minutes)
LED power adjusted relative to the active temperature management set point
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20 °C
IC Temp
Input Power
All INDICE LED driver IC contains a temperature sensor
and control system that tracks to a maximum temperature
set point. The user can adjust this with a simple resistor
divider. Many LED drivers are contained within the heat
sink where ventilation is difficult and its possible for the
lamp to run at elevated temperatures that will lead to
premature life of the product.
INPUT LINE FREQUENCY - MR16 and
Mains IC’s
The INDICE0002, INDICE00A2 MR16 LED driver IC’s and
INDICE0101 Mains LED driver IC’s are NOT dependant on
input line frequency and will dim on a wide variety of 50Hz
or 60Hz sources.
Certain dimmer manufacturers have designed in
dependence on the line frequency so their dimmers are
only useable on 50Hz or 60Hz systems.
There are dimmers available that do work on 50Hz/60Hz
systems.
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INPUT LINE FREQUENCY - LEADING
EDGE / TRIAC DIMMERS
Many manufacturers of leading edge dimmers use a RESISTOR and
CAPACITOR time constant that is specific for the line frequency. The RC time
constant, if not matched correctly will time out prematurely to the AC zero
crossing event causing flicker. Such dimmers can only be used on 50Hz or
60Hz systems.
R-C time constant
can create
dependence on the
line frequency
Fig 1: Triac dimmer schematic simplified
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INPUT LINE FREQUENCY - TRAILING
EDGE / ELECTRONIC DIMMERS
Many manufacturers of trailing edge dimmers use a RESISTOR and
CAPACITOR time constant or delay circuit (sometimes software) that that is
specific for the line frequency. The RC time constant, if not matched correctly
will time out prematurely to the AC zero crossing event causing flicker. Such
dimmers can only be used on 50Hz or 60Hz systems.
R-C time constant
can create
dependence on the
line frequency
Fig 3: Electronic dimmer schematic simplified
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PART NUMBERS AND EVALUATION
KITS
LED Driver IC Part Number
Type of LED Driver ICPart Number
Description
Low voltage LED Driver IC
INDICE0002
LED Driver IC for MR11/MR16 / AR111
Enhanced LV LED Driver IC
INDICE00A2
LED Driver IC for MR111/MR16 / AR111
Line voltage LED Driver IC
INDICE0101
LED Driver IC for Mains (110/230V)
LED Driver Evaluation Kit Part Numbering:
Part Number
EVAL01-MR16
EVAL11012W
EVAL24014W
Where to buy:
Description
3x 7.5W Medium MR16 LED lamps
+ 20pcs INDICE0002 LED Driver IC
110V Mains Evaluation Kit
240V Mains Evaluation Kit
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