1. science
2. biology
3. breeding

CHICKEN
MONEY
MAKE
TO
HOW
FARM
FLOCKS
PROFITABLE
BY
HOMER
JACKSON
W.
A
Poultry
The
National
of
Stockman
COPYRIGHT
THE
Editor
STOCKMAN-FARMER
and
1913
BY
PUBLISHING
PITTSBURGH,
Farmesr
PA.
COMPANY
1
"b
"CI.A334230
0 1
A
Prof.
Homer
poultryman
with
of
charge
reliable
the
the
by
few
experiments
the
success
had
attention
of
flock
paid
work
attention
these
during
made
similar
quite
this
the
to
F.
published
Jackson
Mr.
made
in
of
as
or
poultry
out
it
that
feel
of
on
it.
is
breeders
will
a
bulletins
and
him
qualified
that
And
fanciers
its
be
of
useful,
business
show
tests,
his
to
write
particularly
and
but
for
in
helping
of
in
Dean
1909
at
which
of
could
and
match
and
long
its
for
not
farmers.
leading
them
that
have
ence
experihis
products,
opportunities
is
he
then
not
His
It
of
most
manufacturer
book
a
is.
ing
Dur-
not
and
some
wide
book
were
Husbandry
poultry
and
stock
basis
Poultry
periment
ex-
any
Massachusetts
College,
literature.
selling
were
attention
College
and
this
what
if
from
incubator
the
investigator,
an
have
keepers.
which
offer
had
stations.
the
many
large
A
preparing
raising,
enthusiasm
bulletins.
an
editor
became
made
years.
at
or
many
State
in
periment
Ex-
obtained
experiment
attracted
rangement
ar-
time
stations
farm
country
Instructor
he
there
as
work
of
While
the
in
an
his
seven
results
visited
Pennsylvania
position
institution.
been
the
by
the
experiments
other
Jackson
Mr.
His
of
Hunt
since
farms
West.
the
accepted
later
poultry
Middle
country,
Mr.
Poultry
almost
the
and
to
1902
devote
More
any
on
reported
and
profitable
Thomas
he
those
to
period
the
the
but
facts
Stockman
subject.
that
years
in
station
the
to
about
essential
experiment
few
much
was
In
for
run
undertaken
was
serious
any
to
ness
busi-
attracted
could
the
flock
the
Farmer.
and
established,
was
this
work
his
took
literature,
work
Jackson
most
available
know
his
and
Mr.
experimental
to
Farm
When
Stockman
the
he
facts
to
ness
busi-
poultry
poultry
and
whereby
made
the
then
Wanting
experimenter,
National
The
in
determine
to
flocks.
an
was
his
made
he
up
information
of
the
he
to
built
he
knowledge
in
when
proved
training
plenty
commercial
a
venture
so
for
was
been
farm
became
hens
farm,
definite
There
of
Jackson
The
looking
of
first
fowls
previous
no
lack
hens.
farmer's
and
had
is
work,
common
this
on
constantly
was
impressed
he
of
farm.
income
As
His
flock
Ohio
this
of
scientist.
small
of
600.
author
a
sixty-acre
a
and
as
a
source
about
Jackson,
well
as
was
to
W.
for
farm
servation
ob-
poultry-
intended
To
them
to
to
make
for
them
put
we
their
money
I.
CHAPTER
POULTRY
There
as
poultry
the
invariably
is
poultry
estimated
and
in
$1.76
to
The
in
then
products,
equal
in
value
livestock
value
the
of
on
if
any
while
the
other
words
this
the
place
any
flock
kinds
of
value
total
is
should
poultry
also
of
that
farm
on
utilized
that
farm
smallest
the
and
it
5
not
at
400
of
feed
hens
may
than
In
necessary
waste
worth
to
cure
se-
devote
on
the
utilized
carries
is
In
addition
taking
be
possible
It
is
can
present
fowls,
which
quired
re-
higher.
material
not
per
ing
correspond-
supplied
by
of
production,
livestock.
resources.
is
a
to
could
farm
the
reason
have
of
feeding
waste
be
may
products
the
of
feedstuffs
"
this
For
way.
utilization
deal
grains
the
class
to
poultry
much
very
grains
his
other
any
grains
feeds
is
the
farms
market
livestock
or
product
from
which
market
other
income
great
a
farm
livestock
who
utilizing
by
average
of
farmer
the
the
amount
produce
to
of
feedstuifs
or
of
or
an
proportion
statisticians
eggs
products
branch
in
The
because
represents
other
products
of
unfinished
of
finished
of
farm
advantage
any
equipment
required
the
of
of
stock.
weight
is
income
poultry
the
other
in
as
a
recognition
No
government
of
that
there
of
the
than
larger
a
of
given
a
market
secured
be
cost
greater
in
gain
the
by
this
as
product
weight.
or
value
produce
to
little
market
the
labor
managed
instead
farm
larger
value
age
aver-
food,
and
so
there
class
a
estimated
is
country
cent
stock
the
annual
The
used.
the
produces
state
mately
approxi-
was
of
hen;
special
other
its
to
the
advantages
market
given
No
proportion
industry
of
highest
the
that
cost
rarely
If
the
to
farms.
our
number
be
must
the
farm
per
are
considering.
represent
from
come
cents
of
them.
a
products
poultry
products
that
has
worth
finished
sending
such
well
on
flocks
from
industry
are
87
farm
our
the
carefully
was
found
was
a
Experiment
parts
deducting
after
was
returns
poultry
which
crop
that
fact
maximum
the
get
profit
net
it
kept
fowl
investment
on
the
of
the
flocks
farm
In
State
different
conditions,
each
of
income.
Ohio
the
of
resources
of
farm
in
cases
varying
from
and
interest
of
from
in
farmer
production
the
the
work.
farm
the
the
source
by
profit
number
a
income
gross
spite
the
widely
under
and
undertaken
which
in
Station,
profitable
a
investigation
recent
where
utilized,
and
of
with
compete
slightest
the
not
branch
a
as
and.
estimated
is
poultry
the
about
there
but
never
production,
of
carefully
are
can
CROP.
argument
profitableness
its
cost
the
to
specialty,
specialist
relative
farm
to
-exclusive
an
FARM
A
sides
two
question
to
room
The
be
may
business
AS
in
good
a
in
the
ering
considany
6
CHICKEN
appreciable
of
amount
conditions
from
the
land,
land
for
other
fertility
the
the
of
presence
to
land.
the
fertility
will
small
cause
in
with
of
Ohio
one
damage
buildings
and
in
with
he
100-acre
a
had
number
an
and
has
from
never
been
him
out
been
the
$400
with
done
bad
The
road
story
of
thousands
it
is
have
and
the
his
of
debts
farm
of
the
in
the
ten
miles
not
able
in
we
are
development
big
a
tirely
en-
house
has
in
been
handicap
market
in
and
his
market
come
in-
right
go
This
from
to
to
furnished
farm
off.
of
it
den
bur-
poultry
able
paid
spite
and
this
meet
and
better
a
the
Ten
farm
annual
was
in
local
or
conditions
to
built
not
with
And
that
larger
is
is,
success
homes.
unaccountable
possibilities
farmer
he
been
located
him
that
was
is
strain
entirely
selling
Fig.
There
is
farm
that
so
advantage,
The
special
no
marketing.
all
1
his
his
Under
for
him
of
in
money.
and
township,
back
shown
has
products
season
to
come
in-
year"
disappointed.
With
hens.
the
$500
or
down.
impossible
a
income
and
the
the
gross
$500
to
addition
an
his
crops
never
of
poultry
certain
with
profit
has
burned
of
help
in
for
debt
house
hen
with
the
in
house
The
ahead.
poultry
Other
holes.
or
$300
that
lines
other
years
this
and
"
income
practically
have
without
of
income
gross
his
years
these
start
three
or
kept
has
considers
from
been
financial
went
after
shortly
would
has
recent
many
the
he
ago
years
of
but
markets,
$400
in
varied
have
flock
in
two
tried
He
himself
the
From
and
still
all
During
of
story
for
within
hens
but
successful,
he
point.
life
in
and
since.
session
pos-
when
The
this
parison
com-
sustained
years
chickens.
200
to
the
House.
a
some
year
every
poultry
than
flock
department.
the
less
pulled
us
average
profitable
most
his
of
poultry
of
and
farming.
started
and
debt,
a
Built
farmer
possibilities
increased
on
farming
a
farm,
the
appreciated
years
this
ago
of
illustration
Flock
Farm
a
years
lines
other
in
has
the
of
necessary
small
flock
during
tion
atten-
farmer
the
as
derived,
poultry
afloat
excellent
an
How
Twenty
may
tribute
con-
and
the
quite
be
the
him
To
value,
is
ficial
bene-
weeds,
care
proper
special
from
kept
is
of
down
crops.
equipment
income
established
farmer
is
but
this
decidedly
keeping
of
loss
only
made
with
farm
which
revenue
and
in
the
to
be
the
poultry
no
Not
expense.
and
value,
crop
practically
may
assist
poultry
certain
getting
was
great
farmer
a
many
fowls
no
the
a
flock
profit
of
The
management.
slight
dinary
or-
double
a
utilization
the
represent
poultry
The
the
means
investment
right
at
of
with
way
with
farm
the
the
no
Under
poultry.
to
represents
crop
in
marketed
are
exclusively
poultry
purposes,
from
and
land
interfering
sold
products
MONEY
on
to
eggs
market.
varying
such
so
of
in
duplicated
degree,
illustrations
awaken
slow
to
farm
flocks.
all
around
to
the
CHAPTER
THE
II.
IMPORTANCE
OF
LARGER
FARM
FLOCKS.
According
farm
flock
that
but
that
is
these
flocks
In
the
last
all
requires
all
highest
prices
do
this,
of
economically
are
they
have
original
the
had
on
they
flock
because
in
product
to
is
which
is
because
ever
is
the
daily
marketed
Farm
eggs
not
were
but
market,
have
and
be
to
To
of
out
the
they
to
go
fancy
class.
Hence
intervals.
long
market
the
this
small
laid.
eggs
getting
in
are
too
first
produce
to
kept.
not
long
in
had
because
deteriorated
so
only
with
fraction
a
as
of
their
and
worth;
in
eggs
at
is
be
Something
flocks.
were
they
can
indifference.
not
a
producing
few
it
make
to
while
true,
of
cost
have
cents,
if
object
an
still
were
charged
should,
the
But
enough
7
individual
for
him
directly
to
least,
at
eggs
be
remains
fact
to
as
the
Not
induce
all
good
as
marketed
been
fresh.
cents
about
was
originally
could
kets,
mar-
three
and
two
that
were
eggs
and
city
the
enough
market
and
a
these
yet
at
condition
their
wholesale
Philadelphia
25
bringing
were
eggs
Missouri
central
in
best
and
Pittsburgh
the
Cheap.
are
the
when
1911,
considering
and
eggs
Eggs
Farm
selling
condition
farmers
are
poultry
are
in
difficulty
are
that
so
of
in
25-cent
farm
only
best
the
value
were
it
of
profits
the
knowledge
or
relatively
held
dozen
were
the
market
fancy
they
marketing,
quality,
poor
summer
dozen,
prime
between
largest
getting
surdity.
ab-
an
ordinary
of
when
any
farm
at
as
their
eggs
the
small
too
it is
producer,
of
while
prompt
average
been
the
a
they
is
that
value.
In
a
there
flocks
Why
cents
of
the
every
eggs
ability
market,
small
except
originally
that
is
requires
notoriously
good
age
skill,
the
on
where
of
of
income
margin
a
those
doubt
to
room
the
income
wide
so
matter
fancy
are
nor
however,
production
of
average
question
no
fowls
production
reach
a
53
of
and
The
no
of
part
production
of
simply
eggs
grade,
them
(question
there
products
the
is
special
no
for
is
is
equally
producer
a
lines
there
flock
a
to
grades.
it
is
the
census
strictly fresh.
Practically
of
other
within
easily
while
fancy
last
small
a
that
As
better
analysis
market
fact
the
while
only
industry
for
in
the
is
products
there
the
other
as
in
paying
managed.
no
and
always
It
of
received
prices
and
realizing
are
economically
grade,
are
in
given
fowls,
53
because
possible,
the
figures
numbers
farmers
our
be
the
to
grower
put
to
ail
in
of
this
small
the
charged
that
them
to
them
ference,
difsize
lessness
care-
Missouri
to
make
8
CHICKEN
efforts
proper
result
a
of
channel
the
cents
is safe
to
of
price
his
attention
say
eggs
25
enough
eggs
his
is
in
a
position
to
will
enough
the
to
demand
the
to
high
a
eggs
ing,
market-
their
he
to
doors.
market
little
a
have
must
the
meet
these
quirements
re-
markets
conditions.
his
flock
that
so
for
he
consumers
marketing
proper
prices
simply
few
discriminating
of
of
dozen.
the
that
their
of
size
miles
giving
into
meet
to
secure
do
while
60
to
at
by
get
the
thought
some
able
be
must
increase
meet
give
will
product
will
to
his
and
was
so
get
more
order
worth
He
fresh
are
who
in
it
increase
can
possibly
it
markets.
any
farmer
But
make
to
cents
attention
could
they
and
100
20
producing
were
average
45
within
at
quality,
give
to
what
cent
per
the
farmer
who
and
the
sell
products
The
for
marketing.
to
of
while
while
them
that
the
to
farmers
their
sold
they
of
matter
a
The
worth
not
was
and
It
marketing.
of
it
not
was
while
along
all
condition.
bringing
farm
As
ordinary
delays
disgraceful
the
from
the
with
were
eggs
market,
selling
condition.
prime
through
eggs
thoroughly
a
1911,
Pittsburgh
the
were
it
case
matter
that
in
eggs
this
In
was
the
store-keeper,
country
December,
dozen
a
Pittsburgh
and
in
market
of
dispose
to
result
in
Again,
into
them
get
huckster
line, and
the
a
to
had
they
MONEY
all
of
the
his
he
eggs
produce.
can
What
force
to
market
and
While
found
in
buying
of
poultry,
however,
if the
indicated.
fowls
to
The
sell
as
economically
the
for
the
of
one
be
must
reason
why
writers
on
in
slow
in
by
much
the
a
to
one.
flock
flock
ought
this
into
of
the
for
fowls
be
200
in
whom
who
the
an
flocks
or
to
to
on
the
53
of
care
and
farm
to
make
in
flocks
the
practical
is
no
The
good
The
people
little
but
flock
to
go
exception
an
comparatively
their
that
attained.
advising
ought
200, and
step
flock.
there
quickly
be
the
really
a
time
for
and
taken,
is
increase
is the
efficiently
size
of
enough
not
him.
much
of
have
size
are
as
keeping
business
poultry
has
farm
the
not
flocks
practically
constantly
are
were
as
be
can
that
what
flock
instead
should
who
larger
the
fowls
larger
to
it does
as
that
poultry
farmers
of
small
a
of
consumer
of
flock
hens
consumers
market
again
any
the
number
interest
favor
bulk
The
the
farm
of
decidedly
topics
increase
gain, and
53
average
the
Here
It takes
steps
to
in
manage
of
farm
very
going
case
large
a
before
poultry
decided
to
offered
average
in
possible
increase
farm
average
the
subject
important
taken
expect.
argument
average
most
is to
basis,
as
to
this
make
it is not
that
care
owner
to
those
the
of
old
greasy
way.
half
equal
ing
develop-
dreamed
the
expect
limited
eating
of
scarcely
tough,
may
we
with
way
represent
most
of
of
important
Another
fact
right
a
the
the
are
the
which
not
are
in
poultry
marketing
today
in
quality
have
consumers
table
in
markets
only
continue
they
for
applies
eggs
possibilities
cockerels
our
to
would
The
persist
staggy
farm
regarding
market
we
stringy,
poultry
said
poultry.
high-priced
a
yet.
as
been
has
to
who
is
the
risk
have
only
CHICKEN
Figure
^Figure
2
"
1
"
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A
Home
Wrong
Paid
Kind
for
of
by
a
Hen
Hens
House
MONEY
CHICKEN
Figure
Figure
5
"
Open
3
Front
"
Better
House,
than
no
Without
House
Curtain
or
Glass
CHICKEN
practical
The
thing.
business
this
for
I
flock.
to
production
egg
enough
of
few
with
who
consumers
open
those
him
to
up
with
it
fatten
call
for
it
put
will
the
the
intensive,
and
the
giving
farm
conditions.
for
free
is
the
able
a
better
it
fowls
this
difficulties
and
farmer
of
throws
that
away
in
himself
puts
duction
promore
accompany
thing
last
have
cost
fowls
fined
con-
desirable,
the
the
his
yards
be
should
that
that
small
a
may
doing
to
adapted
have
to
the
which
system,
reducing
the
extensive
as
make
advantages
stock
specially
to
fowls
year
who
specialist,
the
serious
injury.
if
one
attributed
growing
may
injury
with
crops
be
to
the
the
fowls
that
except
confined
field
crops,
discussion
fowls
to
Fowls
fed.
they
of
danger
connection
damage
to
farmer
to
he
direct
afford
can
do.
The
in
of
host
will
door
which
by
only
and
conditions
the
touch
surplus
known
much
to
resources,
special
his
with
competition
is
his
The
all
practically
It
a
methods.
intensive
to
farm.
escaping
and
of
in
condition.
desirable
special
part
large
intervals
get
while
extensive
is
house,
hens
be
Farms.
the
always
when
fully
utilize
to
is
200
closed
enough
for
order
eggs
a
worth
keeping,
range,
poultry
greater
the
over
range
it
the
for
question
open
periods
much
during
fowls
to
short
prime
poultry
any
While
attached
yard
of
without
means
in
Methods
systems
two
have
it
of
be
always
make
market
to
quality
also
to
him
a
in
at
cases
for
of
or
will
year
market
highest
will
poultry
on
With
possible
the
Extensive
Of
it
He
efficiency.
the
farmer.
eggs
number
regular
that
flocks.
table
as
and
make
for
be
sons
rea-
basis
that
of
most
in
will
market
a
small
of
dispose
to
which
days,
real
any
ship
to
have
the
the
the
on
try
poulto
but
touch
way
chickens
must
the
during
any
the
need
rapidly,
too
keeps
poultry
does
therefore,
who
with
him
enable
to
a
market
business
his
manage
his
of
business
subject,
farmer
Every
production
the
this
agriculture
in
in
experience
no
of
which
reasons
discuss
to
want
200-hen
not
the
9
had
line
into
going
are
has
other
any
against
cautioned
who
man
in
or
MONEY
are
are
of
enough
possibly
at
small
open
to
the
to
seeding
yards
is
for
fact
eat
and
a
mentioned
usually
Most
will
they
do
crop
damage
time,
period
not
ficiently
insuf-
are
little
harvest
short
of
cases
that
is
fowls,
for
range
fed.
properly
due
have
to
which
when
without
III.
CHAPTER
BREEDS.
The
hen
plant
depends
is
to
may
The
the
is
there
is
continually
and
been
carried
have
been
be
clear
matter
of
to
a
Plymouth
will
Leghorns
are
easily
more
ordinary
The
in
this
interest
the
great
deal
great
profuse
them
for
keeping
known
as
and
what
it
table
fowls
in
a
of
make
these
good
of
table
eggs,
fowls,
breeds.
the
I
retard
and
has
It
hatching
the
to
has
carried
and
farm
brooding
farm
that
down
10
by
plish
accom-
eggs,
istics
character-
They
produce
the
which
large
average
has
industry
low
be
to
market
with
of
at
now-
similar.
poultry
necessarily
their
not
were
The
cause
the
ened
awak-
to
of
they
popularity
chickens
and
did
They
numbers
to
fowls
commercial
expected
popular
the
of
These
Brahma
that
or
not.
one
portations
im-
originated,
essentially
most
it, either
of
to
business
and
disposition
handling
the
flock
interest
expectation.
are
overwhelming
with
adapted
however,
were
large
proper
far
however,
the
the
duction.
pro-
breeds
some
Light
of
could
this
development
keep
been
of
extensive
subsequently
breeds
by
are
believe,
level
when
ordinary
of
with
tion
atten-
Orpingtons
poultry
found,
which
realized
fowls,
the
to
and
made.
deal
were
producers
and
is
that
the
sluggish
Asiatics
general-purpose
poultryman.
country,
the
they
measure
numbers
to
and
that
almost
methods
better
were
was
of
breeds,
found
was
records
breeds
care
are
the
have
best
many
Cochin,
It
breeds
general-purpose
of
which
Reds,
1850,
and
and
conditions
other
belief
general
the
true
in
great
a
feathering
and
for
general
and
class
enthusiasm.
the
best
of
also
present
our
attracted
of
size,
poultry
good
and
1840
Asiatic
of
progenitors
is
feeding.
to
the
of
the
proper
manifested
back
dates
fowls
breeds,
fit
care
is
to
production
same
others
and
first
real
it
true
given
Island
the
erence.
pref-
capacity
so
egg
Rhode
than
of
Langshan
all
is
managed
country
a
this
of
Given
approximate
conditions
of
were
all
be
to
adaptation
breeds.
personal
contests
egg
it
which
his
Australia
that
of
Wyandottes,
while
But
time
and
different
Rocks,
in
and
this
by
the
In
representative
strain
the
of
Contrary
productive
200-
because
breed
the
breeds.
flocks
by
what
best."
in
country
can
to
as
the
on
production
of
upon
that
asked
like
you
this
in
on
more
answer
difference
popular
more
peculiarities
and
one
secured
ought
wholly
"The
special
no
common
it
practical
is,
farmer
and
mind,
only
which
question
in
kept
answered
line
precise
the
upon
have
be
definitely
be
cannot
extent
some
should
that
breed
the
that
one
individual
the
of
question
average
ated
oper-
of
the
of
5'i
general-purpose
or
natural
by
preference.
means,
small
CHICKEN
laborious
flocks, and
whether
in
other
the
until
the
of
popular
These
them
make
to
as
Rocks
there
and
fairly
be
bred
easily
they
out
The
weight
or
of
fact,
which
fed
less
of
of
earlier
than
the
this
breed
way
but
are
far
the
being
from
likely
to
to
deteriorate
of
same
is excellently
that
established
rapidly
type
and
on
the
farm.
for
that
results
trict
Disvelop
de-
to
and
ideas,
characteristics
Island
Reds.
is
longer
at
least
of
the
careful
The
In
conditions,
farm
color
in
two
productive.
as
to
weeks
began
own
maturity
without
Rocks
of
Compton
Rhode
and
the
better
certain
fully
breed,
and
section
their
adapted
the
fat
Wyandotte,
is
and
this
Plymouth
Little
the
as
of
couple
a
farm.
reaches
Wyandotte
the
give
to
the
as
blood,
of
to
that
of
know
size
because
the
the
as
according
now
we
difficulty
with
on
development
objection
well
known
farmers
Leghorn
some
is subject
it is
the
contains
general
is
keeping
likely
produced
breed
what
in
for
what
consistent
the
reaches
breed
weeks
cared
internal
of
internal
and
which
of
least
at
unusual
by
the
compared
as
with
provided
accumulation
history
accumulate
usually
the
Island
the
maturity
to
general-purpose
represented
body,
in
ago
Rhode
a
This
grains
years
result
the
easily
the
on
reach
disposed
more
Sixty
and
originated
form,
in
early
resort
incubators
of
are
Largely
condition.
good
observed
in
are
reason
in
with
tically
prac-
to
characteristic
a
the
do
to
pullets
use
flocks
rear,
toward
deal
maturing,
development
characterized
is
the
in
full
the
proper
dual-purpose
our
slowest
by
small
Rock
in
with
it is necessary
possible
large,
are
winter-laying
such
with
farmers
great
a
were
are
only
tendency
breed
blockier
makes
mouth
Ply-
century,
a
and
reach
to
secure
Plymouth
has
was
Wyandottes
when
few
unusual
an
this
fowls
is
which
Barred
which
sooner,
question.
months
To
development
in
fat, and
are
which
and
brooders,
these.
results
production,
the
of
hatching,
early
and
eight
seven
profitable
to
to
from
requiring
the
but
is such
The
half
all
Of
is
mend
com-
poultry,
They
sought,
of
out
flocks
farm.
this.
in
Brah-
which
large
through
not
Rock
merit
of
scribe
de-
most
Light
market
tirely
en-
to
another,
or
in
for
is
place
is
are
the
or
average
layers.
Plymouth
which
of
reason
excellent
the
like
points
the
quality
high
are
however,
breeds,
and
if
or
flock,
in
should
reason
popularity
good
some
farm
which
breeds
one
on
average,
breeds,
Asiatics,
successfully
their
the
the
generally
I
producers
them
held
the
the
many
to
impracticable
have
must
handling
a
have
and
of
work,
for
are
breeds
fanciers
to
this
of
for
tion
ques-
favorites.
discussion
flock
Langhans,
increase
adopted
the
now
of
farm
difficulty of managing
the
is
the
and
them
are
I
management.
hens
200
are
characteristics
For
question.
of
breeds
general
a
and
greatly
to
ideal
province
general
Cochins
the
which
the
favor.
the
11
feeding
possible
into
going
outside
of
egg-laying
breeds
larger
the
be
reach
to
so-called
Without
mas,
methods
it will
words
MONEY
fowls
breed
breeding
of
this
CHICKENMONEY
12
breed
do
make
not
fowls
make
they
do
nor
tive
attrac-
as
breeds
general-purpose
other
the
do
as
appearance
an
table
good
as
just
mentioned.
In
recent
popularity.
and
white
table
fowls.
fowls,
laying
breeds
but
and
than
produce
breeds
caring
breeds,
or
of
extent
poultry
about
the
for
production,
course
the
given
why
greater
greater
any
feed
The
with
as
the
well.
be
case
and
income,
the
breed
cost
larger
trade
but
of
in
if
market
Leghorns
egg
breeds,
and
the
tunities
opportable
breeds
egg
it
will
will
is
is
hard
cost
25
will
be
be
to
for
per
of
be
to
to
preferred
run
egg
is
attention
be
labor
question
as
production
should
market
high-class
poultry,
production
no
profitable
special
no
also
and
splendid
general-purpose
if
some
of
is
for
as
But
more
Leghorns
farmer,
There
made
the
larger
to
production
markets
satisfactory.
of
developing
purpose.
that
more
source
to
of
labor
the
of
localities
most
the
depend
the
the
several
produced
composed
business.
in
are
easily
may
much
chief
there
in
and
his
development
which
be
part
that
fact
to
of
with
will
of
make
stocked
ways
be
breeds
Hudson
commercial
flocks
various
be
preference
of
the
may
should
the
the
are
compared
as
eggs
flock
expects
important
an
poultry,
farm
in
the
because
of
in
less
River
Hudson
farms
kept
and
simplified
personal
he
the
be
may
general-purpose
the
upon
preeminently
question
our
whether
upon
may
the
of
some
is
hoppers
be
without
Whether
cheaply.
from
fed
them
for
and
poultry
can
with
and
West
eggs.
pose
pur-
and
cost,
apparently
successful
Leghorns
be
may
the
the
other
any
labor
egg-
than
eggs
feed
of
common,
Leghorn
breed.
hundred,
East
the
as
for
less
adopting
Orpington.
The
more
lower
at
with
more
large
The
egg-grower's
value
eggs
in
known
little
where
excellent
slow
of
lay
inence
prom-
yellow-skinned
go
class
brown-shelled
all
Leghorns.
have
breeds.
are
and
eggs
make
to
they
managed
other
demands
practically
with
and
the
of
any
market
Boston
of
they
flocks
general-purpose
River
they
larger
in
kept
skill
because
because
afford
because
necessarily
not
type,
other
belong
of
prefers
general
the
to
into
characteristics
superficial
the
Leghorns
market
well
can
rapidly
objectionable
general
farmer
possessing
The
be
the
producers
not
are
the
as
sprung
good
are
skin
long
So
however,
breed
a
They
white
and
legs
have
Orpingtons
the
years
derstand
un-
the
cent
much
CHAPTER
THE
With
should
be
be
of
provided,
found
usual
the
best
plan
with
individuals
the
flock,
While
pullets.
hens
or
hens
should
in
100
is
kept
to
of
from
the
each.
hens
flock),
together,
separate
houses
125
should
should
be
horn
Leg-
high
as
as
and
pullets
somewhat
400
one-
200
have
different
A
provided.
about
have
of
about
that
require
year,
enough
early-hatched
desirable
they
as
each
keeping
to
plants
not
will
up
with
objection
it is
seldom
make
to
commercial
houses
It
hand
on
replaced
no
poultry
flock
laying
old
being
two
100
years
(some
mind
entire
probably
hens
in
the
two
or
single
a
be
and
for
select
flock
one
1,500
treatment,
to
remainder
there
in
1,000
renew
one
the
flock
capacity
a
to
being
HOUSE.
200-hen
a
practicable
the
half
POULTRY
ideal
our
IV.
house
feet
square
able
suitof
floor
space.
hard
No
construction.
of
size
the
flock,
they
of
4
flock
a
of
100
7
feet
in
high
and
with
doors
The
plan
of
but
in
about
about
will
poultry
extremes
present,
reaction.
and
fowls
It
house.
in
the
and
Hen
will
glass
that
from
eight,
seems
necessary
the
of
it
which
comfort
be
by
lighting
is
entirely
a
open
would
different
comfortable
13
the
the
front,
matter
at
the
marked
from
the
ing
providspace.
muslin
a
which
of
be
of
floor
is
dispensabl
in-
modern
going
against
there
seem
should
for
feature
a
found
rear
provides
advise
to
span
has
of
ventilation
and
feet,
diagram.
space,
feet
a
24
conditions,
the
floor
square
design
proper
matter
15
this
feet
to
sunlight
to
uneven
in
front
house
to
of
horns
Leg-
summer
x
poultryman
the
proportioned
of
one-half
the
of
16
various
meet
The
care.
roof
of
in
is
It
indicated
to
admit
to
be
increased
a
in
poultry
125
or
range.
as
height
further
and
in
the
foot
square
three
shutter
with
made
should
noticed
rear,
ence
experi-
shown
accommodations
breeds
with
modified
be
depth,
the
one
be
the
some
farm
a
the
because,
plans
winter
on
and
practical
for
further
arranged
way,
glass
in
may
be
general
The
room.
It
house
one-half
are
windows
and
should
a
5
be
out
have
weighed
the
the
kept,
however,
The
purpose
may
fowls
and
of
provide
general
number
the
front
this
changes
that,
This
when
necessary,
of
will
carefully
conditions
to
breed
are,
up
house
poultry
the
fowls
poultrymen.
designed
hens
if desired.
if
be
satisfactory
is
for
There
summing
successful
house
the
liberty
should
the
down
location,
owner.
which
very
This
the
represent
provide
house.
for
of
most
our
of
laid
the
upon
amount
considerations
way,
Fig.
the
be
can
depends
preferences
general
a
rules
Much
personal
in
fast
or
to
tendency
is
bound
human
relatively
low
to
at
be
comfort,
tempera-
a
14
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Summer
7.
description
15
page
an
in
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Farm
In
this
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the
MONEY
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Figure
Figure
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9"
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CHICKENMONEY
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the
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17
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the
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pine
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in
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results
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above
feet
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for
year
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miscellaneous
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where
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practical, money-making
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type
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and
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These
white
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indispensable.
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more
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of
houses
houses,
business
get
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should
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houses
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really
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Houses.
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at
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dryness.
insure
portable
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10.
the
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if
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CHICKEN
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are
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CHICKENMONEY
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for
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hatching
market
ordinary
value
additional
profit,
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going
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at
ought
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15
ing
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Hatching.
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venture
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reasons
this.
10
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rates.
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Buying
Where
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as
to
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chicks
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ought
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also
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long
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raised
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poultry
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maintained.
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commercial
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returns.
chicks
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getting
purposes.
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breeding
into
go
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with
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reach
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of
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hand,
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while
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way
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quickest
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most
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secure
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by
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taken
to
and
starting
are
should
in
breeding
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to
of
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the
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standard
high
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our
of prices
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from
flock
well
under
or
Chicks.
decided
has
stock
Only
reasonably
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in
mercial
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purchase
culls
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for
show-room
farm
every
should
standard
Day-Old
The
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good
low.
too
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have
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justify
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general
cheap
paid
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to
fact
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entirely
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Just
flock
farm
of
example,
breeder.
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growing
demand
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for
necessary,
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not
not
breeder
stock
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as,
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stock
paying
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stock,
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stock
breeding
prices
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This
important
foundation
by
where
show-room
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foundation
business
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for
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plants,
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view.
in
neglect
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up
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probably
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CHICKEN
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at
like
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and
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pay
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entire
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at
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breeders
of
have
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take
it
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time.
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crossing
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to
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farm
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ultimate
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way
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ment,
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flock.
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bred
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Cross-Breeding.
fallacy
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commercial
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up
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fowls
securing
grade
to
quick
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flock
mongrel
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do
reputation
see
by
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males
pure-bred
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pure-bred
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buying
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to
flock
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faith,
of
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pen
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know
mating,
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best
chance
better
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perhaps
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a
and
year
good
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be
breeders.
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of
in
sitting
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result
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useless
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and
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know
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prices
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the
original
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much
buyer
way
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breeding
establishing
This
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alternative
it should
basis
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from
shipment,
getting
often
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has
of
practicable
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the
are
the
chicks
long
entire
an
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least
their
it is often
way
of
buy
to
long
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We
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to
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matings,
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with
grading
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at
On
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many
going
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of
fault
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breeders
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and
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in
raised.
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method
pen
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hatching.
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when
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or
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is
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however,
stock,
distance
Breeding
expensive
more
for
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what
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and
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a
own
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of
satisfactory.
quicker
purchase
the
lose
less
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stock
quality from
of
one
announce
have
instances,
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great
from
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A
similar
such
economy.
more
purchased
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of
in
than
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suffer
who
what
pay
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often
knowledge
sitting
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usually
be
price
personal
through
from
to
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to
necessary
of getting
sure
breeders
Except
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season
those
likely
half
it is
be
to
23
advertisements
unknown
or
at
several
hatches
price
reputation.
buying
to
generally
few-line
small
breeding
of
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prices,
extravagant
an
The
wants.
MONEY
also
effect
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to
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flock
it
stick
to
surprising
that
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on
the
while
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better
the
same
results
the
cross-bred
bred
pure-
to
breed
cross-
breed
are
all
secured
is
advantage
flock
is
to
CHICKBNMONEY
24
all
lose
is
flock
advantages
may
of
which
result
from
The
breeder
has
the
he
which
quality
dangers
blood
new
all
that
which
may
not
greatly
the
to
expense
should
It
which
matter
is in
inbreeding
of
use
the
the
of
improvement
usual
objection
their
usefulness
the
pay
male
birds
that
this
follow
two
practicable
if
Farm
the
While
for
winners
have
are
does
associated
poultry
and
work
give
to
with
problems
his
equal
proper
conditions
tendency
and
hatches
and
which
vigor
and
our
continual
the
is
when
practical
desirable
his
up
keeping
good
increasing
their
than
will
be
of
is
is
study
of
breeding
losses
prevalence
of
in
stock.
plants
The
diseases
perience
ex-
this
practical
vigor
breeding
chick
of
of
more
constitutional
deterioration
of
studies
matter
attention.
toward
should
province
the
commercial
careful
he
he
as
a
the
line.
the
should
which
and
least,
at
this
as
he
characteristics
outside
such
demanded
breeder,
Skill
most
needs
points
is breeding,
the
management
appalling
farm
along
is
complaints
the
cows.
entirely
breeders
show
seriously,
or
breeding,
fowls
of
he
as
hogs
it
The
year.
special
which
characterize
most,
among
the
of
the
importance
with
feeding
the
concern
instructions
specific
connected
the
to
of
problems
and
in
Breeding.
fowls
sheep,
time,
almost
Of
the
breeding
of
breeding
need
not
that
make
stock
each
development
conception
clear
a
study
the
extreme
better
purchased
are
rather
thus
the
it.
not
of
the
in
really
for
by
and
is
is
that
extent
injuring
least,
at
afford
to
avoid
it
a
enced
inexperi-
to
males
should
extent,
years,
able
males
new
the
to
of
true
way
asked
chases.
purnot
specimens
season
breeder
adding
is
considerable
any
the
of
it is not
care
high-grade
being
now
the
be
in
avoid
continual
hands
vigorous
a
high
other
inbreeding
the
to
the
besides
by
proper
single
a
three
or
usefulness
of
are
inbreeding
for
of
to
reason
with
without
limited
paired
unim-
introduction
own
flock
in
used
purchase
the
his
while
most
be
flock
use
time
on
deterioration,
and
and
may
the
is
For
to
period
to
prices
breeders.
mind
strongest
a
of
foundation
the
the
by
as
and
in
his
same
and
his
up
with,
the
at
that
injurious,
inbreeding
pen,
good
as
result
to
the
still
maintain
to
gained
keeping
trifled
itself
but
any
breeding
be
likely
is
has
be
to
flock,
by
flock
securing
hand
one
understood
be
can
breeders
the
he
of
the
how
and
secured
on
losing
of
danger
of
problem
have
may
as
in
fortunate
the
inbreeding
of
just
leaving
due
are
view.
of
been
with
or
well
that
whatever
inbred
neglected
secured
breed,
that
cross-breeding
a
of
state
last
presumption
from
be
same
point
who
is confronted
stock
to
the
breeding
a
fair
a
into
blood
probably
of
is
It
temporarily
new
could
males
unrelated
first.
arise
introduction
the
its
than
worse
the
and
characteristics,
of
uniformity
and
Under
the
stitutional
con-
constant
in
this
stock,
are
spect,
re-
poor
all
CHICKEN
Figure
12
"
Portable
Brooder
are
Figure
13"
Portable
MONEY
Houses"
Brooded
Colony
and
Heated
in
One
Houses"
Brooder
by
Flock
Used
Houses
Coal
in
as
in
Stoves.
Each
Laying
Spring
From
300
to
500
House
Houses
in
Winter,
Chicks
MONEY
CHICKEN
Figure
Figure
15"
Colony
14
"
Houses
Portable
Used
Brooder
in
South
Houses
Shore
Districft,Mass.
CHICKENMONEY
largely
due
flocks.
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are
to
and
those
be
breeder
be
in
weakness
of
b"?ing
they
selected.
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hens
two-year-old
either
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be
to
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through
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should
The
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ration
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of
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freely
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early
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or
fowls
Usually
particularly
are
and
that
may,
are
is
it most
March
hatched
given
care,
proper
a
to
couple
first
by
breeds.
weeks
two
maturity
weeks
breeding,
the
farm
to
his
entire
satisfactory
use
to
be
can
fed
plenty
to
access
and
grow,
of
point
highest
have
before
of
May
as
Unless
of
soon
as
special
will
one
that
rapidly
grow
almost
poultryman
hatching,
chicks
However,
before.
flock
for
months
best
the
overcorn
laying.
long
are
the
its
at
to
not
it
can
beginning
is
reach
of
fowls
the
after
grass
be
usually
will
April
the
compelled
been
other
vitality.
and
take
to
fed,
proportion
are
though
the
has
with
limit
to
ration,
are
general-purpose
with
with
hens
eggs
hens
the
tion,
condiAs
be
It
and
fertility
high
necessary
the
exhausted
and
during
hatched
the
when
been
have
is
of
the
to
weather
may
times.
oughly
thor-
a
flock.
considerable
a
that
practically
physical
fowls
with
of
see
it
shortly
spring,
range,
both
should
the
as
ration
all
consist
food,
breeding
at
flock.
laying
that
so
high
laying
avoided
to
fertility of
the
regular
winter
possible
range
the
laying
breeding.
should
green
securing
in
conducive
part
if
flock
The
to
presence
breeds
small
any
exercise.
the
is
some
comparatively
aids
be
however,
important,
and
that
ration
the
as
experiments,
livestock,
much
and
a
should
repeated
of
Exercise,
likely
the
the
as
litter,
deep
essential
approaches
rations
forcing
classes
important
absolute
an
season
found
house
all
in
for.
for
nature,
exercise
and
are
through
of
pen
one
been
have
that
its
in
much
as
all grains
be
must
flock
from
forcing
and
grains,
are
different
be
latter
the
adults,
or
breeding
condition
fit
breeding
the
the
perhaps
or
any
should
since
in
not
are
flock
the
development
less
be
well-ventilated
will
pullets,
and
scattering
feed
than
entirely
whole
of
largely
in
of
should
appear
be
fowls
indication
chicks
time
the
at
to
should
that
any
given
as
tions
indica-
apparent
birds
either
in
any
should
ever
time
any
awkward
be
not
Neither
females
in
management
season
at
unusually
would
are
have
respects.
breasts,
bills,
as
should
other
presenting
or
such
pen.
may
winter
legs
that
pen
rather
immature
hawk-like
vigor
thrift
how
regardless
is
of
narrow
examination,
breeding
lack
or
of
breeding
the
the
their
on
lack
careful
a
in
continued
included
of
on
flat,
faces,
narrow
or
desirability
combs,
that
examined,
weakness
in
our
fowls
carefully
physical
of
their
pale
be
of
vigor
all the
season
should
indication
unsteady
weakness
flock
of
eyes,
constitutional
breeding
the
any
necks,
or
carriage,
any
of
the
to
breeding
show
dull
legs
of
attention
regardless
with
their
the
which
removed,
long
of
beginning
into
go
Fowls
lack
to
the
25
and
usually
those
tion
atten-
find
two-year-old
CHICKENMONEY
26
or
have
more
and
breeding,
for
hens
be
will
about
left
flocks
in
six
satisfactory
mated
which
with
to
we
of
that
eight
males
than
where
single
males.
will
assuming
are
number.
and
small
For
generally
breeding
about
number
sucb
a
will
flock
find
flocks
he
the
100,
should
results
are
kept
MONEY
CHICKEN
28
water,
little
a
insect
need
that
provision
when
powder
and
food
green
be
made.
set
and
a
keeping
flock
a
because
of
not
only
it is
only
also
can
the
this
for
It
are
but
the
the
pullets.
before
or
entirely
while
upon
exactly
not
practical
incubator
to
them
use
selected
return
is
It
type.
it
better
the
to
for
after
him,
manufacturer
with
an
vidual
indi-
to
send
that
way.
the
under
try
given
of
one
individual
different
are
having
and
that
knowledge
results
results
good
subject
glad
buy
to
an
There
largely
is
are
give
not
common
different
widely
does
art.
better
generally
probably
it is
trial, to
the
choice
the
give
to
master
and
industry
poultry
afford
to
incubators
operate
manufacturers
it is
trial, and
on
order
to
the
well
market
the
learn
making
is
in
on
conditions
different
a
operators
machines
the
under
conditions.
same
Generally
than
200
a
For
several
in
labor
their
for
of
cost
not
if
It is
important
and
be
that
sure
companies
company
operate
in
or
this
the
that
to
two
to
to
have
an
a
after
them
examine
buy
is
dwelling
in
house
a
usually
find
and
your
the
cellar.
without
reduces
simplifies
building
cellar.
house
insurance
It
policy,
insurance
to
from
it
hatch
and
acceptable
permit
the
sufficient
separate
in
week
one
it greatly
hatching
not
be
machines
as
100
should
may
will
provide
of
smaller
under
eggs
three
or
flock
a
however,
farmer
individual
incubators
operate
in
you
economically
anything
machine
for
room
connection
incubator
has
hatches,
two
necessary
is
who
with
the
chicks
the
there
you
incubators
have
in
more
purchase
250-egg
but
needs
are
incubator,
filled
one
to
raising
incubators
man
to
The
be
made,
run
he
is
It
care.
the
size.
are
that
the
advantageous
flock,
long
the
and
cannot
200-hen
chicks
the
it
hatches
cheaper
the
that
a
it
250-egg
to
machines
large
ones,
find
not
large
so
old.
all
small
will
breeders
be
speaking,
than
managed
to
his
poultryman
depend
seldom
to
can
needed
Most
incubator
fair
matter
work
incubators
machines
buyer's
if
hatch
started
The
Leghorns
it is
who
man
is
matter.
get
that
can
and
course,
as
also
winter-laying
get
begun.
of
but
cost,
he
hatched
has
seasons,
easy
his
that
good
a
chicks
must,
all
an
of
part
attention
If
that
to
work
unreliable
always
not
important
their
incubators
pensable,
indis-
incubators
labor
is
who
purpose.
is
many
in
season
spring
at
with
hatch.
the
poultryman
find
will
more
the
Leghorns
so
successfully,
the
the
get
the
economizing
of
use
in
other
keeps
non-sitting
the
way
incubation
artificial
or
of
means
by
this
of
who
a
be
during
times
however,
hens
early
in
pressure
farmer
it
as
sufficiently
eggs
He
200
should
of
the
all
dusted
Indispensable.
conditions,
ordinary
constitute
place
hens
The
couple
Incubators
Under
dusting
a
your
is
taking
not
this
ance
insur-
wise
pre-
CHICKENMONEY
There
caution.
makes
is
the
not
incubators
of
if
insurance
vitiating
by
29
slightest
properly
operating
greatest
the
with
Most
these
the
of
due
good
can
should
are
usually
be
his
of
call
be
impossible
the
regulated
but
I
best
in
importance
of
Importance
is
morning
from
of
fact
need
operator
which
"
the
with
rapidity
back
The
failure
units
time
The
other.
103
to
after
of
cause
to
for
on
the
day
or
or
or
proper
the
the
turning
the
which
turning
of
week
or
much
so
for
that
the
be
one
the
the
entire
in
the
as
and
eggs,
temperature
taken
lies
103
contact
way
the
one
of
with
average
brings
delayed
incubator
fluctuates
cooling
hatches
set
off-
properly
temperature
as
should
matter
a
The
is
cooling
uniform
importance
are
in
incubator
average,
that
and
As
way.
normal
correct
and
which
run
temperature
the
lutely
abso-
accurately
particular
they
other
fluctuation
the
in
spent
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be
to
premature
secure
side
either
is
feature
a
morning.
occur
if his
disturbed
provided
thermometers,
any
the
assumed
usually
is
of
variations
the
automatically,
quite
should
to
not
are
Temperature.
night
do
be
not
degrees
two
even
is
ture.
mois-
temperature.
average
irregularities
corresponding
by
or
when
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regulation
temperature
from
and
this
Average
the
uniformity
extreme
provided
with
proper
Corred:
night
to
the
incubation
and
entirely
to
in
important
operator's.
attention
connection
that
enough
not
call
the
to
matters
is
and
however,
artificial
temperature
to
securing
of
the
either
of
regard
are
these
of
than
care
like
overlooked
generally
all
bator
incu-
else,
ventilation
temperature,
machines
should
in
problems
rather
take
to
In
that
In
the
assistance,
some
no
him.
to
one
in
this
do
not
any
the
directions
of
last
and
points
extent
problems
however.
It
chief
of
than
of
be
need
if
the
value
any
rectly
di-
are
is little
manufacturer
first
special
considerable
a
manufacturer's
is the
few
regulation
of
care.
machines
will
of
self
him-
incubators
he
assistance
It may
The
be
the
consulted
a
If
is
utmost
There
painstakingly
will
more
the
operating
and
secured
of
to
proper
To
is
not
operation.
the
for
it
familiarize
with
with
machine.
his
machine.
attention
successful
are
results
them
ions
direct-
and
shall
directions.
instructions
of
certainly
operation
to
with
risk
to
comprehensive
results
follow
carefully
follow
volume
follow
directions
supplied
standard
unwise
machines,
operator
good
get
to
general
will
are
additional
he
to
is
with
permit.
out
own
the
and
failure
the
to
operator
which
case
directions
here
give
to
that
failures
it
a
send
their
of
importance
fire
Directions.
incubators
of
operation
the
for
of
but
run,
without
Follow
Manufacturers
danger
into
the
total
hatch
account.
operator's
of
his
heat
averages
CHICKEN
30
low
too
too
or
by
only
frequent
length
a
of
exact
of
be
the
the
A
sheet
similar
in
value
keeping
Number
of
usual
The
Date
directions
provide
evaporation
outline
the
is
size
The
be
will
and
results
such
if
of
air
the
better
impossible
from
12
the
amount
of
3 4
to
the
hatch
entire
the
tray
he
is
a
nearly
particularly
care,
faithful
six
five
and
may
know
normal.
difficult
attention
number
of
of
four
per
without
any
Successful
matter
to
all
and
the
cent
three
question
artificial
depends
necessary
18
days,
ning
begin-
so
will
govern
supply
and
sixth
twelfth
that
his
of
half
a
the
the
to
oration
evap-
incubation
solely
details
lose
who
from
from
much
the
the
or
find
should
and
eggs
cent
per
one-half
is
first
from
about
of
days,
Eggs
ventilation
evaporation
an
first
and
day
regulation
It
the
the
will
therefore,
operator,
selected
studying
accuracy.
increasing
not
or
beginner
during
in
during
whether
by
weight.
by
weight
The
tell
the
any
gradually
a
but
showing
periods
evaporation
with
their
end.
or
gets
day
eighteenth
of
the
the
during
twelfth
this
the
to
by
that
do
evaporation
evaporation
cent
egg
certain
for
tester,
an
chart
a
of
amount
proper
or
usually
of
evaporation
cent
per
of
the
moisture
to
the
cell
can
amount
with
determine
to
weigh
cell
air
operator
proper
the
description,
the
of
Starting
of
ascertaining
verbal
a
expert
the
securing
almost
it
not
herewith
Evaporation.
for
development
the
hatch.
he
the
low
be-
or
given
poor
the
RECORD.
Machine
Gauging
per
and
above
hatch,
of
cause
INCUBATOR
DAILY
to
each
the
secured.
are
the
of
the
ascertaining
sample
the
record
a
been
not
to
as
cooled
been
has
temperature
to
include
statement
a
have
eggs
which
in
also
but
during
used
great
which
for
normal.
should
readings
should
which
records,
of
ascertained
be
can
average
proper
keeping
daily
time
time
The
high.
careful
only
MONEY
upon
of
the
is
lar
regu-
work,
CHICKEN
and
the
if
eggs
of
the
It
is
results
of
the
the
but
the
will
is
done
nave
the
the
them
give
side
out-
reasons,
method;
work
been
has
too
high
vieath
of
large
The
fact
that
died
is
of
period
of
losses
hatch.
reduced
by
careful
particularly
shell
the
pipping
in
supplied
out
of
"stickers"
the
hot
and
water
latter
the
be
spreading
is
machine
part
of
saved
by
machines
most
in
often
may
the
it
over
due
and
been
the
to
day.
right
dates
the
or
The
time,
run
too
succeed
that
insufficient
may
this
to
woolen
heavy
day
at
up
this
at
moisture,
eggs.
then
trouble
Chicks
a
the
have
temperature
added
the
for
for
twenty-first
wringing
often
hatch.
by
time,
same
however,
low.
too
machine
the
the
allow
exposing
developed
machine
the
handling
to
not
in
moisture
the
or
in
care
more
housing,
eighteenth
the
the
to
eighteenth
the
from
ensue
yet
vigor
given
have
has
frequently,
Very
day.
tility
fer-
and
and
time
this
instance
every
vigor,
the
the
after
wrong
nearly
In
high
responsible
conditions
something
that
pen
incubation,
all
until
that
proof
breeding
directions
and
on
we
feeding
during
are
developed
any
eighteenth
the
incubator
chicks
have
of
various
the
everything
constitutional
before
period
the
and
show
of
plenty
Low
cubation
in-
in
day
the
may
temperatures
the
of
of
Eggs
day.
a
low
of
chicks
the
that
being
long
for
that
conditions
embryo
us
mating
conditions
the
to
the
01
have
apparently
carefully
and
the
indicates
twentieth
with
accounts
incubator.
numbers
point
this
life
the
too
or
therefore
not
the
in
improper
operation
successful
the
of
too
shell
the
incubator
from
come
to
eighteenth
follow
to
failure
in
Day.
eighteenth
from
pen,
for
to
during
average,
the
regard
wrong,
the
eggs
holding
of
if
in
time
embryos
breeding
dead
settles
was
about
the
cloth
The
management
succumb
best
the
artificial
an
which
complaints
misunderstanding
nature
that
and
in
hatch.
Eighteenth
on
chicks
critical
a
which
at
high
development
various
is
good
as
Die
to
incubation.
is
be
for
true
the
at
the
on
sonably
rea-
artificial
hens
the
during
incubator
almost
of
regard
general
a
affecting
back
the
is
where
a
will,
vigorous,
getting
few
compare
incubator
in
in
cases
least
to
This
that
be
all
intervals
the
hens.
number
in
there
to
and
at
Embryos
large
operators
and
set
trouble
in
at
is
done.
The
in
set
cell
that
fact
mere
Why
to
air
will
as
results
properly
time
is
to
that
any
advisable
learned
expected
not
good
as
and
germ
stock
be
not
is
incubator
the
31
breeding
should
It
being
is
time
same
there
hatches.
good
incubation
from
come
condition
healthy
MONEY
which
a
cotton
presence
moisture
is
VII.
CHAPTER
CHICKS.
BROODING
While
rarely
much
profitable
proportion
be
to
are
brood
generally
in
illustrated
coop
Fig.
under
feet
It
built
be
may
illustration,
building
in
this
will
add
four
by
For
way.
feet,
eight
confined
should
be
settled
weather.
to
coop
Artificial
In
raising
indispensable.
chickens
It
is
on
hardly
a
and
about
two
in
high
front.
runs,
shown
in
make
the
mistake
of
second-hand
sound
good
economy
and
the
of
be
on
Chicks
first
month
the
which
frame,
should
covered
netting.
building
part
upper
run
lumber
in
muslin-covered
for
is
or
real
high
run
The
also
the
mesh
and
hens.
boxes
covered
inches
one-inch
the
a
The
feet
of
season
with
fifteen
with
is
the
warmth.
fully
bottom
in
not
built
there
provided
its
to
greatly
the
except
be
and
early
use
should
Do
If
difficulties
the
coop
two
store
results.
time
long
a
and
covered
however.
cheaply,
last
front
coop
excellent
This
using
with
safe
and
Coop
Brood
long
by
provided
gives
too
will
they
feet
hens
convenient
be
of
out
If
with
to
conditions.
cheaply
very
found
Handy
all
half
a
when
and
lumber,
and
two
deep,
A
of
many
brooding
be
is
cost
is
when
gained.
convenient
a
preventing
will
20"
practically
of
accompany
20
Figure
efficient
in
be
may
provision
chicks
labor
The
advantages
the
greatly
assist
which
raised.
it
hatching,
brooding
for
them
for
hens
of
favor
be
to
whatever
however,
will
losses
in
upon
are
to
used,
coop
and
depend
to
numbers
considerable
all
said
be
may
about
all
sides
and
hen
or
until
Brooding.
larger
worth
while
32
scale,
to
however,
try
to
brooders
maintain
are
a
large
CHICKEN
Figure
16"
MONEY
Convenient
NesT:
A
Pure-Bred
Figure
17"
for
Poultry
Farm
Flock
House
CHICKEN
Figure
Figure
19"
Good
Way
to
18"
Brood
A
MONEY
Corner
Small
in
Lots"
a
Setting
Too
Room
Laborious
for
General
Work
CHICKENMONEY
34
Is
the
in
with
than
greater
even
long
""it foods
Chicks.
daily
than
rather
will
you
deal
great
the
48
are
first
feed
as
should
general
for
moistened
commercial
and
varying
A
with
questionable
liowever,
will
to
size
proper
able
his
After
small
a
is
Rolled
by
small
with
In
stirred
into
fine
then
a
becomes
half
mixed
bran
pounds
quite
of
stiff
it is
should
crumbly.
of
be
Wet
ground
can
be
prepare
makes
pound
stirred
mashes
in
an
water
egg
mixed
good
as
until
should
as
be
should
consistency,
of
cellent
ex-
sometimes
meal
corn
its
corn
hard-boiled
perhaps
in
and
of
are
of
boiling
one
omitted
composed
cakes
is
mush-like
about
he
scalded
mash
thing
any-
ordinarily
be
amount
shorts
this
shorts,
shorts,
and
and
foods
middlings,
corn
mash
a
of
until
and
and
limited
a
bran
preparation
meal
corn
wheat
with
of
bran
using
use.
Pone,
Ordinary
while
many,
the
of
it
poultryman,
will
may
provided.
bread.
quantities
anything.
and
oats
preferred
be
quantity
for
for
and
though
in
than
cheaper
in
cracked
millet,
these
bread-crumbs
days
may
substitute
food
a
foods
wheat
average
and
waste,
condition
better
three
The
is
practicable.
available,
obtain
to
food
mixed
is
advantage
oats.
avoid
chick
in
and
or
and
to
real
this, chick
poultry
corn,
hemp,
be
may
any
difficult
sifted
substitutes
with
used.
it
find
two
various
wheat
corn,
and
mixture
own
meal
to
is
in
for
slightly
Chick
food
of
as
surplus
food
of
days
finely-cracked
grains
hours.
the
grains
chick
of
of
amounts
there
commercial
buy
to
finely-cracked
small
other
whether
addition
in
of
parts
very
such
and
corn
equal
24
safest
dealers
rule
their
have
and
of
various
Home-mixing
is
oats,
Kaffir
day's
until
safest
first
ration.
by
up
number
a
proportions.
pinhead
is
put
chicks
bread-crumbs
couple
a
the
the
and
is
days
the
of
to
The
simplest
After
half
At
down
them
small,
very
three
or
milk.
or
of
formula
good
be
eating
by
could
feeding
it, after
a
do.
self
let
makes
ends
she
and
need
The
two
preparation
consisting
to
she
usually
sary
neces-
hatched.
are
that
advocate.
care
ever,
how-
not
they
never
chicks
seem
least
at
of
is
as
one's
the
things,
It
thing
some
always
first
water
form
as
the
removed.
the
with
should
food
should
promptly
use
72
but
tie
to
rule
of
they
as
soon
the
the
or
will
best
is
see
soon
choice
brooding
the
It
others.
you
well
of
conduct
feeds
be
is
not
old,
the
first
The
is
hours
watch
to
it
observance
xmvarying
they
that
and
"
as
the
Some
counts.
is given,
food
if
be.
to
than
hen
mother
when
time
same
is
the
fuss
herself
all
it
of
that
chicks
feed
to
watch
ought
easier
success
desirable
or
If
make
to
seem
they
method
precise
and
comparatively,
what
are
chicks
young
importance,
care
the
feeding
of
little
of
is
the
and
method
precise
factory
satis-
less
much
are
run.
Feeding
The
results
and
hens
bran
the
and
to
one
mixture
always
be
CHICKEN
mixed
so
that
is squeezed
not
in
first
the
four
five
or
all
eat
moisture
No
half
chick
food
within
the
results.
and
of
and
nothing
is
one,
nothing
to
much
it is
weeks
the
and
chick
whole
the
chicks
the
ration.
if confined
As
to
soon
should
they
to
extent
some
even
the
on
before
and
mash
dry
laying
the
and
mash
wheat
in
this
after
two
Fed
chicks
size,
in
cockerels
the
this
houses
is
laying
and
crowded
broilers
as
100
quarters
begin
at
in
laying
night
to
the
125
fall.
earlier
in
hot,
in the
the
feeds
if
of
wet
provided
with
the
treated
chicks
This
either
ready
coops
when
or
colony
to
more
grow
is possible
brood
quarters.
comfortably
will
will
selling
the
using
are
the
generally
other
to
are
increase
is
and
house
they
growing
the
coops
sexes
each
fall than
ill-ventilated
which
secured
their
summer,
until
so
stantly
con-
corn,
with
given
that
them
removing
Pullets
kept
be
daily
as
the
separating
pullets
range,
chicks,
cracked
will
are
overcrowding.
10,
having
be
necessary
Fig.
the
mixture
see
be
part
in
shown
to
houses
of
entirely
on
two
all
or
latter
the
type
accommodate
by
done
done
of
avoid
conditions
found
growing
by
need
care
their
be
feeding
over-
supplied.
except
age
will
that
carefully
to
also
of
of
mash
or
however,
danger
chicks
results
one
overfeed.
to
containing
same
Better
special
that
box
of
cost
range,
no
flocks
corn
the
ordinary
with
five
or
cracked
not
will
benefited
the
are
is
it
low
or
of
clean,
conveniently
most
If
and
be
not
grain
little
ventilation
additional
portion
pro-
life, especially
the
under
few
are
feeding
months
reasonably
kept
safe
the
four
and
on
methods
using
other
out
months
supplied.
way
nothing
or
for
taken
There
and
two
hopper
or
good
system
used
chick's
be
get
eat.
There
scrap,
this
to
and
give
sour,
reducing
the
should
to
will
hopper
are
of
care
will
a
meat
hens
addition
in
them
stead,
month
feeding
that
farm,
that
cheap
will
ration
thus
chicken,
least.
this
on
dropped
of
age
at
be
rations
are
is
gradually
they
hopper
use
what
surplus
should
Chicks.
fed
able
young
the
to
feeding
its
are
all
active
permitted
other
nothing
in
yards,
or
fed
be
the
fed
be
first
chicks
reaching
practical
to
may
the
runs
be
an
after
been
supplied
the
as
Growing
have
During
should
feeds
foods
any
to
ing
Durhave
fed.
food
wheat
feeds
be
of
mouldy,
mash
is used
form.
which
properly
regard
this
mid-day
make
food
life it should
may
these
if
will
excess
Feeding
After
and
every
often,
in
after
number
but
the
soft
evening
chicks
two
a
better,
without
which
in
There
of
be
and
The
when
chick's
minutes,
removed.
reach
the
the
ten
kind
should
of
morning
or
possibly
or
successful,
and
five
observed
what
which
of
litter.
Little
sloppy
in
promptly
good
as
The
food,
35
be
rations
weeks
day.
a
will
in
six
will
matter
day's
or
soft
they
be
the
month
of
should
are
free
hand.
feeds
form
some
no
the
than
more
MONEY
small
go
to
ly
rapidthey
are
brood-
CHICKENMONEY
36
which
ers
be
should
care
taken
in
advantage
likely
are
There
checked
are
pullets
when
they
they
until
the
increased,
the
of
that
are
likely
are
This
pullets
eggs
be
were
plump,
get
When
the
intended
and
flock
this
market
decidedly
for
make
is
a
objectionable
for
nezt
fat
ration
and
of
follow
season's
little
earlier
that
the
rather
than
laying
follows
intended
practical
to
the
the
a
practice
egg
is
growing
are
proportion
quite
in
feeding
development
of
laying
means
which
foods
for
begin
to
they
to
what
as
considerable
a
fowl
the
practice
tendency
by
ing
feed-
mean
further
.grown,
early
November.
growth
while
lay
for
of
general
rapid
fattening
organs
egg
consequence.
would
not
the
first
of
Usually
feeding
bringing
In
much
so
pullefs
should
in
time.
well
they
the
by
maturity
will
normally.
fattening
other
it
no
eggs
early.
to
result
not
increasing
would
they
is
the
food
production
but
few
a
extremely
early
should
Pullets
stimulating
natural
to
is
with
attention
possible
term
if,
by
animal
for
and
growth.
but
rapidly,
than
possible
There
maturity
laying
them
shortest
the
early
special
get
growth
by
check
and
to
the
in
meant
by
easily
non-productive
hatched
some
feeding
rapid
size
to
order
speaking,
for
is
is
to
Maturity.
too
unless
give
to
in
Strictly
full
it
pullets
the
laying
be
Early
of
danger
breeds
necessary
maturity
is
little
is
dual-purpose
is
permit
September.
after
then
for
Feeding
it
April
to
raised
being
are
spring.
following
the
not
for
will
and
Leghorns
in
however,
moult
to
in
maturity
to
doing,
so
fall
early
hatched
If
pullets
Leghorn
bring
If
outgrown.
during
rapidly.
too
mature
long
have
they
growth
solely
method
it
as
for
to
in
corn
the
breeding
a
the
follow,
of
case
pen.
CHAPTER
FEEDING
The
the
however,
as
been
do
we
is
well
no
go
which
fowls
not
know
for
between
ration
the
carbohydrates
doubted
been
Much
depends
or
one,
ultimate
the
Probably
1:5,
in
digestible
the
a
various
hint
worth
protein
crude
to
to
and
working
it
is
our
have
been
of
of
is
so-called
digestibility
estimates
has
to
to
meet
the
on
err
wide
rather
balance
to
about
flock
the
exact
safer
too
flock.
narrower
feeder
which
rations,
would
five
pounds
is
than
their
own
be
to
seem
plain
that
rations,
proved
the
about
in
need
we
so
to
that
be
too
are
safe
a
we
and
a
and
37
The
pound
of
fats
raised
to
which
complicated
for
keep
practical
closer
but
to
simple
ordinary
method
easier
these
instructions
usual
comparatively
and
presented
one
while
simpler
may
as
in
proportion
ration.
ratio,
nutritive
feeder,
the
best
fat
therefore,
carbohydrates
of
combined
this
out
analyses,
food
and
starch
protein,
crude
of
experienced
the
practical
little
ratio
the
to
make
to
it
the
than
as
opportunity
narrow
tables
be
should
nutrients
known
and
a
fair
a
up
values,
carbohydrate
for
with
values
the
ordinary
the
the
of
permanent
rather
possible
regardless
taking.
Taking
in
it
ration
the
make
rarely
is
theory,
a
ratio
the
manent
per-
a
somewhat
for
has
widely.
as
health
and
be
feeding
results
nutritive
a
nutrients
event,
as
Fowls
narrow.
rations
well
as
make
any
having
of
too
In
at
the
may
differ
upon
the
the
and
It
practical
quick
on
safe
enough
to
nutrient,
practice
for
in
existing
looked
winter
crude
of
is
fed
the
a
Not
foods
basis.
condition
side
basis
nutrients.
this
on
the
on
seems
our
mentally.
experi-
out
nutrients.
for
and
ration
in
wider
This
summer.
be
aiming
are
little
ratio
flock
the
of
proportion
Opinions
may
feeders
a
if estimated
of
effect
most
running
the
which
have
planning
for
flesh-building
the
may
experiments
everything
heat-making
yet.
whether
one
the
or
and
Ratio.
nutritive
as
on
trying
know,
to
nothing
basis
practical
studied.
like
know
feeding
than
the
or
would
we
accuracy
imperfectly
we
that
meant
best
determined
fully
of
fat,
the
that
Nutritive
is
scientific
very
careful
protein,
and
whether
all
better
ratio
nutritive
with
been
saying
The
By
has
thoroughly
a
much
feed
to
Enough
us
is
PRODUCTION
able
of
blind.
give
to
EGG
not
excuse
it
made
feeding,
is
nutrition
because
Just
FOR
poultryman
because
VIII,
the
without
of
lines
being
use,
puting
com-
that
in-
38
CHICKEN
in
volved
calculations
complicated
the
be
can
done
and
estimating
alone,
and
this
has
been
which
to
of
an
weighing
of
four-ounce
total
15
of
her
trial
a
crude
of
cent
proportion
this
for
err
figure
the
on
protein
less
of
than
protein
more
advantage
in
needs
the
demand.
fowls
will
continued
practical
reduced
needs
the
upon
in
the
this
to
the
get
Contrary
of
efficiency
too
to
enter
little
points
protein
belief, the
common
decidedly
low,
hens
may
be
greatly
affected
crude
it
as
or,
of
is
sometimes
fibre
crude
3.5
and
a
simple
illustrate
one,
no
the
long
It is
is
cause
beis
than
times
some-
materially
protein
which
she
of
weight
food
tax
unnecessary
of
the
cent.
per
as
In
carefully
be
crude
but
the
by
expressed,
ascertained
ordinary
reckoned
by
feeding,
are
the
fibre
which
health
too
and
much
"bulk."
repeated
or
The
ments
experi-
then,
the
only
percentages
of
fibre.
Computing
To
proportion
is
must
there
Fibre.
ration
that
much
protein
it
an
the
about
is
carries
to
organs.
proportion
proper
from
better
and
total
into
fibre,
the
widely
of
if
of
makes
that
fowls.
but
larger
computing
proportion
the
weight
consumption
foods,
Taking
is excessive,
cost
feeding
of
much
a
Crude
should
the
the
of
of
ration
a
ity
opportun-
the
nutrient,
health
the
vary
larger
a
cent
per
probably
is
If the
proportion,
consume
food
digestive
the
it
to
order
must
increased
the
and
in
it
that
in
needed
desirable
is
not
Excessive
reduce
to
hen,
day,
each
feeding
injurious
be
It
expensive
ounces
proportions.
should
found
four
given
basis,
.55
hen"
laying
assortment
the
more.
be
most
our
practical
of
than
it will
to
If
these
though
16
protein
is from
daily
protein
proper
as
of
that
of
of
proportion
about
14
easy.
ration
reasons,
rather
this
is always
protein
fairly
practical
side
a
therefore,
the
need
shown
which
discussion
amount
consume
approximate
protein,
in
will
protein
crude
proper
the
protein.
from
will
becomes
ration
of
one
of
the
amount
in
crude
ration
hen
following
how
will
total
of
the
have
pounds
require
form
own
laying
average
per
will
basis
size
tests
the
get
the
is in
select
to
the
out
"nutritive
term
the
that
average
the
of
use
explain
assumed
five
to
ration
weight
of
average
and
daily,
is
Repeated
ounce.
the
on
feed
hen
laying
good
a
.65
in
to
space
it
out,
on
adopted
is
taking
worked
the
rations
our
method
Without
feeding.
working
Protein."
abandoning
by
ratio"
"Total
by
Feeding
This
in
necessary
ratios.
nutritive
exact
MONEY
this
using
method
corn,
bran
of
and
Rations.
computing
meat
rations
scrap.
For
let
ease
us
make
in
making
up
CHICKEN
computations
trial
of
100.
If
of
bran
and
pounds
15
and
40
of
100-pound
300
scrap,
of
shall
in
is
shown
as
lots
pounds
we
pounds
fibre,
39
in
of
meat
67
crude
be
ration
of
which
of
pounds
should
trial
a
pounds
feed,
of
rations
take
we
MONET
the
in
form
the
Crude
Bran
Meat
Total
15.2
67
four
fibre
consider
it
it lacks
There
are
such
in
ration
not
of
ounce
values
of
crude
who
are
who
and
up
measure
first place
the
that
shown
equally
do
to
of
hen
the
well
if they
get
apparent
on
does
prefers
hens
that
the
are
back
that
a
to
to
in
do
our
this
not
be
not
wide
the
a
in
thing
quantities
large
of
production
large
result
this
be
of
due
choice
preferences,
their
best.
corn,
bran
and
does
not
offer
meat
mu?h
treatment
previous
and
The
much
so
in
and
scrap
will
probably
and
things
ration.
to
ments
Experi-
another.
to
so
her
necessity
for
the
fact
to
feeding,
these
ration
choice,
is
what
and
people,
as
age
same
uniform
range
feed
to
reach
to
accomplishing
well
the
seem
success
important
as
breeding,
like
will
while
likely
be
fowls
ration.
the
may
the
record
egg
consume
in
aids
individual
have
to
ration
a
is possible
never
never
same
not
degree
most
hens
can
hen
any
It
of
The
the
the
studies
with
foods
of
average
who
that
and
are
preferences
one
all do
therefore,
variety,
they
but
the
feeder
well.
as
fair
a
variety
personal
hens
with
is
not
In
hen
practical
a
as
flocks
does
knows
hens
fowls
important
most
variety
acceptable
To
an
estimate
itself, and
appetites
there
which
the
have
Hens
suited
of
A
however,
assortment
with
get
to-
reasonable
providing
rather
is
eggs
without
One
that
provide
proportions
it, every
for
his
production.
of
for
food,
not
.60
their
It
variety
an
range,
open
average
have
fibre.
however.
in
of
the
of
indefinitely
on
are
eggs.
is
would
crude
to
to
Variety.
their
lose
health
the
ration
feeding
of
this
one.
greatly
care
limited
so
later
or
suffer, if not
a
to
of
sooner
high
15
offered
the
of
magic
performance
and
consists
fowls
9
"
ration
how
fibre
6
poultrymen,
as
particulars,
no
seem
appetite
such
is
there
does
will
Crude
lbs.
get
not
of
simply
practical
many
of
would
is
few
a
this
cent
ration
ration
a
table:
variety.
While
that
that
440
protein
67
above
Value
the
22
considering
thoroughly
a
ideal
the
fowl
40
illustration
an
suggested,
feeding- just about
to
15
per
this
given
as
protein.
and
3y2
of
ration
merely
basis
the
on
100
find
we
and
daily
The
but
by 440
protein
ounces
protein.
ration,
15
and
of
cent
per
eating
of
300
440
Dividing
of
crude
protein
lbs.
30
scrap
total
a
of
pounds
accompanying
lbs.
Corn
100
corn,
have
multiples
or
and
must
but
be
again,
actual
it
CHICKENMONEY
40
with
experiments
will
in
result
feedstuffs
meat
governed
might
be
used
two
over
cents
cost
and
cents
if
he
so
introduce
figure
shall
we
have
that
foods
Cheapness
price
should
points
of
one
be
it
used
when
there
is
them
and
in
real
there
deal
of
many
making
believe
to
reason
considerable
a
in
advantage
is
variety
waste.
There
noxious
weeds
is
mash,
The
either
is
moistened
practically
if it
difficult
the
that
fact
ration
is
this,
hens
the
in
some
of
The
important
used
chiefly
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and
safely
will
form
Most
their
of
mash.
and
we
protein
it
is
a
ducing
intro-
can
to
its
to
daily
for
understood.
not
secured
escape
the
reasons
which
by-products
be
seems
through
of
of
It
it is the
cannot
portion
number
The
so.
needed
a
and
omit
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because
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feeding
glad
probably
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able
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mash
mash
are
is
be
but
when
only
and
compounding
a
grains,
poultry
results,
feeding,
There
the
The
in
best
that
with
of
ground
would
us
good
get
with
do
which
fed
are
danger
in
largely
of
and
so
reckon
is
grains.
extra
do
supply
to
feeds
grains.
of
mixture
a
quite
understood
thing
digestion,
grains.
to
them
in
whole
the
to
factor
to
figures
indispensable.
possible
were
most
dry,
or
may
whether
effort
scratch
mixed
pensive
ex-
Mash.
applied
term
a
too
grains
doubtful
considerable
purchasing
The
usually
grains
different
also
when
ably
consider-
Other
the
is
which
oats,
carrying
it is
both
and
liberally
special
a
that
of
in
but
est
lowvalues
Wheat
and
though
object,
an
used
home.
at
secured.
feeding
ration.
though
the
the
mean
be
foods,
grown
it
makes
easily
Buckwheat
so.
analyses,
unless
use
should
and
do
their
most
the
fibre,
and
select
palatability,
up
ration
practical
a
and
different
even
making
excellent
are
price
any
contain
good
to
general
for
be
grains
corn
have
to
the
exceeds
initial
table
necessarily
one
products
protein
of
food.
and
which
down
and
or
to
exceed
our
percentages
in
valuable
fibre,
more
cost
grains
economical
resemble
closely
the
digestibility
considered
most
our
makes
price
Different
their
by
keep
however,
not,
pound.
per
correct
palatable
most
profitable
his
of
cost
average
accompanying
the
of
to
for
to
proper
consult
does
measured
as
the
cheapest,
are
market
wish
we
variety,
more
to
the
exception
conditions,
ordinary
would
poultry
not
ought
exceptional
now
still provide
and
ration
ration
a
If
of
kind
any
under
an
feed
pound.
a
to
as
have
profitably
can
pound
or
necessary
for
farm
the
a
must
cents
two
pound
economy.
that
the
With
cost.
ever
and
hens
feeding
use
additional
choosing
In
in
the
it is
if
a
of
average
one-half
poultryman
of
continued
its
availability
by
advantage
to
doubtful
The
largely
account
on
is
it
scrap
pay
be
practical
be
not
must
we
things
Many
production.
moderate
very
that
shown
have
ration
this
more
stimulate
medium
to
reinforce
the
ars
cheaply
appetite
introduce
common
CHICKEN
Figure
23" Raising
Chicks
Figure
in
24"
the
Fowls
MONEY
Pasture
Field"
Feeding
in
A
Good
Fattening
Place
Crates
but
Lacks
Shade
CHICKEN
It
is
is
too
comparatively
he
better
that
it
condition
merit
some
is
in
shown
ordinary
mash
feeding.
sticky
oats
be
can
condition
of
animal
mash
formulas.
To
gluten,
of
Ground
without
food
oil
meal
the
fowl
and
all
practical
for
gluten
of
fact
The
ration
as
to
the
of
new
at
factors
may
be
fed
with
returns
per
hen
and
the
secured
in
that
way.
rations
the
Whether
of
convenience.
is
mash
much
not
is properly
Under
way.
with
especially
fed
are
dry
fed
mash,
the
when
it may
generally
hens
usually
in
there
and
little
are
be
kept
danger
wet
art
be
can
of
the
sary
neces-
simpler
possible
not
are
the
in
the
eating
to
hens
too
flocks.
all
much
the
in
good
sults
re-
its favor,
it is
time,
and
wet
other
any
get
If
There
the
in
arguments
large
ing
mix-
it.
when
than
it is possible
matter
a
proper
learn
that
secured
important
before
it is
is largely
about
statement
kept
change
introduction
largest
never
men
however,
are
the
simple
such
investment
dry
or
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some
results
conditions,
some
dry
better
a
good.
so
that
the
the
on
of
be
is
up
many
while
And
it
Mash.
of
the
question
to
room
and
mash,
wet
of
feeding
and
fed
is something
the
make
to
the
proof
results,
Dry
be
should
mash
There
it.
do
profit
and
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meal
cated
compli-
too
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good
good
fairly
ration
some
and
scrap
pretty
largest
our
upon
the
to
with
fighting
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advantageous
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protein.
omit
likely
start
meat
is
step,
every
least
at
and
ration,
complicated
more
or
bran
wheat
corn,
feeders
successful
most
that
some
all
of
entirely
and
not
are
or
effect
is possible
it
correct
results
in
form
only
added
into
believe,
that
theoretically
but
mentioned,
foods
is true
It
may
Rations.
introduced
some
crease
in-
to
practically
source
Complicated
as
of
to
partly
scrap
beneficial
cheap
a
the
Meat
part
the
partly
sometimes
its
making
expensive,
too
waste.
tion
propor-
a
added,
is
bran
does
as
and
not
this
are
as
are
and,
be
will
that
if
for
largely
use.
oats,
and
however,
without
mash
essential
an
foods
complicated,
decidedly
ration
these
the
oretically
The-
bran,
large
usually
of
feedstuffs
Advantage
When
is
serious
is
these
the
used
Frequently
tables.
for
as
have
to
seems
results
add
in
fowls
Experiments,
good
be
meal
It
substitute
as
can
because
the
feeding
feeders
most
Corn
fed
the
cheaper.
give
as
added.
form
digestion
bran
gummy.
other
and
not
mechanical
advantageously
which
much
shorts
it.
in
satisfactory
a
his
bran
practical
the
mash
keeps
without
for
be
palatability.
its
be
done
does
To
or
or
the
improve
be
should
middlings
of
be
of
and
that
but
value,
basis
results
accounted
alfalfa
that
the
as
better
can
not
should
home-grown
have
brings
mathematically
feeding
it
use
41
prove
actual
to
than
that
alfalfa
when
its
continues
knows
to
easy
for
expensive
poultryman
MONEY
as
in
to
be
they
many
42
CHICKEN
cases
are
question
the
is
doubtful
is
better
be
and
plan
hens
instead
of
well
better
been
guide
a
to
prepared.
the
careful
injured
it
is
Rations
and
convenience
estimated
average
the
have
fowls
from
ration
than
this
need
be
that
given
without
in
time,
decidedly
of
proportion
that
they
enough
protein.
able
economically
this
the
than
on
practically
the
food
to
value
the
of
April
the
as
the
two
and
which
a
of
half
total
need
attention
be
feeding,
ought
be
to
from
kept
given
but
before
as
.60
the
to
it is
is
seeds
rarely
corn
or
secure
and
corn
The
least;
and
it
the
more
greater
the
should
will
they
do
of
answer
flock
same
be
specialist.
ratio
hens
do
fed
At
with
to
of
the
repeating
all
the
well
very
with
compared
and
ounce
worth
the
grains,
economy.
to
will
laying
laying,
when
protein
practical
feed
ration
on
this
Rations.
is not
of
ounces
required
she
that
hen
average
subject
farm
is low.
range
Maintenance
The
attention
and
can
at
the
less
considerable
a
because
of
their
the
worms
needed
flock
of
mistaken
farm
Where
of
whole
of
consumed
an
decidedly
up
they
ration
on
part
of
mash
dry
protein
be
must
basis
same
is
and
prices,
hen.
per
common
consisting
have
supplied.
bugs,
but
of
will
it then.
as
little
make
the
grain
entire
November
the
box
a
ing.
feed-
based
phase
wholly
ration
additional
an
which
From
purpose.
to
the
range,
farm
a
access
grain
of
weight
Such
have
from
secure
a
that
will
ration
feed
time
be
foods
pass
from
the
on
balance
properly
should
find
to
exclusively.
hens
protein
night
are
may
the
almost
Fowls
or
not
acceptance,
to
daily
this
fact
consisting
needed
the
are
to
wheat
time
in
weak
the
to
If
rations
months
of
to
ing
digest-
such
to
blind
ration
values
morning
by
considerable
summer
fair, however,
attention
summer
the
nutritive
be
not
calling
the
during
and
the
to
noon
rations
a
appear
grain.
sample
ounces
secure
supplied
the
source
for
time
These
of
not
in the
it.
to
Hens.
from
four
time
one
forenoon
convenient
for
them
and
range
amount,
It would
intended
consumption
farm
that
fed
It
adapted
extent
some
following
not
suggest.
season
litter
Laying
the
modify
all
more
for
that
It does
early
be
to
considered.
is
mash
to
is
test
around
the
feeding
are
be
probable
it is usually
will
must
season.
in
be
They
feeder
it
feeding
of
feed
digging
proper
mash
the
sluggishly
flock
and
wet
actual
the
likely
average
results,
and
heavy
actively
Sample
As
flock
If
by
of
rest
standing
will
they
the
In
the
a
feed
to
show
to
the
give
to
the
time
if
on
little.
too
eat
possible
another
good
laying
to
proper
is
depends
a
it
the
it
than
have
give
of
if
Something
to
likely
more
MONEY
the
on
four
corresponding
a
about
.35.
time,
a
box
whether
ounces
tion
reduc-
No
maintenance
that
about
special
ration
of
dry
in
mash
laying
or
CHICKEN
not;
if this
and
the
appetite
the
protein
dry
under
mash
half
usually
of
In
table
by
or
is
this
is
accurate
of
those
fact
in
that
for
practical
the
It is
Table
have
to
appears
is
all
the
entirely ignored
been
of
Stuffs
Feeding
Protein
c.
p.
10
which
convenience
is
crude
the
called
protein
except
fat
of
percentage
of
percentage
taken
reference
attention
factors
the
that
the
decimal,
are
general
for
but
given,
probable
as
table
rations
Composition
Average
of
the
in
from
the
For
purposes.
needed.
given
nearest
day.
the
be
to
values
values
the
to
of
part
is
proportion
the
likely
the
these
of
given
use
sample
practically
important
to
nutrients
ignored.
are
subject
all
of
percentage
rations
one-
it
proportion
only
is
pounded
com-
mash
the
possibly
increasing
that
Most
and
wish
may
it by
is
the
usually
or
that
exposed
Feeding
enough
who
on
of
It
of
of
consumption,
exceeds
following
used.
are
and
mash
to
care
more
is
consumption
it
mash
take
extent.
consume
the
to
modification
the
page
Feeds
the
only
compounding
on
fibre
the
If
will
they
will
As
food
check
a
leaving
about
Henry's
the
put
hens
total
is adjusted
feeding
considerable
a
them.
heavily.
to
fowls
to
objection
no
the
of
laying
bran
This
be
advisable
the
of
for
good
can
one-third
when
daily grain
conditions
some
there
the
themselves
is
than
reaching
and
condition
problem
that
true
is done
and
43
MONEY
fibre, but
to
and
is
as
this
by investigators.
Feeding.
in Poultry
used
Carbo-
Crude
Fibre
hydrates
c.
p.
c.
p.
Fat
c.
p.
2
70
5
9
2
69
4
9
7
65
5
51
3.5
10.5
Wheat
24
12
2
72
2
Bran
15
9
54
4
Middlings
16
15
Corn
Corn
meal
Corn
and
Gluten
meal
cob
feed
Shorts
5
60
4
J
57
4.5
10
9
Buckwheat
bran
12
32
Buckwheat
middlings
29
Buckwheat
Oats
Barlev
Rye
Peas,
Canada
Kaffir
corn
Linseed
meal
Linseed
meal
or
or
oil
oil
meal
bone
Green
"Meat
scrap
Dried
blood
Whey
hay
Clover
hay
Alfalfa
Silage
Beets,
Cabbage
*
Meat
analysis
mangel
10
12
"
i
60
5
70
2
11
2
73
1.5
24
7
50
1
1
"J"
\
meal,
meal,
o.
p
new
pro
4
12
10
57
16
30
^l
33
"
33
10
48
5
ti
ao
"
38
3
24
8
22
i "
55
""
?
3
J
4
*
'
1
*
*
12
25
14,
25
3
2
6
1
y
"
"
11
1
2
scrap
on
12
3
4J
84
(gravity)
Skimmilk
Buttermilk
4
10
seed
Peanut
-
"
Millet
Sunflower
""
39
the
varies
bag
must
in composition;
widely
be
adopted.
in
practical
feeding
the
CHICKENMONEY
44
whole
A
providing
but
mash
a
Not
ration.
grain
1.
No.
Ration
results
good
as
theoretical
all the
meeting
give
to
likely
as
one
requirements.
Protein
Fibre
200
pounds
of
corn
20
200
pounds
of
wheat
24
4
100
pounds
of
oats
12
9
60
pounds
of
meat
Per
33
scrap
protein,
of
cent
fibre, 4.
15.2;
No.
Ration
simple
A
formula
4
2.
variety.
little
offering
A
little
in
high
fibre.
Protein
pounds
of
corn
50
pounds
pounds
of
buckwheat
of
mash
150
Per
of
cent
Mash
Fibre
20
200
(or
4
5
oats)
4.5
36
protein,
formula:
15.2;
200
8
fibre, 4.
of
pounds
150
bran,
100
middlings,
meat
scrap.
Ration
ration
No.
3.
A
better
200
pounds
of
corn
20
4
100
pounds
of
wheat
12
2
150
pounds
of
mash
37
9
under
conditions.
most
Protein
Per
Mash
A
protein,
meat
15.3;
100
formula:
and
oats
of
cent
3.3.
fibre,
pounds
each
Ration
No.
of
bran,
middlings,
ground
scrap.
ration
complicated
more
Fibre
but
4.
for
better
fowls
in
confinement.
Protein
pounds
of
corn
20
4
200
pounds
of
wheat
24
4
50
pounds
of
oats
250
pounds
of
mash
cent
of
Per
Mash
protein,
200
gluten
meal.
of
protein
in
with
take
the
Whether
the
Many
a
he
amount
will
will
of
to
work
be
any
doubtless
of
out
more
practical
think
of
meal,
corn
and
scrap,
pounds
feeding
50
100
100
of
pounds
21.5;
mash,
his
rations
successful
he
judgment
that
all
should
of what
knowledge
accurate
pretty
trouble
100
of
pounds
meat
middlings,
of
fibre, 5.3.
It Practical?
discussion
foregoing
The
100
of
pounds
100
bran,
pounds
Is
feed
of
middlings,
50
13.3
fibre, 3.5.
15;
pounds
feed,
Pounds
5
54.7
buckwheat
of
of
pounds
6
formula:
pounds
oil
Fibre
200
this
along
is
the
lines
too
if he
elaborate
will
suggested.
depends
with
to
one
any
doing
before
than
combines
is
enable
he
his
upon
figures.
and
the-
CHICKENMONEY
oretical
is
man
in
his
and
for
the
the
more
practical
feeding.
foolish
as
in
to
shut
Undoubtedly
but
the
be
great
work
out
For
to
the
nothing
an
ounces
length
of
needed
solely
such
eggs.
of
meat
for
hen
the
fresh
to
is
all
get
to
must
she
protein
than
is
will
producing
in
will
the
make
needs
six
hen
they
their
food
obtainable,
of
considerable
a
which
of
animal
.60
least
at
protein
in
and
corn
average
for
more
possibility
not
giving.
the
get
eat
proportion
and
are
the
if fed
would
down
whole
order
just
results,
and
they
than
of
be
sit
hens
little
no
the
would
tables
learned.
results
rations
digest
the
is
good
in
amount
meat
getting
more
get
small
a
and
daily,
can
in
have
his
hens,
hens
would
experts
they
aids
food
on
food
of
poultry-
possible
it
the
need
she
There
of
if
scrap,
feeding
maintenance
ration.
if
is
they
and
worst
of
his
than
addition
the
considerably
Average
for
a
The
is
more
time.
this
value
that
that
This
and
consume
take
find
protein
day.
a
will
would
of
just
the
all
use
rely entirely
that
why
who
man
to
rations,
getting
are
feeding
the
else
ounce
doing
is
all
understand
real
example,
to
practical
more
to
out
eyes
majority
abler
foolish
working
are
the
generally
be
one's
some
much
he
It would
mathematics
but
man,
willing
45
form
it
without
sible
pos-
eating
.
than
more
addition
will
is
the
unnecessarily
hens
their
digest
to
sooner
valueless
in
farms
most
If
is
It
liberty
and
what
can
certainly
more
care
is
that
of
in
some
no
experiments
is due
entirely
considerable
fresh
other
animal
feeding
meat
reason
is
the
the
than
to
the
food
the
in
that
it is
some
flock.
possible
the
in
they
measure
of
on
go
fowls
our
their
feed.
source
most
food
of
spite
it provides,
No
of
perhaps
or
the
Whatever
form
value
is
contained,
elements
is
considered
green
palatable
pensable
indiscut
food,
animal
form
a
the
reason,
doubt
of
fact
the
the
Whether
way.
protein
mineral
commercial
best
the
which
animal
that
feeding,
other
the
investigation.
further
that
remains
to
measure
requiring
in
or
necessity
a
practical
in
that
things
health
believing
for
reason
point
food
animal
subject
fact
is
sort
some
excellent
must
become
some
as
selecting
in
they
Food.
Animal
There
the
protect
forethought
and
but
eat,
his
them
least
in
them
allow
to
only
that
assume
proportion
the
will
they
or
fully
care-
enable
at
to
duction.
pro-
little
a
not
fibre
which
of
safe
egg
if
is
in
an
would
to
disorders,
practical
desirable
he
if
ration
result
such
that
low
so
entirely
and
the
necessary
direct
not
need
choosing
little
a
use
we
they
his
amount
a
in
learn,
that
digestive
is
It
what
we
the
and
reasons
it is also
as
from
later
or
of
properly,
food
best
it.
need
of
short
producers.
as
know
hens
far
that
day,
increase
would
values,
but
a
who
man
better,
feeding
ounces
prompt
a
the
deal
expensive
falling
are
suffer
his
out
in
hand,
good
a
four
to
result
other
good
work
one-half
usually
On
protein
and
three
in
bone
if
for
which
CHICKEN
46
food
animal
either
securing
of
until
few
to
Meat
than
should
little
in
fat
The
boiling
this
scrap
from
in
cool
form.
and
feeding
Other
of
meat
of
sources
cooked
butchering
object,
but
with
results
it
principally
due
blood
are
and
may
quite
high
be
used
often
pork
fat.
in
in
any
be
pings
drop-
accompany
of
excess
fat.
fresh
and
it
makes
price
while
meal,
of
deal
good
a
a
which
cent,
scraps
Blood
with
is
should
per
an
when
used
stored
dark-brown
to
meal,
be
30
get
become
scrap
frequently
that
to
or
fat
of
way
meat
The
indigestion
meat
if
spoil
as
pour
buying
meat
of
high
as
to
bags
spoiled
desirable.
is
food
should
are
runs
as
fertilizer
indefinitely
percentage
and
wasteful
a
should
fact,
Meat
is
of
Spoiled
in
the
be
may
animal
fat,
fertilizer.
and,
of
usually
little
any
than
scraps
are
by
little
disagreeable
like
practice
it
and
a
protein
smells
is
food.
and
respect
keep
scrap
dried
hundred-pound
in
will
chance
generally
evidences
it
quantities
prices.
scrap
higher
other
The
secured
poultry,
This
much
used.
for
meat
noted.
If
It
used
for
buying
In
probably
the
be
food
carefully
is
place.
should
dangerous
If
sample.
beef
animal
particularly
this
a
great
purchase.
cent
per
in
scrap
small
be
always
wholesale
of
it
in
be
its
dition
con-
The
cooked,
in
60
to
not
be
not
dealers
50
test
small
it should
exercised
should
to
a
local
dry,
a
mouldy
of
It
over
test
benefit
analysis
way
It should
buying.
the
best
water
under
be
or
of
analysis,
and
way
than
more
scrap
offal
the
good
way.
source
butchering
should
possible.
as
odor.
an
meat
composition
in
care
carry
of
in
for
this
in
convenient
consists
ordinary
food
in
keeping
question
commercial
most
greatly
and
the
of
animal
find
difficulties
practical
feedstuffs
out
for
and
which
varies
ground,
scrap
need
poultrymen
scrap,
more
it
practical
most
these
of
make
the
of
The
supplied.
one
fed
meet
majority
the
be
may
MONEY
an
taining
cona8
care
unsatisfactory.
Milk.
Milk
is
the
during
probably
summer
In
any
of
else
cannot
food
the
be
it
ever
ration
freely,
way
that
rations
is
be
appears
why
desirable
be
to
makes
it
more
provided
its
use
laid
down
or
feeding
but
may
been
For
at
the
substitutes
do
the
to
the
hens
of
this
and
far
not
as
be
animal
we
made
affect
worth
the
chapter.
now
wher*
cheapens
is
in
something
corn
so
the
nothing
which
rule
materially
beginning
is
Whatever
so.
will
for
during
there
rest,
it
range
confined
should
and
meat,
substitute
for
general
this
to
open
that
said
discussed
to
not
on
for
complete
a
closely
be
palatable
does
are
not
are
exceptions.
reason
no
is
fowls
it
have
substituted,
to
there
know,
general
a
appear
the
when
fowls
It
substitute
a
as
when
well.
very
however,
meat,
recommended
time
answer
winter.
of
sometimes
the
feeding
standards
IX.
CHAPTER
PRODUCTION
With
the
highly
exception
ignored
supplying
willing
to
poultry
fowls
this
secret
in
proper
feeding
production
the
of
desirable
course
of
Hocks
uniformity
the
yellow
In
They
with
are
take
to
comparatively
final
for
five
they
immediate
fattening
fattened
for
or
this
time
as
In
They
be
pen
small
house
fed
are
done
for
pens,
in
fowls
fattening
this
ordinary
however,
usual
way
market
at
purposes
do
flocks
in
fattening
the
not
and
kept
ready
three
fattening,
the
to
an.l
market
disposed
to
of
for
methods
general
two
are
is
position
dis-
of
fattening.
crate
Fattening.
crowding
pens,
the
of
or
of
for
either
start.
and
grown
state
and
fattening
pen
Pen
to
the
are
the
flesh
weight
a
fowls
occasion
their
condition
There
storage.
known
fowls,
in
degree
from
well
pretty
best
the
way
reached
the
of
most
unusual
an
little
this
in
special
at
have
they
have
in
something
are
use
they
the
for
in
respect
almost
market,
are
is
Plymouth
poultry
table
and
the
It
used
be
in
in
market.
to
this
chief
popular.
most
fowls
usually
are
is
they
prevent
the
When
fitting.
there
until
and
that
fed
exercise,
much
soft
pounds
unless
and
bodies
final
lies
appearance.
in
best
their
to
and
the
as
poultry
should
equals
are
the
of
managed
so
no
which
reference
size
pose
general-pur-
the
sent
by
income
purpose,
are
fowls
plump
skin
production
the
handled
have
and
legs
in
have
They
markets.
our
they
were
pose
general-pur-
possible
table
high-class
pure-bred
Wyandottes
this
market
quality
of
of
and
of
good
Any
for
before
that
greater
and
used
of
fowls
the
business.
be
may
Sales
their
of
part
a
the
of
breeds
meat
or
only
in
ordinary
the
flocks
keep
is
there
poultry
than
of
poultry
been
business
table
it
for
veloped,
de-
been
question
in
where
has
paying
best
who
Those
have
indicate.
if
there,
and
poultry
a
prices
double
branch
any
would
prices
realizing
are
neglecting
sake
better
obtainable.
Without
the
want
much
rapidly
would
generally
of
who
pay
table
developing
for
wholesale
of
range
farmers.
consumers
grade
high
opportunity
excellent
are
by
here
production
poultry
table
of
production
completely
an
of
POULTRY.
localities,
certain
of
lines
specialized
the
TABLE
OF
lowest
of
them
convenient
so
cost
it is most
the
represent
48
as
in
rations
for
size
to
practical.
highest
exercise.
prevent
troughs.
labor
confined
are
and
Fattening
equipment,
Fowls
quality
fattened
or
can
and
in
largest
CHICKEN
obtainable
gains
the
flesh
cannot
as
there
be
softened
MONEY
is too
much
in
as
Crate
For
20
fattening,
crate
in
shown
Fig
inches
24,
accommodating
The
bottom
mesh
netting,
four
and
weeks.
for
with
the
fowls
best
the
with
three
times
in
use
Experiments
the
40
pounds
of
required
to
to
of
parts
oatmeal
as
the
slimy
too
are
known
prices
spoil
must
be
who
market
has
alive,
to
is
nor
in
possible
handling
this
necessity
of
the
highest
milk
try
poulfowls
high-grade
them
specially
satisfactory
and
The
account.
of
way
however,
without
sending
ship
to
times
some-
this
fed,
so
or
fowls,
is
in
command
specialty
a
practicable
Dry
of
on
the
to
fed
fattened
are
are
meal,
corn
alone
Fowls
Fowls
foods
to
market
fatted
fowls
for
them
prices
shipped.
so
A
flour
and
stead
in-
middlings
palatable
palatable.
get
wheat
more
condition.
to
of
and
oatmeal
of
parts
the
buttermilk
of
other
60
tions,
sta-
in
meal
corn
low-grade
making
the
of
it, and
parts
which
their
face
fine-
the
developed
use
of
"milk-fed"
good
it is not
it
and
those
contemplates
because
dressed,
when
taken
10
little
a
as
than
quickly
man
for
market
in
little
fattening
feeders
to
ration
and
entirely
marketed
or
whole
on
with
pounds
Some
addition
meal
be
to
two
is
point
Western
1%
grain.
prove
corn
the
on
when
more
care
of
grains
fed
there
secured
the
by
used
that
pounds
About
in
or
flour
probably
mixture
Whether
and
certain
the
60
fattening
low-grade
would
softer
fine-ground
remarkably
about
of
A
extent.
some
rations
shown
in
use
flour.
flour,
is secured.
of
a
ever
what-
little
a
to
two
opportunity
quite
always
from
for
no
the
beyond
been
of
pound
low-grade
of
them
consistency
are
has
low-grade
each
inch-
quality
crates
common
method
consists
years,
heavy
with
buttermilk.
and
most
this
is
30
in
size.
in
have
results
upon
become
batter
a
compartments
consisting
fowls
mixtures
where
used
best
ration
lasti few
fatten
to
grain
The
very
day.
and
ground
in
or
similar,
to
trying
grains,
pens
deep
depending
with
excellent
one
and
three
covered
or
fibers
buttermilk
a
fowls,
confinement,
muscle
in
are
and
the
to
inches
20
into
confined
are
rations
fed
are
fowls
the
five
slatted
is
such
proper
fatteners
mixed
the
Under
exercise,
and
crate
long,
divided
to
similar
provided
feet
is
three
this
of
6
crate
from
exercise
for
crates.
are
is
This
high.
opportunity
Fattening.
crates
which
49
still
discouraging
more
for
sending
the
best
appearance
Picking.
the
markets
but
also
chickens
demand
because
thing
to
the
beginner
dry-picked.
dry-picking,
the
fowls
In
not
keep
is
the
all
nearly
only
in
on
cessity
ne-
stances
in-
account
better
con-
MONEY
CHICKEN
so
The
dition.
has
little
His
chance
first
attempts
it
simple
finds
a
shudder
and
hands
the
only
the
few
A
all
the
to
then
and
learn
keep
in
the
that
is
expert
knife,
a
of
motions
box.
to
is
There
best
the
get
he
until
practicing
experts.
the
quick
few
a
feathers
the
and
over
by
The
with
cuts
city
a
near
reassuring.
quick
struggles,
beginner
and
of
live
not
it is practiced
as
seldom
are
couple
convulsive
it is
for
way
self-help
at
instruction
possible
dry-picking
matter.
a
and
one
learn
to
does
who
poultryman
average
has
mastered
art.
In
the
which
mouth
the
of
the
dry-picking
neck,
the
severs
then
and
first makes
expert
the
the
large
bird
knife
the
is
as
the
feathers
loosen
and
the
begin
the
of
column
spinal
and
that
latter
Sticking
the
knife
reaching
There
Vessels
Blood
the
for
difficult
It is
small
a
with
in
skill
no
head
commonly
this
by
will
a
to
the
point
other
it up
in
as
be
applying,
about
slipnoose
is
is
the
with
be
used
of
is
but
ter.
bet-
point
front
of
of
the
or
skull,
stick.
of
killing
(fowls
the
are
both
ones
tolerably
find
experts
even
when
they
the
of
out
are
farmer
the
or
them.
Method.
which
and
clubbing
hung
the
This
inside
are
whether
simpler
that
fowl
even
may
and
Dry-Picking
against
bleed
into
satisfactorily use
can
the
the
two
They
methods
therefore,
which
method
these
used.
neck
and
the
in
just
methods
but
the
fowl
inserting
forcing
acquire,
these
flock
Simple
method,
Another
cord
most
employing
A
picking
dry-picking,
questionable,
with
poultryman
for
beginner
difficulty in
practice.
its
are
side
out-
an
cut
25" Showing
Figure
some
by
and
with
cross
make
outside
same
ket
mar-
followed.
windpipe
a
the
eye
the
to
is
blood-vessels.
is done
from
the
under
Large
making
is supposed
method
the
tighten
through
the
both
before
Boston
knife
severs
practice,
In
is done
between
ears,
of
and
bleeding
running
cut,
back
or
ease.
feathers
method
the
minute
a
again
different
the
of
most
set
feathers
greatest
the
feathers.
somewhat
Here
the
the
on
to
for
matter
a
of
removal
sible,
insen-
the
the
is
stick
proper
the
hold
a
with
removed
tween
be-
erly
prop-
becomes
control
of
point
skull
When
eyes.
which
muscles
their
the
muscles
be
also
running
immediately
side
each
touching
of
part
on
the
the
of
fowl
back
the
lying
by
brain,
back
just
can
Getting
the
the
the
relax,
"stuck"
into
and
two
blood-vessels
is
done
in
cut
a
up
waistline
a
more
requires
the
by
fowls.
the
of
feet
the
convenient
tically
prac-
In
so
dry
that
picker.
arrange-
A
CHICKEN
is
ment
inch
have
to
to
an
wrapped
once
between
cord
the
picker
given
and
size
or
is
knife
the
the
blood
the
which
handle
does
attached
the
completely
is
as
properly
to
the
beginner
is
frequent
makes
which
fowls
the
all
at
sending
fowls
dressed
according
feet
and
better
than
drawn
them
in
fowls
to
retail
butcher
made
Carefully
the
advance
trade
or
farmer
been
the
better
keep
encouraged
be
erly
prop-
much
is
fowls
Undrawn
should
to
or
this
to
and
price which
price
for
put
paid
the
on
be
may
the
will
market
have
does
less
him,
trying
by
than
with
purchase
for
for
not
to
sell
retail
them
and
clean
fowls
such
secure
or
grocer
terms
can
at
wholesale.
in
neat
is very
ages
pack-
much
in
stock.
market
ordinary
to
better
much
of
number
interest
some
as
market
secured
large
a
his
to
more
contract
a
fowls
way
dressed
the
make
his
it
find
have
not
does
who
Scalding
Where
this
more,
or
market.
to
will
of
handle
of
hours
24
for
poultryman
dispose
in
Cup
have
fowls
if the
question,
customers
and
26"
Figure
m.
Blood
head
any
them
3
Boston
and
condition.
this
to
fowls
with
send
fowls
farm
The
be
to
way
before
starving
by
market
particular
its
to
pick
the
without
and
on,
prepared
a
and
undrawn
fowls
prefer
by
stick,
the
Philadelphia
demands.
and
to
studied
it
to
venient
con-
scalding.
of
carefully
be
should
of
never
good
without
requirements
The
club
a
is
as
it
impossible
it
using
it
arm
as
annoyed
a
left
when
dible,
man-
results
get
instantly
the
head,
securely
sticking
but
not
to
held
method
in
done,
failure
hook
a
feathers
give fairly good
fails
way,
by
This
done
released
through
mouth
usual
proceeds
the
loosen
the
be
is
the
lower
picking
possible.
as
not
when
the
through
and
the
the
of
slipped
will
under
cord
nicely.
club
into
fowl
the
an
mer
ham-
does
in
bled
the
A
the
be
about
using,
button
fowl
can
button
In
the
the
but
back
weight.
inserted
runs
rapidly
on
with
cup
legs, and
blow
wooden
a
diameter.
fastened
it struggles
and
bird
So
Holding
striking
and
legs.
desires.
hatchet
After
fowl's
51
in
in
quarter
a
hard
so
terminate
the
and
sharp
a
cord
round
how
matter
no
the
inch
MONEY
Fowls.
demand
difficulty in
dry
picking
putting
his
the
table
poultryman
poultry
on
CHICKENMONEY
52
the
in
market
looks
well
as
it dressed
make
The
chief
scalded
If
the
they
bled
in
with
the
head
is always
of
the
as
directions
scalding,
purpose
it
boiling
point
feet
quickly
due
little
as
when
fowl
is
should
be
the
better
appearance
wax
low
adds
case
late
to
it is
to
In
the
but
a
sell
what
production
been
in
way
the
great
command
waste
as
is
of
in
dispose
to
the
the
most
of
season
majority
good
cooled
If
and
precautions
are
make
be
secured
by
much
a
be
made
from
because
in
be
cooled.
should
can
appearance
discussed
which
early
paper
are
with
drawing
will
fowls
up
wrapped
at
a
poultry
so'
salability.
its
to
fowl
Dressed
hung
avoided
before
If these
will
without
thoroughly
the
This
altogether,
hatched
are
broilers,
more
roasters
or
profitable
most
should
attractive
has
subject
it
and
loosen
poultry
until
market.
decidedly
be
handled
handled.
as
dippings
may
marketed.
the
and
This
fowls
the
when
paper
price
wrapped
that
in
it to
plucked
marred
head
by
promptly
cool
water
shake
scalded
on
to
the
withdraw
is
allowed
so
to
cold
firmly
should
picked
be
used
and
two
fowl
and
of
be
when
be
not
The
used
way
water
which
be
dry
will
skin
be
and
Usually
skin,
fowl
not
thoroughly
taken
in
the
fowl
be
be
the
water
blemishes
the
it should
drawn
down
bled,
rubbing
should
it head
ature
temper-
should
gallons
two
the
the
the
of
must
Hold
under
time.
being
and
to
feathers.
the
After
and
hold
a
water
Heat
one
second
Most
skin.
care.
promptly
the
loosen
pinching
to
from
temperature.
dip
to
the
in
Now
which
In
better
no
kettle
soon
once.
should
water
immersed.
As
scalding
at
the
ing
bruis-
and
at
probably
of
Plenty
water.
it completely
then
feet
the
touching
too
scalding
of
is
iron
common
pour
possible.
as
there
completely
then
dip
and
sufficient
by
a
can
and
feathers,
be
of
be
farm
the
use
but
used
off
method.
scalded
and
connection
chopping
this
Plenty
degrees.
the
on
to
it to
reduce
and
180
full
fowls
the
the
than
two-thirds
that
to
is
be
not
in
in
and
clubbing
fluttering
be
skin
heads
by
by
the
it should
should
and
of
accompanies
bleeding
water
Killing
case.
of
the
their
described
account
on
always
through
which
doing
about
which
boiling
only,
of
objectionable
is
the
for
picking.
dry
the
of
killed
feet,
dressed
appearance
with
already
never
prefer
so
usually
is
breaking
the
by
up
fowls
discolored
marketed
have
we
for
wings
fowl
hung
which
than
and
be
to
poultry
which
care
unnecessary
are
be
way
the
the
fowls
should
some
are
appearance
the
to
scalded
markets
reasonable
blotched
the
due
is
fowls
on
better
for
reason
dressing.
feet
much
a
there
with
and
way,
While
manner.
picked
dry
as
this
in
will
acceptable
an
of
instances
surplus
as
to
such,
neglect
of
mature
this
is
stock.
sell
may
farm-raised
prices
opportunity
standpoint
the
Chicks
profitably
as
poultry
is
hatched
when
this
is
and
their
proper
the
tion
prepara-
roasters.
known
of
what
as
the
are
South
known
Shore
locally
District,
as
soft
near
roasters
Boston,
has
CHICKENMONEY
become
important
an
their
upon
The
and
most
the
lines
soft
is
of
part
a
good
specialty
condition.
to
anyone
are
should
not
his
if
roaster
make
business
at
interested
at
least
in
put
is
fowls
any
the
their
surplus
a
every
table
of
fattened
large
and
of
on
portant
im-
Even
poultry
the
will
an
year.
market
tirely
en-
It
poultry
the
along
young
market.
of
stock
it
handled,
is
production
their
Every
there
season
of
industry,
developing
properly
in
production
the
part
District.
it
depend
specialized
in
and
such
for
highly
a
Shore
maturity,
demand
repay
who
soft
greater
interested
South
reaching
unsatisfied
those
the
a
is
farmers
many
the
for
be
not
in
before
there
business
will
however,
and
roasters
roaster
followed
killed
amply
soft
of
farmers
chicken,
and
industry
sales
income.
53
market
as
in
X.
CHAPTER
The
losses
under
in
conditions
ordinary
large
kept
are
and
the
the
of
value
required
is
of
one
of
An
the
the
of
breeding
health
of
the
evidences
to
flock.
The
greatest
well
that
disinfected
it
and
is
cold
rather
lined
to
possible
widest
be
given
have
may
be
to
classes
in
corn
ration
The
with
matter,
on
care
should
feeding
be
grain
all
practically
have
the
been
best
feeding
both
Houses
that
oughly
thor-
are
is
It
them
too
be
con-
The,
necessary.
conditions
the
not
stock,
fowls
the
diet
is
taken
in
to
deep
grain
most
or
the
should
of
rest
the
fowl3
see
litter
given.
damaged,
wholesome
certain
that
give
to
fowls
frequently
grains
54
plenty
them
feedstuffs,
Injurious
is
should
to
or
freely
of
be
used
those
used
for
which
and
in
than
exercise,
scratch
disease
cause
do
over-
results
good
take
and
to
becomes
corn
compelling
and
that
of
amount
much
has
stock
other
fertility
vigorous
however,
Where
the
a
source
with
of
with
likely
prolific
a
and
breeding
less
is
poultry
use
fowls,
condition.
breeding
fowls
usually
the
of
of
with
that
obviously
corn
spoiled
and
indicate
and
better
in
stock
though
stock
the
having
favorable
most
general
that
absolutely
is
even
is accompanied
heavy
a
stock,
condition
vitality.
fat
the
improper
livestock,
the
this
than
more
Experiments,
of
should
to
breeding
of
parent
ap-
confined.
and
disease.
side
Neither
under
breeding
Irregular
of
any
the
are
the
of
for
the
necessary
essential.
are
year
on
only
and
particularly
err
warm.
range
the
to
too
houses
a
houses,
safer
than
once
is
in
vigor
health.
clean,
and
dry
fowls
feeding
protecting
vigor
therefore
improve
to
and
in
are
warm
much
their
matter
housing
least
at
have
to
this
in
loss.
constitutional
is
agement,
man-
prevent
low
are
disease
it
time
to
vigorous
and
the
as
and
much
and
of
most
low
of
importance
ventilated,
desirable
and
poultryman
attention
disease
poultry
the
feeding
that
prevention
in
for
do
fowls
of
best
the
observant
the
of
use
the
in
will
fowls
fowls,
pay
of
due
our
many
sick
methods
sources
but
Many
the
of
are
common
point
pen.
serious
give
are
most
nothing
to
The
by
to
sanitation
and
disease.
important
use
Rational
them.
which
doctoring
small
too
breeding
appearance
in
heavier
livestock,
of
under
adopted
much
are
classes
conditions
use
is
birds
careful
the
little
yard
other
methods
is
treating
id
poultry
in
artificial
extreme
There
management.
than
the
to
measure
the
in
disease
from
FLOCK.
THE
OF
HEALTH
THE
only
feeding.
MONEY
CHICKEN
56
is
It
the
not
mentioned
are
common
practicable
under
sick
should
certain
more
using
by
should
be
general
two
catarrh
of
caused
feedstuffs
supplying
things
lack
of
which
disorders.
contain
Death
examination.
or
and
be
liver
gall
in
contact
indicated
are
in
rarely
far
one-third
however,
early
effective
salts,
Epsom
of
cases
On
is
account
Epsom
also
of
the
hope
the
of
first
of
is
a
very
treating
comparative
the
called
are
simply
when
best
are
or
it
does
infrequency
make
of
its
liver
to
more
easily
with
treated
of
the
These
poisonous
of
cases
no
are
gastritis.
disease
uncommon
is
intestines
irritating
of
observant
disorder.
inflammation
commonly
feeding
liver
is
one-fourth
there
or
stages
with
case
cholera
which
digestive
any
the
the
to
than
inflammation
in
cholera
little
for
and
so-called
salts,
of
cussed
dis-
progressed
detecting
dose
a
able
trace-
trouble
and
by
it
be
not
it has
In
where
are
liver
careful
administering
the
diseases
all
need
of
fowls
save
enlarged
chicks
liver,
they
The
avail.
often
stomach,
due
are
Genuine
there
is
glandular
troubles
Most
of
taken
as
little
tissue
liver
until
by
is yellowish
the
presence
indications
and
stages
remedy
and
recognized
of
may
diarrhoea
Acute
the
is
teaspoon
simple
the
similar
greatly
part
feeding
of
disorders.
colored
practically
as
A
fowl.
cause
Several
'but
the
young
and
blackened.
external
by
be
central
of
lack
a
liver
lighter
away.
by
distinguished
In
enlarged
methods
or
treatment
in
be
Unfortunately
accompanied
disorder
may
by
of
also
It may
proper
im-
to
methods,
or
easily
nature
due
or
in
with
the
symptons,
food
detail.
that
while
it,
these
mottled
red
with
by
poultryman,
of
bladder
improper
to
may
it
prove
the
usually
will
is
that
of
health
fat
wasted
bird
and
fowls
those
result
normal.
be
with
edged
The
comes
it
be
than
to
sick
a
market
mature
the
disease
may
darker
or
be
may
color.
so
much
congested,
liver
liver
no
than
flock
of
spoiled,
of
is
afterward
formulas
may
excess
an
from
The
it may
example,
the
the
are
to
matter
no
there
seem
and
become
have
for
in
extreme
essential
are
feed,
green
Rations
that
which
ously
seri-
way.
disorders
using
by
are
as
been
as
of
on
disorders
Digestive
pen
value
value
disease
of
digestive
breeding
may
other
any
have
The
its
in
classes
roup.
feeding
certain
simply
of
are
or
health.
their
thought
troublesome
most
they
more
indicated
health
the
the
of
that
sickness,
before
though
is
the
general
a
few
a
treatments
to
been
even
cured
never
returned
into
go
but
Fowls
undermining
of
recovered
been
The
simple
have
fowls,
such
has
that
such
conditions.
be
may
way
entirely
have
of
ordinary
to
poultry,
diseases
and
never
they
valuable
how
different
chapter
this
of
purpose
the
of
discussion
Diseases.
Common
Some
its
or
latter
foods.
tion.
indiges-
acute
and
crop
one
which
appearance.
occurrence,
how-
CHICKEN
It
ever,
other
is
usually
to
5?
that
assume
deaths
result
from
some
cause.
Fowls
subject
are
but
worms,
they
of
dose
of
worms
milk.
warm
should
be
areca
In
all
quantities,
matter
what
plant
should
the
ration,
giving
of
observed
be
fowls
is
special
is
always
No
safe
a
caution
pre-
poultry
every
be
may
grains
range.
and
a
care
whole
open
flock,
which
house
ment.
treat-
teaspoonful
a
fowls
and
it
the
from
small
a
in
disorders
the
intestinal
same
treatment
proper
food
green
of
the
to
fasting,
plenty
may
have
the
after
given
cases
variety
a
amenable
suspected
nut
sick
remove
less
or
internal
symptoms
to
of
of
with
taken
limited
of
attacks
more
are
grains
ten
the
to
all
are
Where
in
safe
MONEY
utilized
as
a
hospital.
Diseases
of
or
the
much-dreaded
of
the
mucous
the
flock
as
perfectly
understood,
but
taken
in
hand
fowls,
in
breeding
of
with
hydrogen
this
at
two
a
a
strong
the
purpose
which
and
ought
who
chickens.
keeps
will
nature
be
that
is
the
of
part
Frequently
all
is
two
be
or
of
peroxide
For
rubber
simple
for
few
a
of
cents
every
one
of
treatments
three
this
this
check
effectually
to
necessary
should
passages
equipment
or
when
nasal
a
drug-store
any
but
permanganate.
instrument
at
of
use
cold
with
or
potassium
of
procured
regular
a
acid
boric
effective
be
be
to
of
may
simple
the
out
they
birds
a
were
the
to
colds,
for
wash
to
when
such
treatment
solution
most
can
best
that
catarrh
simple
not
believing
and
roup
is
roup
objection
of
from
observed
are
of
for
colds
had
stage
disorder
appearance,
have
solution
cent
first
thoroughly
is
if
will
there
isolated
are
reason
rational
no
the
The
once.
per
or
syringe,
that
to
condition
catarrhal
flocks,
advanced
has
disposed
There
is
and
nature
good
roup
their
at
the
of
exact
is
of
fowls
inflammation
or
head,
colds
simple
are
cold
and
the
stages
there
promptly
if
The
cases
cured.
cold
the
few
be
with
start
loss
initial
treatment.
would
be
the
as
they
nostrils
the
or
simple
there
easily
of
trouble
soon
given
and
usually
roup,
much
whether
nature,
membrane
be
seldom
catarrhal
a
disorder.
A
somewhat
effective
a
oil.
feather
or
full
thirds
then
the
operation
disease
water,
slowly
Where
be
dipped
fowl's
three
or
spreading
in
and
membranes,
cure.
the
one
potassium
in
a
strong
thin
the
of
is
permanganate
in
the
used
manner
with
two-
kerosene
over
repeat
the
frequently
will
the
use
between.
kerosene
applications
can
and
can,
as
the
fowl
of
intervals
short
film
two
solution
into
is
quart
a
spoonfuls
deep
perhaps
the
of
fill
to
three
with
times
or
is
is
stages,
first
nostrils
the
or
head
a
its
plan
two
on
which
one
in
to
better
a
pour
dip
two
applied
but
and
treated
is
be
may
swab,
a
results
nasal
may
This
of
and
This
the
when
lamp
of
treatment,
simpler
fowl's
just
head
described
CHICKENMONEY
68
the
for
of
use
may
be
but
much
Chronic
kerosene.
cured
persistent
by
time
and
of
use
patience
them
diseases
are
directly
hatching,
during
of
the
fowls
the
his
the
diagnosis
the
outward
A
affects
the
of
be
will
Animal
fully
describes
the
detecting
the
is
in
the
lung
the
usual
of
cause
litter
in
white
the
and
chicks
from
perhaps
of
nodules
as
the
mould
or
Dusty
Dr.
which
68,
Another
G.
B.
Morse
Washington,
C.
D.
detailed
gives
disease,
it
and
balls
is
should
every
the
sort
hay
should
during
of
is easily
being
yellow
use
clover
and
chicks
be
the
food,
taken
first
which
less
or
The
matter.
prolific
a
two
detected
more
cheesy
mouldy
is
the
of
mould
by
caused
chick
of
either
as
is
young
precaution
of
tion
descripmethods
and
and
common
infected
of
aspergillosis
every
State
Storrs.
by
symptoms
This,
lungs
brooder.
been
poultryman.
every
tissue
60
at
the
has
the
of
Industry,
of
sections
some
complete
Nos.
described
presence
aspergillosis.
examination,
with
is
determine
Connecticut
A
Station
the
thing
Any-
diarrhoea,
disease
and
Bulletins
in
addressing
of
Storrs.
at
as
microscopical
in
the
"white
called.
certainly
This
by
habit
cause
disease
symptoms
coccidiosis,
disease,
mentioned,
tilled
diseases
common
and
to
diarrhoea.
its
found
Bureau
hands
the
Another
on
expert
such
so
will
order
common
of
128,
properly
described
of
be
as
for
methods
A
white
Station
by
known
circular
grows
eral
genpanied
accom-
are
chicks
Dissection
in
and
disease,
secured
Circular
in
them
who
the
to
of
chick
the
of
white.
disorder.
Experiment
the
is due
necessary
investigated
disease,
be
dozen
a
of
identify
diseases
disease,
health
baciliary
as
prevention
This
all
those
to
and
determined
way
half
are
even
able
are
such
no
often
the
known
of
in
not
all
is usually
are
Agricultural
can
young
practically
is
thoroughly
of
There
self
him-
condition,
this
chickens,
and
diseases
in
case
familiarize
normal
has
misunderstanding
of
diarrhoea
cause
that
he
disorder.
very
chick
There
examination
is
of
to
that
chick
the
in
symptoms,
deal
great
diarrhoea."
and
until
the
of
in
the
in
As
thoroughly
organs
feeding
symptoms.
referring
of
chickens
disease
similar
by
the
of
dead
nature
of
causes
should
poultryman
the
lives.
their
of
improper
or
and
brooding
of
of
some
stock
breeding
weeks
three
or
numerous,
are
conditions
the
appearance
dissect
certainly
by
two
chickens
defective
to
described,
Chicks.
of
young
to
some
first
with
then
traceable
and
mature
In
affecting
already
means
roup
even
required.
Diseases
The
the
and
catarrh
of
cases
mouldy
of
source
to
few
or
protect
days
of
pergillosis
as-
the
their
lives.
Congestion
is
a
common
of
the
disease
lungs,
sometimes
among
young
called
chickens
brooder
and
pneumonia,
is
easily
de-
69
CHICKENMONEY
tected
by
the
in
pink
color
common
against
the
Acute
foods,
of
hardly
is
the
the
prevent
Much
trouble
by
mustard
the
disagreeable
It
relieve
the
sometimes
disease
already
of
may
Boiled
agencies
described
just
there
be
once
make
it
checked
twice
or
a
recommended,
are
not
the
stop
be
to
or
pepper
frequently
fed
bowel
to
to
do
anything
is
tendency
drugs
of
always
chicks.
enough
rice
astringent
will
Cayenne
using
is
It
prevention
the
a
amount
drink.
to
for
with
never
for
described.
vigorous
chicks
ting
irrita-
or
sour
feeding
in
Diarrhoea
Various
whether
rules
trouble
food,
taste.
guarded
mistaken
conservative
small
a
soft
milk
simple
doubtful
of
the
to
excellent.
radical
to
mouldy,
of
specific
the
is
brooders;
carefuly
be
can
is
and.
of
addition
to
if the
is
done
boiled
giving
but
be
may
is
down
careful
appearance
ground
day
lay
but
of
disease
brooder.
feeding
and
forms
to
disorders,
the
the
to
common
various
possible
such
due
and
frothy
or
This
"lampless"
or
light
being
mucus
plainly.
cold
chilling
of
management
diarrhoea,
in
or
bloody
quite
brooded
by over-heating
in
some
congestion
chicks
among
with
of
instead
which
lungs,
filled
and
indicating
it is caused
by
dark
are
and
matter
the
of
appearance
gained
trouble
by
more
treatment
Gapes.
the
chick
does
not
of
gapeworms
of
air
in
soils
that
chicks
the
is
may
be
raised
of
the
the
in
inner
the
surface
of
or
contains
dies.
As
except
the
The
yards
in
quently
fre-
and
keeping
by
other
which
point,
tive
alterna-
the
chicks
tion
contamina-
escape
way
stone
lime-
danger
only
on
that
passage
and
infection
past
are
presence
the
Clay
gape
week.
and
the
tissues
body
which
until
it
the
the
has
time
tissues
earth-worms
chick.
The
in
worm
itself
matured.
At
chick
young
fertile
decay
minute
and
the
of
eggs
it reaches
until
it attaches
hundreds'
body
is from
the
and
tract
about
commonly
to
gapeworm
the
through
dislodged
they
nursery
years
to
obstruct
and
without
gapes
detect
to
disease
the
fifth
infection
of
source
intestinal
the
way
in alternate
to
gapeworm
soil.
of
eggs
till
or
have
way
of
directly,
suffocation.
by
prevent
three
or
no
favorable
floors
fourth
two
usual
The
death
to
way
the
have
to
no
is
sufficient
The
chick
young
throat
tne
m
soil.
chickens
there
as
cause
way
of
worm
the
the
to
numbers
in
board
on
about
is
is
noted,
particularly
are
there
which
injury
a
is
infection
thousands
many
unless
and
of
presence
of
serious
being
ever
the
source
any
question
fact
by
the
and
cause
without
that
caused
is
Gapes
the
eggs,
eggs
which
carry
probably
hatch
form
the
remains
there
maturity,
dies,
burrows
windpipe,
until
which
the
at
which
are
set
its
to
is
female
time
free
and
the
it is
most
worm
gapeit
also
enter
the
Obviously
soil.
the
carry
The
promptly
and
by
of
cause
confinement
to
allowing
if
there
is
not
infection
no
in
simply
they
gapes;
cause
soil
the
worms
earth-
harmless.
entirely
chief
do
earth-worms
infection,
are
close
MONEY
CHICKEN
60
leg
weakness
house
the
It
pens.
chick
insufficient
is
access
to
can
an
exercise
or
be
remedied
usually1
outdoor
run.
too
"Common
Sense
Farm
of
DR.
By
style
how
to
to
what
do
to
in
diseases
thriving
and
the
book
than
more
is asked
for
do
the
of
methods
Animals
at
The
times.
cases
of
out
without
every
study
of
and
Published
and
Stockman
Publishing
Company.
save
follow
Price
book.
the
National
will
can't
You
get
Smead's
Dr.
action
ten.
as
different
farm
by
Farmer
how
and
trations
illustimes
many
it, showing
on
Copyrighted
The
worth
applying
quick
and
The
etc.
of
ing,
chok-
emergency"
colic, bloating, wounds,
make
Tells
swine.
of
case
noted
every-day
common
and
a
in
tells
healthy
them
keep
treat
Smead,
Dr.
line,
sheep
cattle, horses,
SMEAD
D.
by
his
in
authority
"
Animals
C.
written
'J'HIS book,
ment
Treat-
50
they
ments.
treat-
sick
rections
dinine
tions
direccents.
Books
Young
for
EXCITING
CLEAN,
TALES
ADVENTURE
A
LEWIS
Crooked
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"
the
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White
of
appeared
by The
Stockman-Farmer
Publishing
followed
down
illustrated,
Cloth,
true,
flooded
the
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An
serial
in
Co.
Raft"
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and
away
Run-
a
Paper
stirring tale, largely
exciting
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of
ests
for-
by
an
ippi
Mississ-
clearly printed,
$1.00.
Lariats
exciting
adventures
Cloth,
"
Trail
River
of
pretty
Frontier
Stockman.
logging trip
cattle
Texas
Mile
cents.
Published
"Saddles
MILLER
Thousand
a
the
on
The
25
A
of
First
in
bound
a
B.
Crooked
Ox.
"The
MANCE
RO-
Trail"
The
on
OF
AND
BY
Old
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through
romance
"
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driving
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of
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p"g
\
1918
"CROPS
AND
SOIL
OF
IMPROVEMENT"
ALVA
By
'J'HIS is
work
the
AGEE
subject
comments
R.
School
L. Watts,
of
and
place
who
the
on
"
#
book
desires
#
#
that
shelves
his
make
to
Dean
The
"
helpful
low
Be-
from
noted
:
Acting
Agriculture:
practical
written.
ever
this book
on
agricultural authorities
Prof.
and
complete
most
this
on
are
METHODS
Pennsylvania
is
book
so
it should
find
land
of every
tical
praca
owner
soil better
and
Mr.
tells
more
productive."
W.
I.
good
any
:""
Chamberlain
good farm,
practical farmer,
improve
can
that
is, support
soil
#
*
his
from
*
on
his
family
the
Agee
how
reasonably
a
in pocket,
farm
and
the
improve
of
resources
the
farm
itself."
W.
D.
the
farmer
L.
W.
Zinn
"
:
"
Cloth
much
so
Lighty:
while
bound,
I know
"
book
no
practical
"This
the
of
book
and
that
helpful
is filled with
non-essentials
are
gives
formation."
in-
sentials
es-
left out."
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