A Publication of La Salle Academy NYC The Cardinal Volume 1, Issue 1 September September--October 2014 Special points of interest: La Salle Welcomes our new President: Dr. Guerriero PH.D Congratulations to the September Students of the Month! La Salle takes part in the Special Olympics at Randall’s Park on pg. 11 Student Body Representatives on pg. 9 Inside this issue: Welcome Dr. Guerriero 2 Editor-in-chief Notes 4 New Teacher introductions 5-7 Freshman Welcome 8-9 La Salle Literacy Forum 11 Cultural Emersion 12 Sports 1416 Freshman Cookout and Freshman experience PG’s 8-9 1 September Students of the Month: pg.10 The Cardinal La Salle Academy welcomes its new President! By: Noah Griffith It’s with great pleasure to interview the newest President of La Salle Academy: Dr. Catherine Guerriero PH.D. Before Dr. Guerriero became the President of La Salle she ran for Public Advocate and was defeated by current Public Advocate Letitia James. Dr. Guerriero realized that she always had a heart for public service, to work for others to be their amplifier, their megaphone, their voice, that is why she wanted to run for Public Advocate. Now instead of advocating for 8 million New Yorkers, Dr. Guerriero is now advocating for 350 of New York’s best that are La Salle students. Before Dr. Guerriero ran for Public Advocate she was the Associate Director of the Papal Visit as well as Director of Strategic Planning for the Archdiocese. Now, not only is she the new President of La Salle Academy she has been a faculty member at New York University for about nine years and Colombia University for sixteen years teaching American politics as well as New York politics of schools. Later on I asked Dr. Guerriero “ what made her come to La Salle Academy to be its new President?” Her response was: “ I searched up La Salle Academy, I became aware of the extraordinary and unmatched history for 167 years of these Christian Brothers providing this glorious and rigorous education for the best boys in New York City and I believed if God thought and believed I was good enough for this then I will put everything I have into it. Since I live in the neighborhood raising my 4yr old daughter it becomes very personal and very real for me.” When I asked Dr. Guerriero how does it feel to be the President of La Salle Academy, she said she was “very blessed, very peaceful, and very happy that she is here at La Salle, also that God had better plans for her than being in an elected office, and that was to be the President of La Salle and this is where she is supposed to be, and that she was going to be here for a long while.” For Dr. Guerriero, being the President of La Salle Academy is a blessing: “every morning I wake up wondering...what can I do for the students of La Salle? What are their needs, their aspirations, their desires, etc.” Not only is Dr. Guerriero the new President of La Salle Academy, she is also the first female President in La Salle’s history which is truly remarkable. When I asked her about it, Dr. Guerriero said that “ It was a privilege to the President no matter the gender, even though I am the first female President, it’s less about being female and more of an extraordinary prescience and ability to move and change and think in the way the Christian Brothers have been doing. My Presidency signals its choice to the city; everything that is good and great and forward thinking that a new energy is needed a new presence...a new voice.” Dr. Guerriero is ready to “help lead the charge with the amazing student body and the exceptional faculty to truly say…: “La Salle is back.” With the new energy program/club on the rooftop, to “La Salle in the City” to La Salle Works” to the new backboards at the Dan Buckley Gym in the old La Salle building, to the new 3-D printing STEM programs, even to the new smart boards in every classroom, to a new extracurricular activities, to include even more electives, and many more. Dr. Guerriero’s message to the boys of La Salle “past, present and future” is:“ Don’t stop, never stop, never let anybody tell you that you can’t do anything because you can with Christ on your side and with La Salle in your hearts with an incredible education that you can be and do anything.” Her message for future prospective students? “ You got to come here, there is nothing like La Salle Academy with a rigorous, disciplined, catholic, college bound with wonderful academic, cultural, and working experiences like we offer, all of that is found in La Salle Academy...some people do things well, and other people do other things well, but nobody does it like La Salle does. There is no second place, we are it ...if that’s what you want La Salle has what your looking for.” 2 The Cardinal Welcome back from your Student Body President Adrian Corbin Photo Credits to Kevin Maldonado By Student Body President: Adrian Corbin Welcome back my fellow La Sallian students! Over the summer, Team Supreme and I have tried our best to accommodate your needs and desires. As promised we will be having two dances this school year. The school dances are scheduled for November 21st and March 27th. We also are holding a talent show on February 27th. We are proud to be a part of all the exciting talents La Salle Students encompass. I wish everyone a successful and productive school year. From Left: Adrian Corbin, Aidan Gomes, Luis Nieves, and Noah Griffith Student Body Council 3 The Cardinal Editor-In-Chief Notes Editor-in-Chief: Noah Griffith Welcome back to school my fellow classmates and colleagues! We are already into our second month of school and we are only two months away from ending a terrific 2014 year. This past summer, I have seen a lot of changes in our school that you may or may not have seen or heard. Our two dances are scheduled for November 21st and March 27th. Also planned this school year is a Talent Show that will take place February 27th. We are excited to see what talents you have and we want you to be able to express yourself through this Talent Show. In addition, we are at the beginning stages of fixing the water fountain on the 4th floor. We are pleased with our new library with 3-D printing on the first floor. The library is available between periods A-F. Also we have the internship program known as “LaSalle Works”, a program with an incredible makeover with many internships and many more on the way. We have many events coming these next two months with our Varsity Soccer team starting the playoffs at the end of month. It is imperative we show them support. The “La Salle Works” reception will take place on October 22nd and many Juniors and Seniors are invited to apply for an internship. Most importantly, the end of our first marking period is on November 6th. Our Veteran’s Day assembly is on November 10th. Our new President, Dr. Guerriero will be installed as the first female President in La Salle Academy history on November 19th. And yes, the event many of you have been waiting for is our first La Salle Dance of this school year on November 21st. The week after the dance, we will be off from school on November 26th-November 30th. With that said, your Student Body Council will be doing the best they can to facilitate to your needs. Not only are we tackling the bigger issues to improve La Salle Academy, your Student Body Council along with our Student Body Representatives are also trying to fix the small issues as well. As I’ve said before and I will always say again, Team Supreme ( which consists of Student Body President Adrian Corbin, Student Body Vice President Aidan Gomes, Student Body Treasurer Luis Nieves and I your Student Body Secretary ) are here for you. We value your suggestions that you guys place in the newly installed Suggestion Box outside the main office. We encourage all students to let their voices be heard; your suggestions to improve the welfare of La Salle Academy matter, your voice matters. We want this year to be the most productive and enjoyable year for everyone. However, to have a productive year we must work hard in the classroom, on the court, and on the field. “ Hard work will always beat lazy talent,” -Mr. Polanco, a quote that hopefully resonates with all of us. Let that inspire us and motivate us to strive for excellence. With that said, I wish everyone a successful and productive school year. Live Jesus in our Heart forever! 4 The Cardinal La Salle Academy welcomes new members to the family! An Interview with Mr. Cheung By: Noah Griffith Mr. Cheung Welcome our newest member to La Salle’s family. Mr. Cheung. Who was born in Hong Kong and came to the United States when he was 11 years old. Having studied English in Hong Kong, Mr. Cheung only took three years to converse and write in English. He attended Xavierian HS in Brooklyn and later became a undergraduate at Pace University studying Finance and Management and he went to Hunter College as a Graduate studying Education. Prior to his teaching career, Mr. Cheung worked as an accountant in a major corporation firm. Mr. Cheung said that sitting in a cubicle five days per week was not enjoyable so he changed careers and became an educator. Mr. Cheung feels that La Salle students are passionate and energetic about their work and it makes him feel it was his right decision to study education. Since this is his first full time teaching job, he is still getting used to the teaching routine, managing time wisely, tutoring students after school and making new lesson plans, etc. However , he is excited for the opportunity to work in such a high-profile school with rich traditions. He was enamored by Dr. Guerriero’s opening mass speech at the end where she said “St. John Baptist De La Salle” and the entire student body responded “Pray for us.” With that he really saw that the community and the brotherhood of La Salle Academy are “one.” Mr. Cheung loves all types of sports, his favorite team is the Yankees with Ichiro Suzuki as his favorite player. He also loves the Chicago Bulls because they have assembled a really dominant team this season. He became a Bulls fan during the Phil Jackson– Michael Jordan– Scottie Pippen era. His favorite soccer team is Manchester Utd, with retired left wing player Ryan Giggs as his favorite. He loves to see all different types of places; he has been to Spain, Italy, and Guatemala. He is a huge lover of nature; and has visited many of national Parks in the US. He also traveled to Guatemala on a church mission. group as well. La Salle welcomes Ms. Thrapsimis Ms. Thrapsimis By: Michael Martinez Ms. Thrapsimis is La Salle’s new college advisor. A people person, she is a popular person with La Salle’s seniors this year. While getting to know her, I found out a lot of things about her to which I can relate. Miss T., as she is popularly called, is a recent graduate from Manhattan College, one of the La Sallian premiere prestigious schools. She is a very sport-like person. Her favorite sport / hobby is playing softball with friends on weekends. Her favorite holiday is Christmas, and as part to her Greek heritage, her family makes melomakarona (Greek Christmas honey cookies.) Ms. T. offers college advice to all juniors and seniors and ensures that all seniors begin the college process by completing their college applications accurately and in a timely manner. In addition, Ms. T. also teaches Language Arts to our freshmen. Ms. T. is available to all students in the guidance center when she is not teaching. We welcome Ms. T to La Salle and wish her a happy fulfilling time here! 5 The Cardinal Meet Ms. Morales By Noah Griffith Ms. Morales In spirit of the new school year, we welcome our new teachers to La Salle Academy. One of the many new faces we welcome to the community that is known as La Salle Academy is Ms. Morales. Ms. Morales is one of the two people who assist students in the Academic Support Center. She is from Gilroy, California. Ms. Morales attended Gilroy High School and then St. Mary’s College of California majoring in Women and Gender studies as well as a minor in Sociology. Since she has only been in New York for a few months, Ms. Morales has only seen the Statue of Liberty, the Brooklyn Bridge, and the Botanic Garden. She tried Dunkin Donuts for the first time since it is not popular in California she also tried meatloaf for the first time. Ms. Morales has become a La Sallian Volunteer because she saw how her great her sister enjoyed being one and wants to have a similar experience like her sister. So far she is enjoying every bit of the experience of being a La Sallian Volunteer since this is her first year. Before becoming a La Salle volunteer Ms. Morales wanted to go to Grad School to become a counselor. Ms. Morales previously worked at the Intercultural Center and Women’s Research Center as well. Some interesting things about Ms. Morales is that she is somewhat of a sports fan, however she is a Raiders fan. She loves to listen to music especially Spanish music like Banta and Bachata. Her favorite food is “Enchilada Verdes” which is corn tortillas in green salsa. She also loves to watch movies and TV. She loves the TV show “Scandal” starring Kerry Washington as well as the movie “The Notebook.” Ms. Morales is not a romantic movie/comedy lover because she likes action movies more. One thing that Ms. Morales wants La Salle students to know is that she is here as a resource, she will help with anything including studying skills except math. She is excited to be here and to work with La Salle’s wonderful energetic students. An Interview with Ms. Ritterbeck By: Noah Griffith Ms. Ritterbeck One of the many new teachers we welcome into our La Salle family is Ms. Ritterbeck, who is the newest Spanish teacher at La Salle Academy. Ms. Ritterbeck graduated from the University of Scranton studying Secondary Education in Spanish and Latin American Studies. She has enriched herself even further in her studies by doing a Study Abroad program in college going to Buenos Aires, Argentina. She also attended the University of Belgrano in Buenos Aires as well. Ms. Ritterbeck began her career in teaching by doing various substituting jobs like Holy Cross HS and North Poconial HS in Pennsylvania. Ms. Ritterbeck also taught at St. Paul Interprocial in Ramsey, NJ. She loved the way her freshman high school teacher imported new knowledge in an extraordinary way. 6 Volume 1, Issue 1 Ms. Ritterbeck loves to use the smart board to contextualize the language making it more meaningful to her students. She also loves to use the vocabulary and see if students can recognize them in some songs. She feels the students are very receptive to this and love to come to Spanish class to a learn a new language as well as a new culture. Ms. Ritterbeck already feels like a member of our family, she is very excited to be a part of La Salle’s wonderful tradition. She notices the type of brotherhood and community the La Salle students have and she is very happy to be a part of this community. She views La Salle students as very friendly, kind, compassionate, people who are always polite and always say “Good morning” or “Have a good day” to her. This is what La Salle Academy expects and demand from its students! A conversation with Mr. Pagidas By Marc Tabales I enjoyed my meeting with Mr. Pagidas. He is a teacher who loves the school and its community. He teaches 11th grade Earth Science as well as 9th grade Health and Biology. Mr.Pagidas is willing to work with his students and he loves being able to know the names of all his students and also the ones who are not in his classes. He says the neighborhood is a nice and quite a peaceful location for La Salle students. When asked, however if he would rather move back to Second Street, he said yes if we had the whole building or get another floor at this location. I asked him what he hopes to accomplish here in this school he said “If I change the life of one student I’ve done my job.” Mr. Pagidas said that the main thing he would improve at La Salle – is discipline. He said that some students need more focus and that the jokes and laughs are great after class but not during class. He also said that we need to work on getting students away from their lockers. He says he sees them there every period. When I asked him how he interacts with his the different grade levels he says that he is stricter with 9th graders because they are new to the high school experience, but with his 11th graders he says he is more relaxed because they are young men and have a sense of their responsibility. Mr. Pagidas believes that the “La Salle Works” program is a great idea, and that it gave young men real world experience. When asked if he thought this could hurt the students academic life he simply said no that they would be pulled out if that began to happen. I asked him about video games since I am video game president, he said he himself does not play video games but sees them as a great way to relief stress. He does not believe that video games can create bullies or criminals, however he thinks it a media myth. I asked him what he hopes to accomplish here in this school he said “If I change the life of one student I’ve done my job.” Mr. Pagidas 7 Volume 1, Issue 1 A “fresh” perspective Editorial by Anthony Urena My name is Anthony Urena, a freshman at La Salle Academy So far my initiation into La Salle Academy has been quite hectic. The first week, going through the hallways after each period was similar to a 5 o’clock rush hour or traffic. Eventually it became tolerable. I have not had a hard time getting to know people and some teachers because I knew them from summer readiness. The teacher are pretty cool and all of them teach well. Homework and time management, can be difficult. I signed up for about 5-4 clubs and I am a member of the Varsity soccer team (There is practice every day, except if coach Pally cancels). I would like to do an internship as well. It seems that high school can be overwhelming, but it is just the matter of getting used to it. Freshman Cookout By: John Napoiltano The freshman cookout was a new fun experience for me here at La Salle Academy. It was an event that would bond as La Sallian brothers. We were split up into teams and provided with sticks and tape. The objective of this game was to build a tall creative structure with the provided materials. The awards were for tallest structure and most creative structure. This game helped us work together to accomplish a goal. The second game was also challenging. We crossed our arms and held hands. The team that could spin around without being tangled up won. This game involved every person on the team and everyone needed to work together. The last game was individual and was also quite fun. We all lined up on the wall in the gym. The teacher put some prizes in the middle of the gym. The teacher would say something like, "Everyone with blue shoes run to the middle." The boys with blue shoes ran to the middle and whoever got there first grabbed the prize. After the games we gathered in the cafeteria to eat lunch with our brothers. There was popcorn, drinks, burgers, and hot dogs. The freshmen cookout helped me bond with brothers that will be in my class for the next four years of my life. Overall, I had a really good time at the freshmen cookout. 8 The teacher put some prizes in the middle of the gym. The teacher would say something like, "Everyone with blue shoes run to the middle." The boys with blue shoes ran to the middle and whoever got there first grabbed the prize The Cardinal Freshman Experience By: John Napoiltano Freshman year is a brand new start for kids. New people, new school, and new teachers! This is an experience that only comes once in your life. Personally I'm not a person who likes change very much, however, this change from my old school to La Salle Academy has been great. Some of the kids here I already knew but I also have found new friends here at La Salle. The freshman experience for me has been great. La Salle says that they are a brotherhood and indeed we are. You can see that brotherhood whenever we gather. Although I am new at La Salle, as soon as you walk through that door La Salle makes you feel welcome. If it was possible I believe that every young man should attend La Salle Academy. These pictures were taken during the annual freshman cookout ( Photo credits: Ms. DeRosa ) 9 The Cardinal Congratulations to our September Students of the Month! ( From Counter clockwise )Congratulations to Freshman Khalil Harris, Sophomore Eric Santana, Junior Thomas Raszkiewicz, and Senior Kavon Harris 10 The Cardinal La Salle Literacy Forum The Life of a sophomore By: Matthew Perez Being a sophomore means you have a lot of work to do. But you may meet new friends and teachers too. You take a whole new set of classes and perhaps even have free periods. And with each class and teacher there is a whole new learning experience. A sophomore works hard to keep up his grades and do well in school. With that they gain new knowledge which they can use as a tool. Sophomores may be already thinking about college or what they want to be. Or they may not be looking too far for what they can see. Life as a sophomore always has its ups and downs. But a sophomore or any student will always have their family and friends around. La Salle takes part in the Special Olympics at Randall’s Park! 11 Volume 1, Issue 1 Congratulations to our Student Body Representatives! Freshman: 405: Jose Colon, and Zaire Berkeley 406: Brian Gil and Kahlil Harris 410: Micah Martin and Dakota Paul 503: Brian Sanchez and Anthony Urena Sophomores: 408: Bryce Council and Malik Campbell 505: Matthew Perez and Justin Rivera 507: Frandy Rodriguez and Eric Santana 508: Jayden Lucas and Ricardo Deoleo Juniors: 401: Wilfredo Cueto and Jordan Del Toro 403: Jayson McCoy and Christian Mendez 404: Christopher Quinones and Andrew Tom Seniors: 407: Brian Bass and Paulo DeSouza 502: Marc Tabales and Jemir Toussaint 504: Edward Moss and Kevin Maldonado Hispanic Heritage Week By Marc Tabales As a Hispanic I am proud of my heritage and was delighted with our Hispanic heritage week at La Salle on Monday Sept.29-Friday October 3rd. La Salle Academy is alive with Latin spirit. On Monday Sept. 29th there was a Mass in Spanish from 1:30pm-2:15pm conducted by Father Augustino Torres. Also, there was an amazing Spanish guitarist in Mr. Bless’ chorus class. On Sept. 30th we had Bishop Paul Sanchez visiting LSA as well. On Oct. 1st, we had NYPD’s first Hispanic Deputy Commissioner Rafael Piniero visited several classes. During that time, Mr. Bless’ Sabor Latino performed in the cafeteria during lunch periods; Spanish food was also served at lunch that day. On Oct. 2nd, Father Soler from the Archdiocesan office of Hispanic Ministry talked to some students. Finally, former NBA player Felipe Lopez came and spoke to with some of our gym classes. It’s a wonderful feeling that my history will be as exciting as the future. I surveyed several Hispanic La Sallians during Hispanic Heritage week. To discover what Hispanic Heritage meant to them. Let’s start with the widely known Brother Anwar who surprised me because even though he was born in Mexico, his favorite culture is Cuban. Ms. Morales another Mexican American who was born in California, likes New York because of the multiple Latin cultures. Ms. Santos, who is born right here in New York; ( her Mother is from El Salvador and her Father is from Puerto Rico ) likes Mexican food but thinks Spanish people are very vocal ( we know it’s true ). I’ve had the privilege to interview Ms. Conroy. The first Hispanic person she met is Mexican and she says she likes Mexicans because they are hardworking people. However, she likes Hispanic people because they like to have fun. Mr. Polanco is from the Dominican Republic and is also from Puerto Rico and he loves Spanish people. He also loves the food as well as the cultures calling us a festive bunch. A student Michael Martinez has the cultural combination of the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico, but he wants to study the main source of Spanish which is in Spain. 12 Volume 1, Issue 1 E. J. Ernest Scharpf Jr. Scholarship Award Winner Congratulations to Sophomore Wilson Alexei, the winner of the E.J.Ernest Scharpf Jr. Scholarship. By being the valedictorian of his sophomore class, Wilson has received a IPad Mini and his scholarship covered a full year worth of tuition. Congrats Wilson on such an amazing achievement! Page 13 13 Volume 1, Issue 1 Soccer By: Noah Griffith The soccer season has begun a few weeks ago with the Cardinals looking to make it to the playoffs this season. The Cardinals are 3-7-1 so far under Coach Pally’s first year at the helm and they played St. Peter’s this past Friday. After that game, there will be two regular season games left before the playoffs. A highlight of the season so far is the team’s 8-0 win against St. Edmund’s Prep with Damiano Nicoloso scoring three ( 3 ) goals and Jason Criollo, Jayden Lucas, Bryan Otaralo, Michael Garces, and Christian Perez scoring one goal apiece. With that, Coach Pally had some great insight on how the team is now: “ The team is really starting to come together . We started off slow but we have played much better as the season has progressed” Basketball By Noah Griffith With the Baseball season already in the postseason you know that its that time of the month. We’re in October, and that means training camp has started….and preseason basketball is here! With the NBA season upon us, many of us wonder who is going to win the NBA title. Is it the Cavaliers with the new Big 3 in Lebron James, Kevin Love, and Kyrie Irving? Is it the reigning champions San Antonio Spurs? Is it the Oklahoma City Thunder? Or could it be the Chicago Bulls? Or even some “ dark horse “ teams like the Golden State Warriors, Washington Wizards, Houston Rockets, Dallas Mavericks, Portland Trailblazers, or even my personal favorites...the New York Knicks? These are all good decent choices, however some people will disagree. As usual let the discussion and the smack-talking of other teams begin! Basketball at La Salle is also gaining momentum with Freshman Intramurals already underway; the playoffs begin on October 23rd and the championship game is on October 29th. Also, Freshman, JV, and Varsity schedule has been posted on the 5th floor for information on tryouts and open gyms. Under a new coaching change with Coach Pannell as the new Varsity Basketball coach, and Coach Smith continuing his success with the freshman team, expectations are running rampant among La Salle students. Bowling By: Noah Griffith The Junior Varsity and Varsity teams are starting off their season on a good note with the Varsity team starting off the season with a 4-0 undefeated streak. They are currently sitting atop in the A’ Division. JV is also starting on a good note going sub-.500 with a record of 2-2 sitting atop the B’ Division yet 5th overall. Also, seven LSA students played in the Junior Masters, with Daquan King winning the entire thing and receiving a $1,000 scholarship, Isaac Martinez got in third and won a $200 scholarship and Marc Tabales going fourth and receiving a $150 scholarship, congratulations to them all! 14 Under a new coaching change with Coach Pannell as the new Varsity Basketball coach, and Coach Smith continuing his success with the freshman team, expectations are running rampant among La Salle students. LaSalle Academy Did You Know? The specific cause of death and burial site of Genghis Khan is unknown because all of the funeral guests and his soldiers were killed in order to keep it a secret. The longest tennis match took place at Wimbledon 2010 ; American John Isner defeated Frenchman Nichoas Mahut by the score of 6-4, 3-6, 6-7 (7), 7-6 (3); thus the final score was 70-68 in a match that lasted 11 hours and 5 minutes, which played over three days. The word GOLF does not stand for “Gentlemen Only, Ladies Forbidden.” It originates from an old German word “kolb,” meaning club NFL referees who officiate the Super Bowl will receive a Super Bowl ring whatever the outcome of the game may be. When Basketball was created, the jump ball took place in the middle of the court after every made basket. Ex-MLB catcher Harry Chiti became the first player ever to be traded for himself. He was traded from the Cleveland Indians to the New York Mets, for a “player to named later.” However, Chiti played fifteen horrendous games for the Mets. Thus he became that “player to be named later” to be traded to the Indians. Actual MLB playing time is less than 18 minutes; it’s about 17 minutes and 58 seconds according to the “Wall Street Journal.” All of that action includes: wild pitches, pickoff throws, one fake pickoff throws, balls in play, jogging batters, pitches( which includes balls, strikes, and foul balls hit into play) take all that aay and the amount of “pure action” on the field is about 5 minutes and 47 seconds. The Cardinal Newspaper Staff: Editor-in-Chief: Noah Griffith Assistant Editor: Marc Tabales Contributors: Adrian Corbin Isaac Martinez Michael Martinez John Napoiltano Matthew Perez Anthony Urena The Cardinal is also on the Web Lasalleacademy.org The Cardinal is a monthly publication run by the Student Body of La Salle Academy. If you wish to contribute articles, see Ms. Toney in Room 401 before or afterschool or directly email them to : Special Contributor: Dr. Guerriero [email protected]. Meetings are held afterschool during the week before and after publications. Photography: Kevin Maldonado Randy Rosario Moderator: Ms. Toney 15 ONE OF THE TWO JUNIOR MASTER’S CHAMPIONS: DAQUAN KING (Courtesy of Frank Wilkinson: silive.com ) SOCCER UPDATE: PG: 13 “DID YOU KNOW?” PG: 15 16
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