1. art and entertainment
2. books and literature

WEEK 25
Vol. 15 Issue 4
Fourth Quarter
The
Renaissance
®
s-w.co/WH6-25
The Renaissance
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Rebirth of
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Artists
Michelangelo Buonarroti (14751564):7KHGRPHRI6W3HWHU·V
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3. Galileo Galilei
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Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446):
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2
Writers
Francesco Petrarca “Petrarch” (1304-1374):0DQ\FDOOKLP
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Renaissance Man:
Leonardo da Vinci
Scientist, inventor, painter,
backwards. It’s not easy.)
sculptor—Leonardo da Vinci did
To read his writings, one
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needs to hold the pages
of Vinci (where he got his last
in front of a mirror.
name), da Vinci became one of
Some of the ideas
the greatest painters of the
in his 5,000-page
Italian Renaissance. Two of his
notebook include:
most famous paintings are the
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“Last Supper” and the “Mona
an alarm clock,
Lisa.”
a helicopter, a
Da Vinci was an
parachute and a diving
A
self-portrait
of
impatient young man and a
suit. Da Vinci
perfectionist, always thinking Leonardo da Vinci.
also sketched
he could improve his works
what looks like
of art. Interested in the world around
an early automobile! Two
him, da Vinci kept a notebook tucked
huge springs helped power da
in his belt so that when he observed
Vinci’s vehicle, and one could
something or had an idea he could
steer it with a tiller attached
write it down. To make sure others
to wheels. To learn about the
didn’t copy his ideas, da Vinci wrote
human body, da Vinci dissected
backwards! (Try writing a sentence
human cadavers to study the
workings of the muscles and other body
organs. He did this during a time when
authorities put to death anyone caught
studying the insides of a body.
Da Vinci, who died in 1519,
once said, “Learning never
exhausts the mind.”
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Scientists
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Ah, Venice!
When Attila the
Hun invaded Italy
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Italians ran to a
nearby, watery
lagoon to avoid the
attacking Huns. That
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became the city of
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century, Venice
was an independent
state, and it became
a trading center for
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time the Renaissance
began, Venice had a
large navy with hundreds of merchant ships and was a
very wealthy and powerful city-state. When the people of
Venice heard about Johannes Gutenberg’s printing press
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1482, Venice was the printing capital of the world.
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Sea, Venice is often called the “Queen of the Adriatic.”
People know it as one of the most beautiful cities in the
world, in part because it is an island city amid water.
Venice consists of 118 islands with buildings constructed
on wooden pilings. Except for narrow walkways
throughout the city, people use boats to travel Venice’s
160 canals. The narrow boats of Venice are called
gondolas and are very popular, especially among tourists.
Rowers compete in more than 100 races each year, and
you can buy gondola-shaped pasta in shops. More than
400 arched bridges link the city’s walkways and enable
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tides. Many of the buildings’ foundations have eroded and
sunk into the Adriatic Sea, especially after people began
digging wells in the 20th century. Today, many lower
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Did You Know?
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over the age of 12 had to wear a hat in
public.
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playing a game similar to football. They
used a “ball” made from a pig’s bladder
stuffed with peas! (Later the bladder
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tined, as “split spoons.” Although there
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forks from before the 1600s, the fourtined fork didn’t become popular until
the late 1800s.
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Medici, commissioned 19-year-old
Michelangelo to construct a snowman
after a rare snowstorm in 1494.
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“pilgrim-mirrors,” small mirrors
attached to a pin that they stuck in
their hats. People believed that if you
looked at religious objects, the mirrors
captured the objects’ powers and would
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Gutenberg’s Printing Press
Communication increased rapidly after the invention of the printing press by
a German man named Johannes Gutenberg. He based his invention on the ancient
Chinese idea of block printing, and historians believe Gutenberg was the
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a carved wooden block of text, Gutenberg used individual
letters that could be reused and moved around to
form new words. Printers called this moveable type.
Also, instead of carving letters on wood, which
could warp, Gutenberg made metal blocks.
Gutenberg’s printing press enabled printers to
produce books faster and cheaper. Until 1454,
people had duplicated books by hand.
Historians estimate that before the printing
press there were only about 30,000 books,
which were very expensive. Just 50 years after
Gutenberg invented the printing press,
there were more than 9 million books.
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believe printers manufactured about 200
copies and that parts of 48 copies of the
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ACROSS
1. the father of Humanism
4. Renaissance artist who sculpted
David and the Pietà
5. discovered the law of universal
gravitation
7. the everyday language of the
people
8. Renaissance movement based
on ancient Greek and Roman
philosophy
9. the way Leonardo da Vinci wrote
in his notebook
Name ______________________________________
DOWN
As you read this week’s lesson, circle or
highlight all proper nouns with any color
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some of the crossword answers and get
ready for this week’s test.
1. invention that made producing
books faster and cheaper
2. “Queen of the Adriatic”
3. narrow boats popular among
tourists in Venice
6. major events that led to the
Renaissance
What was
bloodletting?
Agility of Mind:
Teddy Roosevelt Wins Nobel Peace Prize
agile (adjective): able to move quickly and easily; ex.: as agile as a monkey, an agile mind.
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Theodore Roosevelt
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and the Portsmouth
Peace Treaty
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In the Middle Ages, people believed
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was one of these.
People thought illness resulted
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out of balance. Doctors believed
that bleeding a person would remove
impurities and help balance their
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shallow bowl in an effort to cure many
diseases. The practice was believed to
be a reliable cure for many hundreds
of years. It is still practiced in some
cultures today. Modern doctors think
U.S. President George Washington
might have died prematurely from
too much blood being taken during a
bloodletting. However, doctors also
suspect that bloodletting may actually
have helped in some cases. Once blood
is lost, the body kicks into overdrive
and works to produce more blood, a
process
that can
have
positive
effects.
Pretend you are the Mona
Lisa portrait hanging in the
Louvre in Paris, France.
What do you notice as thousands of people crowd
around to see you up-close? What do you hear? Do
you smell anything funny? Are people taking lots of
videos and pictures of you? Write about a day in
your life as a famous painting, protected from air,
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writing for proper spelling, grammar and punctuation.