WORKSHOP SUMMARY REPORT Program for Capacity Building in
MUMBAI 20TH JANUARY 2015 WORKSHOP SUMMARY REPORT Program for Capacity Building in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals PARTNERED BY: Environmental Management Centre (EMC LLP), Mumbai and Griffith University, Australia SUPPORTED BY: Australia-India Council Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India 20th January 2015 WORKSHOP SUMMARY REPORT PROGRAM FOR CAPACITY BUILDING IN WASTE AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FOR PROFESSIONALS Jointly Organised by Environmental Management Centre (EMC LLP) A-60 Royal Industrial Estate 4th Floor, Naigaon Cross Road, Wadala Mumbai- 400031 and Griffith University 170 Kessels Road Nathan QLD 4111 Australia Funded by Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) via Australia India Council Grant Scheme Held at Bombay Chamber of Commerce and Industry (BCCI) The Ruby, 4th Floor NW 29, Tulsi Pipe Road, Senapati Bapat Marg, Kasaravadi, Dadar, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400028 20th January 2015 Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page i Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 Table of Contents LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................................................................................................................... v BACKGROUND..................................................................................................................................................................... 1 About Australia India Council Grants Program ........................................................................................................ 1 About Griffith University ................................................................................................................................................. 1 About Environmental Management Centre ............................................................................................................. 2 About the Program ........................................................................................................................................................ 2 About the Speakers ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Dr. Sunil Herat ......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Dr. Prasad Modak .................................................................................................................................................. 4 Shantanu Roy ......................................................................................................................................................... 4 OBJECTIVES .......................................................................................................................................................................... 5 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................................... 6 PROGRAM FOR THE WORKSHOP ...................................................................................................................................... 7 PARTICIPANTS ....................................................................................................................................................................... 8 WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS ............................................................................................................................................... 9 Need for Improvements in Waste Management Education ................................................................................. 9 Project Description ......................................................................................................................................................... 9 Project Implementation .............................................................................................................................................. 10 Present Situation of Waste Education for Professionals and Practitioners in India ........................................... 10 Need for changes in approach towards waste management training ............................................................ 11 Description of the 5 Day Course for Professionals .................................................................................................. 13 Module1: Waste-to-Resource ............................................................................................................................ 13 Module 2: Waste Management........................................................................................................................ 15 Module 3: Waste Processing .............................................................................................................................. 15 Module 4: Enabling Waste Management Plans ............................................................................................ 16 Module 5: Regulations and Enabling Policies ................................................................................................. 17 Module 6: Financial Sustainability ..................................................................................................................... 18 Experience Sharing Sessions ....................................................................................................................................... 19 Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page ii Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 Experience Sharing: Ms. Apoorva Gadre ........................................................................................................ 20 Experience Sharing: Ms. Jyoti Mhapsekar ....................................................................................................... 21 Experience Sharing: Prof. Mona Iyer ................................................................................................................ 21 WORKING GROUPS ...................................................................................................................................................... 22 Group A ................................................................................................................................................................. 22 Group B ................................................................................................................................................................. 23 Group C................................................................................................................................................................. 23 ANNEXURES ........................................................................................................................................................................ 26 ANNEXURE 1 .................................................................................................................................................................. 26 Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page iii Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Timeline of Actions in the EMC-GU program on Capacity Building on Waste to Resource Management for Professionals ......................................................................................................................................... 3 Figure 2: Scenes from Workshop l..................................................................................................................................... 8 Figure 3: Some of the training providers in waste management and their areas of focus ................................. 10 Figure 4: Components of Integrated Sustainable Waste Management ................................................................ 12 Figure 5: Building Blocks of 5 day course for professionals ........................................................................................ 13 Figure 6: Waste dumping Sites around Goa- as cited by Ms. Gadre ...................................................................... 20 Figure 7: The cycle of waste processing by the SWM Cell, DoSTE, GoG ................................................................ 21 Figure 8: Group Photo of the Workshop Participants ................................................................................................. 25 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Program Details of the Workshop ..................................................................................................................... 7 Table 2: Module 1- Details ............................................................................................................................................... 13 Table 3: Module 2- Details ............................................................................................................................................... 15 Table 4: Module 3- Details ............................................................................................................................................... 15 Table 5: Module 4- Details ............................................................................................................................................... 16 Table 6: Module 5- Details ............................................................................................................................................... 17 Table 7: Module 6- Details ............................................................................................................................................... 18 Table 8: List of Participants at the Workshop with Contact Details .......................................................................... 26 Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page iv Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 3R Reduce Reuse Recycle 3RKH 3R Knowledge Hub AIC Australia India Council AIT Asian Institute of Technology BCCI Bombay Chamber of Commerce and Industry CC Climate Change CDM Clean Development Mechanism CEP Continuing Education Programs CP Cleaner Production DFAT Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australia EHS Environmental Health And Safety EMC LLP Environmental Management Centre GPNI Green Purchasing Network of India GWMO Global Waste Management Outlook IETC International Environmental Technology Centre IL&FS Infrastructure Leasing and Finacial Services MSW Municipal Solid Waste SWM Solid Waste Management UNCRD United Nations Centre for Regional Development UNEP United Nations Environment Programme International Environmental Technology Centre Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page v Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India 20th January 2015 BACKGROUND The Program on Capacity Building for Waste to Resource Management has been devised under the Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15. The year-long program is an initiative to improve the level of education in waste management amongst professionals and students in India. The agencies responsible for the implementation of the program are Environmental Management Centre LLP, Mumbai and Griffith University, Australia. The program has been approved and funded by the Australia- India Council (AIC) under their Grants Program, and has been funded by the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT), Australia. This section provides a background of the organisations that has been involved in the program, the program details and timeline of actions in a year. The section closes with a brief profile of the main professionals involved in the program. The first initiative under this program has been a two day workshop targeted at building a course on waste and resource management for both practicing professionals and post-graduate students. This report covers the proceedings of the capacity building program as developed for professionals. The workshop was held at the Bombay Chamber of Commerce and Industry (BCCI), Dadar (W), Mumbai, on the 20 th of January 2015. About Australia India Council Grants Program The Australia India Council aims at strengthening and development of the relationship between Australia and India. The Council promotes and organizes a number of activities aimed at the promotion of a greater awareness about India and Australia amongst the citizens of both of the countries. The Australia-India Council funds proposals which further this main objective and helps in the development of relations between two countries, including economic operations, community knowledge and understanding, public awareness and take up important developments relevant to Australia-India relations. In 2014-15, there have been 13 proposals that have been approved by the Australia-India Council Grants Program. The proposals span over many areas of focus, including arts, culture, development and knowledge sharing between the two countries. Visit http://goo.gl/57A8r5 to know more about AIC. About Griffith University Griffith University (GU) is one of Australia’s most innovative and dynamic public universities located in the Brisbane-Gold Coast corridor. Griffith University offers degree programs in number of engineering disciplines including environmental engineering which teaches how to develop innovative strategies and technologies for a sustainable future through a strong interdisciplinary focus on formulating solutions to environmental problems. Griffith leads the field in environmental and sustainable practices. Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 1 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 Griffith University’s (GU) waste management program has been highly regarded by the United Nations and other international agencies. GU is the Regional Focal Point in the South Pacific of the UN Solving the Ewaste Problem (StEP) initiative. It is also the Sub-Regional Secretariat for Australia and New Zealand of the United Nations International Partnership for Expanding Waste Management Services in Local Authorities (IPLA) and a member of the United Nations Subsidiary Expert Group (SEG) of Regional 3R Forum for Asia advising on E-waste. It also is an advisor on e-waste to Pacific hazardous waste management, an EU grant managed by the South Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP). Visit http://www.griffith.edu.au/ to know more about GU. About Environmental Management Centre Environmental Management Centre (EMC LLP) was established in 1996. EMC's consulting services are essentially strategic, knowledge driven and supported through research and training. In all the consulting assignments, EMC's expertise lies in harmonizing economic, environmental and social considerations (often called triple bottom line) in the business logic, development plans and policy frameworks. EMC LLP has been involved in consultancy for waste management and resource efficiency at both international and national levels. EMC LLP’s core expertise includes preparation of status reports and guidance manuals for integrated solid waste management, biomedical waste management, solid waste management plans. EMC LLP also has an experience in capacity building for waste management and knowledge dissemination, such as the development of a portal for 3R Knowledge Hub (3RKH) for Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Bangkok. It has regularly been on the panel of experts for various waste related workshops and training programs. Currently, EMC LLP is also engaged in the authoring of a chapter for the Global Waste Management Outlook (GWMO) published by the United Nations Environment Programme International Environmental Technology Centre (UNEP IETC). Visit www.emcentre.com to know more about EMC. About the Program The EMC-GU program on capacity building for waste and resource management has been planned for professionals over the time period of a year in 2014-15. There are a number of activities that has been planned for this time period. Figure 1 shows the major deliverables in the three workshops and the steps that are to be taken in between and after the workshops. Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 2 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 Figure 1: Timeline of Actions in the EMC-GU program on Capacity Building on Waste to Resource Management for Professionals The first phase of the project was completed on the 20th of January 2015. The event was directed by Dr. Prasad Modak from EMC LLP and Dr. Sunil Herat from GU. The following section introduces the main speakers at the event. About the Speakers Dr. Sunil Herat Dr. Herat is currently the head of e-waste project at Griffith University, and is a consultant to the United Nations on waste management issues. He is an expert on solid waste management, hazardous waste management and cleaner production and eco-efficiency. He has completed extensive research on waste management in developing countries, especially municipal solid waste and ewaste, and has published a number of research papers on the topic. He is a member of the expert subsidiary group on e-waste in the United Nations’ Regional 3R Forum in Asia. He has also provided advice on e-waste matters to local authorities through United Nations’ International Partnership for Expanding Waste Management Services in Local Authorities (IPLA). He is also working as the program coordinator of the postgraduate degree in waste management offered by Griffith University, and is in charge of teaching postgraduate courses in solid waste management, hazardous management and cleaner production and eco-efficiency. Visit http://goo.gl/dgZOJ2 to see his LinkedIn profile. Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 3 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 Dr. Prasad Modak Dr. Modak is the Executive President of Environmental Management Centre LLP. He has worked extensively in the area of waste and resource management. He contributed a chapter on Waste Management in UNEP’s Green Economy report, contributed substantially to the establishment of International Partnership for expanding waste management services of Local Authorities for UNCRD. He is currently contributing a chapter in the Global Waste management Outlook. UNEP IETC commissioned Dr Modak to prepare a UNEP wide Waste Management Action Plan. Dr. Modak’s work over the past three decades has influenced environmental policies at the Governments, investments and practices in the industry on a global basis. He is currently Professor (Adjunct) at IIT Bombay and CSO at IL&FS Ltd and Dean of IL&FS Academy for Applied Development. Visit in.linkedin.com/in/prasadmodak to see his LinkedIn profile Shantanu Roy He is the Senior Vice President of Environmental Management Centre LLP. He is a chemical engineer with a specialization in environmental management. He has a professional experience of over 15 years. He has been involved in diverse areas such as industrial environmental management through Cleaner Production (CP), Due Diligence Audits, EHS Management Systems, Energy Efficiency and Urban Environmental Management. His focal area is Climate Change (CC) related services such as CDM, Low carbon strategies, CC adaptation, Carbon foot printing, Carbon Disclosure etc. Shantanu directed the preparation of Integrated Solid Waste management Plan for Pune. He has been actively servicing clients from various National and International agencies both in the Government and the private sector as a Consultant, Resource Person and Trainer. He also manages Green Purchasing Network of India (GPNI), an effort dedicated to promoting Green Purchasing and Greening of Supply Chains as Hon. Secretary General. Visit in.linkedin.com/in/shantanuroy to see his LinkedIn profile. Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 4 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 OBJECTIVES The objectives for the EMC-GU program on capacity building for waste to resource management for professionals are as follows: Develop a course on waste management as a Continuing Education Program (CEP) in India on a modular basis to target diverse practicing professionals such as staff at Urban Local Bodies, Environmental NGOs, Consultants, Policy makers and Regulators. Researchers and Academia Increase awareness amongst professionals to manage new waste streams which have emerged posing challenges such as E-waste, health care waste, Construction and Demolition Waste, Agriculture and Forestry Waste, Plastic waste, Industrial hazardous waste, packaging waste, household hazardous waste etc. Introduce policies and practices in frontier areas such as “Waste Reduction” with 3Rs (i.e. 4Rs), integrated waste and resource management, circular economy. Build repository of inspirational case studies, guidance manuals and tools. Develop capacities of trainers and training institutions to deliver the CEPs on the basis of above. Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 5 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 INTRODUCTION Urban India generates around 188,500 tonnes of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) every day. The generation rate is expected to increase as the Indian economy will prosper. Only 30 to 60% of the MSW generated is collected and almost 90% of the waste collected is simply dumped. Improved collection services in PPP mode, implementation of decentralized waste processing units and rehabilitation of the dump sites is therefore a priority. Waste is often a result of over consumption, poor resource use efficiency, perverse subsidies and low level of awareness. “Reduce at Source” should there be the first action towards in the sustainable management of wastes and resources. Waste when generated is a misplaced resource. There is a great value in practicing waste reuse, recycle and recovery (3Rs). The 3Rs help in substituting virgin resources, reduce GHG emissions and create green jobs. 3Rs also lead to Green Economy. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CENTRE LLP and GRIFFITH UNIVERSITY, Australia organised the day-long workshop on 20th January 2015, in order to develop a 5 day certificate course for professionals. There were 18 participants from various backgrounds who had participated in the workshop. The workshop had three main working groups which focussed on detailing of the 5 day certificate course developed for professionals. Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 6 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 PROGRAM FOR THE WORKSHOP 5 DAY COURSE ON WASTE AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FOR PROFESSIONALS ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CENTRE LLP in collaboration with GRIFFITH UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA 20TH JANUARY 2015 Table 1: Program Details of the Workshop TOPICS 9:00-9:30 Registration 9:30-10:30 Welcome address and Introduction to the Project – Shantanu Roy, EMC LLP Setting the context The importance of Continuing Education Program on Waste and Resource Management and Overview of such courses offered in India (Dr. Prasad Modak) Discussions 10:30-11:00 Tea/Coffee Break 11:00-12:00 Presentation: International Scenario on Education in Waste and Resource Management (Dr. Sunil Herat, Griffith University ) 12:00-13:00 Presentation: Proposed 5 day course on Waste and Resource Management for Professionals - Shantanu Roy, EMC LLP 13:00-14:00 Lunch 14:00- 15:30 Working Session in groups to refine the proposed course content 15:30-16:30 Presentations from each Working Group and Participants followed by Discussions (Tea/Coffee served in session) (Moderators- Dr Sunil Herat and Dr Prasad Modak) 16:30- 17:00 Closing Address: Summing up and Next Steps (Dr Prasad Modak) Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 7 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 PARTICIPANTS The workshop was attended by the 18 participants. The participants included practitioners, professionals and experts who have contributed heavily in the field of waste and resource management. ANNEXURE 1 provides the list with contact details. Figure 2: Scenes from Workshop l Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 8 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS Dr. Prasad Modak, Executive President, EMC set the background of the workshop by welcoming the participants of the workshop and requesting them to introduce themselves to all the participants of the workshop. The participants of the workshop highlighted their work experience in the sector of waste and resource management. This was followed by Dr. Modak’s address on the importance of waste management. Need for Improvements in Waste Management Education Dr. Modak elaborated on how waste management is becoming increasingly important, and how it has evolved in the governance part. The rules and regulations are progressing faster than the ability of the implementation agencies. Newer waste streams have emerged. In some cases, their definition has remained ambiguous and heir quantification and characterisation has remained difficult. However, there is an urgency from the government to act on these waste streams and provide a solution. Informal sector plays an important role in waste sorting, collection and recycling and there are significant health and safety related risks. Technologies need to be adapted to suit local conditions and economics. While PPP approach is preferred, several contractual issues have reined unresolved leading to failure of the projects. There is a need to develop the capabilities of local stakeholders and corporations on these perspectives. Project Description Based on the need for capacity building, Dr. Modak explained how he and Dr. Sunil Herat formed the proposal for the project. The need of the project was to prepare training resources. The training resources would be developed through two models- one was for professionals, who are hard-pressed for time to invest in a full time course and another one for students. This course would be both policy and practiceoriented. The outcomes of the model for professionals- the course toolbox and training modules can be utilised by the professionals to develop need-based training programs and hold workshops for stakeholders in the future. These stakeholders would include waste management (WM) professionals, staff at the municipal corporations, members of the panchayat etc. The second module will focus on a 30 lecture post-graduate course to be offered to students at the postgraduate level, as an academic program on waste management. This course will delve more on the fundamentals while blending with case studies, quantitative and semi-quantitative tools and technology/policy options. Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 9 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 Project Implementation Dr Modak explained that the project would be initiated through a draft design on the topics that would be covered by the course of professionals. This was the main outcome expected from the workshop. The recommended course structure would be developed further through an interactive web portal. This activity would continue till June 2015, when the next workshop would be held. The resources for the identified course topics would be developed during this time period. The final toolbox would be presented in the second workshop, on June 24th, 2015 marking the beginning of the second stage of the program. The project would invite organisations who would be interested in organising capacity building programs. This would be facilitated through a Memorandum of Cooperation (MoC) which would be signed by the organisation and EMC LLP. The second stage part of the program would trigger pilots on capacity building initiatives using the resources developed in the project. At the end of the projects, pilot experience will be reviewed with learnings and to draw on the next steps. Present Situation of Waste Education for Professionals and Practitioners in India The opening session was followed by a presentation on the current status in waste education by Dr. Prasad Modak and Shantanu Roy. A background of the existing training programs and capacity building initiatives was provided. The present training providers and their areas of focus were also portrayed. (See Figure 3) Composite Training Hazardous Waste Management Corporate training and workshops E-learning Industrial Waste Management, Mining Waste Management & Disposal, Hazardous Waste Management, eWaste Management Environmental Engineering with a focus on MSW E-waste and E-waste rules, hazardous waste, Waste Management: Policies, Issues, Challenges and Way Forward Integrated Municipal Solid Waste Management MOOCs Other: Decentralised Waste Management, CCoThiruvananthapuram MDPs Sustainability: Assessment, Reporting and Assurance Industrial Waste Management Other: Next Generation Development Programme by Leadership for Environment and Development Figure 3: Some of the training providers in waste management and their areas of focus Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 10 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 It was observed that some of the institutions have focussed on specific areas of training, e.g. Administrative Staff College of India (ASCI) has been regularly running a course on Integrated MSWM once a year, funded by the Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD). But in general, training on waste management is not offered on a regular basis in India as a program for professionals. In light of the recent focus on waste management (e.g. Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan), a collaborative response to the topics in waste management would prove to be beneficiary for professionals in waste management, and would strengthen their practice. Need for changes in approach towards waste management training Dr. Sunil Herat focussed on the main challenges faced on waste management in developing countries. These challenges included - high waste generation from cities, inadequate and low level of waste collection, lack of suitable treatment and disposal, and uncontrolled disposal in open dumps. He also expressed concern on the heavy bias on following end-of-pipe solutions to waste management. He stressed the need for champions in solid waste management so that learnings from training programs can be translated into actions. Newer approached should not be only in terms of technology (viz.”Hardware”), but also in the “software”. Technology is not the answer to all the challenges in waste management. He drew references of solid waste management to a computer where technology can only be one of the components of waste management. Without the software computers cannot be used. Other considerations are required to be taken into account to provide sustainable solutions to waste management. This can be done through a holistic method of waste management, where all the stakeholders, and third parties have been taken into consideration Dr. Herat stressed that the training program will be effective in integrating the stakeholders in waste management. Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 11 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 Figure 4: Components of Integrated Sustainable Waste Management Dr. Herat opined that in order to integrate waste to resource management, economic growth should be decoupled from resource consumption, and waste should be made a priority for developing countries. Partnerships amongst relevant stakeholders should be made necessary to achieve resource recovery. It would lead to financially viable, pro-poor, low-carbon and beginning-of-pipe solutions. Waste management training would help in the mainstreaming of integrated and sustainable waste management strategies such as ISWM. Knowledge about successful institutional, business and financial models implemented in developing countries is important. The orientation of the training programs should also be towards development of pro-poor public private partnerships. He discussed the basics of some of the concepts that he teaches to students at GU- municipal solid waste management, hazardous waste management, and cleaner production and eco-efficiency. He also discussed the topics of some of the specialist workshops that he had undertaken- pro-poor sustainable solid waste management, issues and challenges in solid waste management in developing countries, innovative approaches and strategies for integrated solid waste management in developing countries, social inclusivity in waste management (gender issues and waste pickers), 3Rs as a basis for sustainable waste management and moving towards zero waste and waste management policy and strategy development. The outcomes of the project has been both in terms of technical and policy aspects, and has contributed to provide sustainable solutions for the workshop. Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 12 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 Description of the 5 Day Course for Professionals Shantanu Roy then described the basic elements of the 5 day program that can be developed for professionals in waste management. The course has been designed in a format of 7 hours per day. The course was to be divided into 6 modules, and all the modules would be substantiated with case studies in India and around the world. The broad course modules are as follows: Waste Management Waste-to-Resource Enabling Waste Management Plans Regulations and enabling policies Waste processing technologies Financial sustainability Covering best practices and case studies in India and around the world Figure 5: Building Blocks of 5 day course for professionals The modules were proposed to be developed in the following template: 1. Module Objectives: The purpose of each of the modules would be highlighted in this section 2. Learning Outcome: The specific takeaways from the course will be defined through this section 3. Module Outline: The suggestive teaching tools that can be taken for conduction of the modules 4. Teaching Tools: The methods of teaching that can be incorporated for better understanding of the concepts in the module 5. Proposed Time Distribution: The suggestive time required for the teaching of the module. 6. Books and References: The list of references for additional reading and better understanding of the concepts that are being taught in the course. Mr. Roy went on to elaborate each module in detail. The building blocks are detailed from Table 2 to Table 7. Module1: Waste-to-Resource Table 2: Module 1- Details SL.NO. MODULE HEAD 1 Evolution of Waste-toResource Management DETAILS De-evolution and evolution of Waste-to-Resource Management Current scenario – Statistics Major and emerging waste streams Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 13 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 2 Trends in resource consumption in various sectors Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP) 10YFP, Global SCP Clearinghouse, SCP Initiatives Extended producer responsibility (EPR) Take-back schemes Design for Sustainability (D4S) Green technology/Green chemistry 3 Concepts to practice Green procurement Reverse Logistics Upcycling and Recycling Upcycling vs Recycling Sound material cycle society Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM) to Integrated Wasteto-Resource Management (IWRM) 4 Current market for waste products 5 Engineered materials/ Secondary materials Since the course was meant for professionals, a lot of stress was not put on the basics. The module would begin with waste to resource aspects in waste management. Amongst the focus areas, types of statistical information related to waste management, evaluation of the concept of waste to resource management, and major streams in waste management would be included in evolution of waste to resource management. Trends in waste management would include the various typologies of waste. Concepts to practice would include the various approaches and terminologies that have been developed for waste management, especially newer technologies, such as Design for Sustainability (D4S). Current market situations for waste products and different materials in waste management would also be covered. The whole module will be covered in a time period of 6 hours. Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 14 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 Module 2: Waste Management Table 3: Module 2- Details SL.NO. MODULE HEAD DETAILS Collection coverage Collection mechanisms Vehicles and Bins Stream-specific collection systems, e.g. bio-medical waste 1 Collection, Storage, and Transportation City and beach clean-ups Collection planning, e-governance (ICT) Collection Schemes Weight-based Pay-as-you-throw schemes Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs)/Waste Sorting Centers/ Transfer 2 stations Segregation systems Equipment Current state of landfills 3 Disposal Landfill regulations and bans Landfill Gas-to-Energy Landfill remediation and reclamation Concepts related to collection, storage, and transportation would be communicated to the stakeholders through this module. Collection mechanisms, esp. for different streams of waste will be elaborated in this section. Collection schemes and usage of technology in collection of waste would also be covered in this section. This would be followed by the various segregation systems, focussing on the technologies and equipment that can be used. Disposal mechanisms with an assessment of landfills would be covered at the end of this module. The module will be covered in a time period of 5 hours. Ms. Monisha Narke suggested that, in this section, it would be helpful if financial mechanisms can be incorporated in this section. Practices, such as payment for waste processing as practised in the United States of America, can be utilised. It was decided upon that a small section of financial mechanisms relating to Collection, Transportation and Disposal (CTD) can be added in this section, and later elaborated in the section on finance. Module 3: Waste Processing Table 4: Module 3- Details SL.NO. 1 MODULE HEAD Physical processing DETAILS Densification/Pelletisation (RDF/SRF) Mechanical separation and size reduction Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 15 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 Aerobic Digestion/Composting 2 Biological processing Anaerobic Digestion/Biomethanation Landfill as a bioreactor Incineration/Mass burn with energy recovery Pyrolysis 3 Thermal processing Gasification Plasma arc gasification Co-processing Water 4 Integrated Resource Recovery Facility (IRRF) for Zero Waste Energy Nutrients Biosolids & biofuel Waste processing is one of the major steps for conversion of waste to a resource and leads to a reduction in the amount of waste finally disposed. Methods of waste processing would be elaborated in this section. The suitability of the processes in the Indian context will also be covered. Mr. Roy also referred to some examples which highlighted the inefficiency caused by imitating foreign technologies without preassessment. This module will be covered in a time period of 8 hours. Module 4: Enabling Waste Management Plans Table 5: Module 4- Details SL.NO. MODULE HEAD DETAILS Indicators 1 Assessment indicators and tools for technology selection Service Level Benchmarking (SLB) Performance Assessment System, PAS Tools SAT, EnTA, CBA, LCA etc. Forecasting models Time series model, linked parameter model, fuzzy logic modelling, time series intervention modelling, factor model, 2 system dynamic modeling and artificial neural network (ANN) Composition Forecasting etc. Forecasting tools Net Waste Tool, SMARTWaste Plan, system dynamics simulation software – Stella, Vensim, etc. Current waste management practices 3 Waste management practices Management and planning issues Key factors for a successful SWM plan Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 16 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 This module will be relevant to urban local bodies and practitioners in waste management who are concerned holistic planning and management issues in waste management. Areas where the systems are lacking and relevant ideas to take forward would be discussed in this section. Different tools would also be discussed in this section, which have only existed in research papers, but can be implemented will be included in this module. Prof. Mona Iyer and Ms. Apoorva Gadre suggested that the existing manuals and regulations should be studied and analysed to make them better as a part of the module. Participants also discussed the potential case studies and focus areas that may be included in this section. This module will be covered in a time period of 4 hours. Module 5: Regulations and Enabling Policies Table 6: Module 5- Details SL.NO. MODULE HEAD DETAILS Impact of Inclusive Laws and Policies 1 National policies solid waste Solid Waste Policy in India Solid Waste Policy in other developing countries and developed countries Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1999, The E-Waste (Management and Handling Rules) (2010), The Environmental 2 Indian Waste Regulations Protection Rules, The Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules (2008), The Plastics (Manufacture, Usage and Waste Management) Rules (2009), Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules (1998), Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Rules, 1982), Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Rules, 1975 Basel Convention (hazardous waste) Waigani Convention (radioactive waste) Stockholm Convention (POP waste) 3 Global conventions and progress so far Rotterdam Convention (hazardous chemicals) OSPAR Convention (marine litter) London Convention (waste dumping in oceans) MARPOL (ship waste) EU directive Importance Improved service delivery 4 Institutional arrangements Improved accountability Successful integration of the informal sector Organizational Structures and Roles Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 17 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 Waste Management Authorities Structures of the city administration – Decentralized, Centralized Capacity Human Resources Financial Resources Capacity building Private Sector Involvement Collaboration with businesses dealing with waste Communication Gathering information Reporting information Daily waste management Institutional issues Scientific instruments 5 Implementation enforcement and Technology selection process Waste management cells Social instruments Public Participation and Cooperation Educational activities Economic instruments Incentives and financial mechanisms (discussed in block 6) National and global policies, conventions and regulations would be covered under this section. Programmes, schemes and technology applicable at a broader level will be covered in this module. Dr. Megha Phansalkar expressed her concern on the inclusion of concepts of waste management which can be applied to rural areas. It was, however, made clear that the application of the various concepts would be different for different states. States with predominant rural population would have different learnings from this module compared to states with a predominant urban areas. Learnings would be different for regional plans as well. The module will be covered in a time period of 6 hours. Module 6: Financial Sustainability Table 7: Module 6- Details SL.NO. 1 MODULE HEAD Cost and SWM benefits DETAILS of SWM based on CBA to compare different SWM approaches Financial sustainability of SWM approaches PPP 2 Business models NGO involvement Combined model Cooperative supported model Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 18 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 Importance of Sustainable and Responsible Business Regulatory compliance Increased brand value Cost savings 3 Concept of Sustainable and Responsible Business Measures to be taken to make a business sustainable and responsible Material and energy audits Reuse and Recycling Green procurement Walking the talk: Integrating waste prevention in the business policy Incentive schemes 4 Financing mechanisms Micro-finance schemes Government Funding Various financial measures in waste management would be discussed in this module. The need for the inclusion of experts in order to conduct this module was stressed upon in this section. The participants suggested that newer processes such as Right to Information (RTI) and their role in the monitoring and financing mechanisms would be highlighted through this module. This module would be covered in a time period of 6 hours. Mr. Roy made the presentation interactive by enquiring from the participants the topics that must be covered under the module in general. The participants gave in their views by suggesting topics such as basics of waste management, delineation of waste into streams, environmental and social impact of waste management, data techniques that can be utilised for waste management, disposal metrics and their advantages. Prof. Mona Iyer from CEPT University stressed on the importance of addressing specific problems for different professionals- decision makers or policy makers, engineers, supervisors, and others. It is important to maintain the practicality of the training program and help in solving the issues that these professionals face. Hence, segregation and expansion of the course modules at a later stage would be necessary. Ms. Apoorva Gadre from the SWM Department of DoSTE, Goa also supported the need for establishing need-based training programs by providing examples of how thumb rules have been beneficial for ground level waste collectors and managers in rural Goa, India. Ms. Monisha Narke of RUR opined on the need for the inclusion of international certifications, guidelines and benchmarks into the waste management program. The participants agreed that the stakeholders should be empowered to implement and make changes at the ground level after being a part of the program. It was agreed that that would be the biggest takeaway from the program. Experience Sharing Sessions Dr. Prasad Modak and Mr. Shantanu Roy set the tone for the working groups before lunch. They elaborated on the basics of the working group. The participants were instructed to divide themselves in three groups, Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 19 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 wherein they shall discuss the contents of the course modules and would make their suggestions and recommendations on the course. The groups would be expected to cover all the topics through three viewpoints- NGOs/CBOs, Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) and professionals. The requirements of these three target groups should be kept in mind while adding to the requirements of the workshop. Post lunch, Dr. Modak requested Ms. Jyoti Mhapsekar (SMS, Mumbai), Prof. Mona Iyer (CEPT University, Ahmedabad) and Ms. Apoorva Gadre (SWM Cell, Goa) to elaborate on their experiences in Continued Education Programme (CEP) in waste management. Experience Sharing: Ms. Apoorva Gadre Ms. Apoorva Gadre is the Manager (Technical) at the SWM Cell in the Department of Science, Technology and Environment (DoSTE), Government of Goa (GoG). It is a comparatively new division that has come into being. She focussed on some of the recent initiatives that have been taken up as a part of their initiatives in waste management. A brief introduction to the current waste situation of Goa was provided. She focussed on the institutional arrangements in waste management in the state. A High Level Task Force (HLTF) which is the apex body with only government members which help in undertaken all the decisions relating to solid waste management in the state of Goa. The Monitoring-cum-Working Committee for Solid Waste Management was another such department. This committee has members from the NGOs as well as from the government, ensuring better stakeholder participation. The committee was formulated to implement the various provisions of Figure 6: Waste dumping Sites around Goa- as cited by Ms. Gadre waste management Acts, such as the MSWM Act, the Goa Non-Biodegradable Garbage Control Act, and others. The SWM Cell where she is currently engaged in, is another of the institutional initiatives that has been taken by the GoG. They are responsible for the day-to-day operations under this workshop. Redressal of issues, implementation and provision of assistance at the ground level are the major functions of this Cell. The waste management initiatives were to be taken in conjunction with the village panchayats and other local bodies in Goa, which is important for the success of any initiative undertaken, as mandated in the MSW 2000 Rules. Ms. Gadre went on to emphasise that the problem of dry waste is much more in the city of Goa than the problem of wet waste. Non-recycleable and non-biodegradable waste has posed to be a major issue for the state of Goa. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) signed with the Vasavdatta Cement Company, Karnataka, who use this waste and compress it under a CPCB- approved process, has helped in solving this problem to a large extent. This MoU has been an important achievement in the waste management sector of Goa. It has led to the development of a procedure for treatment and processing of the non-recycleable waste generated from Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 20 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 the state. It has also led to some employment oppurtunities and illegal acquisition of waste from the contractors. The SWM Cell has thus established a collection mechanism for the waste generated in Goa, especially the non-recycleable component of it. She went on to elaborate on the process of collection through the use of simple Information Communication Technology (ICT) techniques and involvement of the panchayats and local champions in the form of NGOs and collection agencie s. Figure 7: The cycle of waste processing by the SWM Cell, DoSTE, GoG She closed her session by answering some of the queries from the participants, and also shared some of the small interventions that have been undertaken for the successful collection of waste. The session helped in highlighting how simple interventions can be used to make the system of waste collection and processing more efficient. Dr. Modak opined that the course, in this case, would be very different and specific and thus, needs to be adapted according to their requirements. Experience Sharing: Ms. Jyoti Mhapsekar Ms. Jyoti Mhapsekar is the founder member of Stree Mukti Sangathana (SMS), Mumbai, which has focussed on the informal sector in waste management in the city. The focus of the workshop was also on the upliftment of women and the management of the informal sector in waste management. She highlighted the issues in informal wast e management in the city. SMS’ contribution in the field of formalising informal wastepickers in the waste management process and their contribution in the setting up of biomethanation plants in the city were highlighted. Their expertise has been in training of workers, stakeholders and also knowledge dissemination on segregation amongst various stakeholder groups. SMS is in the process of setting up a Training Centre in Navi Mumbai this year. Experience Sharing: Prof. Mona Iyer Prof. Mona Iyer is the Associate Professor in the Faculty of Planning and Public Policy at the Centre for Environmental Planning and Technology (CEPT) University. After her introduction, she stressed on the importance of solid waste in planning courses. She highlighted some of the part-time, online certificate and professional development courses in waste management. She highlighted some of the training programs that CEPT had completed under the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JnNURM), for which they were commissioned by the Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD). CEPT was also appointed as the anchor institute on solid waste Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 21 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 management by the Government of Gujarat (GoGu). Nodal institutes were to be selected by GoGu where the training would be conducted through technical modules developed for stakeholders- such as plumbers, engineers, and others. She also highlighted the Performance Assessment System (PAS) project on water and sanitation, commissioned by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to CEPT. The project helped in the development of simple ICT technologies for capacity building. She stressed that given the special kind of expertise that is demanded from training programs organised by CEPT, the current program would help in expanding the knowledge base and better redressal of issues during training programs. CEPT is proposing to conduct a Winter School on Waste Management end of the year. This session was followed by the working groups where the participants were divided into three groups and discussions were done on the 5 day course. The main outputs of the three groups are highlighted in the following section. WORKING GROUPS The working groups were formed in following manner, based on their background and areas of expertise. Group A Asha Panwar, Jyoti Mhapsekar, Monisha Narke, Geetanjali Pawar Group B Dnyaneshwar Kamble, Neha Pattnayak, Deepali Sinha Khetriwal Group C Mona Iyer, Zarasp Irani, Apoorva Gadre, Shashikant Kamble The groups were given about one and a half hours to discuss the 5 day course for professionals, as presented by Mr. Shantanu Roy. The findings are as follows. Group A 1. The Course has to be spread out and made more flexible. A continuous course for professionals will be a problem. Schedule such as one day a week may work. 2. A local field visit of half a day can be incorporated for better understanding. The site could include a dumping ground, and projects that have been successfully implemented. 3. In the course, more focus should be given to agencies and their details, especially, their role in EPR and Green Procurement should be highlighted. 4. Upcycling of waste should be avoided and they should not be included in the course. Instead, more focus should be given on the recycling of waste. 5. A detailed list of waste streams, methods of collection and guidelines for specific waste streams may be highlighted. It can be connected to practicing of the EPR. Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 22 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 6. Other challenges in the social and economic context may also be embedded in this course, e.g. the importance of informal sector and how they can be integrated in mainstream waste management and how to address livelihood, dignity, health and safety. 7. Focus should also be given on infrastructure required for waste management. Discontinuation of weight based measures, smarter collection technologies and methods to handle mixed waste were some of the suggestions from the group. 8. Safety and hygiene should also be taken up as an issue for waste management. The inclusion of technology in this aspect can also be highlighted. 9. Local case studies should diversify from providing only case studies on aerobic and anaerobic waste management procedures. Case studies on biogas plants and recycling plants can be included, for example. 10. The Module 4 of the course should include some procedural tools to understand the tools and practices of solid waste management better. Tools like calculators of impact should be included. 11. Reality checks should be incorporated as to what should be monitored and what not. 12. Active organizations in the waste management sector should be incorporated. 13. A module can be developed on public education and awareness building and communication. Group B 1. Driving Engagement should be incorporated in the following waysBusiness opportunities and road maps, methods of scaling up, Institutional framework for Governance, show stoppers (best examples), Communication model ( Data representation for various reports , Customized Dash boards and information for different stakeholders ) and benchmarks 2. Business Aspect can be incorporated by introducing venture capital funding in financial sustainability section. Understanding of how the business proposals are assessed should be included. This is needed since lot of waste management proposal are getting rejected. 3. The details under ’Measures to be taken to make a business sustainable and responsible’ from financial sustainability section should be removed. Group C 1. The overall course should be covered through resource materials which would make the encapsulation of the modules easily. The standard operating procedure for certain systems may also be incorporated in the course. 2. Clear milestones for the participants in the course should be highlighted that are expected to be achieved. 3. Peering should be incorporated within the course for better learning. 4. A field visit to best practices can also be included. The course can be split into two parts- classroom modules and visits. Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 23 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 5. Module1: Awareness on the necessity of Waste to resource management should be incorporated. Topic of EPRs should be incorporated to emphasize partnerships. Technical requirements should be addressed. The kind of waste to be segregated, sorted or extracted should be made available. 6. Module 2: The State jurisdiction of the operation should be clearly identified in the module. State level policies should be used. Cooperation and coordination among agencies should also be encouraged as a part of the course. Troubleshooting manuals should be provided for field practitioners. 7. Module 3: The pros and cons of each kind of waste disposal can be specified. The technical training and operational assistance should also be highlighted in this section. Rapid assessment methods of waste audit could be incorporated in this module. 8. Module 4: A common template for indicators may be provided. 9. Module 5: The methods of enforcement of the legal procedures can be added. The necessity of monitoring, accountability and assessment of the current labour force can be incorporated. Green procurement should be emphasized for waste prevention and stressing from Life Cycle Assessment point of view. Involvement of social scientists is recommended. 10. Module 6: Waste finance and their implications and economic models should be discussed in this module. The workshop was closed by Dr. Modak with a note of thanks to all the participants for their inputs in the working groups. Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 24 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 Figure 8: Group Photo of the Workshop Participants Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 25 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 ANNEXURES Related tables and information about the workshop ANNEXURE 1 Table 8: List of Participants at the Workshop with Contact Details NAME ORGANISATION CONTACT Anuja Sawant Environmental Engineer, Prasad Modak and [email protected] Associates (Mumbai) Apoorva Gadre Solid Waste Management (SWM) Cell, [email protected] Department. of Science, Technology and Environment , Government of Goa (DoSTE) (Goa) Asha Panwar Ph.D. Scholar, Centre for Technology [email protected] Alternatives for Rural Areas (CTARA) ,IIT Bombay (Mumbai) Ashini Malhotra Regional Manager(India &Sri Lanka), Griffith [email protected] University (Australia) Dnyaneshwar Senior Manager, CMC Ltd (Mumbai) [email protected] Dr. Deepali Sinha Research Associate, United Nations University [email protected] Khetriwal Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability Kamble (UNU-IAS), and Senior Consultant, Sofies (Mumbai) Dr. Megha Independent Environment Services Professional Phansalkar (Mumbai) Dr. Prasad Modak Executive President, Environmental [email protected] [email protected] Management Centre (Mumbai) Dr.Sunil Herat Senior Lecturer in Waste management, Griffith [email protected] University (Australia) Emon Dastidar Environmental Planner, Environmental [email protected] Management Centre (Mumbai) Geetanjali Pawar Waste-to-Energy Research and Technology [email protected] Council (WTERT) (Mumbai) Jyoti Mhapsekar Founder Member, Stree Mukti Sangathana(SMS) [email protected] (Mumbai) Monisha Narke Reducing Reusing Recycling, RUR [email protected] Neha Pattnayak Plasma Energy (Navi Mumbai) [email protected] Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 Page 26 Capacity Building Workshop in Waste and Resource Management for Professionals Mumbai, India. 20th January 2015 Prof. Mona Iyer Associate Professor, CEPT University [email protected] (Ahmedabad) Shantanu Roy Senior Vice President, Environmental [email protected] Management Centre (Mumbai) Shashikant Waste-to-Energy Research Kamble Council (WTERT) (Mumbai) Zarasp Irani Independent Consultant Australia-India Council Grants Program 2014-15 and Technology [email protected] [email protected] Page 27
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