1. society
2. unrest and war

Name:
Date:
Spring Break Regents Review
US History
OLLCHS
1. Base your answer to the following question on the map below and on your knowledge of social
studies.
Which geographic feature was the boundary line between the United States and French Louisiana in 1803?
A) Appalachian Mountains
C) Mississippi River
B) Great Lakes
D) Rocky Mountains
2. Which document is most closely associated with
John Locke's social contract theory of
government?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Albany Plan of Union
Declaration of Independence
Treaty of Paris (1783)
Sedition Act of 1798
3. One reason traditions of self-government
developed in the American colonies in the 1600s,
before the French and Indian War was that the
British
A) sent effective leaders to govern colonial
settlements
B) required colonial representation in Parliament
C) practiced salutary neglect in the colonies
D) maintained a strong military presence in the
colonies
4. The Proclamation of 1763 was intended to
A) allow American farmers to use the
Mississippi River
B) outlaw slavery in the Ohio River valley
C) prevent France from expanding into the Great
Lakes region
D) avoid conflicts with Native American Indians
west of the Appalachian Mountains
5. The creation of the Virginia House of Burgesses
and the signing of the Mayflower Compact
showed that American colonists
A)
B)
C)
D)
supported the abolition of slavery
practiced elements of self-government
promoted public education
demanded immediate independence
Spring Break Regents Review
6. Which statement about the British colonial policy
of mercantilism is most accurate?
A) Raw materials from the colonies were
shipped to England.
B) England encouraged the colonies to seek
independence.
C) The colonies were required to send
manufactured goods to Europe.
D) The British opposed the use of slave labor in
the colonies.
7. The colonists’ slogan, “No taxation without
representation,” expresses a belief in
A)
B)
C)
D)
free trade
economic interdependence
the supremacy of Parliament
the consent of the governed
8. In his pamphlet Common Sense, Thomas Paine
urged American colonists to
A)
B)
C)
D)
establish their own nation
pay their colonial taxes
obey the laws of Parliament
form an alliance with France
9. The results of the French and Indian War
(1754-1763) led to the independence movement in
the thirteen colonies because the British
A)
B)
C)
D)
lost control of Canada and Florida
began imposing new taxes on the colonists
removed the Spanish threat to the colonists
opened the area west of the Appalachian
Mountains to colonial settlers
10. The Declaration of Independence (1776) has had
a major influence on peoples throughout the
world because it
A) guarantees universal suffrage
B) establishes a basic set of laws for every
nation
C) provides justification for revolting against
unjust governments
D) describes the importance of a strong central
government
11. A writer who publishes articles revealing political
corruption might be called a
A) nativist
C) philanthropist
B) muckraker
D) abolitionist
12. The major purpose of the Declaration of
Independence was to
A) describe a strategy for the defeat of the
British in the Revolutionary War
B) justify the actions of people seeking to
overthrow British colonial rule
C) provide for the establishment of new state
governments
D) provide a plan of organization for a new
government
13. Under the Articles of Confederation, the years
between 1781 and 1787 are often referred to as
the “critical period” because the
A) colonies were forced to pay high reparations
to England
B) states were fighting the French and Indian
War
C) southern states threatened to secede from
the Union over the issue of slavery
D) central government lacked the power to deal
with major problems
14. Critics of the Articles of Confederation argued
that it
A)
B)
C)
D)
imposed unfair taxes on the states
used a draft to raise a national army
provided a strong system of federal courts
placed too much power in the hands of the
states
15. The Land Ordinance of 1785 and the Northwest
Ordinance of 1787 are considered achievements
under the Articles of Confederation because they
A) established processes for settling and
governing the western territories
B) settled boundary disputes with Great Britain
and Spain
C) provided the basic methods of collecting
taxes and coining money
D) created a system of state and federal courts
16. The Great Compromise reached at the
Constitutional Convention resulted in the
A)
B)
C)
D)
formation of the Supreme Court
creation of a bicameral legislature
development of a two-party system
ban on the importation of enslaved African
Spring Break Regents Review
17. The primary purpose of the Federalist Papers
was to
A) justify the American Revolution to the
colonists
B) promote the continuation of British rule
C) encourage ratification of the United States
Constitution
D) support the election of George Washington
as president
18. Antifederalists opposed ratification of the United
States Constitution until they were assured that
A) a bill of rights would be added to the
original document
B) their supporters would receive a fair share of
federal government jobs
C) the president would be given increased
powers
D) senators would be elected directly by the
people
19. The Preamble of the United States Constitution
states the purposes of government and is based
on the belief that
A)
B)
C)
D)
the states have ultimate authority
members of Congress should be appointed
Supreme Court Justices should be elected
the people are sovereign
20. The United States Constitution is best described
as
A) statement of rules and procedures for
governing
B) summary of governmental customs and
traditions
C) guarantee of prosperity for all citizens
D) justification for rebellion against Great
Britain
21. Judicial review allows the Supreme Court to
A) determine the constitutionality of federal
laws
B) approve nominations to the president's
cabinet
C) oversee the financing of the lower federal
courts
D) remove elected officials from office
22. French Enlightenment philosopher Baron De
Montesquieu praised the British political system
because it divided the power of government
between the monarch and the two houses of
Parliament.
Which principle included in the United States
Constitution shows that the framers agreed with
Montesquieu?
A)
B)
C)
D)
separation of powers
federal supremacy
implied powers
due process
23. The United States Constitution requires that a
national census be taken every ten years to
A) provide the government with information
about voter registration
B) establish a standard for setting income tax
rates
C) determine the number of members each state
has in the House of Representatives
D) decide who can vote in presidential
elections
24. One immediate result of Alexander Hamilton's
financial plan was the
A)
B)
C)
D)
removal of the tax on exports
creation of a national bank
adoption of free trade
establishment of an income tax
25. President George Washington in his Farewell
Address, President James Monroe in the Monroe
Doctrine, and the opponents of the League of
Nations all wanted the United States to
A) avoid European conflicts
B) avoid trade with foreign nations
C) refuse diplomatic recognition of
nondemocratic nations
D) reduce foreign influence by establishing
immigration quotas
26. Which presidential action is an example of the
use of the unwritten constitution?
A)
B)
C)
D)
signing a law passed by Congress
calling a meeting of the cabinet
ordering the navy to patrol the Persian Gulf
nominating a federal court judge
Spring Break Regents Review
27. What was the spoils system?
A) the method by which John Quincy Adams
won the election of 1824
B) dispensing government jobs in return for
loyalty
C) a system of labor laws in the antebellum era
D) a policy in slavery used in the South
28. The Louisiana Purchase initially presented a
dilemma for President Thomas Jefferson because
he believed it would
A) lead to war with Great Britain
B) bankrupt the new nation
C) force Native American Indians off their
lands
D) violate his strict interpretation view of the
Constitution
29. Which Supreme Court decision is most closely
associated with the Trail of Tears?
A)
B)
C)
D)
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
Worcester v. Georgia (1832)
Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857)
30. Which statement about the electoral college
system is accurate?
A) The number of electoral votes a state
receives is based on its geographic size.
B) A candidate can be elected president without
the majority of the popular vote.
C) Presidential candidates are forced to
campaign equally in every state.
D) The total number of electoral votes has
increased with each census.
31. A major reason for purchasing the Louisiana
Territory (1803) was to
A) gain access to the Ohio Territory
B) remove the British from the borders of the
United States
C) secure control of the port of New Orleans
D) open the Rocky Mountains to miners
32. The Lewis and Clark expedition (1803-1806) was
important because it
A) determined the route of the first
transcontinental railroad
B) opened an all-water route to the Gulf of
Mexico
C) removed the British threat from the
Northwest Territory
D) increased understanding of the area included
in the Louisiana Purchase
33. Passage of the Homestead Act and of legislation
supporting the construction of transcontinental
railroads demonstrated the federal government’s
commitment to
A)
B)
C)
D)
limits on big business
settlement of western territories
conservation of natural resources
equality for all immigrants
34. Which term refers to the idea that settlers had the
right to decide whether slavery would be legal in
their territory?
A)
B)
C)
D)
nullification
sectionalism
popular sovereignty
southern secession
35. Which 19th-century event supported the
movement for women’s rights?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Seneca Falls Convention
Dred Scott decision
formation of the Republican Party
Lincoln-Douglas debates
36. What is a major result of the Supreme Court
decisions in McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) and Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)?
A) Abuses of power by the president were
prevented.
B) The powers of the federal government were
expanded.
C) The powers of Congress over the territories
were reduced.
D) Freedoms guaranteed in the Bill of Rights
were restricted.
Spring Break Regents Review
37. Before the start of the Civil War, many Southern
political leaders supported
A)
B)
C)
D)
States rights
higher tariff rates
voting rights for women
repeal of the Fugitive Slave Act
38. Under the leadership of Chief Justice John
Marshall (1801–1835), the United States
Supreme Court issued decisions that
A) declared racial segregation laws
unconstitutional
B) gave states the power to tax the Bank of the
United States
C) increased the ability of Congress to limit the
powers of the president
D) established the supremacy of federal laws
over state laws
39. In his first inaugural address, President Abraham
Lincoln stated his main goal for the nation was to
A) use the vote to resolve the conflict over
slavery
B) free all slaves in the United States
C) uphold the Dred Scott decision
D) preserve the Union
40. “A house divided against itself cannot stand. I
believe this government cannot endure
permanently half slave and half free.”
— Abraham
Lincoln, 1858
According to this quotation, Abraham Lincoln
believed that
A) slavery was immoral and should be
abolished immediately
B) sectional differences threatened to destroy
the Union
C) the Southern states should be allowed to
secede
D) to save the nation, the North should
compromise with the South on slavery
41. What was the most important advantage the
North had during the Civil War?
A)
B)
C)
D)
unified popular support for the war effort
superior military leadership
economic aid from Great Britain and France
more human resources and war material
42. Base your answer to the following question on the
quotation below and on your knowledge of social
studies.
. . . The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas
Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in
Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public
Safety may require it. . . .
¾ Article I, Section 9, Clause 2, United
States Constitution During which war was the Writ of Habeas Corpus
suspended by the president?
A) Revolutionary War B) War of 1812
C) Mexican War
D) Civil War
43. What was a major result of the Civil War?
A) The power of the Federal Government was
expanded.
B) States rights were reinforced by
constitutional amendments.
C) Southern investment capital was used to
bring about early industrialization of the
region.
D) Most freed blacks became landowning
farmers.
44. Which argument was used by President Abraham
Lincoln to explain his policy of leniency toward
the South after the Civil War?
A) Most Southerners have remained loyal to
the Union during the war.
B) Most Southerners are willing to grant
equality to formerly enslaved persons.
C) The federal government has no authority to
punish states for secession.
D) Healing the nation’s wounds quickly is
essential.
45. Why was Commodore Matthew Perry's visit to
Japan in 1853 important to the United States?
A) it ended the United States policy of
neutrality
B) it opened new trading opportunities in Asia
C) it began a military alliance between the two
nations
D) it acquired cheap labor for Americas
factories
Spring Break Regents Review
46. The underlying reason for the impeachment of
President Andrew Johnson was
A) the Credit Mobilier scandal
B) a power struggle with Congress over
Reconstruction
C) his refusal to appoint new justices to the
Supreme Court
D) his policies toward Native American Indians
47. Before the former Confederate states could be
readmitted to the Union, the congressional plan
for Reconstruction required them to
A)
B)
C)
D)
ratify the 14th amendment
imprison all former Confederate soldiers
provide 40 acres of land to all freedmen
help rebuild Northern industries
48. Black Codes were established in the South
immediately after the Civil War in an effort to
A)
B)
C)
D)
integrate freedmen into American society
enforce the Emancipation Proclamation
expand educational opportunities
limit the rights of newly freed African
Americans
49. After 1877, racial segregation became
widespread in the South primarily as a result of
the
A)
B)
C)
D)
decline of the Ku Klux Klan
activities of the Freedmen's Bureau
stationing of federal troops in the South
passage of Jim Crow laws
50. The poll tax, literacy test, and the actions of the
Ku Klux Klan were all attempts to limit the
effectiveness of what?
A) the 14th and 15th amendments
B) the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v.
Board of Education
C) civil rights legislation passed in all states
after the Civil War
D) immigration laws such as the Gentleman's
Agreement and the Chinese Exclusion Act
51. During the late 1800s, which development led to
the other three?
A)
B)
C)
D)
formation of labor unions
increased demand for natural resources
federal regulation of business trusts
growth of industry
52. One advantage of a corporation over an
individually owned business is that the
corporation has
A) a closer relationship between labor and
management
B) easier access to investment capital
C) unlimited legal liability for damages
D) exemption from prosecution under antitrust
laws
53. What did the growth of big business in the late
1800s result in?
A) a reduction in child labor
B) the elimination of the middle class
C) the widening of the economic gap between
rich and poor
D) a shift in transportation investment from
railroads to canals
54. Why were business leaders John D. Rockefeller,
J. P. Morgan, and Cornelius Vanderbilt referred
to as robber barons?
A) They bought titles of nobility from foreign
governments.
B) They were ruthless in dealing with
competitors.
C) They stole money from state and local
governments.
D) They gained all of their wealth by illegal
means.
55. The Rockefeller Foundation, Carnegie Hall, and
the Morgan Library illustrate various ways that
entrepreneurs and their descendants have
A) suppressed the growth of labor unions
B) supported philanthropic activities to benefit
society
C) applied scientific discoveries to industry
D) attempted to undermine the United States
economic system
Spring Break Regents Review
56. Base your answer to the following question on the
graph below and on your knowledge of social
studies.
59. In the late 1800s, supporters of laissez-faire
capitalism claimed that government regulation of
business would be
A) essential to protect the rights of consumers
B) necessary to provide jobs for the
unemployed
C) useful in competing with foreign nations
D) harmful to economic growth
60. Congress passed the Interstate Commerce Act
(1887) and the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890) in
response to
A) foreign influences on the United States
economy
B) public demand for better roads
C) monopolistic practices that were harmful to
small businesses
D) the failure of federal banks to provide loans
to individuals
61. One effect of monopolies on the United States
economy is that they have tended to
One major result of the completion of the Erie Canal
was that
A)
B)
C)
D)
the population of Rochester fell
shipping on Lake Champlain decreased
manufacturing along the canal declined
New York City became the nation’s commercial
center
57. During the late 1800s, major improvements to a
nationwide system of trade were made with the
A)
B)
C)
D)
construction of a network of canals
use of steamboats on rivers
completion of transcontinental railroads
construction of toll road
58. During the late 1800s, the idea of Social
Darwinism was used to explain the
A)
B)
C)
D)
development of the Granger movement
need for settlement homes
creation of a national parks system
success or failure of businesses
A) reduce business competition
B) keep prices low
C) give consumers a greater choice in
purchasing goods and services
D) lead to a greater variety in the price for a
particular product or service
62. In the United States, the main purpose of antitrust
legislation is to
A)
B)
C)
D)
protect the environment
increase competition in business
encourage the growth of monopolies
strengthen the rights of workers
63. A basic economic goal of labor unions of the late
19th-century was to achieve
A) government ownership of industry
B) a shorter workday and higher wages
C) increased fringe benefits and medical
coverage
D) equal pay for equal work
Spring Break Regents Review
64. In the late 1800s, the Homestead steel strike and
the Pullman railcar strike were unsuccessful
because
A) the government supported business owners
B) most workers refused to take part in the
strike
C) the Supreme Court ruled both strikes were
illegal
D) factory owners hired children to replace the
strikers
65. In the second half of the 1800s, which
development led to the other three?
A)
B)
C)
D)
expansion of political machines
growth of American cities
development of tenement housing
increase in crime
66. In his book How the Other Half Lives, Jacob Riis
focused attention on the living conditions of
A)
B)
C)
D)
residents of urban slums
sharecroppers in the South
Native American Indians on reservations
small farmers on the Great Plains
67. One way in which the Chinese Exclusion Act
(1882) and the Gentlemen's Agreement (1907)
are similar is that they
A) reflected nativist attitudes in the United
States
B) encouraged a policy of popular sovereignty
C) led to an increase in Asian immigration
D) eased requirements for citizenship
68. Between 1880 and 1920, where did the majority
of the "new" immigrants to the United States
come from?
A)
B)
C)
D)
northern and western Europe
southern and eastern Europe
Canada and Latin America
China and Southeast Asia
69. The Populist movement was most interested in
improving conditions for
A)
B)
C)
D)
farmers
business leaders
African Americans
Native American Indians
70. Prior to 1880, the number of immigrants to the
United States was not restricted mainly because
A) industry owners wanted cheap labor
B) the nations of Europe discouraged
emigration
C) the United States birthrate was increasing
D) Congress lacked the power to limit
immigration
71. An experience of the majority of immigrants to
the United States was that they
A) frequently met resentment
B) settled in rural areas where cheap land was
available
C) were rapidly assimilated into the
predominant lifestyle
D) joined radical political parties to bring about
economic reform
72. A goal of the Progressive movement was to
A) reduce the government's involvement in
social issues
B) correct the problems caused by
industrialization
C) promote laissez-faire policies
D) promote settlement of land west of the
Mississippi River
73. A goal set at the Seneca Falls Convention (1848)
was achieved during the Progressive Era by the
A) formation of the federal Food and Drug
Administration
B) creation of the League of Nations
C) adoption of a national income tax
D) ratification of the woman’s suffrage
amendment
74. What was a major reason most western states
granted women suffrage prior to the adoption of
the 19th amendment?
A) Western states had more college-educated
women than the eastern states.
B) Women outnumbered men in states west of
the Mississippi River.
C) A majority of western states had legislatures
controlled by women.
D) The important roles played by frontier
women promoted equality.
Spring Break Regents Review
75. Base your answer to the following question on the photographs below and on your knowledge of
social studies.
This pair of photographs suggests that the major purpose of the Carlisle Indian School was to
A)
B)
C)
D)
train future leaders in tribal traditions
prepare children for life on the reservation
teach skills needed for working in factories
promote cultural assimilation
76. Jacob Riis, Ida Tarbell, and Margaret sanger are
best known for their efforts to
A) create awareness about social problems
B) gain support for the women's movement
C) expand the rights of Native American
Indians
D) win equal treatment for African Americans
77. W. E. B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington
most strongly disagreed over which issue?
A) the constitutionality of the Sherman
Antitrust Act
B) the construction of the Panama Canal
C) methods to achieve racial equality
D) support for the Allies in World War I
78. The Meat Inspection Act (1906) and the Pure
Food and Drug Act (1906) were efforts by the
federal government to
A)
B)
C)
D)
protect public health and safety
support business monopolies
restrict foreign competition
regulate child labor
79. The Supreme Court decision in the case of Plessy
v. Ferguson (1896) affected civil rights in the
United States by
A) ruling that segregated public schools were
unconstitutional
B) rejecting the legal basis of Jim Crow laws
C) approving racial segregation in public
facilities
D) strengthening the protections of the 14th
amendment
80. Which term best describes Theodore Roosevelt,
John Muir, and Gifford Pinchot?
A)
B)
C)
D)
philanthropists
conservationists
yellow journalists
captains of industry
Spring Break Regents Review
81. The Federal Reserve Act of 1913 was intended to
A)
B)
C)
D)
create a national parks system
regulate the stock market
control the nation’s money supply
establish homelands for Native American
Indians
82. In the early 1900's, a common belief held by
most Progressives was that
A) deficit spending was essential to raise
capital needed for reforms
B) Federal ownership of industry was
necessary to correct societies problems
C) a return to a weak central government would
encourage business leaders to eliminate
abuses
D) legislation could help solve social and
economic problems
83. During the Progressive Era, support for a
graduated income tax was based primarily on the
A) desire of corporations to reduce their taxes
B) need to raise income from the lower classes
C) belief that all people should be taxed the
same
D) resentment over the unequal distribution of
wealth
84. Primaries, the secret ballot, and the use of
referendum and recall were efforts made during
the Progressive Era to
A) preserve the power of political machines
B) provide equal political rights for Native
American Indians
C) protect States rights against federal power
D) increase citizen participation in government
85. Many of Theodore Roosevelt's actions as
President indicate that he believed the role of the
President was to
A)
B)
C)
D)
act vigorously in the public interest
follow the lead of Congress and the courts
remain free from politics
improve the economy by freeing businesses
from governmental regulation
86. Which heading best completes the partial outline
above?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Reasons to Declare War on Spain
Justification for American Imperialism
Theodore Roosevelt's Political Platform
Yellow Journalism in Newspapers
87. The Big Stick policy and Dollar Diplomacy were
attempts to do what?
A) increase United States power in Latin
America
B) contain the spread of communism in eastern
Europe
C) protect free trade on the Asian continent
D) strengthen political ties with western Europe
88. A major reason the United States began to seek
colonies during the late 1890's was that the
A) Monroe Doctrine required such action
B) expansion of American industry made
acquiring new markets and additional
resources desirable
C) population pressures within the United
States had become more severe
D) cold-war rivalry between the United States
and the Soviet Union had heightened
89. The closing of the frontier and the growth of
industry in the late 1800s are two factors often
associated with the
A) reduction of exports to Asian nations
B) restoration of a plantation economy in the
South
C) formation of alliances with other nations
D) rise of United States imperialism
Spring Break Regents Review
90. The major objective of United States foreign
policy toward Latin America during the period
from 1900 to 1920 was to
A) improve the standard of living of the people
in Latin America
B) support land reform throughout the Western
Hemisphere
C) protect the human rights of native peoples in
Latin America
D) serve as protector and police officer in the
Western Hemisphere
91. Which United States policy is most closely
associated with the annexation of Hawaii and the
Philippines?
A)
B)
C)
D)
neutrality
isolationism
imperialism
international cooperation
92. Why did construction of the Panama Canal
become more important to the United States after
the Spanish-American War?
A) Congress realized that the key threat to
national secmity came from South America.
B) Great Britain had plans to purchase the
canal zone and colonize the tenitory.
C) Spain had regained control of its former
colonies near the canal route.
D) The navy needed a faster way to move ships
between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
93. Yellow journalism contributed to the start of the
Spanish-American War (1898) by
A) portraying William McKinley as a pro-war
president
B) inciting public outrage over conditions in
Cuba
C) showing the need to acquire colonies in the
Pacific
D) demanding the repeal of the Gentlemen’s
Agreement
94. Which title best completes the partial outline
below?
I. __________
A. No government without consent of the
governed
B. High cost of defending territories outside the
United States
C. United States tradition of non-involvement
A)
B)
C)
D)
America's New Immigration Policy
Reasons for Overseas Expansion
Causes of the Spanish-American War
Arguments Opposing Imperialism
95. President Theodore Roosevelt's Corollary to the
Monroe Doctrine primarily affected Latin
America by
A) guaranteeing human rights throughout the
Western Hemisphere
B) supporting independence movements in
many countries
C) encouraging immigration to the United
States
D) increasing United States intervention in the
region
96. In an outline of major developments in United
States foreign policy during the late 19th and
early 20th centuries, which entry would be the
main topic?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Emerging Global Involvement
Expansion in the Pacific Ocean
Building a Two-Ocean Navy
Intervention in Latin America
97. What was a major reason the United States
entered World War I (1917)?
A) The Japanese had occupied Manchuria.
B) Foreign troops had landed on American soil.
C) The Austro-Hungarian Empire had invaded
Belgium.
D) Germany had resumed unrestricted
submarine warfare.
Spring Break Regents Review
98. Which argument did President Woodrow Wilson
use to persuade Congress to enter World War I?
A) making the world safe for democracy
B) retaliating against the Japanese bombing of
Pearl Harbor
C) assisting the neutral nations with their
defense
D) removing the Nazi threat from the Western
Hemisphere
99. The United States entered World War I mainly
because the United States
A) wanted to protect its colonial empire in the
Pacific Ocean area
B) believed that its rights as a neutral nation
had been violated
C) was required by treaty obligations to aid
France and Great Britain
D) suffered a direct military attack
100. At the outbreak of World War I in 1914, most
Americans believed that
A) their country should stay out of the war
B) sending direct aid to Russia was necessary
and desirable
C) the government should immediately
declare war against Germany
D) the government should be more concerned
with conditions in the Far East than with
events in Europe