1. food and drink

How to export plantorigin food to the
European Union?
Ulan Bator, March 2013
Ines Escudero Sanchez
European Commission, DG Trade
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What requirements
need to fulfill my
carrots to enter the EU?
Export food to the EU
To export food to the EU you must ensure that you comply with the EU relevant legislations.
Some regulations applies to all types of food and other applies to specific food types or
conditions.
Before exporting to the EU check if the following legislations apply to your case:
Applying to all products (food & non-food):
• Product safety (Directive 2001/95/EC)
• Liability for defective products (Directive 85/374/EC)
• Packaging and packaging waste (Directive 64/62/EC)
Applying to all food products:
• General Food Law (Reg EC 178/2002) including Traceability
• Hygiene in food (Reg EC 852/2004, EC 853/2004 and EC 854/2004) including HAACP
• Contaminants in food (Reg EC 1881/2006)
• Microbiological contamination of food (Reg EC 2073/2005)
• Food contacts materials (Reg EC 1935/2004) for all materials. Specific regulations apply to
specific materials and substances
• Food labelling (Directive 2000/13/EC). Specific regulations apply to specific products.
• Food control (Reg EC 882/2004)
Applying to all food products (voluntary):
• Organic production and labelling (Reg EC 834/2007, EC 889/2008 and EC 1235/2008)
Export food to the EU
Applying to all animal-origin food products:
• Veterinary medicinal products (Reg EC 470/2009 and EC 2377/90) including the EU residues
list (CELEX 32011D0163)
Applying to all plant-origin food products:
• Maximum Residue levels of Pesticides (Reg EC 396/2005)
• Active substances used in pesticides (Reg EC 1107/2009)
• Plant health (Directive 2000/29/EC)
Applying to some food products:
• Marketing standards for fresh fruits and vegetables (Reg EC 1234/2007 and EC 1580/2007)
and for fresh bananas (CELEX 32011R1333)
• Marketing standards for seeds and plant propagating material (CELEX 32003D0017) Specific
regulations apply to specific seeds and plants.
• Marketing standards for fishery products (Reg EC 2406/1996)
• Additives, enzymes and flavorings in food (Reg EC 1333/2008, EC 1332/2008, EC
1334/2008 and directive 2000/13/EC)
• Quick-frozen food (Directive 89/108/EEC)
• Nutrition and health claims (Reg EC 1924/2006)
• Added vitamins and minerals to food (Reg 1925/2006)
• Food supplements: vitamins and minerals (Directive 2002/46/EC)
• Irradiation of food : ionising radiation (Directives 1999/2/EC and 1999/3/EC)
• Control of illegal fishing (CELEX 32008R1005) and CITES (Reg EC 338/97 and EC 865/2006)
• Genetically modified food (Reg 1829/2003 and 1830/2003)
• Novel food ( Reg EC 258/97)
Export food to the EU
Applying to specific food products:
• Statistical monitoring of trade in bigeye tuna and swordfish (CELEX 32003R1984)
• Maximum level of erucic acid in oils and fats (Directive 76/621/EEC)
• Honey (Directive 2002/99/EC, Decision 2011/163/EU, reg EC 1664/2004, EC 470/2009, EC
2377/90 and directive 2001/110/EC)
• Fruit juices (Directive 2001/112/EC)
• Fruit jams, jellies and marmalades (Directive 2001/113/EC)
• Sugars (Directive 2001/111/EC)
• Cocoa and chocolate (Directive 2000/36/EC)
• Coffee extracts (Directive 1999/4/EC)
• Infant formulae and follow-on formulae (Directive 2006/141/EC)
• Olive oil (Reg EEC 2568/91 and EC 1019/2002
• Wine (Reg EC 1234/2007, EC 606/2009, 607/2009 and EC 555/2008)
EU requirements for clothing
Health control
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higiene & traceability
food contaminants
pesticides
Plant health
Labelling
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Food labelling
Voluntary
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Organic
Private standards
Health control of
non-animal origin food
To export food to the EU you must ensure, above all, that it is safe
To achieve an acceptable level of food security, you must use good practices
Requirements:
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general rules on food hygiene and traceability
maximum contaminant levels in food
maximum levels of pesticides in food
maximum levels of radioactive contamination in food
general conditions relating to materials and articles in contact with food
Standards for genetically modified (GM) and novel food
general criteria for food preparation, including:
• list of authorized food additives and flavourings
• standards of food preparation and treatment
• nutritional standards
Control:
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Control check at the EU border
Systematic checks at all stages of the food chain
Control of contaminants
step-by-step
1. Does this regulation apply to your product?
Section
Substance
Food
1
nitrate
lettuce, spinach and baby food
2
mycotoxines
peanuts, nuts, dried fruits and products, cereals and cereal
products, infant formula milk, dietary foods, spices, fruit juices,
coffee products, wine, spirits, cider, apple products, food cereal for
infants and babies
3
Heavy metals
milk, meat, fish, cereals, vegetables, fruits and wine
4
3-MCPD
Hidrolysed vegatable proteins and soy sauce
5
dioxines and
dioxine-like PCBs
meat, fish, milk, eggs, oils and fats
6
PAHs
oils and fats, smoked meats, smoked fish, fish, crustaceans and
molluscs, infant foods
2. If so, which contaminants apply to your product?
3. Does your product fulfill the applicable limits?
Control of pesticides
step-by-step
1. What pesticides do you use?
2. Are your products covered by this regulation?
3. If they are, does your product meets the limits?
MRL Standard is 0.01 mg / kg and applies if no specific limit is set
MRL specific: most cases have a specific MRL set.
Temporary MRLs: set by the EU authorities in exceptional cases
Plant health control
step-by-step
1. Check if an EU restriction applies to your product
Annex
Product/Pest
Restriction
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Pests
Prohibited under any circumstances
II
Plants and plant-origin
products
Prohibited if it contains one of the mentioned pests
III
Plants and plant-origin
products
Prohibited if it comes from one of the countries
mentioned
IV
Plants and plant-origin
products
Permitted under the circumstances mentioned
V
Plants and plant-origin
products
A phytosanitary certificate required
2. Check if you need a phytosanitary certificate and request it to your
National Plant Protection Office
The NPPO in your country inspects and certifies that your product complies with the
EU Directive on plant health.
The certificate must be issued within 14 days before the date on which the
products leave your country
Template and instructions available online
Food labelling
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product's trade name
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physical conditions of the product or the specific treatment it has undergone
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list of ingredients, including additives and possible allergies or intolerances.
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net quantity of prepackaged foods.
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date of minimum durability
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Any conservation status or specific use.
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Name and address of the manufacturer, packer or seller established in the EU.
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Batch ID in the prepackaged food, preceded by the letter "L".
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If applicable, instructions for use
Place of Origin
Food labelling
Specific labelling rules (supplementary) for:
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Cacao and chocolate products
Honey
Sugars
Fruit juices and similar products
Jams, fruit jellies, marmelades and chestnut puree
Skim or canned milk
Caseins and caseinates
Mineral waters
Cafeins and quinines
Coffee and chicory extracts
Spredeable fats
Meat and meat-origin products
Alcoholic drinks
Spirits
Flavoured wines, flavoured drinks based on wine and cocktails
Novel food and novel ingredients
Food complements
Vitamines and minerals
Food enzymes
Food and food ingredients traeted with ionized radiation
Quick frozen food
What is organic farming?
Organic farming is…
an overall system of farm management and food production that combines best
environmental practices, a high level of biodiversity, preservation of natural
resources, the application of high standards of animal welfare and a production
method respecting consumers asking for products produced using natural materials
and processes.
Organic farming legislation covers
Unprocessed vegetable products, including seeds and wild plants
Livestock or unprocessed animal products, including beekeeping
Processed food, including wine
Aquaculture and seaweed products
Animal feed
Organic farming legislation does not cover
Hunting or fishing
Medicinal plants
Non-food products (eco-label)
Production rules
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Prohibition on the use of GMOs
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The entire farm is managed according to the organic
production method. However, a holding may be split
into clearly separated units  bio / non-bio
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For animals, it must be distinct species.
For plants, it must be different varieties that can
easily be distinguished.
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Special conditions for perennial crops that require
cultivation period of at least three years.
EU control system
Organic food exports to the EU will be systematically monitored to ensure that
production methods are EU-equivalent.
Recognized countries
Argentina, Australia, Canada, Costa Rica, India, Israel, Japan, New Zealand,
Switzerland, Tunisia and US are recognized as having organic production methods
and inspection systems equivalent to the EU
Export from there, only need an organic certificate from a local authority approved
Approved products and local inspection authorities listed in Annex III
Other countries
Products from countries must be controlled by organizations approved by the EU
These agencies provide the import license, required for entry into the EU
List of agencies authorized to inspect organic products outside the EU
Organic labelling
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All food must comply with EU food labelling law
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EU organic logo = worldwide registered trademark
Term"organic" is protected. Terms used in each EU language in the annex
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Organic signs could displayed on the label or in accompanying documents
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EU logo is compulsory in EU pre-packed food. Voluntary on imported food
CB code number
Place of farming (EU/Non EU agriculture)
AB-CDE-999
EU/Non EU agriculture
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National and private labels may be added
Organic labelling
Products with at least 95% certified organic ingredients
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Term "organic" can be written in the sales name
List of ingredients indicate which ingredients are organic
Products with less than 95% certified organic ingredients
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Term 'organic' or equivalent cannot be written on the sales name
List of ingredients indicate which and the total percentage of certified organic
ingredients. The percentage is calculated in relation to all current agricultural
ingredients
Term "organic" (or references) and the percentage must be the same colour,
size, style and font as the text of the ingredient list
Organic production
step-by-step
1. Check if the EU organic legislation affects your product
Agricultural products or unprocessed live: ex. plants, livestock and aquaculture
Processed foods: ex. coffee, tea, fruit juices, frozen foods, jams, olive oil and wine
2. Check how to certify your products as "organic"
Coming from Argentina, Australia, Canada, Costa Rica, India, Israel, Japan, New
Zealand, Switzerland, Tunisia or US? Check with your national authority (list here)
Not coming from the above countries? Check with an EU approved control body
(list here) or the Standing Committee on Organic Farming
2. Check the EU standards of organic production
You must ensure that it has been produced, certified and labelled according to the
EU methods (or equivalent). This implies you fulfil criteria on production,
processing, packaging, transport and storage of products
Your control body will provide you with the full list for your specific case
Voluntary (private) standards
The EU importer may ask for other certifications.
These are voluntary standards (not needed to access the EU market or regulated by
EU law but sometimes requested by private firms).
Standards Map provides users with information on 100 voluntary standards
operating in over 200 countries
What is the duty
applicable to my
carrots?
Do they benefit from a
preferential duty?
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How to proof the
origin of my carrots?
What are the rules of origin?
The rules of origin define the economic nationality of a product for international
trade
There are rules of preferential and non-preferential origin
Non-preferential rules of origin relate to quotas, antidumping measures, statistics or
labelling.
Preferential rules of origin relate to tariffs
How do they work?
13.6% tariff
0% tariff
How can I proof
the origin of my product?
is the final product wholly obtained in your country?
0% duty
Explicative notes
For example, the direct transport rule:
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transit allowed if the merchandise is not altered
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separation of goods not permitted
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Which country export
carrots to the EU?
Which EU country
import carrots?
How to get further information?
•By contacting the EU Delegation
•in your country www.eeas.europa.eu/delegations
•By directly contacting the
•Export Helpdesk team
Thank you!
Ines Escudero Sanchez
Export Helpdesk coordinator
European Commission, DG Trade
[email protected]