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Anatomy 3 Review
____1. In humans, structures that absorb most of the products
of digestion are the
(A) ducts of the pancreas
(B) cells of the esophagus
(C) villi of the small intestine
(D) muscular folds of the gallbladder
____2. Food is moved through the small intestine by a
muscular process known as
(A) passive transport
(C) dehydration synthesis
(B) phagocytosis
(D) peristalsis
Base your answers to questions 3 and 4 on the diagram below. For
each statement select the organ, that is most closely associated
with the statement below. [A number may be used more than once
or not at all.]
OLLCHS
____7. In a human, peristalsis occurs in which organs?
(A) salivary gland, esophagus, and stomach
(B) stomach, small intestine, and pancreas
(C) esophagus, stomach, and small intestine
(D) esophagus, small intestine, and liver
____8. Adult humans normally produce feces with low water
content due to the activities of the
(A) large intestine
(C) stomach
(B) small intestine
(D) anus
____9. Which gland does not secrete hormones?
(A) pituitary gland
(C) sex gland
(B) thyroid gland
(D) salivary gland
____10. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below, which represents the human digestive
system.
____3. The chemical digestion of protein begins within this
organ.
(A) 1
(C) 5
(B) 2
(D) 4
____4. Materials to be egested are stored in this organ.
(A) 5
(C) 3
(B) 2
(D) 4
____5. In which human digestive organ do proteases function?
(A) mouth
(C) gall bladder
(B) esophagus
(D) stomach
____6. What is the role of teeth in digestion?
(A) They break down food chemically, aiding the
movement of the food through the esophagus.
(B) They break down food chemically, mixing saliva with
the food for easier digestion.
(C) They break down food mechanically, increasing the
surface area of the food for enzyme action.
(D) They break down food mechanically, stimulating
enzyme synthesis in the food.
Peristalsis occurs in the structures represented by letters
(A) B, C, and D
(C) A, C, and G
(B) B, C, and F
(D) D, F, and G
____11. The pancreas is an organ connected to the digestive
tract of humans by a duct (tube) through which digestive
enzymes flow. These enzymes are important to the
digestive system because they
(A) form proteins needed in the stomach
(B) form the acids that break down food
(C) change food substances into molecules that can pass
into the bloodstream and cells
(D) change food materials into wastes that can be passed
out of the body
____12. Bile is a secretion which aids in the digestion of
(A) lipids
(C) saccharides
(B) proteins
(D) starches
Anatomy 3 Review
____13. Which structure produces a substance that aids in the
mechanical breakdown of fats?
(A) liver
(C) testes
(B) thyroid gland
(D) pituitary gland
____14. Increased perspiration, a higher body temperature, and
a rapidly beating heart are all possible responses to a
stressful situation. These body responses are most likely a
direct result of the interaction of the
(A) digestive and endocrine systems
(B) digestive and respiratory systems
(C) nervous and endocrine systems
(D) nervous and reproductive systems
____15. An increase in the level of insulin in the blood would
most directly result in
(A) a decrease in the amount of glucose in the blood
(B) a decrease in the amount of protein in the blood
(C) an increase in the amount of fat in cells
(D) an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in cells
____16. Base your answer to the following question on the
structures below and on your knowledge of biology. For
each statement select the structure that is best described by
that statement.
Structures
____22. Homeostasis is illustrated in the human body by the
effects of insulin and glucagon on the amount of
(A) fats digested into glycerol
(B) amino acids absorbed by villi
(C) oxygen transported to the lungs
(D) glucose in the blood
____23. The secretion of chemicals that stimulate responses in
specific body tissues is a function of
(A) the nervous system, only
(B) the endocrine system, only
(C) both the nervous system and the endocrine system
(D) neither the nervous system nor the endocrine system
____24. The pancreas produces one hormone that lowers blood
sugar level and another that increases blood sugar level.
The interaction of these two hormones most directly helps
humans to
(A) maintain a balanced internal environment
(B) digest needed substances for other body organs
(C) dispose of wastes formed in other body organs
(D) increase the rate of cellular communication
____25. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below, which represents the two systems involved
in regulation, and on your knowledge of biology.
(1) Hypothalamus
(2) Pituitary gland
(3) Thyroid gland
(4) Parathyroid gland
(5) Islets of Langerhans
This gland produces and secretes a hormone that causes an
increase in the calcium concentration in the blood.
(A) 1
(D) 4
(B) 2
(E) 5
(C) 3
____17. In humans, which substance is directly responsible for
controlling the calcium levels of the blood?
(A) adrenaline
(C) parathormone
(B) insulin
(D) thyroxin
____18. Which hormone aids directly in reducing the sugar
level of the blood?
(A) glucagon
(C) insulin
(B) adrenaline
(D) estrogen
____19. If a person is having difficulty with calcium
metabolism, which glands are most likely functioning
poorly?
(A) gonads
(C) salivary
(B) parathyroid
(D) gastric
Which system is represented by the box labeled A?
(A) endocrine
(C) circulatory
(B) respiratory
(D) muscular
____26. Secondary sex characteristics in males are regulated by
(A) amylase
(C) testosterone
(B) acetylcholine
(D) estrogen
____20. The hormone TSH stimulates the production of
(A) thyroxin
(C) estrogen
(B) insulin
(D) testosterone
____27. An adaptation of the male reproductive system that
provides a lower temperature for the development of sperm
cells is the
(A) urethra
(C) scrotum
(B) penis
(D) semen
____21. Which hormone stimulates the release of sugar from
the liver into the blood?
(A) parathormone
(C) glucagon
(B) insulin
(D) FSH
____28. Regulation of sexual reproductive cycles of human
males is related most directly to the presence of the hormone
(A) estrogen
(C) testosterone
(B) progesterone
(D) insulin
Anatomy 3 Review
____29. In human males, sperm cells are suspended in a fluid
medium. The main advantage gained from this adaptation is
that the fluid
(A) removes polar bodies from the surface of the sperm
(B) activates the egg nucleus so that it begins to divide
(C) acts as a transport medium for sperm
(D) provides currents that propel the egg down the oviduct
____35. The diagram below represents the human female
reproductive system.
Base your answers to questions 30 and 31 on the diagram below
and on your knowledge of biology.
Exposure to radiation or certain chemicals could alter the
genetic information in the gametes that form in structure
(A) A
(C) C
(B) B
(D) D
____30. Which structure produces a hormone that is
responsible for such characteristics as body hair, muscle
development, and a deep voice?
(A) A
(C) E
(B) B
(D) D
____36. Which statement best describes the relationship
between the blood of a human fetus and the blood of the
mother?
(A) Their blood systems are separate only at certain times
in development and connected at other times.
(B) The blood flows directly from the mother into the fetus.
(C) Their blood systems are separate and no materials are
exchanged.
(D) Their blood systems are separate, but certain materials
pass from one to the other.
____37. The diagram below shows the human female
reproductive system.
____31. What would most likely happen if structure C was
blocked at the X?
(A) Sperm production would increase.
(B) Sperm could not be transported to the outside of the
body.
(C) Urine could not be discharged from the urinary bladder.
(D) Sex hormones would no longer be produced.
____32. Which statement describes the reproductive system of
a human male?
(A) It releases sperm that can be used only in external
fertilization.
(B) It synthesizes progesterone that regulates sperm
formation.
(C) It produces gametes that transport food for embryo
formation.
(D) It shares some structures with the excretory system.
____33. In which organ are female primary sex cells produced?
(A) ovary
(C) testis
(B) urethra
(D) placenta
____34. The human reproductive system is regulated by
(A) restriction enzymes
(C) complex carbohydrates
(B) antigens
(D) hormones
The fetus normally develops within structure
(A) A
(C) C
(B) B
(D) D
____38. Essential materials needed for development are
transported to a human fetus through the
(A) reproductive hormones (C) placenta
(B) egg cell
(D) ovaries
Anatomy 3 Review
___39. Base your answer to the following question on the diagrams below and on your knowledge of biology.
After sperm cells are deposited inside the female, the pathway they follow to reach the egg is from
(A) H to I to K
(B) J to K to H
(C) K to I to H
____40. Base your answer to the following question on the
diagram below which represents structures found in a
female mammal's reproductive system and some processes
which might occur within that system.
Which process is represented at C?
(A) fertilization
(C) implantation
(B) cleavage
(D) menstruation
(D) G to H to I
Anatomy 3 Review
Answer Key
[New Exam]
1.
C
31.
B
2.
D
32.
D
3.
B
33.
A
4.
D
34.
D
5.
D
35.
B
6.
C
36.
D
7.
C
37.
C
8.
A
38.
C
9.
D
39.
C
40.
A
10.
B
11.
C
12.
A
13.
A
14.
C
15.
A
16.
D
17.
C
18.
C
19.
B
20.
A
21.
C
22.
D
23.
C
24.
A
25.
A
26.
C
27.
C
28.
C
29.
C
30.
D