Interdependence Vocabulary Key Question 1: Roles in the Ecosystem ● organism ● biotic factors ● abiotic factors ● producer ● consumer ● decomposer ● herbivore ● carnivore ● omnivore Key Question 3: Energy Flow in the Ecosystem ● trophic levels ● food chain ● food web ● primary consumer ● secondary consumer ● tertiary consumer ● energy pyramid ● carbon cycle ● nitrogen cycle ● oxygen cycle Key Question 2: Relationships in the Ecosystem ● competition ● intraspecies competition ● interspecies competition ● predation ● predator ● prey ● adaptations ● symbiosis ● mutualism ● commensalism ● parasitism ● parasite ● host ● scavenger ● photosynthesis Key Question 4: Population Change in the Ecosystem ● population ● direct observation ● indirect observation ● sampling ● mark and recapture ● birth rate ● death rate ● immigration ● emigration ● population density ● carrying capacity ● limiting factor Name: ________________________ Date: _______________ Test Date:
April 10, 2015 Interdependence Study Guide Key Question 1: Roles in the Ecosystem ● What is an organism? ● What is the difference between biotic and abiotic? ● Is a fallen tree considered biotic or abiotic? ● List five producers. ● What do producers produce? ● How do producers make what they make? ● How are producers and consumers different? ● Why are consumers called that? ● What are the three types of consumers? ● What does each of those consumers eat? Key Question 2: Relationships in the Ecosystem ● What makes plants and animals compete in an ecosystem? ● What is intraspecies competition? ● What is interspecies competition? ● Give examples of predators. ● Give examples of prey. ● Choose one predator and explain how it has adapted to be a good predator. ● Choose one animal of prey and explain how it has adapted to avoid predators. ● What are the three types of symbiosis? ● Give examples for each type of symbiosis. ● Describe the relationship between a parasite and its host. ● How is a scavenger different from a decomposer? ● Describe the process of photosynthesis. ● What are the three things that plants need for photosynthesis? ● What is the waste product of photosynthesis? Key Question 3: Energy Flow in the Ecosystem ● Make an energy pyramid with a sun and label all four trophic levels. Also include the following labels: producers, herbivores, carnivores, omnivores. Draw arrows to show how the energy flows in an energy pyramid. ● Draw a simple food chain. Include arrows to show how energy flows. ● Include a food chain inside a food web, which includes at least 8 animals. Include a tertiary consumer. ● Why is an herbivore always a primary consumer? ● Why is a secondary consumer never a producer? ● Why can secondary consumers sometimes be primary consumers? ● Describe the steps in the carbon cycle. ● Where does the carbon in an animal’s body go when it does? ● Describe the nitrogen cycle. ● Describe the oxygen cycle. ● How do plants and animals help each other? Key Question 4: Population Change in the Ecosystem ● How is a population different from an organism? ● What are the four methods of determining the size of a population? ● When is direct observation a good technique? ● Describe an example of indirect observation (such as from Outdoor School). ● Describe the process of random sampling (such as the sunflower lab). ● When is mark and recapture a better method? ● Describe the counting turtles lab (it’s also on your notes from 3/31). ● What are the two main ways an organism can join a population? ● What are the two main ways an organism can leave a population? ● What were to happen if the death rate is higher than the birth rate? ● Why would an animal emigrate from a population? ● Why is there a carrying capacity for every population? ● What has happened on Catoctin Park with the deer? Why is it a bad thing? ● What are some limiting factors, which could impact a population?