1. pets
2. birds

BLACKFEET - ENGLISH VOCABULARY
A
A
yes, ah, ahal (sometimes slightly nasalized)
naahsa = my g. etc.
AAHSA :::: grandfather, grandmother, mother- or father-in-law, uncle; the Queen, King
(naahsa & naahsi voc.); maahsa :::: someone's g. etc.
Naahsinana & Kaahsanun :::: the Government,
President; Itaahsopi Washington, D.C.
AApANI (-APAN-) in. = blood; -APANASI- = to turn into blood.
AAZISTAwa :::: rabbit; nitaazistam = my rabbit;
Rabbit Dance.
6mahkaazistawa = jackrabbit,
Aazistaipaskani
= the
AHK-
= home,
to home, at home;
nitaiAHKAII (aiAHKAIIw) = to go home;
nitAHKAPIAw
nitAHKAPOHTOhp = to take home;
nitAHKIAUPI (AHKIAUPlw) to stay home
AHKI-
to sail, paddle, navigate, go boating: nitaiAHKlohsi (refl.), , nitaiAHKihp;
ahki6hsazis in. = boat,
canoe;
iszi-ahki6hsazis = steamer;
6mahk-ahkiohsazis :::: ship;
ihtaiahkiohsope in. = oar,
paddle;
Aiahkiohsi = Fort Peck
AHKIZIMII: aiAHKIZIMIIw'
= it's blowing a blizzard.
AHKUINlMA- = pipe (for smoking); ohkuinimani in. = pipe; nitahkuinimani = my pipe
AHPIZI ::: to be sad, lonesome, melancholy: nitaw AHPIZI;
=good; nitAHSI (AHSSIw' an., AHSlw' in.) = to be good, well, healthy; ahssix an. pl., ahsisz in pl.,
nitaiAHSI (aiAHSIw') to like;
nitaiAHSITAKI, nitaiAHSIMMAw,
ahsiawacol.; ozizkahsi = better;
nitaiAHSIZIhp = to like, esteem, think good (of), be glad, be pleased (with);
nitsauAHSITAKI etc. to
be sorry, displeased etc.;
numohtahsitaki = thank you, you're welcome, I'm pleased about it;
Sahsi
= Sarsi (Athabascan allies);
AHSAP- = kind-hearted, charitable, compassionate; nitAHSAPSI
(AHSApSIw), nitAHSAPSATAw, __________________
ahsapsini = charity,
kindness;
nitAHSAPISTOTOAw etc. = to take good care of.
AHS-
AHSA
=what?
AHWApAlA
nitaw AHPIZIMMAw = I make himlher sad.
:=;
what for? why? (especially with -MOHT-); ahsaz = what is it?; ahsahta =why?
handsome; nitAHWAPSI (AHWApSlw' an., AHW APlw' in.):::: to be handsome
al as !
AIAwa = someone, a certain one, so-and-so; aiahk an., aiihk in.
who, which AIAKI = to hit, strike, smash: nitawAIAKI, nilliwAIAIAw, nitawAIAKIhp Page
137 ~b~__- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " " " · " "
¢
AIAZTA (-AIZTA)
AIIK
= to herd, shepherd:
, nitawAIAZTAw,
= striped, spotted, dappled
awaiazta-wa imahkihkina = a shepherd
Aiik-ski
(as with shade), shady;
Cypress Hills (striped earth), in Sask. & Alberta
Shady Face p.m.;
Aiixkimiko
=
AIKISTAN = rodeo, horse-breaking
AIMIszis = grease
-AIPISZI = always, frequently (a frequentative suffix attached to roots like ASAINI, , INI, IZKA, KAM, PUYI,
SAIZYI, SIMI, NINIHKI, KAHT)
= to approach:
AISTO
nit(awAISTO; aist6hzi
near, nearby
AISXINO- = to remember, learn v. SXINO-, NANO-. AISXINEMAZ- = to teach: nitAISXINEMAzTAKI,
nitAISXINEMAZAw,
itaisxinemaztakiopi & itaisxinemaz6zpi = school
aisxinemaztaki-wa
= teacher aisxinemaza-wa = student (passive)
aisxinemazixin =lesson
SAWAZXINO- =to forget;
,nitaiSAWAZXINOAw, nitaiSAWAZXINIhp.
AIXINI-wa = pig; v. XINI; aixiny6saki
aixistomatomahka-wa
AKA
bacon
= automobile; v. XIST-, OMATO, OMAHKA.
to rope, snare, lasso: nitOK', nitOKATAw,
Napiw' okazis a rainbow; akat imp.
; akazis in. = a rope, snare, lasso; nitokazis
akaitapi :::; crowd; akaitapisko =town;
AKAI-, AKAW- (AK-) = many, much; akaiimi an., akoi in.;
:::; Bloods; Akainakoan =a Blood man (but v. KAI.)
AKAI-
old, already, past v. Lesson VII. AKAIIKOMAHSUm an.
AKANA-
= to hurt, harm injure:
AKAP-
often
AKA WZAP-
= rich, wealthy:
= my r.
etc ..
Akaina
= is growing old.
,nitAKANAw, nitAKANlhp.
nitAKA WZApSI (AKAWZAPSlw') = to be rich; akawzapsiwa
a rich person.
AKIwa = woman, lady; 6taxesina col.;
nitakim my sister, 6takfm = his sister;
6mahkaki & kipitaki
old woman (kipitaki also = moon);
nitauaki-wa rooster, hen ("lonely lady");
aipikaki = virgin;
auxpiaki = bat ("sticky lady")
Natoaki-nietahtai or -omahxikimi:::; St. Mary River or Lake
akikoan
= girl
AKIMA-
= to chase, hunt:
AKOKAMAP-
nitawAKIMA, nitawAKIMATAw,
=important, difficult
akoxkfna, akoxkaina:::; chief
AKOMI- (AKOMMI-) = to love, be in love: nitAKOMfTAKl, nitAKOMIMMAw, nitAKOMIZlhp; SAKAKlMA­
(SAKAKIMMA-) :::; to love, esteem v. SAKAKIMA.
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138
AKOXKINA v. AKOKAMAPAKUZIAMA-
to boil, fizz, effervesce: awKUZlw';
aisakuzi :::: beer, pop, coca cola v. SAKUZI
to smell; nitawAMI, nitawAMATAw, nitawAMATOhp;
-IMI an., IMI in. = to stink, give off an
odor;
pahximow = it smells bad; ikaxim6w = it smells good,
sipazim6i in. = sweetgrass (for incense);
nitoaimow
it smells the same; ikfzfim6w == it smells very sweet;
izim6mahkihkinaw =
goat;
kakizimo = peppermint (a preservative and preventive of insect bites),
-ZEMI == to perfume: ,
nitaZEMIAw,: nitaiZEMlohsi refl.;
ihtaizimi6hsopi in. = a perfume;
AMATOSIMA = to make
incense; anatosimani in. incense
AMAP- = always
AMAUPI
to be quiet or silent, behave (well), leave alone: nitawMAUPI, nitawMAUPATAw,
AMI = to be the one: nitAMI & nitAM'; (ni) matamihpa = not I!;
matamiwa (z)
that's not the reason why.
AMI- (NAMI-) = up, upstream amihkoi = a hill, uphill
-AMIAUPI = to mount: nitAMIAUPI (notas) v.
UPI.
-AMIAWANI:::: to fly up v. AWA.
amipuk = air; (n) amipokaw (-kai) in., pI. -kaisz:::: clear
sky
AMISKAPI
south v. -KAPI: nitAMISKApo = I go south; amiskap6hzi :::: the
south;
awTAMISKAPlw = he rises (of the sun);
Amiskapiapikoan American (a Canadian
term)
AMISO to go up, climb: nitawAMISO (awAMISOw);
itawamisawopi in. = stair(way)
(AMISO is used for "cross over" a pass, with OZIT- .... v. IT-) amftohzi
up the river, west, up,
upstream;
AMITO to go upstream
Amizokimi Pacific Ocean;
Amimikapi Pikani = South
Piegans;
awamiskapata = zipper.
-AMISZI- == to float away: aiAMISZIw
= it floats away.
AMO = this (here); amoi 4 p. an.; amoxi pI. an.; amoiszi pI. in.;
amauk v., amoyauk V., amoye v.
AMONI-
= a breath or puff of wind;
amonisi
= otter;
amoiauk = here it is (in handing something);
ikliminihp & amonima in.
cigarette
AMOZA :::: to win, conquer, defeat; nitawMOZAKI, nitawMOZAw, .
ANA
= that (right there); anixi an. pl., aniszi in. pI.; 'na? =where?; 'na (4 p. 'ni =he, she, that one; ani, eni
kyene = that's it, the end v. KI. anahk an., anixisk pI. :::: who rei.; anihk in., aniszisk in. pI.
verbalized forms: anahkaye, anixiskaye, anihkaye, anisziskaye.
ANA-
as, like;
which reI.
clear: ANAm an., aiANAZIw in. = is clear;
anakimazis in. lamp, candle
ikANA- to shine,
be bright; MIstakisz Ikanaziaw :::: the Shining Mountains
aipANIw = it clears up (of the weather).
ANA.T-, ANA.TAP-
= pretty:
ANAZINAm an., ANAzINAzIw in.
is pretty.
ANA.T-, ANAZ- =little (in amount), few; anatohzi = a little (bit); ANATOHZIMI-w an., ANATOHZlw in.
a little bit, are few;
itanazi less, subtract.
ANAUK-
= half,
fraction; ANAUKlw
is half.
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anaukitapi (koan) = half-blood, metis v.
= is
MATAPI
139
.t_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- - - - - - - -. . .. . . - ­
anaukotakohsin in. = half hour v. OTAK.;
ANAUKATUm = it's half past the hour.
nitanauxi an. =
a penny v. NI-; nisitanauxi = a nickel, five cents v. NISO;
kfpanauxi = a dime, ten cents v.
KIPO,
anauxi & omahkanauxi an. = a half-dollar, fifty cents;
fnakanauxi an. = quarter of a dollar.
-AN (i)
=robe; fhkan (i) =a buffalo hide or robe; nizfhkan =my r., ozfhkan =his r.
Pikani =Piegan;
Apikani
=Spotted Robe (apik- = small pox and its marks or a hide taken off season in the spring so "spotted").
ANI-
= to say, tell, mind, obey:
nit(aw)ANI, nit(aw)ANISTAw, nit(aw)ANISTOhp (irregular: uses intransitive
stem for passive & centripetal forms) ANI, also means "to mind, obey."
za kitaniko = what's your
anistap-anisin =it means ...(cf.
name?;
anisin =word, speech, anistap- =how about (it)? v. MANIST-;
Ojb. ina: a reversal?)
-ANIK- = wing, feather (an element in bird terms; isisanikim = an eagle;
a reversal?)
= to do, make, obey, mind:
= amen .
ANISZI-
-awanoki
=feathers cf. Obj. kenu:
nitawANISZI, nitawANISTOTOAw, nitawANISTOhp
ani-ahkaniszis
& (i)kam-anistiopi
. ANITAKI
ANO
nizANITAKI & niziNITAKI
= this (right here); anoxi an. pI., aniszi in.pI.; -anohk (a) = now; an om (a) = here
=berry soup; mfniauhsini in. =berry soup
AOHSIN
AP-
= to hurry, hasten:
= around, about; v. APO; APAIZITA v. MIZIHTA; APASTAZKASI v.
-STAZ-, (one of the most common
affixes, frequently found in verbs of motion)
APAK-
= wide, broad; APAKSIw an., APAKIw in. = to be wide, broad, flat v. SIXI.
APAM- = across; apamohzi
(APAMOw)
APANI
= across,
on the other side;
APAMO
= to
go across, to cross; nitawpAMO
= butterfly, moth
APAPUm (aiPAPUm)
APAsTO
= it is lightning.
= to beckon, signal, talk signs:
v. NAPI
nitApASTO & nitAP'STO, nitApASTAw & nitAP'STAw
APAT- = behind, back, backwards, last, ago, north;
APATO = to go last, be behind: nitApATO
(AP ATOw);
·aQatohzi = behind
omfk ap:itohsik = Once upon a time...
apatohsohzi & apatohsi­
= north, Canada, Canadian;
Apatohsitapi = Canadian; Apatohsapikoan = Canadian
(white);
Apatohsitapi aip:itskaiaw (aipaskaw) = there are Northern Lights, the Aurora Borealis ("the
Canadian people are dancing; v. pASKA");
Apatohsi-Kakatosi = the North Star,
Polaris;
Apatohsi-Kaina = the North Bloods;
APATOHSO = to go backwards, go back, to north:
nitawAPATOHSO & nitAPATOHSO (awAPATOHSOw & ApATOHSOw).
Apazi-Pikani = North
apazfpistani = a braid v.
Pieg,ans col.; Apatohsi Pikani = North Piegans;
MAIIPI.;
Apatamiszinimakoan = Chinese v. NAMIAPAzIMA- = to care for:
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ,nitAPAZIMMAw, _ _ _ _ _ _ __
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140
= flint; otoan apauki
APAuKI
= white; v. NAPI-. APIAPI
his flint knife v. ISTOAN. nit(ai)API;
-apini =eye(s); anaukapiniw is one-eyed; v. NAPI-.
NApISZI = to be blind: NApISZAKI = to close the eyes: nizAPISZAKI (NApISZIw).
nitAPISZI (APISZIw & NApISZIw)
(Note APINI below.)
= to see:
APIHTA-
= to sell, give away:
nitAPIHTAKI, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , nitAPIHTOhp; v. -HTA
=scabby, spotted; APIXI =to have small pox:
APIKAPINI-
= eye(s); v. API, NAPI-.
nitAPIXI: also refers to measles.
ozkapini = blue eyes, eye glasses. (Note API above.)
APINAKO = morning, it is morning (APINAKOw); v. NAPI-. apimikosi in the morning, tomorrow
matapinakoi == the next morning;
apinakoi-siszi-w =junco,
subj.;
ahs-apinako =good morning!
snowbird
APIS
= rope; nftopim (i) = my rope.
APISIw
= coyote, wolf
APISTO
= to make, create, fix, arrange; v. -TOT-: nitAPISTOTOKI, nitAPISTOTOAw,
nitAPISTOZIhp
Apistot6ki-w = God, the Creator
-APISTOTOMOAw = to make for him/her
APISiYSKIZI-w in.
flower; v. KIZI; kfnyapisziskizi-w
=rose;
Apisziski-akai-tapi-sko = California
APIXI- = to throw, push: nit(aw)APIXfSTAKI, nit (aw)APIXISTAw, nit (aw)APIXIhp. This verb forms many
compounds: e.g. ANITAPIXI- = to scatter; AWAPIXI- = to swing; AKITAPIXI- = to divide; INAPIXI­
to drop; INIPIXI- = to throw down; KAW AIPIXI- == to open; KIAPIXI- = to gallop; MISTAPIXI- to
throwaway; NANIXKAPIXI- =to twist; OMoAIPIXI- =to gather up; OTAKAPIXI- =to turn; PAHPAPIXIto shake; SAI(YE)ZIKAPIXI- == to ring (as a bell); SAPAPIXI- =to throw into; SUYAPIXI- = to throw
into the water; etc.
itaisapapixistakiopi = a basket; sapapixistaxin = basketball (the
game);
apixkfninaw =typewriter.
APO (AP-) = to come, go: nitAPO (APOw) (often with IT: nizitAPO, etc.)
APOHSI
=to be fat, stout:
nitaw ApOHSI
APOHSZIw == to be upside-down; APOKIOTO =to turn inside out: nitAPOKIOZlhp
apokap- reversed;
APOKAPSIw an., APOKAPIw in. to be reversed; apokapitapi-w a reversed person, a contrary.
APOTAKI (APAUTAKI)
APOZI-
=to work:
nitApOTAKI
narrow, tight; APOZIw :::: it is narrow, tight;
apozzinaw an.
=biceps
APUYINAm an., APUYINAZIw in. :::: to
APUYI- brown, blond, bay; apuyfhkini =brown- or blond-haired
be blond or brown-haired
apuyinazi (sixikimi) = chocolate (to drink)
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1
AS- = young, small;
asetahtai
creek, Browning; v. NIETAHTA
asitapi-w = young person
ASAINI = to weep, cry, wail, mourn, lament: nitawASAINI (awASAINIw)
asainiillpizi & asaiaipoka-w =
cry-baby
ASAINISKOHTOMOAw = to weep for: nitawASAINISKOHTOMOAw
ASKA-
=to try (in compounds);
AISAK-; Sahsi-sokitaki = Stonies (Sarsi trying to cut) -ASI
= to become (in compounds); to cost, e.g. nisoyanasi-w = it costs 4 robes. ASH
=to sneeze:
nitawASII ASINAwa =Assiniboine(s), Sioux, Cree(s), Stonies «Cree assin or Obj. ossin meaning "stone, rock" in reference to the Rockies or perhaps "Stone Boilers")
ASK-
= too, too much, always (+ AI or AW e.g. ASKSAI- always)
refuse: nitASKAKANI, nitASKAKANISTAw, v. ANI
ASKAKANI = to consent, accept; neg.
ASO- (SO-) = a cover, covering;
asoaisz egg-shells; asotoan = knife scabbard
soxisziko' in. =
cloud;
soapitan in. = fringes;
asokaiis = trunk
(a)sokasimi in., pI. -asisz = coat, dress, shirt;
nisokasim = my c. etc.
xfstokfsokasim = shirt;
mfkskim (a) sokasim
armor, coat of
mail
naipiszisokasim = robe (textile) v. PISZI;
sikaipiszisokasim = Catholic priest,
Jesuit;
Mahxisokasim (i) = British (soldier or other person); Royal Canadian Mounted Police
ASTA = to put (there) (usually with -IT-): nizitASTAKI, nizitASTAw, nizitASTOhp
ASUYINA
pour v. SUYI
ASZINA (ISZINA) fszinan in. = rations, pI. -nanisz
= to draw rations: nitASZIN' (ASZINAw);
v. TAZIK­
ASZINAKI = to issue rations: nitASZINAKI
ASZINA
Itaihtazikaszinaupi =Wednesday
Itaszinaupi = Saturday;
-ATUYI (-TUYI) = tail; awatuyi-w whitetail deer; aisikotuyi-w mule deer, black-tail v. SIKO: otatuyi = red fox
v. OTAHKUI-; v. AWA; awatuyistamika = buck, awatuyiskini-wa = doe
AUKI = to move camp or home, change residence: nitAUKI
AUKlw
= all, everyone, entirely
AUZI
AWA- (AWAWA-)
== to wag, rock, sway, move to and fro
AWAHKA = to walk about;
nitawAWAHKA
APAWAWAHKA to travel, wander about
awahsini == country;
awawahsin
= food v. UYI
awakasi-w
deer, antelope; awatuyi-w = deer v. ATUYI;
awawatuyix =
movies.
AWAUPI = to swing, rock; awaupi = rocking chair
AWANI = to fly;
nitawAWANI;
AMIAWANI = fly up;
PIAWANI
to fly far
AWAPISTO- = to hand;
- - - -.. . _ _ _ , nitAWAPISTAw, nitAWAPISTOhp;
awapistan = cradle
AWAPIXI = to
wag, swing: nitawAWAPIXI v. APIXI;
awAWATUYAPIXI = to wag the tail
asastam an. flag;
awamatzis = toy;
awana an. = rattle
awatohpiw xahkum = there's an earthquake.
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I
AWHKA ;::: to play, have fun: nitawAWHK';
Awhkas-xahkoi
(at) (as a dog): nitAWHKI, nitAWHKATAw,
AXI-
to bend: nitawAXI-KAKI
fun land; Glacier Park
AWHKI
I bend a leg; nitawAXI-KINISZ-AKI;::: I bend an arm axisit
to bark
dodge it!
AXISAWO- ;::: to visit: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , nitawAXISAWATAw, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , awaxisawo;::: a
visitor, guest .
AYAW
= whoops!
AYIKlNA ;::: to speak, inspire (of a spirit speaking)
my guardian spirit speaks to me.
AZ- = (AUZ-)
ayikfnan ;::: spirit, radio, phonograph
nitayikinaw
to swim, bathe: nitAUZ (AUZIm)
AZA ;::: to lose: nitAZAw, nitAZTOhp;
AZI
to be drunk: nitawAZI
AZI~
when, until.
AZIMholy, sacred
AZIMA;::: to invite:
nitawAZIM' AZIMOIHKA- ;::: to pray,
worship:
nitawAZIMOIHK', nitawAZIMOIHKATAw, nitawAZIMOIHKAHTOMOAw;::: I pray for him!
her;
awazimoihkan (i) ;::: prayer, religion
AZISTO- ;::: to persuade:
, nitaw AZISTOTAw, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ; v.
AZISTOTO-;:::: to cheat: nitAZISTOTOKI, nitAZISTOTOAw,
-TOT­
AzizI an., pI. azizix;::: mitten, glove, owl (which ends its call with this word) nozfzix = my mittens, my gloves
AZOASKO in., pI. azoaskoisz ;::: forest
AZU-
=instead of, change
v. APIXI
AZIPUYI;::: to interpret, translate v. PUYI
AzuAIZIHTA- to change the mind v. MIZIHTA
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AzuAIPIXI-;::: to change, replace
. .____________________________. . . . . . ...-III
~s
$
H
Initial H has the soft aspiration of English H but the common sound in the middle of words is guttural.
HA
= hal
HA.IYU
-HTA-
O! hail! (used especially in prayers) .
to cost: -HZAw an., -HTOhp in. ANAZZAw an.,
ANAzTOhp in. = it costs little, is cheap v.
ANATAKAIHZAw an., AKAIHTOhp in. it costs a lot, is dear v. AKik-omahk-oHZAwan.,
ikomahkoHTOhp in. =it costs too much v. IK-, OMAHKnitsop6xfHZAw an., nitsopox iHTOhp in. =
it costs one dollar v. SOPOKza-anizfHZAw an., za-aniz6HTOhp in. = what does it cost? v. ZA,
APIHTA: nitAPIHTAKI, ,nitAPIHTOhp
MANISTAPIHTA- = to sell, give away v. APO,
-KUMATAHTA- = to borrow, (passive) to lend: nitohKUMATAHTAw an., nitohKUMATAHTOhp in.,
nit6hKUMATAHko-aw = I lend to himlher (passive)
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I
I
IHZI- = to lie, recline, put, be (in a place): nitaiIHZ', nizftaiIHZAw KAIIHZIw == there is room, space. NAMAIHZIw
there is room, space MAHKIZI (MAHK'ZI) to go to bed KITAIHZI =to lie on v. IKIT-; itohKITAIHZlw
helshelit lies on (top of) ISTOHKIZI = to lie, lie down, recline, put: nizISTOHKIZI, nizISTOHKIZAw,
nizISTOhp SPIHZI = to be on high v. SPI- SAIHZI to be outside v. SAW- aiPIIHZI to be far away v. PI­
IK-
= very v. MIK­
IKAK-
= low: IKAKSlw v. an., IKAKIw v. in. Ikakapikoan == Filipino, Japanese IKAKYANI
advise v. ANI
= to speak low,
IKAM- = fast, quick, perhaps, if (eventually), oh, would that... (cf. Spanish-Arabic ojala): IKAMSIw v. an.,
IKAMOw v. in. ikamipuyi == to talk fast ikami-awakimiska = Swiftcurrent p.n.
IKAN- (KANI-) = exactly, on the dot KANIOTO (KA.:NOTO) == to catch (with the hand), to take .exactly:
nitaiKANIOTAKI, nitaiKANIOTOAw, nitaiKANIOZIhp v. MATO
IKI == to whistle, blow (on a wind instrument): nitaiIKI (aiKAZIMAw) ikiazis in. == whistle, flute, wind instrument;
ikaziman = whistle
IKI (KAII-)
to be the matter (with), want, do, care: nizIKI (KAIlw) (ni)mazIKIhp = I don't want anything, etc.
kaifwa (a) = what's the matter (with himlher)? =Ahsa kaiiwa? (This expression may also imply "I don't
care!", as in an old Napi story.)
IKIAKI
=to trap:
IKIHKIHT
.1
nitaiIKIAKI (incorporates objects; see L.) ikiiliazis an. = a trap
=at random, randomly.
IKIKA = to camp, make camp: nizIKlKA ak::fkani = a camp
IKIN- (KIN-) = slow, soft, gentle, easy: IKINISIw = is slow, soft, gentle etc. ikinap- = gentle etc.: nizIKlNAPS
(i) (IKINAPSIw an., IKINAPlw in.) ikinapitapi == helshe is a gentle person.
IKIP-
= funny, joking, falsely, quickly IKIPANI == to joke: nizIKIPANI & nitaiKIPANI, nitaiKIPANISTAw,
_ _~~_ _ , v. ANI kipaniszi in a hurry: nitaiKIPANISZI (aiKIPANISZlw) = to be in a hurry
ik'sap- =funny, comical: IK'SAPSlw v. an., IK'SAPIw v. in.
IKIT-
=grey, gray:
IKIZINAm an., IKIZINAZIw in. =to be gray IKITOZKUINAm an., IKITOZKUINAZIw in.
= to be blue-gray
IKIT- (KIT- & ohKIT-)
straddle v. UPI
on top of, on, over, across, on high kit6hzi
on top of OHKITUPI = to ride(on),
IKIZT- = to devote, dedicate, sacrifice: _ _ _ _ _ _ ,nitaiKIZZIaw, nizfKIZTOhp ikiztaxin in. = a sacrifice;
pI. -xisz
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145
____________________________. ." " ' - ' - '
•
\
I
IKOANI ::: to play (with): nitaiIKOANI, nitaiIKOANIMMAw, _ _ _ _ _ _ , nitailKOANISTOTOAw ::: I
tickle hirnlher v. TOT­
IKUM- ::: round, circular
IM- = right, true, certain
IMANI::: to be or speak right(ly), true(ly): niziMAN', nizlMANI & nitawMANI,
nitawMANISTAw,:
aiMANlw ::: it is true v. ANI
AMANI ::: to be right, speak the
truth
awmanisini in. ::: truth
IMA ::: to ask to marry: _ _ _ _ _ _ , nitaiMAw, _ _ _ _ __
IMAI- (IM-, OM-) ::: still, yet
orphan (even dead; v. INI)
mat-omai, mat-om- ::: not yet
imak-
even, even if;
imaximi-w
IMAT- = almost, nearly, about to, going to cf. OMATO Imazitomita p.m. v. IMITA IMATA ::: to imitate:
_ _ _ _ _ _ , nitaiIMATAw, _ _ _ _ __
nitaiYIMI
imaipizi-w & aiimaipizi-w = a laugher, monkey;
aimapizi-w ::: monkey
nitaiYIMSKOTOAw = I laugh at him/her (incorporating -SKOTO- for
Kataiimix = Never Laughers (a band)
AMSKIAKI
hostility)
AHSIMI == to have a good laugh
= to mock (with teeth and voice): nitaiAMSKIAKI v. -SKI
IMI (YIMI)
IMI-
= to laugh (at), smile (at), mock:
= deep, steep; IMfw &
IMMlw v. an., IMfIm v. in.
imik6
there is deep snow v. KON
IMITAw = dog, beast (-OMITA if there is a prefix) nit6mitam ::: my dog; ot6niitam = hislher dog
imitaiawa
& ot6mitasina col.
imitaikoan = puppy, Little Dog p.n.
Kanaizomita = All Crazy Dogs (a branch of
the All Comrades Society) v. KAn,
MAZAP- (the root IMITA is an apparent reversal of Cree atim or
older root.)
IMOI-
hairy;
IMOIYINAm looks hairy an.;
ANi;
imoioyiw = he has a mustache v. UYI
IM- hair, fur
imoian (i) = a buffalo robe v.
imoi6kinyomita = a lion (African) v. IMITA, -KINI
IN- = down; inis6hzi ::: down; ini6hkui = down, downhill
INISO to go down, descend: nitaiINISO aiIMI
to die, v. INI
INAPIXI
to drop, throw down: nizINAPIXISTAKI, nizINAPIXISTAw,
niziNAPIXIhp
INISI = to fall: niziNISI INAP- = down (stream) v. PINAP­
INA
to seize, take, hold, arrest: niziNAKI, niziNAw, nizINIhp & nitailNIhp
ainaki & fnakikoan soldier,
policeman
suyiinakikoan
sailor, Navy man v. SUYI
Ilnakix pI. = police (of the All
fnakiapioyis fort v. NAPI, MOYIS
INIMA::: to catch
Comrades)
napiinaki-w =white soldier
XIPUYINA == to squeeze
aiinima-w = hawk; stuyfnima-w = winter hawk
INAK- = little, small (in names: KINAK-) INAXZlm v. an. (persons), INAKIMI-w v. an. (animals), INAKOHZI-w
v. in., INAKIXI-w v. in. (trees), INAXIXIm v. an. (trees)
inakimi (papus (i) = baby
inakohzi =
some, a little bit
inaxix pI. ::: Small Robes (a branch of the Piegans);
Inaxikoan & Inaxaki (members
of the Small Robes)
Kinaksisahtai = Milk River v. NIETAHTAI.
ainak- = little by little
INAKASI
= to roll, turn over and over:
nizINAKASI & nitaiINAKASI, nizINAKATAw,
nizlNAKATOhp
aiinakasi-w an. = wheel, wagon;
isziaiinakasi-w
train, locomotive v.
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146
ISZI;
UPI;
INAKI
= to be thirsty:
INAN (in.)
INANi
apikaiinakasi-w = automobile v. KAII;
ihtainakasix an. pI. =buggy v. MOHT­
ihitupi-aiinakasi-w
= bicycle
v. IKIT-,
niziNAK' & nitaiINAKI (often with IK-: nizix-INAK')
= thing, possession; pI. -isz; v. MINANATA
= leg bone, femur,
rainbow
leg-bones
shin, marrow; pI. inaisz
napinan = banana (loan word);
Napiw ozinan (i) =
mohkinan = leg calf;
nohkinan my calf
fnikfnani in. = grease of bones, soup of
INAS- (+ reciprocal sign -ZI-) = peace, to make peace (with): nizINASZ', nizINASZIMMAw,
imlszin = peace,
INAsz'-w = there is peace (mutual).
niziNASZlhpinan
we make peace together (excl.).
INI
=to die:
nitaiINI v. INakaiINlw = he/she is (already) dead.
axfniw xiszikumatosi (kokumikisum) =
there will be an eclipse of the sun (moon).
infstum in. = dead body, corpse;
inita-wa =
victim
INITA to kill: nizINIKI, nizINITAw & nitaiINITAw,
infki-w = a
killer;
imaxini-wa =orphan (almost dead)
Itaiiniki6pi =Friday;
Itaihtazikyeniki6pi =Tuesday
v. TAZIK
inik- = angry v. MINIXI
SAIfNlKI = to kill an outsider
OYINIKI = to murder
INOTA = to butcher, flay
akfniman in.
=grave, tomb; pI. -manisz
INIwa (EINIwa) = buffalo sing. & col.;
iniskim =buffalo stone, fossil, ammonite
calf;
ini6tokis = buffalo hide v. POK, OTOKI
infpoka-w = buffalo
INIPIZI = to be or feel cold, freeze: nizINfPIZI
INO-
= long: INOSIm v. an., INOfw v. in.; ino- = forever, finally, (not) anymore inohxfsi = elephant v.
XISI;
inapino (wa) = candy v. MINI, NAPI
in6hsuyi an. = spoon v. ATUYI;
inaxfnohsuyi
in6istoan = sword, U.S. American v. ISTOAN
Omahxistoaapikoan =
teaspoon, lynx v. INAK
American (white)
INSIMA
to plant: nizINSfM(a)
insiman (i) in. = a plant, seed
insfmapikoan = farmer
(white)
napayeninsiman in. = wheat;
poksfnimo = wild rhubarb;
matuyfnsimani =
oat
ihtaiinsimahpi = a farm, garden
IPI = to enter: nit:iiIPI (aiIPlm)
ipi- (ipist-, ip'st-, sips-, itsips- in. into
(i)pist6hzi = in, inside (adv.,
preposition & postposition) v. ISTIP'STOXKASI = to run into v. KASI
IPISZKAPA = to pull
into v. IXKAPA
IPISZIPI = to bring into v. IPI below.
IP'STAIHZI = to lie or be inside v.
IHZI
IP'STAPIXI =to throw into v. APIXI
IP'STAWANI =to fly into v.AWA
IsiptOmahxikimi
Waterton Lakes
-IPI-
= to bring (often in combination, especially with APO and OTO; forms causative-derivatives):
_ _ _ _ _ _ , nit:iwzIPIAw, nitawzIPOHTOhp AMfpI =to bring up v. AMI
APAMIPI =to bring
across v. APAMAPIPI = to bring or take (a person or thing, escort (incorporates -IT-): _ _ _ _ __
, nizitAPIPIAw, nizitAPIPOTOHP
INIPI = to bring down v. INIPISZIPI = to bring into v. IPI
above
MISTAPI to take away v. MISTPUHSAPIPI to bring here: nit:iiPUHSAPIPIAw &
niziPUHSAPIPIAw, nit:iiPUHSAPIPOTOhp v. POHSPage
147
s
IPISOAHS v. NIPUYI
IS-
= ahead, in front
ISA
=to rub, wipe, erase:
=ahead, in front (of), in future
ISAPIXI
to throw ahead v. APIXI
nitaiISAKI, nitaiISAw, nitaiISlhp (the ai sounds like a.)
IS INA =to erase, rub out,
wipe away, wash, pardon, forgive: nitaiISINAKI, nitaiISINOMOAw, nitaiISINlhp
ISAZINYA
(ISAZINA) = to rub, scrape: nitaiISAZINYAKI etc.
asazfnya (asazffia) = violin (with a sign of
fiddling)
ISISZ- to wash: nitaiISIZTAKI, nitaiISISZIMMAw, nitaiISISZTOhp
aiISISKI6hsi =
to wash the face (refl) v. -SKI
aisfskiohsazis =soap;
ihtaisiskiohsopi in. =towel
ISAlKAWAZI
=to wash the feet v. KA ISZIMI =to wash hands v. MI - ISIHKINI =to wash hair v. KINI ISAZA
= to plane, to do carpentry: nitaiISAZAKI, nitaiISAZAw, nitaiISAZlhp aisazaki-w = a
carpenter;ihtaisazaki6pi an. =a plane (tool).
ISAPOwa
lSI
fsohzi
Isap6aikoan
= a Crow man
ISINAZlw v.
=there is frost.
Crow Indian(s);
= frost; isfmoku
frost;
ISINI = to break: nitaiISINI, nitaiISINAw, nitaiISINlhp
Crowfoot
isfnihp = it's broken (passive).
kettle, bucket: nohk = my k., ohk = hislher k.
ISKa an.
ISKANAPI
ISO
Isap6-0mahxika p.n.
:=
to be risky.
= to feed,
give to eat: nitaiISAKI, nitaiISOAw & niziSOAw,_ _ _ _ __
something to eat! v. KIP­
kfpis6kit
= give me
ISOK- (SOK-) = loud, heavy: ISOKOw v. in.; ISOXIm an. (persons); ISOKIMlw v. an.
(animals)
SOKINAKI = to doctor: nitaiSOKINAKI, nitaiSOKINAw, v. NINIHKI
aisokinaki-w = a
itaisokinaki6pi = hospital (i)sokamisakazis in. := ladder, steps,
doctor;
aisokinakiaki = nurse
SOKANI = to say out loud v. ANI
SOKAHKIAKI = to
stairs
sohxfsimistaw = meadowlark
weigh: nitaiSOKAHKIAKI, nitaiSOKAHKIAw, nitaiSOKAHKIhp
ihtaisokahkiakiopi an. = scales
IST- (ISZI-)
= in. into (the forest etc.), forest v. SZISO
ISTAHKAPI =to crawl in, into, set (of sun) v. KAPI
ISTAMA :::: to show (to): _ _ _ _ _ _ , nitaiISTAMAZAw, _ _ _ _ __
ISTAWASI to grow (of plants, animals, persons): nitaiISTAWASI ISTAWATOMO =to rear, raise
ifstoi- =
whiskers, mustache;
Ifstoifkoan =Omaha Indian
POHKISTOI =to shave
mfstoan in. =beard;
pI. -6aisz; nizistoan my b.
fstahziman an. & in. = antler
ISTOAN an. (loses IS-); pI. istoaix
ISTOHK-
=thin:
=knife; notoan = my k., otoan :; ;:; hislher k. v. INO
ISTOHKSIw v. an., ISTOHKlw v. in.;
istohkaipiszi :::: piece of cloth v. PISZI
ISTOKAO'SI = to be in a quandry.
ISXI-
= to urinate
Page 148
ISXISI
=to stick, pierce, vaccinate, inoculate: nizISXISI, nizIXSAw,
awl
ixisiki = beargrass
xisfis an. = thorn, pI. xisfix;
Iszi
fire, coals, comet, meteor,
aiISZlw = it hurts; ISZIw it hurts, burns, aches
iszfpoko-w it's
bitter;
iszixfpoko-w = salt v. POKO
iszfmazis = a match
isziainakasi = train v.
INAKASI
Omahxiszf-kakat6si = Mars
iszfxfpoko-ohkf = ocean, sea
ISZISTUMI == to be in
ISZITAKI = to be angry: nizISZITAKI;
aiISZIMIMMA = to hate:
pain: nizISZISTUMI v. STO
_ _ _ _ _ _ . nitaiISZIMIMMAw,
; (I) SZIPISA = to whip:
ISZINITA = to cut nizISZfNITAKI,
nitaiSZIPISAw,
iszipisimazis in. =a whip;
mahkiszi-wa & makskizi(?) in. = ashes; pI. makskizisz v. MAHKnizISZfNITAw, nizISZfNlhp v. INl;
Iszi
moxfs an. = awl, pI. moxfx; noxfs = my
xisfsko thornbush v. -SKO
to listen: niuiiISZI
Iszikuyetahtai
iszfkihkini = bald, a bald person;
fast, swift, slick: ISZIKIw v. in.;
SASKATCHEWAN River v.; NIETAHTA
Iszixfka = Swift Foot Society v. KA;
iszikfzikin shoe
v. MAZI;
spiszikfzikin = boot v. SPI-;
ISZIKKUNISZI = to sled, a sled: niziISZIKUNISZI;
ISKAZI = to run a race: nizIKAIISKAZI
ISZIKIKAKI = to slip: nizISZIKIKAKI v. KA;
ISZIK-
= shoulder:
ISZIKA
iszimani in.
mozikfs
= (someone's) shoulder; nozikfs = my shoulder
= parfleche
ISZIPOHTO = to commit ....~ ••
ISZUMOKI
H'-'LJ • _ _ _ _ _ _ _
=to put on or wear a hat
,nizISZIPOHTOAw, __.. . . _ _ __ nitaiISZUMOKI & nizfSZUMOKI
iszumokan = hat, cap; nizumokan
my hat, cap
IT- (IST- in subj. & imp.) = there, here, then, where;
(clause);
anawozit-... -hpi = when (clause);
itap- = toward;
ozit- = where; ozit... -opi where
ozat- = near, close by; ozatohzi = near, close by
ITA- == to cut (often incorporated into verbs referring to a cutting process) v. INI, NAMI etc.
ITAM- (ITAMI-)
= happy, glad:
niziTAMITAKI
I am happy. itamap- = happy, funny;
itamixisziko = fine
weather
IUMOKIXIN
= crooked:
=to touch:
iXISAKO in.
ouzel;
IUMOXIw v.; IUMOXIXIm v. (of wooden things) v. SIXI­
nitaiIXINohsi refl.
I touch myself, skin myself, make the sign of the cross cf. XISKAKI
= meat;
pI. fxisakoisz; nitoxisakom & nizixisakom = my meat;
apozkinawxisak6 beef;
aixiny6saki = bacon v. aiXINI
ixisakum
meat, water
MISTAPIXKAPA = to pull off,
MOKAMOZKAPA = to straighten out v. MOKAM-;
SAIPSKAPA = to
, nitaiSAIPSKAPATAw, nitaiSAIPSKAPATOhp
IXKAPA = to pull: nitliiIXKAP', nitaiIXKAPATAw, nitaiIXKAPATOhp;
away v. MIST-, APIXI;
stretch:
paxikuyi = grizzly bear v. UYI;
= syrup, molasses v. NAPI, MINI
IXPIKA = sticky: IXPlKAw v.
awxpi-aki = bat v. AKI;
axpiapinyan
.6____________________________............-11
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149
-IXT-
in a row v. OXTA
IXT- = slender, skinny, thin: Ixzfw v. ;ixuip=string; pI. ixtapokuisz
IZI
=to be well, healthy, ripe:
IZINAKI
her.
= to sew:
slender: IXTApIw = he/she is a slender person.;
nizfZI (fZIw); IZIw
=it is ripe.
v. MAZI
nit:iiIZINAKI,_ _ _ _ _ _ ,nitaiIZINIhp;
IZINI- (IZIN-) = all, entirely, among; IZINIKA
akaiIZfNIHKAw = it is all gone.
ixtapoko in.
nitaiIZINOMOAw = I sew it for him!
= to use up, to end, to be used up, gone (also IZINIHKA);
= to narrate, report, tell a story, count coup, tell news (to): nitaiIZINIKI, nitaiIZINIKOAw,
. (Cf. Obj. izinika-.);
nitaiIZINIKohsi refl = to read (with an object such as
spixinaxin);
izinikisinaxin = newspaper; nizinikisinaxin my n. v. SINA;
azinfksini & iziniksini
azinikisinaxi (n) =a story book,
(izfnixini) in. story, news, telling a story or news; pI. fksisz (-ixisz);
novel;
ihtaiiziniki6pi in. =telegram, telegraph
IZINIKI
IZITA = to overtake, catch up with: _ _ _ _ __
iziwan
,_ _ _ _ _ _ cf. IZK- below.
a gambling wheel; niziwan = my g. w.; oziwan = his/her g.w.; izfwansin an. = a wheel
IzixISTAP-
= slow:
IzfxISTAPSIw v. an., IzfxISTAPIw v. in.
IZIXisZlw
it is wet, it drizzles.;
rain v.OMATO
IZITAw = it drizzles, rains a little;
omatapIZITAw
= it's starting to
IZK-
= past, beyond v. IT-, SKO & cf. IZITA above.;
IZKA
to fight: nitailZK', nitaiIZKAM(M)Aw, ______________ ;
aizkani & fzkani in. = a
fight;
ailZKAPIZIw he/she is always fighting, is an habitual scrapper v. -AIPIZI;
Nitaizkaix =
Lone Fighters (a band of Piegans and Bloods);
APSKA == to bet (with) nitAPSKA (APSKAw),
nitAPSKATOAw,
v. APO;
apskani in. = a bet
IZKO = to overtake, pass (by): nizfZKO (izIZKOw),
ozizk- = past, beyond:
ozizk-ahsi == better v.
nitOZfZKATAw & nizIZKATAw,
AHS; OZIZKATOw & awZISKATOw = it is (half) past the hour v. OTO;
(ozizk-, izizk-, awzizk- =
more; used to form the comparative of adjectives);
isk6ht = last, behind; e.g. amo' isk6t nat6si = this
last month
IZZ- == rough: IszzfzIw v.;
IZZIw
Izz6yix
Rough Mouths (a branch of the Bloods) v. UYI
=there is, there are, to be, exist, belong (alternate forms Iszfw & aiSZIw); mazIZZlhp (a) there is
none, nothing, zero v. MAT-;
IST6zIw =it belongs.;
IT6ZZI =together with, side by side;
lZ1st­
= side, on each side;
IT6ZZIwa = it fits, matches;
6mahkOZZIwa = it is too big. v.
OMAHK;
inakOZZIwa it is too small. v. INAK-
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150
I
K
-KA (-KAZI)
=foot, feet; mohkcizis in. =(someone's) foot, leg; pI. -z; nohkazis =my foot, leg; ohkazis
hislher
foot, leg;
SIKA to kick: nitaiSIKAKI;
maxikazi = duck v. MAHK-;
Sfxika, Sfxikaw, Sfxikai
Omahxika Russian v. OMAHK;
mohkami
Blackfoot col. v. SIK- Sixikaikoan a Blackfoot man;
= great blue heron;
sfkami-w crane, scout ("long legs");
-okazi = fOQt (as a measure); -S'XKA
to measure v. SIK-;
ESZIKA (aiSZIKA) to be lame: nitESZIKA v. ISZI;
IMOKIKA to
zikazf = grasshopper
skate;
ISKAZI to race v. ISZIK-;
-KA (particle for verbs meaning "to make" etc.)
-KAHP-
=to swell; kahpskfniaw =hislher head is swollen.;
nizfKAHPEKAHK = I have a swollen foot.
KAHT- = to play (games), gamble: nitaiKAHZI;
kahzazis in. = a playing card;
aikahzi-wa = gambler,
p.m.; kahzaipizi-w = gambler v. -AIlZI;
aipixikahziaw = they are playing the stick-game v.
PIXI;
kihkiht- (-ihkiht-) = sporadically, now and then, here and there
KAHTOMI =to go to war;
llikahtomi-wa =a warrior; kahtomfna-w
col. = enemy;
kaht6misini in. == war
-KAI
hard (not soft): IKAlw
war-chief v. NINA;
kahtom6' an.
is hard.
KAI = dried blood; kaiis (kaiyis) in. dried meat, p.m. of a person and of a Piegan "clan";
Kaiyis-isahta
Musselshell River;
Kaina col. =Blood Indians;
Apatohsi-Kaina =North Bloods
-KAII in. = back (of the body), quill; pI. kaifsz;
KAII & KAIYI =gull (2 separate roots?); kaiiskahp = porcupine;
apikaiinakasi = automobile v. INAKASI;
Kaiispa col. = Sioux, Grass '
apikaii = skunk v. NAPI;
Dancers; pI. Klliispaix;
suyikaii = mink;
isikaukaiyi = lark;
ikaiisi-w tree squirrel;
fmahkaii
= swan; xik6mahkaii =white swan
Cf. Virgo kaiaku =gull & Obj. kaikaik == hawk;
misziazikaii &
ikasi = chipmunk;
imahkaii = swan v.
KAK- == just, only; kakat6si-wa an. = star ("just a sun, just a holy one")
KAKI-
== to chop (as wood), to bat, hit (as in baseball): nitaiKAKIAKI, nitaiKAKIAw, nitaiKAKlhp (also
kaxakin an. =ax; pI. kaxakix; nitohkaxilinim =
nizfKAKIAKI etc.);
kakahsin =larb kinnikinnik;
my ax;
inakohkaxakin = hatchet;
iht::iikakiakiopi
ax;
KAHXISTS'STA = to saw:
nitaiKAHXISZTAKI, nitaiKAHXISZIMMAw, nitaiKAHKXISZTOhp
ihtaikahxisztakiopi = a saw v.
STA, SIXTA
KA.KIMA
to persevere, try hard, take courage: nitaiKAKIM' (The root may be IKAKIMA.);
on!; mokakit ki aikakimat! (proverb; see MOKAKD
kak6' = go
KAKIZIMA (KAKIHZIMA) = to decide, command, judge: nitawKAKIZIM', nitawKAKIZIMATAw,
awkakizinaki-w = a judge;
awkakizimani law, command, commandment
KAKOwa = dove, pigeon; pI. kakuix.; Kakufx (a society of the All Comrades that includes war
veterans);
saukyekako mourning dove, pigeon
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151
•
£
KAM-, KAMAN I = to beg (from): nitawKAMANI, nitawKAMANISTAw, nitawKAMANISTOhp v. ANI;
nitawKAMANISTOMOAw = I beg for himlher.
KAMO
to rob, steal (from):
, nitaiKAMOAw, _ _ _ _ _ _ ; KAMOSI: to steal:
nWiiKAMOSI, nitaiKAMOSATAw, nitaiKAMOSATOhp;
kamosi-wa thief, robber; bandit, raccoon;
kamosiepizi-wa: habitual thief v. -AIPIZI
KAMOTA to save:
, nitaiKAMOZAw, _ _ _ _ _ ; nitaiKAMOT(a)
:::: to be safe;
kamotani :::: safety, salvation;
KAMOZIPI = to save, rescue:
nizfKAMOzfpIAw,_ _ _ _ _~
(aiKAMOTAw)
KAN- (KANAI-, KANAW-) = all, every; kanaitapi-w = everybody v. MATAPI;
KANO = to assemble,
gather, convene: nitohKANOhpinan (ihKANOiaw);
Ikanuhkahzi = the All Comrades
Society;
Kanazomita the All Crazy Dogs (a branch of the All Comrades);
ihkamiiihtaihziw = is
KANAWMOAWKO to hold a rodeo, round-up: _ _ _ _ __
omnipresent, is everywhere. v. IHZI;
,nitohKANAWMOAWKOAw, _ _ _ __
KANISPAI :::: Kalispell (the city; a loan word from the name of the tribe)
KAP- bad(ly); kokap-, makap-, pakap- = bad(ly) v. PAHK­
KAPI
to crawl; AISKAPI = to crawl: nitawAISKApI; ISTAHKAPI
to crawl in(to), set (of the
sun):
nitaiISTAHKApI; NITOHXKAPI = to shine;
OTAMISKAPI = to dawn;
SAISKAPI =
to crawl out, rise (of the sun): nitaiSAISKAPI v. SAW-;
AMISKAPI = to crawl up v.
AMI;
amiskapohzi
=
south;
awZISTAPSKAPIw
natosi
=
it
is
afternoon.;
SISAPOXISTAHKAPI = to crawl through v. SISAPOK
kapimani in.
cradle
INIKlHKASI to be belligerent: nizINIKlHKAS v. INI;
STAZKASI
-KASI :::: to be proud (of), act as:;
= to show off: nit<iiSTAZKASI;
APASTAZKASI = to flirt: nitAPASTAZKASI
v.
APO;
ZIIHKASI to be proud (of)
-KASI
= to run v. -KA;
OXKASI (awXKASI) = to run;
otoxkasoaisz = their runs (in
baseball);
MISTAPOXKASI to run away v. MIST-, APO;
SKOXKASI to run back v.
SKO;
AWAKASI = to trot: nitAWAKASI v. AWA;
awakasi-w = deer, antelope; soki-awakasi-w
xiw-awakasi-w =spider; xiw-awakasiw opis = web v. XIKAI, APIS; INAKASI w. v.
antelope v. SOKl;
KAT- = no, never
KATOTO
=to heal, cure:
_ _ _ _ _ , nitohKATOTOAw, nitohKATAIZIhp;
katotaxini = healing, cure
KATOYISa = blood-clot, a perfume, sweetgrass, p.m. of a hero who slays monsters
KAW-, KA.WAIHZlw = is open v. IHZI;
KAWAIPIXI = to open: nWiiKAWAIPIXI (STAKI),
nitaiKAWAIPIXISTAw, nitaiKAWAIPIXIhp v. APIXI;
kaiexi gap, pass, canyon
KAWA: ihkawa-wan.
= tribe, band, clan:
nizfhkawa-w = my t. etc. ozfhkawai = hislher t. etc.
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152
I
KAWAHKO in.
KAXIMI in.
= sage, sagebrush (chewed for heartburn, and its tops were used to make a tea to treat colds
etc.);
KI- (KIT-)
KI =coulee, ravine, ridge v. XAHKUM
Kaximfzitapi-w
Osage (Indian) sing., col.
you: kist6wa = you; pI. xist6wa; xistunan = we (inclusive) v. STO
and, but (often as a prefix ki, ky-); kenye (keiie), kyene = that's all, the end (of a story or speech) v. ANI
KIAWKPIXA =tocheer: _ _ _ _ _ _ ,niziKIAWPIXATAw, _ _ _ __
KIHKINITA = to feel lonesome: nitaiKIHKINITAKI
KIHZIPIMIw v. an. (animals), a pinto pony; Kihzfpimi-tapi s. & col. =
Cheyenne Indians; Kihzipimitapikoan a Cheyenne
Pita-kihzfpi (mi) p.m. v. PITA; Kihzipohkyaiyo
p.n. v. KYAIYO:; Kihzfponista p.n. v. UNIKIS;
6mahxikihzipikokaup in. big striped lodge
KIHZIPI
=spotted, painted, dappled;
KIKA = wait! hold on! pardon me (Cf. Cree kekats & Obj. gega.)
KIMA
= to pity:
, nitaiKIMAw,
kimapfsini = pity, mercy; kimatap- =
poor, pitiful: KIMATApSIw v. an., KIMATApIw v. in.; KIMATOHKOI = to suffer: niziKlMATOHKOI
(aiKIMATOHKOlm); KIMAZISTO to do wrong, sin, trespass, persecute, make poor:
niziKIMAZISTOTAw, _ _ _ _ __
; ihkfmi-w =a married
man;
aiakohkimi-w = bridegroom;
kataw(h)kimf-w = bachelor;
nitohkiman
my wife;
otohkiman = his wife nitokawhkfman =my first wife; okawhkfman =his first wife; nitomatohkfman =my
second wife; omatohkiman = his second wife v. MAT-; isohkfman = second or youngest
wife;
nit6tohkiman
my daughter-in-law, sister-in-law; ot6tohkfman = his daughter-or
sister-in-law;
imaikimok = adulterer; pI. -mokrux;
Ak6hkfrni = Morrnon(s), Cardston (Alberta) v.
AK;
nfpohkfmi = widower (nip- may be archaic for "dead".);
nizit-ATOAPOHKlMATAw = then I
marry her sacramentally. v. NATO-, -IT­
KiMI = to marry or have a wife: nitohKlMI (ihKlMIw), nitohKIMATAw,
KIMI-
=earth:
ihkfrniko = earth, dirt, ground; xikihkfrniko = white earth v. XIK-;
otahkfrni gold, brass v.
OTAHKUI;
Aiixkfmiko in. = Cypress Hills;
askiman an. =steel; pI. askimanix; ihtaskimaupi an.
steel;
PAHKIMINA to plough v. PAHK-;
SKIM = rock; mikskim = metal, iron v. MIK-;
mfkskirniohk6s an. =metal cup etc.;
iniskim =a buffalo-stone (a fossil);
mahxikskim = copper v.
MAHK-;
sikskim an. =black rock v. SIK-;
mikskimohk an. kettle v. ISK;
nuKskirniohsiszini
an. horseshoe v. SISZIN;
nuKskimiazepiskan in. = wire fence v. IZZ-,
PISKA; rnikskfmonokarnita
= locomotive v. PONOKA, IMITA; mfkskim-as6kasim
armor, coat of mail v.
ASO;
rniksirniohtrusinakiopi = a pen v. SINA;
mistakskim an. = a piece of cut rock v. MISTAKI
ihTOKIMIw = it is full (of streams). cf. OHKl;
xistok6rni =
warm water v. XISTO; st6kimi in. = cold water v. STUYI;
inaxkirni in. = a small quantity of water v.
INAK;
omahxikimi
lake, inakomahxikimi = pond; pI. -kimisz; omahkawmahxikimi = big
aisixikirni =coffee v. SIK-; apuyinazi-sixikimi chocolate, cocoa
lake;
sipoazikimi =clear water;
v. APUYI;
itaisixikimsimawpi in. = coffee pot;
nitaiSIXIKIMSIMA = I make
coffee.;
aisui6poxikimi in. = tea v. SUIOPOK; nitaiKIMSIMA = I make tea.;
SAIKIMISKA = to
leak v. SAW-
-KIMI (-KOMI) in. water, liquid, fluid;
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t
153
a
-KIN- ohkini in. = bone, necklace; pI. ohkiisz; nohkfn = my b.; ohkin = hislher b.;
mawkaiis (-awkai) in. =
breast; nomawkaiis =my breast
-kinaki =leg; -kinisz (i) =arm, hand; okfnisz, mohkfniszis in. =elbow,
mohkfnisaikina = (someone's) hip;
6hkokin =
Bow River, Calgary;
apszizikini = bare-footed;
back v. OKAK-;
mohkokfni (-okini) in. =neck; pI. -kokfsz; nohkokfni = my neck; Sahk6kinix =Short
mohkinan an. calf of the leg v. INAN;
mohkfkin (-okini) in. =
Necks (a Piegan band) v. SAHK-;
breast, chest; nokfkin = my b.;
manawkin & man6kin = a young wolf (new breast; v. MANI),
nitawMOKINISzAKI = I close my
p.m.;
nitaiSAWSIKINISzAKI = I stretch my arm. v. SAI-;
hand. v.OMO;
nitaiZIKINISZlohsi refl = I clap my hands.;
samikin = collar bone;
-kinist =
harness v. -KINIST
KINAK- = little, small v. INAK­
KIN! an. = rose, roseberry, tomato; pI. kinfsz;
kinyapisziskizi = rose
v. APISZISKIZI
-KINI (ihkini) an. = head, hair, hom, top; nizkfnaw = my h.; ozkfnaw = hislher h.; mozkfnaw =someone's head,
horn;
apozkfna-w = cow (domestic), bull v. NAPI; nitapozkinam = my cow,
bull;
apozkina-sahkumapi-w = cowboy v. SAHK-;
apozkinawhpomis in. = butter v.
POMIS;
otapozkinaiisina an. col. = cattle;
Ikoz6zkina = Red Horn p.m. v.
MAHK-;
imahkihkfna-w = sheep, goat, bighorn v. OMAHK-; mistaxomahkihkfna-w = bighorn v.
MISTAKI; ap6mahkihkfni = mountain goat, "ibex";
imahkihkfnaw apikoan & imahkihkfnaw awaiztaw
= shepherd v. AIAZTA;
omaifkini-w = lion;
natoapihkin =a religious medal;
xixihkini (pitaw)
= bald eagle v. XIK-;
aiZIMIHKINIKIAw = hislher hair is mussed up;
-ohkinai = top-knot:
MAKIHKINI = to comb:
nitohkinai = my t-k., otohkinai = his/her t-k. -kimar i = top-knot;
MAKOHKINI to steer
nitaiAKIHKINI;
makihkiniohsazis refl. in. = a comb;
(K)AKOHKINIST = to put on a harness;
-KINIST = harness; kinistazis in. = harness;
nitai(K)AKOHKINIST;
SAKOHKINA = to take off the harness: nitaiSAKOHKINA &
nitaiSAKOHKlM (aiSAKOHKIMAw)
-KIP-
= quickly, soon, fast, accidentally; KIPANISTO
ANI;
kipanfszi
to be in a hurry: nitaiKIPANISZI v.
= in a hurry; ikip- v. IKIP
KIPO (KIPPO)
ten; kipi an., kipoi in.; kfpipo (kipippo)
cents V. ANAUK-;
kipoikfpipo = one thousand;
one hundred;
kfpanauxi an.
Kfpa = Kipp p.m.
dime, ten
KISTAP(to be) ready, finished: nitaiKISTAPS & nikaiKISTAPS (the latter form is in the past
tense.);
kfstapsi = a ghost; KIST- (XIST-) (a past "tense") sign);
XISZI = to be ready,
completed finished: nitaiXISZI,
, nitaiXISZISTOZIhp V. TOT­
::0
KISUM = moon, sun ("sun" is an old meaning, now largely replaced by the use of natosi);
moon v. KOKO
kokumikisum =
KITA = to bake, cook: nitaihKIT', .
, nitaihKITATOhp;
nitaihKITOAw = I cook for
aimisziskitan (i) = fried bread ("grease
himlher;
kftani in. loaf of bread, cooking; pl. -anisz;
bread"); pisazkftan(i) cake V. PIsAT-;
sit6zkftan(i) = pie v. SfTOK-;
istohkihkitan(i)
itaihkftawpi in. = bread pan, oven;
ihkunamaihkftan(i) = Bannock bread
pancake v. ISTOHK-;
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154
KITOKI = prairie chicken ("tough skin" v. OTOKI);
6mahxikftoki-w = turkey v. OMAHK­
=dry: ihK'SUYUw v. an., ihKIZlw v. in.;
KIZI-
dry from staring);
-KIZI-
akitkazapinsuyi tourist (winks as if eyes were
Amlwozftawapipizkohpi in. = October (when leaves dry up)
finger, toe, claw: moklzis an. (someone's) finger; pI. mokizix;
thumb;
inakokizis = little finger
kizistamiko-kaza
omahkokfzis =
=raccoon.
-KIZIKA = seven: ihKIZIKAM(i) an., ihKIZIKAII in. (Inanimate also means "7 times".); fhkizfka
seven
(for counting numerals);
Ihkizfkamix the Big Dipper, Ursa Major =
Ihkizfkum;
ihkizfkfk6puto seventeen;
ihkizfkipo =seventy;
ihkizfkfkfpipo =seven
hundred;
mitokyohkizikai = twice seven v. NATOK-;
ni6xkawhkizikai thrice seven v.
NIUOXKA
KIZIMA
= to encouragc, persuade:
, nitaiKIZIMAw, INAKIZIMA
KIZIMI-
-KO-
=to blizzard; aiawhKIZIMIw = there's a blizzard blowing.
=in. door, gate, tipi flap;
KIZIMI
preserve mokizim
gate;
=step relation: nit6hkotunna
my step-daughter; nit6hkohkoa =my step-son; nit6hkoxista
step-mother; nit6hkun'na = my step-father;
= to use, profit by: nitohKOAIMI, nftohKOAIMAw, nftohKOAIZIhp;
KOAI-
koapi in.
-KOAN
my
KoAp- = useful;
a useful thing
=person, man individual (a particularizing suffix);
KOANI = to play (with): nitaiKOANI, nitaiKOANIMAw, _ _ _ _ __
nitaiKOANISTOTOAw
= I tickle him/her v. TOT;
KOIHZIMA
KOKI in.
= to praise: _ _ _ _ __
, nit6hKOIHZIMAw, _ _ _ _ __
=comer; kxixiw in. =comer; pI. k6xixisz;
kokskf' = antelope v. -SKI;
niu6xkaikokiw =
it is three-cornered. v. NIUOXKA
KOKO = cocoa, chocolate (loan word: < Engl. <Spanish cacao <Nahuatl cacauatl <Maya)
aiKOKOw = it is night; kokusi =at night subj.;
kokuyi == last
night; mazfkokoi the next night v. MAT-;
kokumikfsum an. = moon; kokoistatosi-w = moon
v. NATO;
axikoko-wa & akozikoko-wa & axfniw kokoistatosi-wa there will be an eclipse.
(The first two expressions do not specify moon or sun, but the last one specifies the moon.);
6mahkaiikokuyi = all night;
Page 155
KOKOwa in.
t
=night; pI. kokofsz;
_
I
KOKUTOw & aiKOKUTOw ::: it freezes;
kakuit6;
Sak6kutuyistaki-awahsini
kokt6' (kokut6i) ::: ice;
glacier =
=the Land of Shining Mountains v. AWA, MISTAKI;
KOMAp- ::: dreadful; komapi ::: a dreadful thing; komapsix an. pI.; komapisz in pl.
KOMI- ::: to sound, yell, bellow: nitawhKOMI;
6hkomi ::: a domestic hen,
chicken;
aisaiyawhkomi =a domestic bull v. SAIYI;
ikaiisawhkomiw::: Squirrel Yells p.n.
-KOMI
=fish
KOMOZI-
cf. -KIMI;
sasakomi-w = trout; xixki6mi-w = whitefish v. XIK-;
honest, sincere; komzitapi
=an honest man
v. MATAPI
KONi an. = snow; k6nsko & kony6sko (kon6sko)::: snowdrift, snow on the ground v. -SKO (cf. Cree kona &
Obj. kon.);
iixmiko & imik6aie::: the snow is very deep.
KONI
=to put on (as on the ground): nitohKONI,
_ _~_, nitohKONIhp
KONITA ::: to be sorry, contrite, to repent, regret, grieve, mourn: nit6hKONfTAKI;
KONO ::: to find, discover: nitohK6NIMA, nitohK6NOAw, nftohKONlhp;
find for himlher
nitohK6NOMOAw ::: I
KOPU ::: to fear, be afraid: nitaiKOP' (aiKOPUm);
KOPUINA::: to be jealous (of) (as between man and
wife): nitohKOPlJINAI, (KOPUINAIw), nitohKOPUINAWATAw,
-KOPUTO ::: (a suffix to indicate teens and numerals in higher decades); k6puzi an., k6putoi in.
nizik6puto::: 11; nizik6puzi an., nizik6putoi
(-k6putoyi);
kopuzxisi (little nose) ::: kinglet etc.;
in.;
6mohzizikoputohpi::: 11 th;
nazikoputo = 12; nazik6puzi an., nazik6putoi in.;
6mohziszikoputohpi::: 12th;
nik6puto::: 13; nik6puzi an., nik6putoi in.; 6mohzikoputohpi =
13th;
nisikoputo::: 14; nisikopuzi an., nisikoputoi in.; 6mohzisikoputohpi ::: 14th.;
nisizikoputo
=15; nisizk6puzi an., nisizikoputoi in.; 6mohzisizikoputohpi::: 15th; naikoputo::: 16; naikopuzi an.,
ihkizfkikoputo::: 17; ihkizfkikopuzi an., ihkizfkikoputoi
naikoputoi in.; 6mohtaikoputohpi ::: 16th;
in.; 6mohtawkizikfkoputohpi::: 17th;
nanisikoputo::: 18; nanisikopuzi an., ll<inisikoputoi in.;
6mohtawanisikoputohpe::: 18th;
pihxikoputo::: 19; pihxikopuzi an., pihxikoputoi in.;
6mohzipihxikoputohpi ::: 19th
KOSa & KOSi ::: wooden cup, tin plate an.; earthen dish, pottery in.;
::: frying pan v. SIK-;
ixip6hkos an. ::: a can;
awhkos(i) ::: dish;
sikohk6s an.
KOTA ::: to give: nftohK6TAKI, nftohKOTAw, nftohKOZIhp;
ihk6tapi in. ::: gift; pI. ihk6zpisz;
::: give me!;
MATSKOHKOTA::: to give back v. MAT-, SKO;
kiputa-kokit::: give me
something to drink!
-KOTOK- ::: flat?: K6tokspi::: Flathead Indian(s) v. SPI;
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156
kokit
-KOYI = calf, colt, pup cf. MAHKUYI; saiaiKOYlw = she has (had) pups.
KuAp- = smart, active: KuApSlw v. an.
KUINIMA-
=a pipe (for smoking): ohkuinimani in. = a pipe;
miszi-ahkuiinimani in.
= pipe stem;
nitahkuiinimani = my pipe;
nitlihkuiinimaniai nftohTOIETOhp I fill(ed) my pipe.
KUKI = to be angry (with), sad, sorry: niziKUKITAKI, niziKUKIMMAw, ~. _ _ _ _ _ _ ; (also
nitaiKUKITAKI. etc.), aixkaiKUKSlw
=is very sorry.
KUMA = to drive: nitohKUMATAKI, nftohKUMATAw, nitohKUMATOhp
KUMA
= to shoot (at): nftahKUMI, nitahKUMATAw, nitahKUMATOhp
-KUMAT- = to forbid; -KUMATAHT- = to borrow; (passive) to lend: _ _ _ _ __
nitohKUMATAHTAw, nitohKUMATAHTOhp;
-ohKUMATAHko (passive) = to lend;
nitahKUMATAHkoaw = I lend to himlher v. IHTA;
KUMONUI-
=blue, dark blue, green: KUMONUINAm v. an.; KUMONUINAZIw v. in.;
Kumonuitapi
=Nez Perces; Kumonuitapfkoan =a Nez Perce (man); nitahKUMONUITAPAIPUYI =I speak Nez
Perce. v. PUYI;
KUPI
soup, coffee (a loan word in the latter meaning Engl. Arabic); ak6pis in.
make soup: nitawKOPSK' v. KA;
KUTENAI col.
=Kootenai(s); Kutemii-omahxikimi = Waterton Lakes;
soup;
KOPSKA= to
nitahKUTENAIAIPUYI = I
speak Kootenai. v. PUYI;
KUZKI-
=bright: KUZKIANISTO =to brighten: _ _ _ _ __
nitaiKUZKIANISTOZlhp v. ANI;
KyAIYOwa (-KYAI-)
=a bear; kyaiyo & kyaiyoh6! interjection (reversing taboo?);
kyaiyosko col.;
ozimiohkyaiyo-wa =brown bear;
ap6hkyruyo &
sfkohkyaiyo-wa = black bear;
nitapohkyaiyo-wa = grizzly bear;
kyaiyopoka-w = bear cub;
papawhkyaiyo-wa = bear in a
dream;
Kyaiyesisahtai =Marias River;
maniskohkyaiyo-wa = a young
nltohKYAIYAIKIAKI = I trap bear(s). v.IKIA;
bear;
(ih)kyaiyekokaup =bear painted lodge;
KYI
= (common exclamation)
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157
~t____________- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " " · " "
M
MAHK- (MIK-, MEK-, MAHX-) =red; (m)ikakpip- =reddish cf. Cree mik-;
Mikuzf- & Ikuzi­
= red (often used in personal names): e.g. Mikuzipitan, Ikuzipita, Mahxipita = Red Eagle p.m. v.
PITA;
Ikuzikakatosi = Red Star, Mars?;
amahk- red;
amahkisani =red
mikotaikim(i) an. = gold v. KIMI;
mikyoyokan =
paint;
mahxikskim =copper;
western tanager;
mahxikimi =blood v. -KIMI;
mikanikisuyi = a
MAHXINAto be red, to
woodpecker;
Mahkaisto = Red Crow p.m. v. MAISTO;
look red: MAHXINAm an., MAHXINAZIw in.;
mahkimi = red beast (e.g. cow,
Mikozietahtai = Red River v.
pig);
ma(h)kaiipi = the "medicine hat" blizzard;
NIETAHTA;
MAHKIZI (MAHK'ZI) = to go to bed: nitaiAHKIZI (MAHKIZIw);
MAHKUYlwa =wolf v. -KUYI-;
Mahkuyi-ohsoko' in. =Milky Way, galaxy v.
OHSOKO;
Mahkuyi-aipuwahsin = Rising Wolf p.m. v. NIPUYI;
otokuyisina a
pack of wolves (Though popular etymology translates MAHKUYI as "red mouth" etc., cf.
Cree mahikan and tribal name Mohigan.);
MAIIPI (-IPI-) = to bind, tie: nitawAIIPI,
, nihiwAIIPIhp;
ipsazis in. =
belt, sash;
Aiihkinipsi = Arab (binds his hair; v. KINI);
Napiw ixzipimai = rain
Napiw ixzipfman =rainbow;
-KIPISTA- = to hitch, hook up (as a
(Napi ties it);
; itohkipistahpix =
team of horses): nitohKIPISTA,
team (of horses);
-ISXIPISTA- = to tie: nitaiISXIPISTAKI, nitaiISXIPISTAw,
nitaiISXIPIhp
MAISTOwa
crow, raven;
Mekiaisto = Red Crow p.m. v. MAHK-;
Crows nest Mountain v. MISTAKI;
Maistowfs-istaki
MAlTA
to believe: nitawMAITAKI, nitawMAITOAw, nitawMAIZIhp;
belief, faith;
awmaitakisini in. =
MAKA =dwarf
MAKAp- (MAK-)
bad, badly, dirty, filthy, scarce; nitOKAps (MAKApSIw an., MAKApIw in.)
= to be bad;
makski = ugly v. -SKI;
MAKSKIw = is ugly;
makaipfi MAXINA
(MOXINA) == to be mean, bad, angry, ugly: nitAXINA (MOXINAm & awXINAw) v.
MOXINA, INI, MINIXI;
MAKIHZA
= to bury, dispose of the dead: _ _ _ _ _ _ , nitaiAKIHZAw, _
. _ _ _ __
MAKITA = to pack, load, saddle: nitAKITAKI, (MAKITAKIw), nitAKIZAw (MAKIZIw),
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158
I
nitAKITOhp (MAKITOm);
saddle;
fitan in.
= saddle; nizfitan =my saddle; kikokiitan =old style
MAMIwa =fish; nitomfm =my fish; xikskiomiw =whitefish;
kingfisher;
mamiazikimi-wa magpie v. KIMI; MAMIN an.
mamiefnima =
= wing, feather; pI. mamfnix; omfn =his w., f.; xikomfn =white feather;
manikapi = young man (not yet
MANI- = new, recent, young: MANISIw v. an., MANlw v. in.;
married) v. NAPI;
manitapi = young people or person v. MATAPI;
mamiwkin := young wolf,
New Breast p.m. v. -KIN-; Manyan New Robe p.m. v. -ANI;
MANOTO = to come recently v.
OTO: nitANOTO (MANOT6w);
MANISK- (-ANISK-) = young;
MANAKAI = to grow
up; manakaitapi = young adult(s);
MANAKAISTOASI = to grow up v. ISTAW, ASI;
MANIST- (ANIST-) =how, every, according to;
manistap- = such, like, what? of what kind?
(MANIST- functions as a specifier).;
ANISTAPto be like, turn into: ANISTApSIw an.,
ANISTApIw in.;
za-anistapi what is it? what do you want?;
za-kanistapaupihpa = how are
you? v. UPI, ZA;
. MANISTO = has gone for good, gone west: nitaiSTANIS6 & nizISTANIS6;
MANISZI in. = travois: nuniszf =my travois; imitai-uniszf
lodge-pole: nimanistami & nomanistami = my I. p.; ISTANI-
dog travois v. IMITA;
= out of sight
manistami an.
=
MAOKI = monkey (loan word).
MASI & MASI = pomme blanche, root, turnip;
MAT-
Natoas = holy turnip (used in the Sun Dance);
=no, not;
matAMihpa = not I! (ni- omitted) v. AMI;
mazitapfsko' =no body
(home);
matok6hzi =never; matakaiim =not enough v. AK-;
matatno more, not again v.
MAT- below;
mazino- = never, not for a long time v. INO;
MAT- (MAZI-) = again, also, another, next;
mat6hkizi =differently v. NOHKIZI;
mat6hzi =
afterwards; taka mazzik' = who's next?; nimazzik =I'm next; kimazzika =are you
next?;
matapinakoi = next morning; mazk6koi = next night; mazixfszikoi next day;
matuni
=yesterday; mazfnaw =another man; matszika, matsziki =some, other, also v.
SZIKI;
mazipuawhsini in. = Resurrection v. NIPUYI;
mat6xkam an., mat6xkaw in. = other
one;
MATAPIw (-ITAPI) x. & col. =person, people; 6tapfsina col. = people;
mazitapisko = no body, there
is no one (present, at home) v. MAT-, SKO;
niNIZITApi (NIZITApIw) to be alone v.
NI;
nizitapi-w a lone person;
nizitapimix = my kin, my family;
Mokitapi =Hopi
Indians «Hopi moki);
sikaitapi = a black bear v. SIK-;
itapfsko = there are persons around
(present, at home);
mozitapisini = someone's life(time); nizitapfsini my
life(time);
itapiwahsini in. = manners, behavior, life-style;
mazitapiwasiw helshe revived,
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I
•
returned to life, was resurrected;
-PAITAPINisoiuipi = Priest Butte, Choteau;
alive: nitohPAITAPI & nitAITApI;
nfmohzistapitapiihpinanix = our ancestors v.
MOHT;
akaitapisko city, town;
to live, be
= to take, get: nitOTAKI & nitawTAKI (MATAKIw), nitOTOAw (MATOlw),
MATO
mazit and rna' = take it! here!; mat6s
nitOZlhp;
nitOTOMOAw (MATMOlw) = to take from;
= take him! get him!; matzf! = go get it!; miszi-otokit = go get me some wood! v.
MISZIS;
IKOTO = to choose:
, ni(toh)zIKOTOAw,
nfzIKOZlhp;
-KANYOTO (KANOTO) = to catch (with the hand): _ _ _ _ __
nitaiKANYOTOAw, nitaiKANYOZIhp;
-PANYOTO- (PANOTO-) = to tear;
MATOM- (ITOM-) = first, before, in front;
MATOMO = to go first, lead: niziTOMO (iTOMOw &
MATOMOw) cf. Obj. nitam;
itomo-wa = leader;
mat6mipoka-w = first-born
child;
mat6mohzi first;
MATUIMA == to blame, accuse: nitAWTUIMAKI, nitAWTUIMOAw & nitA WTUIMAw), _ _ _ _ __
MATUYIS in. == grass (cut), hay;
Matuyisaiyf-wa
Chippewa;
matuihko = grass (growing)
MAUK
why?; mauk aniw?
why did he say.... ?;
=Chippewa(s), Ojibwa(s); Matuyfsaiyaikoan =a
nimauksawanisz? = why didn't I do it so?;
MAUPI == see AMAUPI.
MAXISKUM = spring (of water); nitoxfskum = my spring;
MAXKIZlwa
ashes;
MAzAP- (AZAP-, MAZ-, AZ-) = crazy: nitawAZAPSi (awAZAPSlw & MAZAPSlw) = to be
awAZAPSKi\SI & MAZAPSKASI = to act crazy;
awAZAPSISTOTOhsi &
crazy;
MAzAPSISTOTOhsi reft. to make a fool of one's self v. TOT; awANAUKAZAPSI = to be half crazy
v. ANAUK-;
mazaki & mazapaki == prostitute v. AKI;
MAZI == to be brave: nitAZI (MAZlw);
mazi-w a brave; Mazix (branch of the All
Comrades);
maziski == wild, reckless v. SKI (may derive from MAZAP above);
MAZI (IZI-)
good-loo1s.ing, handsome, fine, beautiful;
maziwap- & mazowaphandsome,
beautiful, fine: MAZOWAPSlw v. an., MAZOWAPlw v.in.;
maziugood-looking, good to look
at; MAZlfNAm v. an., MAZlfNAZlw v. in.;
maz6anikapi = fine young man v.
MANI;
mazifsaipi =loon (fine charger);
kaizfu- =excellent;
kaizfuaki == an excellent
woman;
-mazOllpi in. finery;
Mazefs (a) =Baptiste «French, but reinterpreted as "finel
leggings");
mazifki-w == meadow lark v. IKI;
MAZI- (IZI-)
sweet;
= sweet (to taste) v.IZI;
mazip6ko-w == it's sweet; ikfzip6k6-w = it's very
mazufsim'sin sweet drink
ikfziimo-w = it smells very sweet v. IK, AMA;
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160
v.
SIMI;
mazufxkapayeni = cookie
t., uzini = his t.;
v. MIK, NAPAYENI;
mazinf in. = tongue: nazinf
my
MAZi an.; pI. mazix = leggings, trousers: nazix = my 1., t.;
mazikfn & mozikin in. = (someone's)
moccasin; pI. -kisz; nazikin my m. Cf. Obj.
Cree maskisin.; nizizikin = moccasin v.
NI- real, Indian;
spikizikin =bootes) v. SPIK-;
apszizikini =barefooted;
ISZfSTAKAKI to put on moccasins;
iszikfzikin = shoe v. ISZIK-; spiszikfzikin boot v.
SPI;
MAZIsi (IZISI-)
= to suppurate, have or emit pus;
MAzIKAIAI an.
=a scraper; nimazikaiai = my s.; omazikaiai =hislher s.;
MI- (-MI)
MIHKA
hand;
= to fish:
IszfMI
= to wash the hands
nitawMIHK'
amihkazis an.
mazisw in. = matter, pus;
v. ISA: nizISZfMI & nitiiISZIMI;
fishhook, fishpole, tackle: nitomihkazis = my fishhook etc.
MIK- (MI-) = hard, strong: MIOKASlw v. an., MlIw v. in.; ik- very;
(M)fYIKOw = it is hard, difficult,
strong, necessary;
miskapstrong;
miikitapi
a brave v. MATAPI (may be used as noun or
adj.);
mifkSOPU
it's blowing hard.
v. SOPU;
mfkskim an. = metal, iron v.
-KIMI;
mfkskim-asokasim = armor (coat of) v. ASO-;
mfkskimonokawmita = locomotive v.
PONOKA;
mfkskimiohtaisinakiopi = pen v. SINA;
mi-omahka-w = hard runner (of a horse) v.
OMAHKA;
miomita-w
strong horse;
mG = strong, hard, tough, fast;
misini in. =
strength;
MINIPIZI = to be able to endure much cold v. INIPIZI;
MIINA = to hold fast v.
INA;
miopis = rawhide, lariat;
MIKSK- = stiff, hard: nizIKSKISI (MfKSKISIw)
v.;
MISAIAlwa =Michel, Michael «French, reinterpreted as "Hard Goose"; v. SAIYA);
Maiki =
Micky;
miap
; miapaki = careful woman;
miziw is tight
MINANATA = to have, own: nizINAN (i) & nitaiINAN (i), nizINANATAw & nitaiINANATAw (MINANAZIw),
nizINANATOhp (MINANATOm);
mini- = rich; minfpoka-w = child of plenty v. POK-;
imln in. =
thing, possession; pI.
nizinan = my t., ozimln = hislher t., nizinannan = our tho etc.;
minok- =
happy; see below
MINAZIw == it is clear (of the air)
MINiwa
= island, continent, (North) America (Cf. Cree ministik);
MiNIw (MI+NI) in. berry, fruit; pI. mfnisz (Cf. Obj. min. VA min. Del. min & c.);
omaxllli prune, raisin
OMAHK-; sikomahxfni =prune; inaxfni == raisin;
miniauhsini in. berry soup V. AOHSIN;
miniohki
= wine V. OHKI; miniokilin = berry pemmican V. MOKAKIN;
napfnyuan (napffiuan) in. = sugar (v.
NAPI; inapinyan = candy V. INO-);
axpiapinyuan = syrup, molasses;
sikiminfyuan = king bird v.
SIK- (stingy with his berries);
minapi = berries
MINIXI = to be angry, mean,jealous (of): nitiiiINIXI (MINIXIw & aiINiXIw) nitmINIXKOTOAw, _ _- - ­
nittiiINIXISTOTAw = I punish himlher.
MINOK- (-INOK-) = happy: MINOKApSIw V. an., MINOKAPIw v. in. (The inanimate can mean "it's a happy
time, there is plenty".);
INOKIMI = to be happy
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.±~------------------------------.......-.III
•
MINSTAnZlw ;:: it is smooth, tidy; minstawap- = tidy
MISAM - == ancient; Misam-ohkosko
MISIN-
striped; misinski
Logan Pass
badger v. -SKI
MISK- == instead, however, in spite of
MIST- (MISTAP-, -IST-) == away, apart: nitaiISTAPO (aiISTAPOw & MISTAPOw) == to go
== take it away!
away;
MISTAPUT- == to take away v. APO, IPI; mfstaputot!
mistapohzi == farther away, beyond;
MISTAPIXKAPA
imp.;
MISTAPOMAHKA == to run away;
== to pull away, pull off IXKAPA;
MIST(AP)APIXI == to throwaway v. APIXI;
MISTAPOXKASI
;:: to run away v. KASI;
MISTAPWANI == to flyaway v. AWA;
MISTAPIPOTA == to flyaway v.
PUTA
MISTAKI in.
== mountain, range; spisuiki ;:: peak, high mountain v. SPI-; mistak ;:: it is a
mountain.;
Mistakisz-Xahkoi == Montana v. XAHKUM;
mistakapikoan == ranger (white);
mistaxopos ;:: mountain lion v.
mistakomahkihkina ;:: mountain sheep v. OMAHK-, KINI;
PUSi;
mistakskim ;:: a cut piece of rock v. -SKIM;
AKl an. == a pile of rocks
MISZIS (MISZISUM, -ISZI-) == an. tree, log; in stick; pI. in. firewood (cf. Cree mistik) pI. an. miszix, pI. in.
miszisz; niziszim;:: my wood or stick;
miszisko (-koi) in. == timber, forest, woods v. -SKO;
im6iiszis
sixi- == tree v.
an. ;:: fir; misa- ;:: wood: nomfsaw;:: my wood, omfsaii == his/her wood;
SIXI;
miszis6hkotok == petrified wood;
misziasekawa == mountain squirrel;
misziazibiii :::
chipmunk;
misz6yis in. ::: log cabin;
misz6hkos an. ::: wooden cup
MIZIHTA ::: to think, endure: nitaiIZIHT (A) (aiIZIHTAw & MIZIHTAw);
AzuAIZIHTA;:: to change the
SINATAPIZIHTA == to be troubled v. SINATAP-;
azmtani in. == though, mind, will;
mind v. AZU-;
pI. -anisz: mozizfhtani == someone's will, nizizihtani my thought, ozizmtani ;:: his/her thought,
will;
AKOMIZIHTA ;:: to influence
MOA ;:: to wound (by a shot), shoot: _ _ _ _ _ , nitOAw (MOIw), _ _ _ __
MOHSOKO (MOHSOKOI) in. == road, trail, track: nohsok6i == my road etc.;
nitOHSOKOI == I make
tracks.;
Apatohs-Ohsokoi == the Old North Trail;
Pitawmahkan Ohsokoi == Marias
Pass.;
Spohz-ohsokoi & Mahkuyi-ohsokoi ::: Milky Way, galaxy
MOHT- (-OHT-, -IHT-) == by, from, for, with, along, on account of; equal(s) (in arithmetic equations), why?
(withAHSA);
itumohzi::: together (with), etc.;
MOHTO == to go with, come from etc.: nfMOHTO
& nftOHTO (MORrOw, IRTOw & awRTOw); iht6tow == he/she comes from v. OTO;
ihzap6w == he/
moht-...-pi == with what etc.; iht-.... -pi (instrumental affixes)
she walks along v. APO;
MOKAKI == to be wise, wise: nitOKAKI (MOKAKIw);
mokakiapi == a wise man v. NAPI; mokakiap­
OKAKI- (awKAKI-)::: to be shy.
(makakiap-): MOKAKIAPSIw v. an.; MOKAKIANI warn v. ANI;
MOKAKIN in.
= pemmican; mini6kakin::: berry pemmican
MOKAM-
== straight, true;
mokamot- == straight;
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162
mokamipohzi
=
perpendicularly,
vertically;
MOKAMOTO = to go straight; niziKAMOTO (MOKAMOTOw) v.
OTO;
MOKAMOTANI = to speak the truth v. ANI;
MOKAMOZKAPA = to straighten, pull
straight:
nitawKAMOZKAP', nitawKAMOZKAPATAw, nitawKAMOZKAPATOhp v.
IXKAPA;
MOKAMOZZIw = it is straight v. IHZI;
MOKAMOTSAPI = to see straight v.
SAPI;
ihtokamotsapiopi == telescope;
mokamotaptrue: MOKAMOTApSIw v. an.,
MOKAMOTApIw v. in.
MOKO in.
=autumn, fall; awKOw =it is autumn; mokusi & awkusi subj. == in the autumn
MOSKIZIPAHPI in.
heart v. PAHPI; noskizipahpi my h., oskizipahpi = hisfher h.;
=Heart Butte v. MISTAKI; nftakoskizipahpi stubborn v. NI­
Moskizipahpi-istaki
motaiohki ocean,
MOT- (-OT-, MOTO-, MOYUI-, -OTUI-) = all, all over, everywhere, in all respects;
imotapaiisi = zigzag, go every way v.
sea = motomahxikimi v. OMAHK-, -KIMI, OHKI;
APO;
Motuinaw = Chief All Over, p.m. v. NINA
MOTO in. = spring (the season); awTO = it is spring.; motusi & awtusi subj. =in the spring;
junco v. SISZI
MOXINA (MAXINA)
= to be mean, angry:
motof-siszi-w =
nitOXINA v. MINIXI, INI
spHipioyis =
MOYIS in. = lodge, house; pI. moyisz; napioyis == house;
akapioyis = town;
Omahkoyis
natoapoyis church v. NATO;
nitoyis =tipi v. NI-;
tower;
rrllszoyis = log cabin;
moyis-pistohzi
== East Glacier, Edmonton;
namoyis == beehive v. NAMO;
pfstokoyis =wall v. IPI,
in the house
MOZI-, AHSIMOZI == to like; (I)SZIMIMOZI == to dislike
-M'S- = daughter-in-law, second cousin: nim'sa (nimpsa) == my d-i-l., om'si (ompsi)
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163
his d-i-l.
•
N
NA+A :::: mamma, grandma voc. (also said to be the call of the cat bird; an alternate child's name for "mother" is
mamayi voc.)
NAI, NAW :::: six; miii an., miwi in.;
naiipo:::: sixty v. KIPO
naik6puto :::: sixteen v. KOPUTO;
NAIPISZI an. :::: blanket, rag; in. wool v. PISZI;
naipiszi-6pis = cord;
Mahkaipiszi = Red Blanket,
p.n.;
awaipiszirniska-w :::: blanket-maker (a term used for Navajos, Pueblos and Southwestern tribes
generally) v. KA; Awaipiszirniska-Xahko + Arizona & New Mexico
NAM- :::: pure, clear; amfpuk:::: air; (n) amipokaw (-kai) in. :::: clear sky; pi. -kaisz
NAM (NAM-) :::: only, just, merely; name:::: just, only;
nampsi naked;
XISZIKO; namaki = a single, unmarried woman v. AKI;
namaki-okos
NAM- (NAMISZ) :::: east, eastward, yonder v. NI-, NAZ-, NIM-;
hand;
axisaw6hzi:::: (on) the left v. NAWOHZI
namaixisziko
=a bastard
naw6hzi
= the
= Thursday v.
left, on the left
nimimskan :::: medicine
NAM- (NAMI-)
twisted; mimski, naimskf, namiskf lizard, homed toad v. -SKI;
man;
NAMINITA :::: to shear: nitaiAMINITAKI, nitaiAMIHKINITAw, _ _~_ _ to cut hair;
NAMIHZINA:::: to braid: nitaiAMIHZINAKI, _ _ _ __
nitAMfHKINIhs (i) retl I get a haircut;
nitaiAMIHZINIhp; nitaiAMIHZINIm (aiAMIHZINIMaw) :::: to braid one's own
hair;
Apatarnihzinimakoan:::: a Chinese v. APAT-, KOAN;
NAMIXKAPIXI:::: to twist v. APIXI,
IXKAPA
namaii in. :::: bow: ninamaii =
NAMA (retains initial N-) :::: weapon; nama-wan. :::: gun: nimamaw:::: my gun;
my bow;
NAMAHKA = to take weapons or booty, count coup: nitaiNAMAHK', niziNAMAHKATAw,
____________ ,
namahka-w :::: one who takes a weapon;
namahkani in. :::: a coup; pI.
-nisz;
NAMAHKI :::: to sweep; namahkiazis = a broom namahkimazis; nizamahkimazis =my broom
NAMOwa :::: bee, wasp (Cf. Cree & Obj. amo);
namOYlS beehive v. MOYIS;
nam6ahsisz v. UYI;
namofsiszi =humming bird v. SISZI
NANAI- (NANAW-) :::: final, finally;
nanaikoan an. = ghost;
NINA;
nanawtokani:::: skull (of the dead) v. OTOKAN
nanana
NANISIeight; nanis.o = eight (in counting); minisufmi an., minisui in.;
KOPUTO;
nanisipo = eighty v. KIPO
nam6ahsin in. :::: honey; pI.
= terrible-looking
nanisik6puto
man v.
= eighteen v.
NANO- (NINO-) = to see:
, nitaiINOAw & nizfNOAw (aiINOfw' & NANOfw'), nitaiINlhp &
nizINlhp;
INAKO (aiINAKO) = to be visible,
nits = see him! imp.; nin6kit:::: see me! imp.;
appear;
sawailNAKO = to be invisible v. SAW-; awkaisawaiINAKOyfm = he/she
vanished;
kitmtomazino good-bye; I'll see you again. v. Mat-;
-SXINO- = to know, learn See
SXINO.;
-ONO- =to recognize See ONO
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164
NAPAYENI in. :::;: bread, flour «French la farine, influenced perhaps by NAPI); 6kapayeni = flour v. OK- "raw";
nitapayeni = my bread; mixkapayeni =biscuit, cracker v. MIK-;
maziixkapayeni & mazuix kapayeni =
cookie(s) s. & pI. v. MAZI;
napayeninsiman in. wheat, potatoes v. INSIMA
NAPI
white, off-white, dawn-colored, old (may drop N-);
Napi = Old Man;
apa-w = winter weasel,
ermine;
apawapspi, apa-oapspi = huckleberry, blueberry s. & pI. "weasel eyes" v.
UPSPI;
slxmam-apa-wa black weasel v. SIK-;
napi- = white man adj., English; napikoan a
white man; napiaki a white lady; nizAPIKOAN (NAPIKOAN) = to be a white man;
nitlliAPIPUYI
mlpiapfsz in. pI. = "civilization" and its effects;
apapum & aiPAPUm
I speak English v. PUYI;
(there's) lightning; 'papusi subj. :::;: lightning, electricity;
napfnyuan (napffiuan) = sugar v. MINI;
-apini = eye(s) (related to SAPI, UPSPI?): nitaiAPI & nitAPI = I
inapfnyuan = candy v. INO;
APINAKO = morning; APINAKOw = it is morning v.
see;
napf = friend, partner voc.;
APINAKO;
(There appear to be two roots NAPI, which have become somewhat confused over the
centuries. The one just given derives from the common Algonquian root for "white": ap-, wap-, Cree wapi­
etc., with the initial N- perhaps borrowed from NINA or the NAPI given below. This borrowing may
account for the instability of this initial N-.)
NAplw = man, male (often retains N-; see NAPI above.); napi-w = an old man, old animal,
Old Man p.m.;
ninapim = myoId man, unapim = hislher old man;
napf = friend, partner voc.;
nizAPI (NAplw) to
be an old man;
-api = person v. MATAPI;
napfm = male animal; pI. napfmix v. IMI; nitapim = my
mipix =old folks, old
beast;
Kutomipi OldKutenai p.n.;
kipiapi-wa =crocus, Pasque flower;
man and wife;
mokakiapi = wise man v. MOKAKI
(This root NAPI probably derives from the
Proto-Algonquian napawa, napewa, -apew, meaning "man, male", and so is related to the tribal name
Leni-Lenape or Renape.)
NAT AIYOwa
wild cat, bob cat; omahkataiyo
mountain lion, puma, cougar, tiger
NATO- (NATOI-) = holy, sacred, manitou; nitATOSI (NATOSlw an., NATOYlw in.) = to be holy;
nat6si-wa
= the sun, holy one;
kakat6si-w = star v. KAK-;
aikat6si = supernatural power, God,
spirit;
natosini = "medicine", holy power nitatosini = my "medicine";
Omahkat6si = the Great
nitaiTOIHKAsI
Spirit;
nitATOIINAI (NATOIfNAIw) :::;: sing holy song(s) v. NINIHKI;
(NATOIHKASIw) = to act as a medicine man v. KASI;
nat06hzi :::;: in a holy place;
nat6ixisziko
nitoxkatatoixisziko week v. NI-;
sikatoixisziko = Monday
(-koi) = Sunday, week v. XISZIKO;
(Sunday's over; v. SIKO);
natoap- = holy: NATOApSIw v. an., NATOApIw v. in.;
natoapina =
medicine man v. NINA;
omahkuisz natoapisz = sacraments, etc.;
natoapsinaxin :::;: Bible, prayer
natoapoyis church, mission v. MOYIS;
Natoapaki Omahxikimi :::;: St. Mary
book v. SINA;
Lake(s);
(NATO & ONISTA may be cognate and derivative of the Alg. root manito. Cf. Cree manitu,
Obj. nanand-: to doctor, Proto-Alg. -anet, E. Alg. -and, Virginian manitho
Maximilian transcribed
natosi as nanthos. See also IJAL July, 1975.)
NATOK- (NAT-) = two; mitoka = two (counting), mitokami an., natokai in.;
nat6hzi
manner;
nazik6puto :::;: twelve v. KOPUTO;
nazipo & nizpo = twenty v. KIPO;
-ist-):::;: two, both; nizimi =twin n. & adj.;
naximiokasi-w she has twins v. OKOS.
:::;: Two Medicine p.n.
so, thus, in like
nistok- (nist-,
Natoki-6kas (i)
NAW-, NAI- v. NAI-, NAW-.
NAWOHZI
on the left (hand) (sometimes with a sign indicating the east)v. NAM, NAZ, NIPage
165
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _·····
___
$
1IIIIIlI
•
NAZ == east Cf. NAM-, NAWOHZI.
NAZI (NAZI)
plover, killdeer
nist6wa I, me; nist6i obv. v. STO-; nistlinan (a) == we, us
NI- (N-, NIT-) == 1, me, one, real, Indian, lone;
(exclusive); nistanani obv.;
nit6hzi == on the right (hand) (sometimes with a sign indicating the west)
Cf.; NAWOHZI, NAZ-, NAM-;
nitliihk == in the same direction; nit6wa an., nitlii & nitliyi in. the
same (in. also means "once, one time");
nita- (niz-, nitai-) == alone; Nizfna == Lone Man p.m.; Nitaki ==
Lone Woman; Nitohkliyi == Lone Wolf; Nit- ohkyaiyo Lone Bear; Nit-awapo = Lone Walker; Nitai-istaki
== Lone Mountain; Nitai-spiistaki (old name for Going to the Sun Mountain?)- all p.n.;
nitap- real,
only, lone, alone, same (nistap- in imp. & subj.);
NITUMAZINAm an., NITUMAZINAZlw in. =
matches, goes well with.;
nizapikoan Frenchman; nizapiaki == French woman nitaiIZAPIKOA.IPUYI
== I speak French v. PUYI;
nizitapi-w == Indian; nizltapikoan == Indian man; nizitapiaki Indian woman;
niillilZfPUYI (aiIZIPUYlw & NIZIPUYlw)
nizISfTAPI (NISfTAPlw) =to be an Indian v. MATAPI;
speak Indian v. PUYI; nizitapi-puahsin == the Indian language;
nisia = one (old form, still
used);
nit6xka ('tlixka) == one: nit6xkam(a) an., nit6xkai in. v. IXT, OXTAKI;
nizik6puto == eleven
v. KOPUTO;
NIZINA = to resemble, look like, look alike: NIZINA.miaw n. pl., NIZINAZlaw in. pI.
(used with ENUANI);
nizitapi-w =lone or lonely person:
niNfZITAPI (NIZITA.PIw) to be alone,
be a lonely person;
niNIzITAPAUPI = I live alone, v. UPI.; nist- (form of nit- used in imp. and
nlZlsan sacred red paint (from
subj.);
nit6kan = sacred helper (as in the vision-quest) v. OKA;
badlands);
nitliianistapsiaw = they are the same an. v. MANISTAP-; nitliianistapiw in. S.; nit6awk &
nitliyawk he is the same;
niziw (a) it is the same, is real, true;
niz6w = it is all;
nitak =
independent, autonomous.
NIETAHTAw (NIETAHTAi, -ITAHTAI, -SISAHTAI) in. = river, stream, creek, roar;
Nietahtaitapi-w col.
Pend d'Oreille(s), Kalisel(s) v. MATAPI; Nietahtaitapikoan = a Kalispell man; nitaiTAHTAITAPA.IPUYI
asetahtai in. creek, Browning v. AS-;
(The root NIETAHTA is
I speak Kalispel (Salish) v. PUYI;
said to mean "roaring water", perhaps doubtful. Cf. OHTAKO, SUYI)
NIHTA to boil: nitaiNIHT', _________ ,nitaiNIHTATOhp; nitaiNOHTOAw
her.;
itainihtawpi in. == pot
NIM- (NIMISZ)
= west, westward;
Nimizitaupi-w
= I boil for him!
=the sun v. UPI, cf. NAM­
NIMIAP-, nimiapi = trash, dirt, rubbish
NINAwa (NINAW-, -INA-) = man, chief, lord, boss; nizinaim = my chief, ozinaim = his!her chief;
linasina
omahkaiinaw == giant;
sawkina-w =married man;
asahkina-w == young
col. == men, all the men;
married man v. AS-;
Nfnaistaki & Nfnaistako = Chief Mountain & Mountain Chief; Nitaina == Lone
Chief; kat-aina = No Chief; Moliinaw = Chief All Over p.n.;
Kaina, Akaina == Bloods or Many
Chiefs;
nina-aki = queen, chief woman;
ninaipoka-w =child of a chief;
ak6kskaina-w =chief
(archaic; said to mean "top-limb-man");
kahtomina-w = war chief v. KAHTOMI;
nizINAI (NINAw)
= to be chief;
ninalsllli
chiefdom;
nizfN AWASI (NINAWA.SIw) == to become
chief;
nizlNAIHKASI (NfNAIHKASIw) =to act as chief;
nitafNAIAZAw (NINA.IAZIUaie) = to
make chief;
oyina == male relation (spoken by a female): noyfnaw = my m.r.; oyinai == her m.r.
(Cf.
Cree iyini-w "human being" as distinguished from napew "male"; also Cree irin & Obj. inin & Illinois ilini.
Note the shifts among N, Rand L. Note also the combination of both roots for "man" in tribal names
Leni-Lenape & Renape. & Alg. erenapew pL)
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166
NINIHKI (-INAI-, INAKI-) = to sing: nizINIHKI (NINIHKlw) & nitaiINIHKI (aiINIHKIw), nitaiINIHKATAw,
nitaiINIHKATOhp Cf. IZINIKI.;
sokfnaki-w :=; doctor, medicine man v. ISOK;
ninihkiazis in. =
violin, fiddle, musical instrument, music box, phonograph; pI. -azisz, ihtainihkiopi = fiddle,
violin;
-nfnihkisini & nfnihk'sini in. = song, music; pI. nfnihkisisz;
NINIHKATA to call by name,
appeal to, name:
nitailNIHKATAw; ozinihkasimiw :=; he has a name.;
-nfnihkasim in a name:
nizinihkasim = my name; ozfnihkasim = hislher name
NINIHKIOHKI & INAKIOHKI
NIPO
=singing water.
summer; aiPUw & aiPOw = it is summer.; nipusi & aipusi subj. in the summer;
nfpumaki :=;
chickadee, tomtit v. AKI;
nipuma-w widow, chickadee (but maybe the root is Alg. nipa: sleep, not
NIPO) v. OMI;
Nfpomahkatoixiszikatosi an. = July;
NIPUMI to pass the summer: niziPUMI &
nitaiIPUMI
NIPUYI = to stand, get up, rise, stop: nizIPUYI (NIPUYIw & aiIPUYIw) & nitaiIPUWA (aiIPUWAw) (the latter
forms appear to be more common now among the southern Piegans. Y <>W);
mazipuwauhsini in.
resurrection v. MAT-;
Mahkuyi-aipuwahsin (i) Rising Wolf p.n.;
NIPUYIPUYI = to stand up,
get up. rise:
nitaiPUYIPUYI; NIPUYINA
to raise, lift up: _________ . nizIPUYINAw,
nizIPUYINlhp v. INA;
nip-, -nip-, nipu (i)-, nap-, -ipuyi- etc.
standing, rising, stopping,
upright;
nipuitapfsini in. my life-time v. MATAPI;
nipuipaitapisini = life;
niziPAIPUYI = I
stand up.;
nipuawex = early riser, domestic rooster;
Ipizfwahs, Jpis6wahs & Apisowahs Venus,
the Morning Star, "Early Riser" p.n.;
Pahzipisowahs Jupiter, morning or evening star, Mercury (a
sign for attack), Scarface;
-PUAW = to rise, get up: nitaiPUAW & niziPUA.W (aiPUA.W);
nipuawt
imp. get up!
NISO (NIS-, NISI-) = four; nis6'
four (counting); nisufmi an., nisui in.;
nisik6puto = fourteen v. KOPUTO;
NISJZI- = five: nisit6 (counting), nisizi an., ni8it6i in.;
nisizfkoputo
nisipo = forty v. KIPO;
nisizipo:=; fifty;
NA.NISO eight v. NANISO
fifteen;
Nisit6-wa = Isidore, Isidoro;
NIST- = elder sister, cousin etc. (usually of a man): nin'sta = my elder sister, pI. nin'szix; uniszi =: his elder sister
NITOHXKAPI
to shine, be out (of the sun) v. KAPI
NITUMO (NITUMMO)
NIUAAKI & NOWAAKI
NIUOX- (NI-)
KOPUTO;
=butte, high hill; omahkaitumo = a big hill;
Nitum-ispizi = Tall Man, p.n. v. SPI­
look out! be careful!
three; niu6ka
three (counting): niu6xkam an., niu6xkai in.;
niyfpo = thirty v. KIPO
nik6puto = thirteen v.
-N'N- = father; nfn'na = my f., un'ni hislher f., nin'mi vOC.; nfn'mina & kfn'nuna our f., our agent; Kfn'nun &
Un'nimaw God;
nizftun'nihpinan our agency; iWn'niopi = agency, Browning;
Akaitun'niopi in.
Old Agency;
nitUN'NIMAw (awN'NIMlw) to have as a father;
nitUN'NI ClJN'Nlw) = to have a
(Cf. Obj. nose, Virginian nows,
father;
nitatoapun'n' = my godfather, my foster father v. NATO
Cree notawe: my father.)
NOHK- (-OHK-)
=:
please! (to soften commands), however, though, at least, to be sure
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167
____________________________" " " " " - ­
~t
•
NOHKIZI- = different, other, another, foreign (may drop N-); NOHKIZlw is different; aiAKIZliaw = they are
mat6hkizi (m) =
different;
nohkfzitapi col. foreigners; nohkizitapikoan = a foreigner v. MATAPI;
differently
NOKOPINONOSIPIAZ pI.
to doctor, apply medicines: nitOPINOMOAw
=sun-dogs; -nosipista (nat6si) =there are sun-dogs; IKSKfw (nat6si) =there are sun-dogs, v. SKI.
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168
I
o
OHK- (-IHK-) :::;; on, on top of, ended, over;
ITOHK- on, on top of;
IHZI, POTO;
it6hkizapiohkoyop :::;; elephant;
-OHKITUPI
nitOHKIT(JPI, nit6hKITUPATAw, nitOHKITUPATOhp
OHKI in.
water; pI. ohkisz; cf. -KIMI:
NAPI;
mfniohki = wine v. MINI
ITOHKIZIPOTO:::;; to put on top v.
to ride (horseback etc.), to be on top:
inokyimazis ohkf = oil, petroleum v. INO;
napi6hki = whiskey v.
OHKIMA = to wait: nitaiOHKIMA, nitaiOHKOAw, nitaiOHKIhp
OHKOTOKI (-KOTOK)
rock, stone; an. large rock; in. small rock; pI. ohkotokisz = stones, Lethbridge;
ohkotokwazis xahkum:::;; cactus ground, Helena;
sikohkotoki
ohkotoksko ;;;;: a rocky place v. -SKO;
= coal v. SIK-;
ohkotoksinaxin blackboard v. SINA;
ok6taxin 0) = beadwork;
ohkotoksoka
= mortar, stone bowl, dish;
ohkotozifhpotan stone fireplace
OHS-
= back, backwards, behind, out of sight;
ohs6hzi behind;
APATOHSO :::;; to go back(wards):
nitawAPATOHSO v. APAT;
mohsoyfs (ohsoi-) in. = tail; ISOyfw has a tail; Isui tail; pI. fsoyix
-OHTO:::;; to hear, understand; neg. not to hear, be deaf: nitaiOHZIMI, nitaiOHTOAw,
nitaiOHZlhp;
iht6zimiopi & ihtaipiozimiopi = radio v. PI;
moht6kis ear; noht6kis my ear;
-stoki ear (combining form);
6mahkstoki = mule;
OHTUm & fHTAm = it or he/she sounds,
6htak6' (ahtak6) in. = roar, sound, noise, cascade, waterfall,
makes a noise;
akOHTAm = will sound;
Great Falls;
Omahtkataw = Missouri River
OHTOHKO- = to be sick: nitaiOHTOHKOhsi (OHTOHKOhsiw) refl.;
patient
aiohtohkohsi-w == a sick person,
OK- (AUK-) :::;; raw; entrails; 6kapayeni :::;; flour
OKA :::;; to be shy: nitawKAKI
OKA
to sleep, dream: nitaiOK(a) (aiOKAw);
nitaiPAPAUK' UiiPAPAUKAw)
to dream v.
PAP-;
nipapaukan(i) :::;; my vision; nizokan(i) my dream; okan(i) hislher dream, a medicine lodge;
Natoki6kasi Two Medicine
pI. okanisz;
awKAw = holds a Sun Dance, medicine lodge;
p.n.;
nit6kan & nit6kaw
sacred helper or guardian (of the vision-quest);
okaki :::;;
spirit;
itaiyokopi :::;; hotel;
itawkawpi in. == bedroom
OKAK- = back (ofthe body);
the Rocky Mountains
mokakini in.
OKI = hello!, come on!, come in! OK;
-OKO-
back (of the body);
ok! & 'ki
mokakikin & mokakfnsi in.
backbone,
let's go!
lodge, home, tipi: nok6wa = my I., ok6ai == hislher I.;
OKOYI = to have a home: nitawKOYI
(awKOYIw);
zima kizftokoyihpa == where do you live?
OKOYISKA = to build a house v.
KA;
kokaupi in. home, lodge, tipi v. UPI;
e.g. sixfnikokaupi black buffalo lodge
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169
f
OKOAN in. = belly, stomach: nokoan = my s., 6koan == hislher s., m6koan = someone's S.; mokoanisz pI.
someone's manifold (digestive stomach of ruminants), Belly River p.n.;
okoais & osaki = back-fat;
(aiISZISOKOAN!w) =to have a stomach ache;
OKONOKI in.
nizISZISOKOAN(i)
okOliisaw in. = belly fat
=service berry; pI. 6kon6kisz
-OKOS == child, son: nokos = my c., ok6s =hislher c.; -kos == c. (Cf. Cree nikosis =my son.) v. -KOYI;
iKOSIw,
awKlSIw & akOKOSIw = she is pregnant.;
nitohKOYI (ohKOYIw) have a son.;
nohk6wa = my
son, ohk6i == hislher son, nohkoif voc.;
Ohkoimaw =God the Son;
k6kona =little girl; pI. k6koax,
6kosfpoka-w == colt,
k6koa voc.;
nitok6skun = my adopted child, my god-child, my foster-child;
manistokos == Kaina head chief
pony;
namaki-okos == a bastard;
OKUYI in. == a hair (single), fur, feather; pI. -yisz;
mokUyis in. someone's fur;
sik6kuyihkini-w == helshe
has black hair
OMA =that; pI. omixi an., omiszi in., omi obv. an. & in.;
omi, 'mi =there, over there;
'rna =here omahk
-omisk & omihk in. == which, that; pI. omiszisk;
6maiyauk =
& omihk an. = who, that; pI. omixisk;
there helshe comes; 6makauk = here helshe comes.
OMAHK- (IMAHK-, OMAHXI-) == big, large great; 6mahxim (persons), 6mahkimiw (animals), 6mahxixim
(an. trees), 6mahxixiw (in. trees), 6mahko in. (all these are verbal fonns.);
Big Sky v. SPI-;
Omahxistawaxahko == U.S.A., v. ISTOAN, XAHKUM;
v. NATO;
-omahkaiinaw == a giant v. NINA;
kak- = great, big, large;
holes in ears) v. STOKI
Omahk-Spum =Montana,
Omahkat6si = Great Spirit
kakanotst6ki == owl (big
OMAHKA == to run: nitOMAHKA;
v. APO;
AMIOMAHKA to run up v. AMI;
APOMAHKA == to run about
MISTAPOMAHKA == to run away v. MIST-;
aixistomatomahkan automobile v. OMATO
= to begin: nitOMATO (aiMATOw); omatap- & awmatap- begin(ning), start(ing)
(to);
OMATAPO = to go, to begin, start, travel: nitawMATAPO v. APO;
'mat- = go! (with
imperatives for "go and ...");
IMAT- (IMAZ-) = almost, nearly, beginning;
IMATA to imitate:
nitaiIMATAw
OMATO
OMI = to marry or have a husband: nltOMI, nitOMATAw, _ _ _ _ _
husband;
aiakomi-w = bride;
nip6mi-w == widow
OMINI
n6ma = my husband; omi = her
(v. Cree nipi: die & nipa: sleep)
== to break (off or into pieces), shatter, tear, divide;
-omini6sihp
math);
awminiohtosi = first day of the last quarter (when the moon tears itself)
= divided
by (in
-OMO-
== to gather, assemble;
ITOMUO = to come together (then or there);
om6xin a gathering
(sometimes used for a rodeo or "omoksee");
OMOAIPIXI == to gather up: nftOMOAIPIXISTAKI,
nftOMOAIPIXISTAw, nftOMOAIPIXIhp v. APIXI;
OMOAWK- to gather up, round up, hold a rodeo
(often with KAN-, q.v.):
,nitohKANAWMOAWKOAw, _ _ _ __
-ONI (-UNI) =day (of 24 hours): -ONIw == it's a day;
before yesterday v. MIST, APO;
numerical series counting days.)
-ONtSI in.
= forehead, brow;
matlini = yesterday v. MAT-;
mistapotuni == the day
kiskany6toni (kiskafi6toni) == morning v. XISKAN; (-ONI is used in a
monisi = someone's forehead
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170
ONISTA
= wonderful, holy, supernatural v. NATO;
ONISTAw = is holy; onistan
a spirit
ONO = to recognize: _ _ _ _ _ , nitONOAw, nitONIhp
-OPI (-AWPI)
= brains, head:
nopi == my brains; opi == hislher brains
upsi in. = arrow: nohpsi == my a., ohpsi = hislher a.;
mPlw =he/she has
-OPI = arrow; v. to have arrow(s):
arrow(s); matOPIw = he/she also has arrow(s) v. MAT;
imahkOPIw he h~s a big arrow.
otahkuinazi-w =an orange,
OTAHKUI- (OTA-) yellow; OTAHKUINAm v. an., OTAHKUINAZIw v. in.;
egg yolk;
ota-w == summer weasel;
otatuyi :;::: red fox;
sikotauyi black fox;
otahkim
otahkuispi-w =he/she has yellow hair. v. SPI-;
otahktiisiszi
gold, brass;
mikotahkim =copper;
= canary, goldfinch; otahkapi-wa =palomino; otahktiiimi-wa == is yellow (of animals v. IMI, e.g.
"buckskin horse" specifically);
otahkawkaii-wa = robin, meadow lark;
Otahkui-sitakisz Judith
Mountains
OTAK- = round, circular, in a circle; OTAKSIw v. an., OTAKlw v. in. is round etc.;
otaki (motaki) in.
otaki = hislher soul,
shadow, spirit, soul, friend, partner: nitakaw & notakaw my soul, friend etc.;
otaki-wa in. = a circle, zero, it's
friend etc.;
suiotakska = killdeer (water shadow, v. SUYI);
round;
otakohzi =around;
OTAKAHKI-: nitawTAKAHKIAKI, nitawTAKAHKAw, _ _~_ _
=to screw; ihtawtakahkiakiopi n. an.; OTAKAPIXI =to turn around v. APIXI; OTAKAUPI =to
sit around v. UPI;
OTAKO = to turn around, go around: nitawTAKO (OTAKOw & awTAKOw)
awtakusi subj. in the afternoon;
otakohsina
(O<>AW);
awtakow :;::: it's afternoon, evening;
in. == hour;
anawkotakohsin (a) =half hour v. ANAWK;
awtakow it's afternoon, evening; awtakusi
subj. = in the afternoon; otakohsina in. = hour; anawkotakohsin (a) = half hour v.
ANAWK;
inakanawkotakohsin (a) quarter hour v. INAK-;
isxinmtakisin (a) = a minute;
itakaw
= makes a circle.;
awatakoyi-w in. = whirlpool (Cf. Cree azak: spirit, azakos or atakus = star. Is
Blackfeet kakatosi related to this by metathesis? Cf. p.n. for "bay": Connecticut, Nantucket, Pawntucket.)
OTAKOA
= to give a drink to;
kipotakokit = give me something to drink! v. KIP­
OTAS == hislher horse or beast, pI. otasix (refers to animals more or less tamed.);
otas == my male horse v. NAPI; nitOTASI == I have a horse.
notas == my horse; nitapim
OTO = to come, go, arrive (often with IT-): nizitOTO & nitmtOTO -(itOTOw, awTOw, ITOw);
za-itoto
(wazix) = what time it is?;
Natokai-itotow = it's two o'clock.;
MANOTO == to come recently, to
have just arrived v. MANI;
MOKAMOTO = to go straight v. MOKAM-;
-OPIZKOTO = to be
right back, return soon v. PIZOHK;
Zka ihtoaz = which way did he go?; otoazis = a cane
OTOKANi (MOTOKAN) = head, hair, scalp;
notokan 0) = my head etc. otokan (i) = his/hel
h.;
nitotokanim = my scalp (one taken by me);
nanautokani & motokep in. == skull v.
NANA-;
otokan nitozihp I scalp(ed) him v. MATO;
otokan-aipaska == scalp dance v. PASKA cf.
OTOKI
-OTOKI- (MOTOKiS) =skin, hide, an. generally but in. after a certain stage of curing.( cf. OTOKANi);
notokis
== my skin;
okotokis an. == rawhide v. OK-;
otokis in. == egg-shell:
otoki in. =
kidney;
autoxinazi == bean;
otohtoxin in.
raspberry;
kotokyanoko (-kui) in. =
parfleche;
ini-otokis == buffalo hide v. INI;
kitoki = prairie chicken (tough head?);
pfkoki =
vulture v. APIKPage 171
__s______________________________. . . . . . . ~
a
OTOKIMA (ITOKIM~) = to fill;, nftOTOKIMAw (lTOKIMlw), nitOTOKIMSTOhp v. KIMI
ihTOKIMIw
= is full (of streams).
ow Aw
in. :::: egg; pI. owaisz;
MoAw = it is an egg (cf. Cree wawa);
XISZIKO;
awami in. = snowshoe;
AWAIIw she lays an
oyisz (W<> Y);
uwisKAw she builds a nest v. KA.
Owa'~xisziko'= Easter v.
uwis & oyfs in. = nest; pI.
OXTA == to count: nitOXTAKI, nitOXAw, nitOXTOhp;
NI~;
niuoxka = three v. NIUOX-;
a row v. IXT
OZIMI- = brown;
sorrel horse;
OZIMISTATA
OZIPIS in.
awxtaxin = numbers, counting;
-SIXKA- (-S'XKA-) v. SIXKA, IXT, SIKO;
ozimmoko (-kui) in. = meadow, green grass;
ozimiohkyaiyo = brown bear;
ozisapinyuan
nitoxka one v.
IXT- row, in
ozfmi = sorrel horse; sikozimi = dark
chocolate, brown sugar v. NAPI, MINI
== to starve: _ _ _ _ _ _ , nitaiOZIMISTATAw,
= willow;
ozipfsko
willow grove v. -SKO
OZISA-
otahkozisa = pickle, cactus v. OTAHKUI-;
Akaiotahkozisa = Helena (Many Cacti; v. AK­
OTAHKUI);
oziszfni in. strawberry; Anawoziszinisz-ozitaiizpi in. = June v. IZI
OZISI = to smoke (as a pipe): nitOZISI (awZISIw), _ _ _ _ _ , nitOZISATOhp;
ihtozisop = (sacred)
pIpe
OZIZK- (IZIZK-, IZK-) = past, beyond, more v. IZK-;
ozizkahsi = better v. AHS
OZKUI- :::: blue, green: OZKUINAm v. an., OZKUINAZlw v. in. (Cf. Obj. ozhah, -wushk.);
ozkuisiszf-wa
= bluebird v. SISZI (also said to mean "blue jay".);
SIKOZKUINAm an., SIKOZKUINAZlw in. = to
ozkapini = blue eyes, eye glasses;
-ozkuifmi-wa = "blue" horse v. IMI
be dark blue v. SIK-;
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172
I
p
= bad v. MAKAP; PAKAp- bad, lazy; pakapsix pl. an.; pakapisz pl. in.; pakapsiuwa
col.;
pahxim6-w it smells bad v.AMA;
pahkun (i) = what's the matter?
nitawPAHKIMINAKI
= I plough, cultivate v. KIMI;
(ih)PAHKUYIZlw it blazes, flames, is hell
PAHK-
PAHP-
= to beat, hit, throb: nitaiPAHPUAw = I strike, beat him/her.; nitaiPAHPUYII = I quake, tremble
shake (myself);
PAHPAKI to brush;
PAHPApIXI = to shake: nitaiPAHPAPIXISTAKI etc. v.
APIXI;
PAHPAPINIAPIXI = to twinkle the eyes v. APINI;
pahpaxxisi-wa woodpecker v. XIS I
Moskizipahpistaki = Heart
cf. Obj. pahpahsa.;
m6skizipahpi in. heart: n6skizipahpi = my h.;
nftakoskozipahpi = stubborn, obstinate
Butte;
itepeziwa n6skizipahpi =my heart is towards them.;
v. NI­
=
PAHS- (PAX-)
naked, bare:
nitaiPAHSAITAPI (PAHSAITAPlw) = to be naked v.
PAXISTOTOhsi to undress oneself refl. v. TOT
MATAPI;
=false, wrong:
PAHT-
PAHZfw =: it is wrong in.;
pahzap- = false, mistaken, bad, wrong;
pahzapiw
PAHZANI = to err (in speaking) v. ANI;
PAHZANISTO = to err (in
pahzapsinani an. = a sin, a bad thing to do
=it's a mistake, pardon me.;
doing) v. TOT;
PAHT-
inside, within;
Pahtomahxikimi
PAHTOKI an. pine tree v. OTOKAN;
S1. Mary Lake(s) v. KIMI
pahtokui
= pine timber; paht6ksko =pine grove, pine needles -SKO
PAlwa (PAlye)
ridge, ridge-scar, Scarface (POIA);
ihpawakski-w = he has a face scar v. -SKI;
pawahko
suyopawahko = a ford, Bow River Crossing;
Nizi-Pawahkui =:
in. = mountain ridge, ridge-scar;
Hudson's Bay Divide v. NI-;
piuahko = bad lands
PAKAppAp-
= bad, lazy v. PAHK­
=dream, in a dream; e.g. papawhkyaiyo =bear in a dream v. KYAIYO;
PAPOKA = to dream (about):
,v. OKA;
papawkani in. =a dream,
nitaiPAPOK' & nitaiPAPAWK; nitaiPAPOKATAw,
(Cf. English powwow
vision; nizipapokan (i) & nfpapawkan (i) = my d.; opapokan (i) = his/her d.;
<Alg.)
inakimi papus (i) =papoose, suckling babe;
numoh'papfup = my sibling v. MOHT
(referring to brother or sister);
(Note Engl. 2 papoose < Narragansett)
PAPI = to suckle(?);
PAPISA
=to yell, shout:
PASKA (PESKA)
nitaiPAPIS' (aiPAPISAm)
= to dance:
nitaiPASK';
PASTA = to bridge, build a bridge: nitaiPAST';
PATA
Kitakstaipaska'
(a)pastan (i)
= a bridge, Cut Bank (town)
to carry, bring: nitohPATAKI, nitohpATAw, nitohPATOhp;
Maist6-Patakix = Raven Cal1'iers (a
branch of the All Comrades);
Pataki Carrier Woman, p.n. Cf. PATAK! below.;
(This root occurs
in the name Potomac < Virginian pataw: to carry, bring, in reference to traders of long ago.)
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$
=Would you like to dance?
173
¥
PATAKI in. == potato «Engl. <Spanish <Haitian) sometimes confused with PATAKI above; pI. patakisz.
PI-
far:
aiPIUOw =he/shelit is far away. (Cf. Cree pitsaw, Obj. pitsa.);
Pikani =Piegan(s), Peigan(s)
(though here the pi- may be a short form of APIK- + ANI:robe(s). cf. Piyani == Far Robe (a Man's
name).;
pi06hzi = far away
za-aniszipiuow & za-aniszipihziwazix == how far is (it)? v. 1HZ!, ZA,
piitapi-wa
MANIST-;
Pinukwiim, Piimikoyim Seen (From) Afar, Far Off in Sight), p.n. v. NANO;
stranger v. MATAPI;
PIIHZI = to be far away, lie far away: nitaiPIIHZI (aiPIIHZIw,
PIIHZIw);
PIAWANI == to fly far away v. AWA
=
-PI == to throb: awhPlw = it throbs.
=
PI- = to fall, rush through the air: nit6hPI (6hPIw & awhPIw) v. SPOHPI;
6hp'skonakaxi waterfall, Many
Glacier;
-HPIIto dance (with): nitaiHPII, nftohPOKIHPUMAw, ____________ . v.
POK;
OTAKIHPII = to dance in a circle, do a round dance v. OTAK­
PIAAPI (PIApI) in.
= thing .
PIHXO (PIHXI-) == nine: pihxi an., pihxui in.; pihxik6puto
KIPO
= nineteen v. KOPUTO;
pihxfpo = twenty v.
=
PIK-
= to shoot (of "ghost-shots" delivered by malicious ghosts to cause disease); pikaxisz in. pI.
ghost-shots;
istahpfkix = haunting ghosts
PIKI
= to grind, mash: nitaiPIKIAKI,
, nitciiPIKIhp Cf. PIKIN;
pikfmazis == a stone
pikiaxin in. = porridge;
SUISZIPIKI to
ax;
paxcizis an. stone maul: nipaxazis = my maul;
thresh
-PIKIN (-IKIN) == tooth, teeth; mohpfkini = someone's tooth Cf. PIKI;
PIXI- == to chew: _ _ _ __
nitaiPIXIPAw, nitaiPIXZIhp;
PIXI- to hammer, hit, strike (as in baseball): niziPIX' & nitaiPIXI
(aiPIXlw);
aipixi-w == a striker (in baseball);
ihtaipixopi = a hammer;
PIXINI == to
snap;
POX (APOX) = to crack, crush (as with the teeth);
apoxzihp = nut (what we crush with our
teeth)
PIKIS in. == rib;
Pitawpikfs
Eagle Ribs p.n.
PIN- (negative imperative particle); also MIN-;
minos6phs = it must not be windy;
not hail!;
pinipfnozit == don't tear it up! v. PINA
PINA
minsakohs = it must
to tear up, break up, shred, mince, clip: nitaiPINAKI, _ _ _ _ _ _ , nitaiPINIhp;
fisher v. ATUYI;
pfnihkai in. = a piece; pI. -kaisz
pinotuyi == a
PINAP- = downstream, eastward, east; nizINApo (PINAPOw) = to go east downstream v. APO;
Pinapisina-w
Pinapisinaikoan == a Sioux man;
nitPINAPISINAIPUYI = I
col. Sioux, Dakota(s) v. AS INA;
Pinapso-kimi == Atlantic Ocean.
speak Sioux.;
pinapohzi == down the river, downstream
PISAT- == wonderful, funny: pisatap- == wonderful;
nitaiPISAZITAKI, nitaiPISAZIMMAw, _ _ _ _ __
== I am surprised, wonder (at);
nitaiPISAZKASI = I conjure, make "medicine" v. KASI;
pisazkasin
= a show, theater, circus;
pisazkftan = a cake v. KITA;
pisazinikimi = wild onion
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174
I
PISKA
to empound, corral, fence in, surround: nitaiPISKI; piskan(i) in. :::: a corral, buffalo pound, buffalo
niszipiskan(i) in. a corral, fence
jump;
nipiskani my c.;
PISTAHKAN in.
tobacco;
aipistahkaipoko (-ui) in.
pepper v. -POKO (often cut to ap'stakapokui)
maisto-w :::: crow;
sfpisto-w
PISTOw
nighthawk;
Spaiyisipistoipaskan(i) Spanish Owl Dance v. PASKA
owl;
Sipistoipaskan(i) :::: Owl Dance;
PISZI :::: to weave, bend, suspect: nitaiPISZITAKI, nitaiPISZIMOAw, nitaiPISZIZIhp;
piszkiata in. :::: bend of
a flyer;
naipiszi an. blanket, rag; in. wool;
awaipiszimiska-w :::: blanket-maker, Indian of
Awaipiszirniska-Xahko :::: Arizona & New Mexico
Sikaipiszisokasim
Southwestern tribes v. KA;
an. Black Robe, priest, Jesuit v. SIK, ASO;
OXIPISZI & awIPISZI == to suspect:
nitawXIPISZIMOAw, _____________ .;
piszikokan :::: unborn buffalo calf or calves v.
OKOA;
piszizako in. :::: foam;
PISZIZAKUYIw :::: it foams.;
saipiszimazis an.
sawawhpfszap- :::: meddlesome;
SAWAWHPISZAPSIw
screw;
Mahkaipiszi :::: Red Blanket p.n.;
:::: he/she is meddlesome.;
PISZIXISTO == to deceive:
, niziPISZIXISTOTOAw,
_ _ _ _ _ _ v. TOT;
naipiszi-opis == cord v. APIS;
PITA :::: to mow: nitaiPITAKI
kipitaki-w old woman, moon (loses K-) v. KIP-: nipitam:::: my o. W.; opitam:::: hislher
PITA- :::: old woman;
o. W.;
Kipitaisuyekaxin == Old Woman Stretching Her Legs (a man's name) v. KA
PITA-wa == eagle; pL pitaix; coL pitai-awa Cf. Virginian apatanew: white taiL;
niPITAI:::: I am an eagle (in an
pitaipokaw ::::
old song).;
Pita:::: Peter;
xiszikumi-pitaw
thunderbird v. XISZIKO;
eaglet;
pitawanoki in.
eagle arrow, tail feathers v. ANIK-;
maziipftaw :::: a bat v.
MAZI;
omahxapftaw
condor v. OMAHK;
Apinakuipitaw :::: Morning Eagle p.n. v.
APINAKO;
Mikuzf-Pita (n), Ikuzf-Pita (n) & Mahxi-Pita Red Eagle p.n.;
xixihkini pitawa ::::
bald eagle v. KIN I
PIXI (PIK-) == wonderful, awesome;
pixixina (pizixina) :::: snake (X<>Z; <ISZINA: bug, worm; cf.
Ozitaiapisziihpixfxinaix in. August (when snakes go blind;
SKINA);
omahxixixina == rattlesnake;
v. NAPI;
Pixixinaitapi-wa coL:::: Shoshonis) v. MATAPI;
nitaiXIXINAITAPAIPUYI I talk
pikap-:::: wonderful: pikapsiw
Shoshoni.;
aiPIXIKAHZiaw:::: they are playing stick-game v. KAHT.;
an., pikapiw in.
PIXIw
:::: (large) bird, chicken; opixisina col. == fowl, birds, beasts, animals;
omahxipixiw :::: turkey v.
OMAHK;
pixauanokisz :::: bird's feathers v. AUANOKI;
Pixiawana:::: Bird Rattle(r) p.n.
PIXINI- == to be lean, skinny: nitaiPIXINI v.
POHKIA :::: to mow, reap, hay: nitaiPOHKIAKI;
nitaiPOHKISTOlohsi ref!. :::: I shave (myself);
Anawitaipohkiakiopi August, September apohkipi in. field
nitaiPOHISTOIAw :::: I shave another.;
(what we cut);
pohkistoiazis an. :::: a razor
POHS- :::: here, to here: niziPOHSAPO (POHSAPOw) :::: to come here v. APO;
POHSAPIPI to bring here
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pohsapohzi == here, hither;
•
POK-
small: POKIMlw v. an. (animals), POKISlw v. in.;
pokaw == child; opokasina coL ==
children;
inaxfpokaw & pokaup == baby (pokaup also means "cat bird".);
POKAII == to be born:
Myohpok6iix = the Pleiades (Bunched
niniiPOKAII (aiPOKAIIw);
minfpokaw = a rich child;
6kosfpokaw = a colt;
pusepokaw
Boys);
Akaipokax = Many Children (a Blood band or clan);
= kitten;
kyaiyopokaw =a bear cub;
xinaiipokaw =a bastard
Onistaipoka Wonderful Child
mat6mipokaw = first-born child;
p6ksiszi =vireo,
or Calf Child, p.n.
as:iinaipoka-w = cry-baby;
warbler, song sparrow (generally for small birds);
nitATOAWPOKOS = I have him as a god-child or
adopted child.;
pokfnsimo == wild rhubarb v. INSIMA
POK-
== accompanying, with;
POKIUO == to accompany, go with: nftohPOKIUO (ihPOKIUOw),
nitohpok6maw == my companion; otohpok6mi
his/her
nitohPOKOMAw, __________;
companion;
nitaiPOKAUPIMMAw == I live with ... v. UPI
POKAIIMA =to fan: nit:iiPOKAIIM' (aiPOKAIIMAw), nit:iiPOKAIIMOAw, _ _ _ __
= a fan
POKO
=to taste (like), having a certain taste;
iszipoko
sweet;
bitter;
iszixipoko salt;
:iipistahkaipoko in. = pepper
POKUNa an. = ball; pI. pokuyix;
ball and the game) v. MIKPOMISa in. = fat, grease, oil;
PONI
n6hpokun
ik:ixipokow =it tastes very good.;
iszixipoko-ohkf = ocean, sea;
pokaiim:izis
aposipoko =alum root;
mazipokow = it tastes
= my ball; ohpokuni =his/her ball; mi6hpokun =baseball (the
poyii & puyfi = oil (Cf. Obj. pemi, Cree pimi etc.);
pomfs-siszf' =goldfinch
== (-IPON-)
to break (as a dish etc., by dropping or throwing down), crush, mash: nitohPONI,
_ _ _ _ _ _ , nitohPONIhp & nitaiPONISTOhp & nitliwPONISTOhp.;
ip6nikaw an. =it is broken.
PONOKAwa (-INOK-, -NOK-) =elk, red deer, wapiti sing. & col.; also coL 6nokasina an.;
ponok:iistamik(a)
= bull elk, buck;
ponokaiskfm & ponokaiskfni-wa cow elk;
Ponokaisisahtai =Yellowstone River,
=
he
yells
like
an
elk v. KOML;
ponokaipokaup =
Bow River, Red Deer River;
itanokawhKUMIw
elk-lodge v. OKO;
ponokainihxini in. = elk song v. NINIHKI;
niziNOKAKIAKI
I trap
ponokainazi-w = paper (looks
elk;
niziNOKAWAKIMAW = I chase elk v, AKIAKI, AKIMA.;
like elk hide); also panukainazi.;
ponokawmita-w
horse v. IMITA;
6nokamitasina
col.;
suyinokawmita (a mythological or prehistoric mammal; the mammoth?) v.
SUYI;
ponokawmitawyis in. barn, stable v. MOYIS;
mixkfmonokawmita locomotive v.
MIK;
spaiyenokawmita = a Spanish horse v. SPAIYL
PONopANI =quiver (with arrows in it); nfnopanisz my q.; unopanisz =his/herq.; inopazis == a quiver;
=arrow.
pana
POSTUMI == rotten wood;
aipostuminazi = apple; pI. -sz (refers to dried fruit sold by early
traders);
Akoiaipostuminazi = Minneapolis (Many Apples) v. AK­
POTA
POTA
= to make a fire: nitaiPOT(a);
-isz;
potazis = stove; pI. -azix
potamskan in. = a fireplace, hearth;
to snow: awhPOTAw & aiohPOTAw',
mistakisz ihpotai'
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176
potani
= camp-fire;
= the mountains are snow-covered.
pI.
= to put, loos/e, pardon, lay down, let go, set free:
, nitohPOTOAw (PAIOTOufaye),
nitSAPOTOhp = I put it into .... v. SAP-;
pot6kit = let
niziPOZIhp (POZImaye & PAIOZImaye);
me go!;
nitiiPOTOMOAw = I loose for him.
POTO
-PSKINAw (mohpskinaw)
-PUI
= to paint;
= jaw; pI. chin
nitohPUISKI
= I paint my face v. SKI;
PUINA = to suffer: nitiiPUIN(A) (aiPUINAm);
= to wake up:
PUKA
PUMA
PUN an.
PUTA
= there are sun-dogs.
aiIXIPUINAmiaw = they suffer much v. IK­
nitaiPUKAKI & niziPUKAKI;
pukfhp
= cherry, chokecherry
= to buy: nit6hPUM(A), nit6hPUMATAw, nit6hPUMATOhp; nit6hPUMMOAw = I buy from him!
her.;
itahpumawpi in. = store, trading post;
ihtahpumawpi an. =money.;
awhpuma-w = a trader;
pI. -moaix
PUMAP (PUM-)
PUSa
awhpuiski-w nat6si
= good:
PUMAPSIw v. an., PUMAPIw v. in.;
= bracelet; pI. punix;
nitohPUNI (ihPUNIw)
Istapumaozini
= Holy Communion
= to have or wear a bracelet.
= cat, fiddle, violin, cat tractor; pI. pusaix «EngI.<Dravidian or Egyptian?);
POK­
= to fly,
soar: nitaiPUTA (aiPUTAw);
aiputa-w = airplane
flies; may be used as a woman's name and also to mean "bird".)
posaipoka-w
= kitten v.
(alternate form: PAIOTAw
= he/she
-PUYI (-IPUYI-, -AIPUYI) = to speak, talk: nitaiPUYI;
ihtaipuyop(i) = telephone;
(ai)puwatsin in. =
word, language; pI. aipuwahsisz (Y <>W);
nizitapfpuwahsin & nizfpuwahsin = the Indian language v.
NI-, MATAPI;
nitailZITAPIPUYI & nitailZIPUYI (aiIZIPUYlw & NIZIPUYlw) = to speak
Indian;
aipuyaipizi = chatterbox v. AIPIZI;
kataiaipuyi-w = mute;
nitaiSAIY AIPUYI = I am
nitaiPIKANIAIPUYI = I speak
silent.;
nitawKApAIPUYI = I curse, speak evil v. KAP-.;
nitaiSINAIPUYI = I speak
Piegan.;
nitaiSIXIKAIAIPUYI = I speak Blackfoot v. SIK, KA, *;
nitaiAZIPUYI = I interpret, translate v. AZUv. also SPAIYI, NI-,
Sioux or Cree v. ASINA.;
KUTENAI KUMONUI, SAIYI, NAPI
* AlAI here rhymes with English
"my-ye-". "sigh-ye-".
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177
­
•
s
-S-
hislher b. & c.; nisa voc; nisix =my brothers
& c. (Sometimes this word is pronounced with a glottal stop in front of the S: -+S-.)
=elder brother, cousin, uncle, son-in-law; nlsa =my b. & c.; usi
sA. = no, not, welL.; SAI-, SAW- = not; SAWAT- = no more; Sa-ahsi-wa = Sarcee(s); Saahsikoan = Sarcee man;
Sa-ahsi-'sakitaki coL = Stonies v. ASAK, AHS, INI
SAAMi in.
"medicine", drug, war bonnet, medicine hat, magic, medicine for curing; nisaami = my war bonnet
&c.; azkimiisaami horn war bonnet; okamipuyisaami = war bonnet with a tail v. NIPUYI; nitaiSAAMI
(aiSAAMIw) = to wear a war bonnet
SAHK- = short: SAHKSIw an., SAHKIw in. = to be short; sahkumapi-w = boy; osahkumapisini col.,
apozkfna-sahkumapi = cowboy; sahkfna-w = a married man; asahkfna-w = a young married man;
sahkot6ahsim an. pI. -mix = sock (ATOAHSIM = stocking); nitsahxikinaki =I have short legs; nitsahxikinisz
I have short arms.
SAHP-
= weak (in health etc.); SAHPSlw an., SAHPIw in. = is weak
SAHXZ- = light (not heavy): SAHXZlm an., SAHXZlw in. = to be light
= out, out on the prairie, out in the field (in baseball) v. SAW
SAI-, SAW- etc.
SAITAMI-
=to breathe:
nit(ai)SAITAM(i); ihtaisaitami6pi =lung
SAIYA, SAIyA.Iwa = goose; osaiaisina col.; Saiyaix ozitautohpi = March
SAIYI- (SAI-) = wild, savage, rabid, mad; Saiyi-w = a Cree; Saiyikoan = a Cree man; Saiyapikoan = a Cree metis;
aiSAIY AIPUYI = to speak Cree; Saiyapakaitapisko = Babb; aisaiyahkomi = domestic bull v. KOMI;
SAIY AIPIZI- = to tell lies: nitSAIYAIPUZI, nitSAIYAIPIZKOHTOAw,
; SAIYAIZIKO
= to rattle: nitaiSAIZIKO, (ai)SAIZIKOw); saiyaizfxixi ::.:: oak tree; SAIYAIZlKAPIXI = to rattle, ring:
nitaiSAI(YAI)ZIKAPIXISTAKI, nitaiSAIZIKAPIXISTAw, nitaiSAIZIKAPIXlhp v. APIXI;
sai(yai)zikihtan(i) & saizikihtan(i) an. = a bell
SAKAKIMMA
sak- )
=to love, esteem:
_ _ _ _ _ _ , nitaiSAKAKIMMAw, _ _ _ _ _ _ . (cf. Cree & Obj.
SAKI- = yet, still; Sakyawzisi = Still Smoking, p.n.
SAKO = to hail (weather): aiSAKOw = it's hailing.
SAKO-, SAKOI-
last; Sak6ikakat6si
Last Star p.n.; sak60hzi
last, later on, afterwards
SAKUZI v. AKUZI
SAM-
=a long time; aiSAMOw = it's a long time; aisamoi =long ago; SAMISI
(aiSAMISIw)
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178
to take a long time: nitaiSAMIS'
SAMI
to hunt: nitSAM' & nitaiSAM', nitaiSAMATAw,
sami-w == a hunter;
== to seek, look for:
, nitAPAISAMAw, nitAPAISAZIhp
APAISAM
SAP­ ::: complete(ly):
SA.PANISZIm an., SA.PANISZAw in. to be complete v. ANISZI.;
SAPISTO == to
satisfy, complete: nitaiSAPANISZI, nitaiSAPANISTOTOAw,
SAPAZISTO == to
prepare: _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ , nitSAPA.ZISTOZlhp.
SAP-
=in, into; mazitsapizipaz it is empty; there's nothing in it.; isap6zis? == stuffed entrails, "Crow
guts" (after a popular but improbable etymology from ISAPO + UZI.);
SAPIHTA ::: to put in:
nitaiSAPIHTAKI, nitaiSAPIHZAw, nitaiSAPOHTOhp.;
SAPOTO to put in:
_ _ _ _ _ _ , nitSAPOTOHP;
SAPO == to follow (in the tracks of): nitSAPO, nitSAPATAw,
.; SAPAPIXI == to throw into, to play basketball (often adding
pokun):
nitSAPAPIXISTAKI; sapapixistaxin (pokun) == basketball;
SAPIXIKAI == to follow, step
in the tracks of; v. XIKAI.;
SAPASUYINA = to pour into; v. SUYI.
SAPAKOT- = folded; sapakot-sinaxin = book.;
sapakohtohp
multiplied by
SAPI == to look at, look for, read: nitSAP' & nitaiSAP', nitaiSAMAw, nitaiSAZlhp; (v. SAMI);
sapit, sazit,
sa+ (imperative forms: look!); nits a' = I see (slang). (It may be that this verb blends two roots: SAMI and
NAPI, q.v.);
isapiazis & 'sapiazis in. == mirror, looking-glass, telescope, field glasses pI. -azisz.;
ihtaisapiop X-ray;
nftSAMOko == I am
iht6kam6tsapi6pi == telescope (v. MOHT- & MOKAM-).;
nosazix == my glasses
X-rayed.;
ihtaisapiskiohs6pi = washbasin (refL an.; v. MOHT-, SKI).;
NApISZI- blind (to be): nizAPISZI (NApISZIw
(spectacles, eye-glasses);
sapsini == eye-sight;
& APISZIw);
APSAPI == to look about, seek;
NA.PISZAKI == to close the eyes:
nizAPISZA.KI;
APSAZI to look for, seek: nitAPSAZI, nitAPSAMAw, nitAPSAZIhp.
SAPIKI- (cf. SAP-) sapfkiohsazis = finger-ring (reft. an.);
sapikakiazis in. =stirrup;
SAPIKINA == to
button: niUiiSAPIKINAMA,
,nilliiSAPIKINIhp.;
sapfkinamazis in. = a button, stick
sapfmman in. ::: hood; pI. -nisz.
for joining tipi front; pI. -mazisz.;
SAPOP in. = plume;
sapapistazis an.
spear.
SASKINA ::: to cough: nitaiSASKIN(A), _ _ _ __
cold.
SAT- == beyond, west, beyond the Divide;
sat6hzi
beyond;
saskfnani in. = cough, bad
Sata p.n.; Sataki p.n.
SAISKAPI = to crawl out; v. KAPI.;
SAIZI = to spread
SAW- (SAI-) = out; saw6hzi::: outside v. SAI-;
, nitSAWTOAw, nftSAWZlhp (&
out: nitaiSAIZIZAw.;
SAWTO = to take off or out:
SAWOTO: nitSAWOTOAw, nitSAWOZIhp);
nitSAWOTOMOAw = I scalp him (may add otokani).
SAWUMIZI == evil, treacherous;
Sawumizi-kfsum
February; also means "unreliable".
SAXI == to go out, leave, depart: nftSAX'.
SIK- (SIXI-) == black;
SIXINA to be black: nitSIXINA (SfXINAm3 p. an., SIxINAZlw 3 p. in.);
Sixikai,
Sixikaw == Blackfoot col. v. KA;
Sixikaikoan = a Blackfoot man;
Sixikaizitapi == Blackfeet
lndian(s);
sikai == buzzard, vulture, cigar;
sixinik6k
cedar;
sixinokuyi in.
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•
juniper.;
aisixikimi == coffee v. KIMI.;
sikap- =gray v. NAPI: SIKApSIw an., aiSIKAPIw in. =to
be gray.;
Sikapikoan African-American;
sikimf black horse or other animal;
sikim- =stingy,
selfish;
SIKIMI = to be stingy (with or to):
nitSIKIMITAKI,nitSIKIMIMMAw,
nitSIKIMIZIhp;
sikiminfyani =kingbird v. MINI.;
sik6hkot6ki =coal v. OHKOTOK.;
slkskim
= black rock v. KIM!.; msikli in. == charcoal, black paint; sfkohkos an. == frying pan v.
KOS.;
sik6mahxini in. = prune v. OMAHK-, MINI.;
sfkihzis6(wa) moose (black going in; v.
SZISO); pl. -soix.; sikihzis6istamik = bull moose v. STAMIK.;
isik6tokani =junco v. OTOKAN.
SIKANI in.
bed, quilt, blanket; pI. sikanisz == beds, bedding.;
nitaiSIKIAKI, nitaiSIKIAw, nitaiSIKlhp.
sikanihkoi = cotton;
SIKI
to cover:
sikaipit =stop! imp.;
SIKUPI
SIKO =to stop, break (off): nftSIK' (aiSIKOwa), nitaiSIKAw, nitaiSIKIhp.;
=to rest (v. UPI): nftSIKUPI.; Sikatoixiszik6' + Monday (Sunday's over.); aisikotuyi-w = mule
deer, blacktail deer v. -ATUYI (breaks its tail)
IKOKINI in.
= birch; pl. -fnisz.
SIKOSI = to melt: nitaiSIKOSI, _ _ _ _ _ , nftSIKOZIhp.
SIMI-
SIMIAP- = secretive: nitaiSIMIAPSi v. an.;
SIMISI- == to be sly:
= secretly;
___________
, nitaiSIMIMMAw,
SIMIMMA
=
to
backbite,
gossip,
slander:
nftSIMISI. ;
_ _ _ _ _ .,
SIMA=toforbid:
,nitaiSIMAw.
.,
SIMOZI
to warn each other recip.
ihtaisimiopi
SIMI = to drink: nitaiSIM', nitaiSIMATAw, nitaiSIMATOhp;
drink, pop; v. IKIN-;
simaipizi-w = drunkard, alcoholic.
SINA
= cup.;
ikinaisim'sin
soft
= to write, draw, take photos; refl. to sign one's name, to vote: nitaiSINAKI, nitaiSINAw,
nitaiSINAlhp.;
nitaiSINAmoaw = I write to him/her.;
ihtaisinakiopi in. = pencil,
camera;
aikamistapohtum sinaxizi = computer;
nitohtaisinakiopi = my pencil,
camera;
mixkimiohtaisinakiopi = pen v. MIK-, SKIM.;
ihtaixistliisinaiopi = camera v.
XIST.;
sinaxin = writing picture, mail, document; sinaxisz pI.;
spfksinaxin in. = book; v.
SPIK-;
sapakot-sinaxin = book v. SAP-.;
simixin-itotaki6pi = post office v. MATO.;
aisinakiohpi
= television;
ohkotok-sinaxin & itaisiksinakiopi = blackboard v. SIK- & OHKOTOK;
nisit6i-sina
== five dollars;
kipoi-sin = ten dollars;
nazipoi-sina = twenty dollars;
itaisinakiopi = desk
SINATAP- = (to be) in trouble: nitaiSINATAPS(i).;
nitaiSINATAPIZIHT'; v. MIZIHTA.
SINATAPIZIHTA = to be troubled in mind, distressed:
SlNOPA-w = (kit) fix
SIP-
= water (cf. sipi in Obj., Virginian etc. e.g. Mississippi);
-sipowazi = clear, transparent;
sipow::lzikimi
in. = clear waterlliquid;
sipowaistoko =clear night;
IPSI- =to wet dampen, moisten (metathesis?):
nitaiIPS' & niziPS'.
SIPI- =at night (cf. Obj. tipik, Cree tipisk).;
nitaiSIPIAPO.; sfpisto-w ==
SIPIAPO = to go about at night:
owl v. PISTO.
SIPIA in.
Seville (Flats) «Engl.<Spanish).
Page 180
-SISa ::::: younger brother, sister, cousin, nephew, niece (of a female); pI. -sisix;
ohsisi ::::: her b. etc.; pI. ohsisix
SISAKspotted, dappled: SISAXINAm v. an.;
face;
sasakomi::::: trout v. -KOMI
sasa-
= speckled,
nisfsa ::::: my b. etc.; pI. nisfsix;
freckled:
sasaski
= freckled
SISAPOK- ::::: through; sisap6xinako' = is transparent v. NANO
SISOYAZI ::::: scissors «Engl. <Latin)
= (to be) tired:
SISZI-
siszik-::::: tired (of)
nftSISZIko & nitaiSISZIko pass.;
SISZIw =(small) bird; pI. siszix; p6ksiszi-w::::: sparrow or general term for small birds;
otahkuisiszi =canary,
goldfinch;
ozkuisiszf bluebird;
apinakoisiszf = junco, snowbird v. POK-, OTAHKUI-, OZKUI-,
APINAKO.
-SISZIN-
=hoof, toe;
omahksiszin::::: caribou, reindeer v. OMAHK-.
SITOK- ::::: between, through, in the middle (of);
sit6kohzi
KITA;
kaiexi-sitoko = through a gap or canyon
= between, in the middle;
sitokftan ::::: pie v.
-SIXI (-XI-) ::::: tree, stick: -sixim an., -sixiw in.;
6mahksixim = log;
apaxixtohksiw an.; apaxixtohkiw in.
= flat (in. ::::: lumber, board);
asfzixim an. aspen, cottonwood v. AS-;
asizixsko in. ::::: aspen!
cottonwood grove;
saiyaizixixi::::: oak tree;
xis'xtaki::::: beaver (wood-biter) v. SIXTA; xis'xtaki-oyis
in. ::::: beaver-lodge; xis'xtaki-6kiaxin = beaver dam; pI. -sisz;
siksixi in. =willow v. SIK;
siksakapansi
::::: swallow;
pahpaks'xisi(w) woodpecker v. PAHP­
-SIXKA (-S'XKA) ::::: number, order (in a row), grade (as in school) v. IXT-, OXTAKI;
nitoxka-sixka
number one v. NI-;
aiitawaniw nisit6i-sixka =he!she is in the fifth grade; v. ANI, NISO.
SIXTA ::::: to bite: nitaiSIXTAKI, nitaiSIXIPAw, nitaiSIXZIhp
SIZII in. = smoke, fog:
aiSIZIw =it is smoky, emits smoke;
SIZINAZlw::::: it is foggy.
SIZIPSA =to speak, talk to: nitaiSIZIPS(i) & nitaiSIZIPSAKI, nitaiSIZIPSATAw, nitaiSIZIPSATOhp (intransitive
also means "to read").
SKI = to leave (behind): nitSKI, nitSKITAw, nitSKIhp
-SKI
= face namski (miimski) = lizard, homed toad (twisted face);
ninamskan = shaman;
misinski =
badger (striped face);
irnitaiski = dog-face (term of insult);
makski ::::: ugly (face);
kokski :::::
antelope
(corner
face);
SAPSKI
=
to
slap;
SINAWISKI
=
to
Sinawiskitaki(omahk)at6ixiszikoiat6si :::::
kiss;
Sinawfskitaki(omahk)at6ixiszik6 ::::: New Year;
January
SKIM (SKINIw) ::::: cow, mare, girl (often used as a feminine suffix)e.g.;
-SKIM
=rock, stone cf. -KIMI
Page
b
181
ponokai-skim = cow elk
---------------------------------------SKINA = dark:
aiSKINAZIw = it is dark.;
kainaiskina-w
mouse; 6mahxikainaiskina-w
rat;
isxina-w = bug, insect, worm (also iszina-w);
pixixina-w = snake v. PIXI
SKIZA =to scare, frighten: _ _ _ _ _ _ , nitaiSKIZAw,
SKIZIMMA =to win, defeat,
surpass, excel, transcend:
,nitSKIZiMMAw (SKIZIMMlw), nitSKIZTOhp (SKIZTOm)
SKO =to go back, return: nltSKO & nitaiSKO;
nitaiSKATAw =I return for;
(i)sk6hzi =back, behind,
last;
aiskatopi = corn, maize (we went back for it).;
SKOMAHKA = to run back v.
OMAHKA;
SKOTO = to take back v. MATO;
SKOTAHKAII = to go back homey.
AHKAII;
skotahkyapomahka-w = he runs back home, makes a home-run (as in
baseball);
NAMIKSKAPIXI = to twist v. NAMI, APIXI;
SKOXKASI = to run backv.
KASI;
SK'SAPI =to look back v. SAPI;
skini- = the back (of the body)
SKONATAP- (iSKONATAP-)
SKONATAPlw v. in.)
= strong, hard-working, useful: nitS KONATAPS , v. (SKONATAPSIw v. an.,
-SKUN- (-SKAN-) =younger brother, sister, cousin, nephew niece (of a male); pI. -skaix; niskana =my b. etc.;
uskani = his b. etc.; uskawai = their b. etc.; niskani voc.;
niskunix (Napi's name for all the animals);
nitskunitamix = my pets.
SKUNAKA = to shoot: nftSKUNAKI, nitSKUNAKATAw, nitSKUNAKAZlhp
SOAPITAN in. = fringe(s)
SOAZIS
tail feathers (especially of the eagle)
SOKAP- = good, well, fine, OK:
nitSOKAPS' v. (SOKA.PSlw v. an., SOKA.Plw v. in.);
sokapi = good!
m<itsokapi no good;
sakakap- = excellent;'
SAKAKAKIMMA
thanks!, OK (reply: iksokapL);
= love v. SAKAKAKIMA, SAKAKIMMA, AKOMI;
SOKAPISTO = to arrange or prepare well v.
TOT;
SOKAPSXINO = to know well v. NANO
SOKAT SOKI-
= again and again, repeatedly
=prairie, out on the prairie, in the country;
KASI;
Sokitapi
nitSAKAPO v. APO
SOMI
= to strip, undress:
saukyi in. =prairie;
soki-awakasi =antelope v. AWA,
the Blackfeet (of all tribes)v. MATAPI;
SAKAPO = to go out on the prairie:
nitaiSOMINI, nitaiSOMIZIAw, _ _ _ _ _ _ ; nitaiSOMIZlohsi refl.
SOD an. =war-party; pI. sooiix =warriors;
PASKA
SOPOAHZIS
nftSOO = I go to war, or on a raid.;
soo-paska = war dance v.
to ask, inquire (after): nitSOPOAHZISI, nitaiSOPOAHZISATAw, _ _ _ __
SOPOK- = whole: SOPOKSlw v. an., SOOKlw v. in.;
SOpOXl an.
a dollar: nitsop6xi = one
dollar;
nitsopoxIHZAw an. = costs one dollar; nitsopoxIHTOhp in. costs one dollar v. -HTA­
SOPU
= to blow, be windy: aiSOPU-w
= it's
windy;
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182
aisikSOPU-w = it's blowing a chinook v.
SIK-;
NANO;
minSOPUhs ::: it must
sawumai-SOPUiinakus subj.
not blow!;
before it dawns.
SOTA ::: to rain: aiSOTA-w::: it's raining;
sotaii in.
rain;
SOTAMI ::: to stay out in the rain
aiSOPUfinako(w):::
rain, a shower;
it
dawns
v.
omatapsota-w ::: it's starting to
SOTAM- (-S'TAM-) ::: just, now, immediately, then. soon, later on, have to, must (emphatic particle).
SOXI- ::: beautiful, handsome;
Ill.;
SOXINA to beautify, to be beautiful, handsome: SOXINAm an., SOXINAZIw
SOXXINA::: to paint the face: nitaiSOXXI (my own face), nitaiSOXXINAw (his/her face),
SPA.IYE- (SPA.IYI-) ::: Spanish, Mexican, Hispanic «Spanish); Spaiyekoan & Spaiyikoan ::: Spaniard, Mexican,
Hispanic;
SpAIYAIPUYI ::: to speak Spanish: nitruSpAIY AIPUYI;
Spaiyawahsina ::: Spain,
Mexico, Spanish land v. AWA;
Spaiyistpistoipaskan(i) ::: Spanish Owl Dance v. PASKA, PISTO,
SIPI;
spaiyainokawrnita-w ::: a Spanish horse v. PONOKA
SPAZIK6' in. ::: sand, sandy area, sand dunes or hills v. SKO;
Saskatchewan, adobe of the dead); spaziko' itapo (kimitaps)
Omahkspaziko'::: the Sand Hills (in western
he/she is dead (poor thing!) (euphemism)
SPI- ::: head, hair, top, shoulder Kaiispa col. ::: Sioux (roaches?) v. KAII;
Kotokspi(tapi) col. ::: Flatheads,
Salish people; Kotokspitapikoan ::: a Flathead
SPI-
high, tall; spfw v. an. & in.;
Spfim v. in.; SPITAw v. an. (persons); SPIMlw v. an. (animals); SPIXfm
v. an. (trees); SPlxfw v. in. (trees);
spohzi ::: above, on high, in the sky (also spohzim);
spistuki :::
high mountain, peak v. MISTAKI;
spurn, spumohzi ::: sky, in the sky
Omahk-spum :::
Montana;
Spurnitapi::: God::: Natoyitapi-spumapi;
spiapioyis::: tower v. MOYIS, NAPI;
Spizii
=Highwood, Bitterroot country; SPIHZI =to rise, soar, be on high v. IHZI; SPINA =to lift v. INA
SPIK- ::: thick, dense: SpfXlw v. an., SPIKlw v. in.;
in. ::: book v. SINA;
-SPINI = jaw, cheek
spiksko::: timber, Little Badger v. SKO;
spikapoxiniman in. ::: roof
apspini ::: goose v. NAPI;
spiksinaxin
mozzipina::: jaw, cheek (someone's); nozzfpina::: my jaw,
cheek
SPISTOKIN ::: to blaze; aiSPISTOKINIZlw::: it blazes up.
SPOHPI ::: to bounce: nitSPOHPI v. PI, SPI
SPOPU ::: turtle
SPUMO .= to help: nitaiSPUMAKI, nitaiSPUMOAw, _ _ _ __
STA ::: to think, wish, hope? like: nitruST', nitliiSTATAw, nitaiSTATOhp (ai often blurred
to sound like U in
English "but" Cf., STA below.); nizfkST', nitaiohST', nitaiximST', nixfST' (common ways to say "I think,
wish" incorporating IK, NOHK, XIM, q.v.);
XIMISTA to think (of): nitaiXIM'ST' & nitaiXIMIST(a),
NOHKSTA::: to wish
nitruXIMISTATAw, nitaiXIMISTATOhp;
ximistani in. ::: a thought; wish;
etc.:nitruOHST(a) (3rd p. NOHKSTA.w)
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183
STA
= suck:
nitaiST', nitaiSTATAw, nitaiSTATOhp (ai often sounds like U in English "but". This makes it hard
to distinguish the two roots STA.);
SINISTA = to lick, kiss v. SINI;
SIXTA = to bite v.
SIXTA;
ISTAHK = to suckle, nurse cf. -XIST- (mother);
KAHXIS'XTA (X Z?)
saw:
nitaiKAHXISZTAKI, nitaiKAHXISZIMMAw, nitaiKAHXISZTOhp;
ihtaikahxisztakiopi = a saw v.
MOHT­
STA+Aw (STAAw) == ghost, will-o' -the-wisp (usually implies a malevolent ghost)
col.;
sawumizista'+aw evil spirit
STAAP-
=lazy:
ozistawosina
nitST AAPS(i) v.
STAHT - (iSTAHT-) = under, underneath! under the water;
in. == underwear, undershirt, underskirt
istahzi = under(neath);
stahtopai pisokasimi
STAMIK(a) = bull, buck, steer, ram; pI. stamix & stamikix (Cf. Obj. atik) v. SUYI-;
stamixikoan == buffalo
stahzistamik == mammoth?, mastodon?, p.n. Under Bull v.
bull calf;
awatuyistamika = stag, buck;
STAHT­
STATAXI
=to cleave, rend, split:
STAUT (STAWT)
nitaiSTATOxAKI, _ _ _ _ _ _ , nitaiSTATAxIhp
= to insert, stick into, inject:
_ _ _ _ _ _ , nitaiSTAUTOAw, nitaiSTAUZlhp
STAWAp- == lucky; nitSTAWAps' v.
STAZ- == to stink, smell bad:
ik-STAZ-imo'-w it stinks (a lot) v. IK, AMA;
nitaiSTAZKASI v. KASI;
APASTAZKASI == to flirt v. APO
-STO- == body, person; mostum(i) == somebody's body;
her/it;. kaxistumiw == is naked (just a body).
nist6wa
STAZKASI == to show off:
I, me; kist6wa = you; ust6i == he/shelhiml
-STOKI == ear
STOKI = to knock, beat: nitaiSTOKIAKI, nitaiSTOKIAw, nitaiSTOKIhp;
awrustaxin an. == crucifix; pI.
-xix;
STOKIMA == to drum: nitaiSTOKIM';
ist6kimazis in. drum, tom-tom
-STOXI-
face: mostoxis in. == face (someone's);
Matapi-ostoxis-istaki
Going to the Sun Mountain
(i)STUYIw =it's cold (of weather).;
aistuyiw =ice cream;
(i)stuim(i), stuwimi
STU- (STUYI-) =cold;
(i)stuyis(i) in the winter subj.;
6mahkaistuyf == all
and stuyimi an. =winter (stuim- an., stuyi- in.);
winter long; Statosi:-w an. == November;
srusopu-w a cold wind (blows) v. SOPU;
stusi =the common
cold;
za aniszistufmiw = how old is he/she?
za kitaniszi-stuimihpa = how old are
you?;
STUYIMI = to pass the winter:
nftSTUYIMI;
Stomahkat6ixisziko ==
Christman;
Stomahkat6ixiszikat6si =December;
AhsiStomahkat6ixiszik6' == Merry Christmas. v.
OMAHK, NATO, XISZIKO;
STOSIM & STOSlw = is cold an.; STUYIw in. (of weather, places,
things),
STOKIMIwin. (of liquids) v. -KIMI;
ihtaistuyimiopi an. thennometer;
(i)stuyisiszi-w
= snow bunting, Alaska longspur v. SISZI;
Katayaistuyiwa California v. KAT-;
STUNO == t<; fear, dread:
, nitSTUNOAw, nitSTUNlhp;
-srunatap- dreadful, awesome:
nitSTUNATAPS' v. (ST1.JNATAPSlw an., STUNATAPIw in.);
stunatapi == a danger, wonder
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184
STUYISI = to be ashamed: nitaiSTUYISI
SUIOPOK in.
= leaf; pI. -kisz;
-KIMI;
Anawozftaisaisui6poxkohpi in.
sui6poksko
= May
SUMOSI = to go for water, get water, dip water: nitaiSUMOS';
col.;
aisui6poxikimi
ihtaisumosopi an.
tn.
=
tea
v.
bucket v. MOHT­
SUYI- (SUI-, SUWI-)
water v. SIP-;
is06hzi = on the shore, near the fire or water;
(SAP)ASUYINA
SOD = to go into the
to pour into:
, nitaiSAPASUYINlhp v. SAP-;
water: nitaiSOO; Suia
Wades-in-the-Water p.n.;
Suyapikoan = Englishman v. NAPI,
KOAN;
SUIAIHZI = to float: SUIAIHZIw = it flats v. IHZI;
SUIAPIXI = to throw into the water
v. APIXI;
suyai-stamik water bull (ammoth or mastodon? cf. STAHT-, STAMIK);
suiahkyaiyo(a)
= water-bear (other fabulous monsters);
suyfnokamita-w = water-horsy (other fabulous
monsters);
suyfnfman in. = fringe;
SUYIISTAII = to dive into the water:
nitSUYIISTAII;
AKOHSUYI = to boil:
awAKOHSUYlw = it is boiling
SXINO = to know (a compound ofNANO, q.v.); _ _ _ _ _ _ , nitSXINOAw, nitSXINlhp;
AISXINO =
to remember, learn;
AISXINAIMAZ to teach: nitAISXINAIMAzTAKI, nitAISXINAIMAZAw,
itaisxinaimaztakiopi & itaisxinaimaz6zpi
school;
aisxinaimatztakiw
aisxinaimazaw = pupil, student (passive
teacher;
Kakatosi-itaisxinaimaztakiopi = Starr School;
form);
aisxinaimazixin = lesson;
SAWAZXINO (SAWATSXINO) to forget:
nitaiSAWATSXINOAw, nitaiSAWATSXINlhp
SZIKI = other, another, next:
matszfki & matszfka =other;
= some ... others;
szfki = give me some more!
SZISO
to go to town, go in (into the woods);
moose v. SIK-
szfkisz
sometimes; szfkix ... szfkix (or anfx)
(i)szis6hzi =in town or in the woods v. IST-;
Page
185
sfkihzis6-w
•
T
TAHSINI = Kinnikinnik;
TAKA.
kakahsin =Indian tobacco, kinnikinnik, larb, bear berry = who?
whom? (occasionally a relative but mostly an interrogative);
because; taka' ohk6i 6tasaiye = whose son's horse is it? v. KOS, OTAS
TAP-, TAPOHZI
-TUN-
twa =
= over on the other side
TAZIK- = center, middle, in the middle;
tazikahzi = in the middle;
noon. v. XISZIKO;
tazikxistokoi = midnight v. KOKO;
INI;
Itffihtazikaszimiwpi =Wednesday v. ASZINA
-TOT-
takaz =who is?;
(ai)tazikaixisziko-w (-koi) = it is
Itaihtazikyfnikiopi = Tuesday v.
= to make, create, do, make, obey, mind:
nitawANISZI, nita.wANISTOTOAw,
nita.wANISTOhp;
APISTOTAKI = to create, arrange, fix (cf. Cree totam: does.)
=daughter:
nituna = my d.; oruni = his d.; nhuni'voc.
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186
u
UKI = to close, shut: nitaiUKIAKI, nitUKIAw, nitUKIhp;
6kimazis & ukimazis == a lock
UNIKI == milk; nuniki = my m. (a female speaking); niruniki = my m. (as in a glass, cup);
unikis, uniki
breast; Uhikisz (Teton, a butte near Choteau, Grand Tetons);
(i)stuniki = milk shake v.
STUYI;
unikiawhpomi in. cheese v. POMIS;
UNIKI-sisahtai == Milk River v.
NIETAHTA;
unistahs, unista calf (confused sometimes with ONISTA)
UNOZI == to be hungry (for): nitUNOZ', nitaUNOZ' & niziNOZ' (often with IK-: nizikUNOZ') (sometimes used
with sexual implications)
UPI
=to sit:
nitUPI Cf. Fox upi. (often withAW & IT: nitaUPI, nizitaUPI);
(a)s6pazis == chair:
msopazis
nmaI-SOpaZIS rocking chair v. NINA;
AMIAUPI (notas) == to mount (my horse) v.
AMI;
ITAUPI ::: to live, dwell (there) v. IT-;
OHKITUPI = to ride, sit on top of, perch, alight:
nitOHKITUPI v. IKIT;
SIKUPI to rest v. SIKO
== my c.;
UPSPI (APSPI) =eye: moupspi an. = eye; noupspa = my eye; oupspi
=glasses, spectacles v. SAPI; apa-oupspi =huckleberry
his/her eye v. NAPI;
oupspinazis an.
UXIN = bed (standing); pI. uxisz; nit6xin = my bed
UYI (UI-, 01-) = to eat: nitUYI (nitUI, nitOI), nitawATAw, nitawATOhp;
awawahsin in. =
food;
nitapawahsin = meat, Indian food v. NI-;
xistapawahsin = grain foods, vegetables v.
XIST;
ihtazikiawahsin = dinner, noon meal v. TAZIK-;
xiskayawahsin =
breakfast;
nlziXKANYOYI = I have breakfast.;
itaisoyopi & it6hkizoyopi = table v.
IKIT;
itawyopi in. = restaurant, dining-room;
ihtawyopi an. == fork;
it6hkanoyopi = hotel v.
KAN, OKA;
nitawkoyi & nikawkui = I've eaten my fill.;
mawyi = mouth; nawyi == my
mouth;
awazis = chewing gum
UZI in.
intestines, guts, entrails;
UZINA (AZINA) = to be fat, stout, paunchy: nitaUZIN'
(aUZINAw);
Uzina-w & Azina-w sing. & col. = Gros Ventre(s);
Azinaisiszf = bobolink (says
"Azina"; or perhaps confused with ASINA, q.v.);
(i)sapouzi stuffed entrails (popularly called "Crow
guts", a kind of sausage)
d
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x
XAHKUMa (KRAHKUM) an. = earth, world, land; XAHKO, -oi (KRAHKO-. -oi) in. = land (an amount
awatohpi-w xahkum
of);
awahsini =country, land v. AWA; also: awahko; nitawahsini =my country.;
= there's an earthquake.; xfstapixahkum = a desert v. XIST; Sixikai-xahko' = the Blackfeet
Reservation v. SIK, KA;
okoes-xahko =reservation, communal land v. OKO;
xahkumi-izfo =in
the ground;
kawahko in. =coulee;
aki-xahko (-oi) =bluff, cutbank;
XASXIMOKgrass;
XIK-
green (bright green): XASXIMOKAm v. an., XASXIMOK(OIN)AZIw v. in.;
Aniozitaixasxfmokohpi in. April
xasximoko
= white:
XIXINAm v. an., XIXINAZIw v. in.;
xikihkfni & xixihkini (pftaw) bald eagle, thunderbird
v. KINI, PITA;
xikumahkaii = white swan v. KAII;
xikap- = clean, white: KIKApSlw v. an.,
XIXISTOTO to clean:
,nitaiXIXISTOTOAw, nitaiXIXISTOZlhp
XIKAplw v. in.;
v; TOT-;
xixisokasim(i) =Anglican (White Robe).
XIKAI
= to walk:
nitaiXlKAI & nitaiXIKOI;
APIXIKAI = to take a walk v. APO
XIMAT- = happy:
nitaiXIMAZITAKI, nitaiXIMAZIMAw, nitaiXIMAZIZIhp = to be glad, rejoice, greet,
thank (for), be pleased (with). shake hands (with);
kizfXIMAZIMo CkizfXIMAZIMMo) I thank you,
nitaiXIMAZINOAw =
greet you, shake hands with you.;
nizfXIMAZIZlhp = I thank (you) for it.;
I'm glad to see him/her. v. NANO
XIMISTA (XIM'STA)
nitaiXIM'STATOhp;
XINAw (XINAAw)
XINI
to grunt:
to think v. STA: niUiiXIM'ST' & niXIM'STCA),
(The original form may be XIMIHTA.)
= coyote, bastard
aixini-w
pig, hog;
XIPUYINA
= to squeeze (v. INA):
(aiXIPUYINlm);
aixipuyinihpi in.
XISAP-
= down the river;
aixinioxisako & axinyosaki = bacon v. IXISAKO
~. .___.. _ __
, nitaiXIPUYINlhp
= sponge; pI. -pisz
XISAPO = to go down the riverv. APO
XISATA = to hide: nitaiXASI (XASIw), niUiiXISATAw, nitaiXISATOhp
XISAZIWA
= to be jealous (of):
nitaiXISAZIWA & nizXISAzIWA, nitaiXISAZIWATAw, _ _ _ __
XISI- (KRISI-) = nose: mohxisis = nose, beak (someone's); nohxisis =: my nose; ohxisfs = his/her
nose;
inohxisi-w = elephant v. INO;
ik-sahk-xisi-w = he/she is short-tempered (has a very short
nose; v. IK-, SAHK-).
XISI = sharp; to sharpen: ____~_____ ,___________ ,nitaiXISXlhp;
xisfis = thorn; pI.
XISllX;
xisfsko = thorn-bush;
suisxisi = mosquito, fly;
ixisiki =beargrass;
IXA,IXSA =to
stick, pierce, innoculate, vaccinate:
, nizlXSAw,
SXISI = to stick,
adhere: nixISXIXI;
moxis = awl; pI. moxix; noxfs my awl.
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XISKAKI
to touch: _ _ _ _ _ , nitaiXISKOAw, nWiiXISKAKIhp;
aixiskak6wa == piano
XISKAN- == morning, early v. XIK-, XISZIKO;
xiskany6toni (xiskafi6toni) in. = morning v.
ONI;
xiskany6tonisi subj. in the m.;
xiskanyawahsin in. breakfast v. UYI;
nfzIXKANYOI
(IXKANYOIw) = to eat breakfast
-XIST- (-KRIST-) = mother, aunt; nixfsta
mother; nizfxisf == I have a mother.
my m.; uxfszi = his/her m.;
nitoxiszi (ixfszi-w) = to have a
XIST- (KRIST-)
xistapi =
are random;
xistap- random, useless, false, unreal, not genuine;
something;
xfstapi & xist6hzi = at random, for nothing, in vain;
xistaw6hzi ==
opposite;
xistapiapikoan == German, Dutchman;
aiXISTAPIAPIAIPUYI == to speak German,
Dutch;
XISTAPO = to wander v. APO;
XISTOHKOTA = to give gratis, for free v.
KOTA;
XISTAPANI = to tell falsely v. ANI;
XISTU- (XISTUI-) = image (on film, T.V.
etc.);
aisaixist6(iaw) =theater, show, movies, television v. SINA
XISTAK- = across, over;
XISTO
= to promise:
XISTAKAPIXI = to throw across v. APIXI
nitaiXISTOI, niziXfSTOWATAw, _ _ _ _ __
XISTO- (KRISTO-) = hot:
XISTUYIx an. pl., XISTUXIsz in. pI.;
XISTUSI == to feel hot (of
persons);
ixiXISTUYIw in. = it is very hot v. IK-;
nitaiXISTOhsi refI. = I warm myself, have a
fever.;
XISTOSIm & XISTOSIw an., XISTUYlw in. (of weather, places things);
XISTOZISlw in.
(of weather);
XISTOKOMIw in. (of liquids) = is hot warm.;
xfstokfsokasim =:: shirt v.
ASO;
itaixistohsoy6pi = heating stone;
xisto-maxiskum = hot spring
-XISTUN-
throat, windpipe;
mohxistuna
someone' s throat
XISZI- (ISXISZI-) nitaiISXISZAKI =:: I do beadwork;
-manisz;
natoapixisziman = a rosary v. NATO­
isxfszaksin
= beadwork xisziman in. = a bead; pI.
XISZPAP- = easy: XIszpApSIw v. an., XIszpApIw v. in.
XISZIKO (KRISZIKO) (-KOI) in. == light, day, weather; pI. -koisz;
xiszik6i by day;
mazixiszik6i =
next day v. MAT-;
an6hk(a) xiszikoi == today v. ANO;
xiszik6si subj. = during the
day;
6mahkaixiszik6i == all day long v. OMAHK-;
-aiXISZIKO-w = it is day
(time).;
Xiszikoi-kakat6si
Venus (the planet) v. NATO;
zaniziwa xiszik6 = How's the
weather?;
Makapi-xiszik6' (It's) bad weather.;
ltami-xiszik6 = (It's) good weather. v. ZA, MAKAP,
XISZIKUMa (KRSZIKUMa) =:: thunder, n. & v.;
6hkomiw xiszikum (ipitaw) = it is
ITAM;
thundering (Thunderbird is singing) v. KOMI, PITA;
ihtaixiszikumiopi = clock,
watch;
xiszikumstazis & xiszikumistan(i) = window
-XOKO =friend, relative, kinsman; pI. nixok6wax; nfxok6wa =my f., nixok6ai & nixok6wa voc; oxokaoi = his/
her f.
-XUO (XUWO) = to walk: nitaiXUO (aiXUOw & aiXIUOw);
-XUAPO = to walk about v. APO;
=:: foot; xiitapi-w == pedestrian v. M.A.TAPI;
xuiohzfm = beneath
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-XI­
....~
It.
~--------------------------
--­
f
!
y
YESI
= to mourn, wail (for):
YISI
= to pick berries:
YOKI- (iYOKI-) curly;
YOSI
= to cook:
nitawYESI, nitawYIMMAw, _ _ _ _ __
nitawYISI
Y6kihkyaiyo
= Curly Bear p.n. v. KYAIYO
nitawYOSI, nitawYOSATAw, nitawYOSATOhp;
awyosi-w
= a cook;
itawyosopi
=
kitchen
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I
z
ZA (TA) = what, which, why, how?;
ZAiye v. ::;: what is ...? how is.... ? etc.;
zahtaw ::;: perhaps, what,
which, I wonder (how);
ZANlSZINAm am., ZANISZINAZIw in. ::;: what color is it? v.
MANIST-;
zaniszi ::;: when? (past); zaniszis ::;: when? (future);
zaniszim(i) ::;: how
much?;
zaniszima an., zaniszowa (-ui) in. ::;: how many?;
zanistapi (tantstapi) = what do you want?
how about it? what...?;
zanisziPIUOw ::;: how far is it? v. PI-;
zanistap-anisin ::;: what does (it)
mean? v. ANI;
zanistapsi-wa ::;: what is he/she like? of what sort is he/she? v. MANIST;
zaa
za kitaiAHSIMMAwa::;: which an. do you like?; za
(alternate for ZA, often used to express disbelief);
kiUiiAHSIZIhpa
which in. do you like?;
zaniszistuyimiw
how old is he/
she?;
za-kitaniszistuyimihpa::;: how old are you?;
zixia' ::;: which ones?;
zixia' kotasix which
horses (are yours)? v. OTAS;
zanizuyi kokuyi::;: how many nights? v. KOKO;
zaniziHZAwaz an.,
zanizOHTOhpaz in. ::;: what does (it) cost? v. HTA
ZAPANIKOAN ::;: a Japanese, a Chinese (load word <Japanese <Chinese + -KOAN)
ZIIHKASI ::;: to be proud (of): nitaiZIIHKASI, niZIIHKASATAw, _ _ _ _ _ . v. KASI
ZIKI ::;: little boy! sonny! voc. (has no plural).
ZIKAZI
ZIMA.
grasshopper
= where?
which?
-ZIMINAN
= arm;
ZIMOTA
to escape, flee, run away (from): nitawZIMOT', nitawZIMOTATAw, nitawZIMOTATOhp
mohziminan in. = (someonc's) arm; pI. -sz v. INAN, ZIS
ZIS- (ZI-) =to take a sweat bath: nitaihZI (aihZIw);
ZISKA to make a sweat-lodge: nitohZISK' (ihZISKAw)
v. KA;
(ih)ziskani::;: a sweat-lodge; pI. -kanisz
-ZIS- ::;: -hand, arm; nozis ::;: my hand; ozis
means "paw" and "fist".
ZKA in. ::;: which, which way, where?;
did he/she go? v. OT
hislher hand; moszfs
someone's hand; pI. mozisz;
nahzkaaiye::;: which, which way? v.;
-ZIS also
zka-iht6waz = which way
tLATHEAD COUNTY LIBRARY
KALISPELL, MONTANA
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