WS1
SDM: How to migrate from point‐to‐point transmission to full optical networking? Georgios Zervas
Periklis Petropoulos
Yoshinari Awaji
Hidehiko Takara
University of Bristol, UK
ORC, UK
NICT, Japan
NTT, Japan
Network Traffic Growth
Network traffic growth rate: 2 dB/year
R.-J. Essiambrie & R. W. Tkach, Proc. IEEE, pp. 1035-1055, 2012.1
… Moore’s Law for ever … ?
1E
1P
6T
x108
x107
Practical fibre limit 20-30 Tbit/s,
fibre @ 1 bit/Hz
x106
x105
x104
100 times
capacity increase
every 10 Years
10P
100T
60G
100 T
1+ T
600M
x103
x102
x10
x1
1T
15G
6M
Trunk
Metro
Access
Courtesy of Per O. Andersson
10G
155 M
64k
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
2040
Achieved Single Mode (Single-Core) Fiber Capacity
We are reaching the
capacity limit of single
mode fibers (C + L bands)
Transmission System
capacity (Tb/s)
1000
TDM Research
WDM Research
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
0.001
1980 1985
1990
1995
2000
Year
2005
2010
2015
2020
Rapid Progress of SDM
10 times increase in
transmission capacity
achieved with SDM in
couple of years
Courtesy of
Transmission System
capacity (Tb/s)
1000
100
TDM Research
WDM Research
SDM Research
10
1
0.1
0.01
R.-J. Essiambre and R. W. Tkach
0.001
1980 1985
1990
1995
2000
Year
2005
2010
2015
2020
Existing technologies: Fibers & Amplifiers
• Fibers
•
•
•
Multi-Core Fibers (7-core, 12-core, 19-core), Multi-Element Fibers (3-element, 7-element)
Few /Multi Mode Fibers
Vortex fibers (Orbital Angular Momentum) - N. Bozinovic, et.al, Th.3.C.6 ECOC2012
305 Tb/s
Sakaguchi et al., OFC 2012 PDP5C.1
•
1 Pb/s
H. Takara, et.al., PD, ECOC 2012 ,
Th.3.C.1,
Amplifiers
•
•
Multi-Core EDFAs
• 7-core has been commercialized
• Erbium-doped multi-element fiber (MEF) amplifiers
Few/Multi-Mode EDFA
S.Jain, et.al., Optics Letters, Vol.38(4)
,2013
Existing technologies: Tx/Rx
• Transceivers - Maintain advantages of SDM at the end point
•
Tx
•
Multi-core fiber DFB lasers (P.S. Westbrook, Vol 37 (19), Optics Letters, 2012)
•
Optical Vortex Emitters for OAMs
(Xinlun Cai et al.Science,Vol. 338, 363 (2012).)
•
•
Rx
•
•
•
…
Silicon Photonics Core-, Wavelength-,
and Polarization-Diversity Receiver
(C.R. Doerr, IEEE PTL, Vol. 23 (9), 2011)
…
Transceivers
•
Arrays of VSCELs and PD for Multi-core (4 Fiber – 6-Core/Fiber) (Lee et al., JLT, 30 (6), pp. 886-892, 2012 )
•
•
…
Applied for 1Tbps high density, low power I/Os for Supercomputers/ Data Centers (footprint is
very important)
Existing technologies: Mux/Demux
• Multiplexers/De-multiplexers (e.g. Core Mode Mux/demux)
•
•
•
Free-space Core mux/demux (7-core, 19-core)
Waveguide-based MCF mux-demux
…
W. Klaus et al.,
IEEE Summer
Topicals 2012,
WC3.3.
H. Takara, et.al., Th.3.C.1,
PostDeadline, ECOC 2012
Thomson et al. Optics Letters,
37(12), p2331 (2012)
Switching technologies for SDM networking
Switching
•
•
•
At core level using MCF-SMF
MUX/DEMUXes
At MCF level in conjunction with
Frequency switching
λ
Maintain MCF benefits at switching level - need to
do lots more
•
•
AoD Node
Any and as many spatial channel switching
New ROADM archs that address MCF and
scalability
λ
Core Core λ Mul$core MEMS cross‐connec$ons Fibre 1 1 1 2 PLZT
1 1 2 2 2 3 SDM
DEMUX
Mul$core Fibre 3 1 λ1λ2 1 SSS SP‐1 EDFA‐1 Spli9 er •
λ
1 4 SDM
MUX
SDM/FDM/TDM Switching and Networking
Using MCF and Mux/Demuxes
(Amaya, ECOC PDP 2012, OFC 2013)
7cores x (1x2) SDM-WSS , OFC PDP 2013f
How to migrate towards SDM networking and deliver bandwidth at minimum cost?
•
Deliver SDM devices/systems/functions across the network …
•
Deliver SDM nodes that scale and are flexible enough to support spatial dimensions in addition to frequency and ….
•
Deliver a control/management
system (e.g. SDN) that considers
•
•
•
•
SDM particularities (e.g.
crosstalk, mode coupling, selfhomodyne transmission, etc. )
…,
minimized complexity
aids migration
delivered at low cost !!!
Questions I
• What are/will be the key SDM benefits with regards to Multi‐Fiber networks?
• When and where (metro, backbone, data centers) will it make sense to deploy?
•
•
•
Cost
Space
Energy
High Performance
Computing
Data Centers
• If SDM, which technology has the best chances for Network deployment ?
•
•
•
•
Multi‐Core/Multi‐Element Fibers
Few/Multi‐Mode
Orbital Angular Momentum
…
Questions II
• Where will SDM appear first ?
•
•
Fiber‐poor Telco operators
Data Centers (Intra – Inter)
• What about SDM switching node scalability ?
•
Do the current ROADM architectures scale to support SDM?
•
E.g. 5‐degree node with 12‐core fibers requires 1x60 WSS • As capacity increase will we still need wavelength switching on every link/node ?
•
•
•
•
Metro/Aggregation with wavelength switching ?
Inner‐core network with Space switching ?
What are the benefits and challenges of SDM for network control and virtualization?
What would be the tipping‐point (e.g. Price) to SDM networks and when?
Workshop Agenda
15 mins / talk incl. questions
Session 1: 14:00 – 15:30 ‐ Chair: Periklis Petropoulos (ORC, UK)
1. Recent progress in SDM transmission technologies and perspectives for optical networking
Toshio Morioka, DTU (Denmark)
2. High capacity MCF transmission technology for future optical transport networks
Akihide Sano, NTT (Japan)
3. Key technologies and requirements for space division multiplexing (SDM) networks
Takehiro Tsuritani, KDDI (Japan)
4. Optical nodes for SDM networking: challenges and possible approaches
Norberto Amaya, University of Bristol (UK)
5.
Multi‐dimensional spatial‐spectral switching network nodes.
Dan Marom, The Hebrew University of Jerusalim, (Israel)
Workshop Agenda
15 mins / talk incl. questions
Session 2: 16:00 – 17:30 – Chair: Hidehiko Takara (NTT, Japan)
6. IBM SDN‐VE: Software Defined Networking for Virtual Environment
Rami Cohen, IBM (Israel)
7. Exploiting SDM benefits in optical networks.
Jun Sakaguchi, NICT (Japan)
8. SDM: What’s It Worth to You? – Scenarios for Price‐Points of Components of Multi‐Core Fiber Systems.
Steven Korotky, Alcatel‐Lucent (USA)
Panel Discussion @ 16:45 – Moderator: Yoshinari Awaji (NICT, Japan)
• WDM was a great success!
• From lab demonstration to commercial use in less than 10 years
• Is SDM going to repeat the WDM success story?
• When and where are we going to use it? • Why not Multi‐Fiber Networks ?
This workshop will discuss the following questions
•
Which is the most suitable SDM technology for networking? – Is it there one optimum technology for every domain (backbone, access, Data Centre) ?
•
What are the benefits and challenges of using SDM in networks?
•
How do the different SDM alternatives compare when considered for backbone, metro/access and HPC / data‐centre networking?