1. science
2. medicine

ISSUED BY: REGISTRARS OFFICE, NOVEMBER 2013
4
SEMESTER 3 |NOVEMBER 2013 - APRIL 2014|
CONTENTS
S. No.
Page
1.
Introduction
3
2.
Learning Methods
4
3.
Examination Rules
7
4.
Test Administration Rules & Regulations
10
5.
Whom to Contact
13
6.
Management
14
7.
Course Objectives & Strategies
Module - 1
Upper Limb and Back
Module - 2
Lower
15
Limb and Integumentary system
20
Module - 3
Descriptive Epidemiology
Module - 4
Environmental and Occupational health
Module - 5
Urinary and Reproductive System
26
27
29
8.
Learning Resources
39
9.
Student Code of Conduct
41
10.
Schedule
46
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
INTRODUCTION
Why Study Guide ?
!
To inform students how student-learning programme has been organized semester
wise, and how it would be implemented.
!
To help students organize and manage their studies throughout the year.
What is a Study Guide Book ?
(Figure selected from AMEE Medical Education Guide #16)
The Guide provides:
!
Information on organization and management of the semester. This will help you to
contact the right individual in case you have any difficulty.
!
A description of the module objectives which you will be expected to achieve at
the end of each module.
!
Information on learning methods that you will experience during the module. The
methods include: Problem-Based Learning (PBL), tutorials (SG), lectures, skills/
practicals and field visits. These learning methods should help you achieve the
module objectives.
A description of the learning resources available for the Semesters. These include:
books, Computer Assisted Learning Programmes, videos and others.
Information on the contribution of continuous and semester examinations, on your
overall performance.
Information on the methods of assessment that will be held to determine your
achievement of objectives.
Information on examination policy, rules and regulations.
!
!
!
!
The Curriculum:
It is integrated comprising of system based modules
Curriculum organization :
Consists of following for each module and generic courses
Course No.
Duration of Semester and Modules
Objectives of each module
Learning Strategies
Number of Hours
2
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Test Schedule / CAT & Semester.
Semester Schedule.
LEARNING METHODS
The following teaching / learning methods/strategies are used to promote better
understanding:
-
Problem Based Learning (PBL)
Tutorials
Field Visits
Lectures
Hospital Visits Seminars
Practicals Assignments
Computer Assisted Learning Program (CALP)
Case- Based Sessions (CBS)
Small Group Sessions (SGS)
The programme emphasis is on:
Problem-Based Learning:
This is a small group activity in which the discussion revolves around a real life
problem using the Seven Jump process. Students are expected to consult various
learning resources to develop better understanding of the subject.
Self-Directed Study:
Students may achieve the Objectives by assuming responsibilities of their own
learning. How? By sharing and discussing with peers, working individually, seeking
information from LRC, teachers and resource persons within and outside the
college. This is possible by utilizing scheduled self -study period in college, and time
outside the college.
Community-Based Learning Activities:
This takes place within a community including homes of individuals, families, and a
variety of health service settings.
Family assignment is an integral component of this activity. The Department of
Family Medicine monitors students’ activity, and provide constructive feedback.
PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING (PBL): WHAT IS IT?
• It is a method of learning in which learners (students) in small groups first encounter
a problem, which are close to real life situations. The problem is generally discussed
in two sessions.
• First Session: Learners in small groups, using existing knowledge, discuss (in the
presence of a tutor) and list what they do not know or are not sure of, about the
problem. The list is known as learning issues (goals).
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Ziauddin University
•
•
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Self Study: Learners have approximately three days time to report. During this time,
learners search for new information required to achieve the learning goals listed. In
this process, learners are encouraged to consult various learning resources in
addition to the textbooks. This does not require a tutor.
Second Session: Learners discuss learning issues and application of new knowledge
to the problem and summarize by integrating prior and new knowledge in
understanding the problem.
EXAMPLE OF PBL SCENARIO:
A 1½ year old male was brought to the OPD by his father with complaints of a swelling
in the right groin since birth.
Birth History:
He was born at 34 weeks’ gestation. His birth weight was 2 kg.
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION:
BP:
100/60mmHg
Pulse:
86/min
Temp:
98oF
R/R:
15/min
Local Examination:
Left testis is palpable in the scrotum.
Right testis could not be palpated in the scrotum.
A 1x1 inch oval, firm, non-tender mass was present in the right inguinal region.
Lab:
Serum testosterone level: 110 ng/dl
Ultrasound:
Showed an ovoid homogenous medium-level echogenicity within the right inguinal canal.
The parent was counseled about the prevalence of the condition.
Orchidopexy was advised.
Task: Discuss the embryological basis of the development of signs and symptoms in the
above case
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
PBL PROCESS
The
JUMP 1
Read the Problem:
Clarify terms not known
to you in the problem description
Seven
JUMP 2
Define the problem.
Draw up a list of
phenomena that need to be explained
Jumps
JUMP 3
Explain the problem
Try to produce as many different
explanations for the phenomena
as you can think of
JUMP 4
Arrange the explanations
Proposed in a logical sequence
and summarize them
JUMP 5
Formulate learning goals:
make a list of what you need to
study in order to solve the problem
JUMP 6
Through individual study, attempt
to fill the gaps in your knowledge
JUMP 7
Summarize the information
collected and verify it by
applying it to the problem
Evaluation
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
EXAMINATION RULES
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
In one academic year there will be two semesters each followed by an
examination.
At the end of the academic year there will be resit examinations for 3rd and 4th
semester courses.
A student passing in 3rd semester will be allowed to go to 4th semester.
Those failing in courses of 3rd semester will also be allowed to join 4th semester
classes but will appear in the resit exam for the required courses held at the end
of the academic year.
Students failing in the 4th semester will also appear in the resit exam at the end
of the year.
Students failing to achieve required aggregate after the resit of 3rd or 4th
semester courses / subjects will repeat the year.
There will be external examiners in all semester examinations and resits.
2. ASSESSMENT: MOST FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
(i) CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT
Q. Are tests scheduled throughout both semesters? YES
•
•
•
Q. What contribute to continuous assessment in Semesters III and IV?
• Scheduled test/s for every module during the semester
• PBL, assignments, presentations (may not necessarily be all)
Q In tests and semester examinations, what methods are used to assess knowledge
and skills?
MCQs: One best/ true false.
Structured cased based viva voce
Practicals and Objective Structured Practical Examinations (OSPE)
Q. What is the passing mark or score for tests and semester examinations?
Fifty-five percent (55%).
Q. What is the grading system?
90% and above - A+
85 to 89% - A
80 to 84% - A75 to 79% - B+
71 to 74% - B
68 to 70% - B64 to 67% - C+
61 to 63% - C
55 to 60% - CQ. Are the students notified of the marks in tests and semester examinations and
receive feedback of their progress?
Marks are not notified but Results are notified in semesters as grades.
Marks
Students receive feedback on written tests of MCQs.
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Q. How is the result compiled of Semesters One and Two?
According to duration, and importance, every module may have one to three tests
which carry a defined weightage. Test marks are totalled according to the
weightage.
The following EXAMPLE may help you understand how Continuous Assessment result is
compiled.
Weightage for Continuous Assessment (Sample)
Tests
75%
PBL
25%
Total
100%
Note: Quizzes etc may be scheduled by individual module Coordinator, which
may not contribute towards your aggregate score.
Q. Is there a final or annual examination? No
There are two semester examinations for 2nd year MBBS – Semester III & IV.
Q. Are all enrolled students eligible to take the Semester examination?
No. Eligibility is determined as follows:
Attendance
Cont.
Assess.
Decision
1
≥ 80%
≥ 45%
Eligible for Semester
2
75-80%
≥55%
Eligible for Semester
3
60 – 75%
≥35%
Eligible for Re-sit
4
<60%
Any score
Repeats the year*
5
Any value
<35%
Repeats the year*
*Note:
To decide about repeating the year
cumulative scores for two semesters
are considered(Attendance and
Continuous Assessment)
WARNING:
ALL STUDENTS FOUND INVOLVED IN INDISCIPLINARY ACTION IN THE UNIVERSITY
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
PREMISES (INCLUDING SMOKING) WILL BE SUBJECT TO DISCIPLINARY ACTION WHICH
MAY BE IN FORM OF DEDUCTION IN ATTENDANCE WHICH WILL HAVE IMPACT ON THEIR
ELIGIBILITY.
Q. Does continuous assessment has any credit or contributes towards the Semester
Examination?
(20%).
Q. Who is declared Satisfactory?
Student is declared Pass if,
o He/she scores an aggregate of 55% cumulative in each semester.
o AND
o Scores a minimum of 50% in each subject.
Note: If student score an aggregate of 55% in the two semesters, but in any individual
subject scores <50%, then cumulative score of that subject in both semesters will be
considered.
Q. What happens if a student is unable to sit for the Semester Examination?
He/she is allowed to take the resit examination which will be considered as second
chance.
Q .What happens if a student is unable to sit /or fail the Resit Examination?
The student will be required to repeat the year.
WITHDRAWAL FROM THE PROGRAM
A student of second year, will have to withdraw from the program if he/she fails to
pass both semester examinations of second year, within 2 years (4 attempts)
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
TEST ADMINISTRATION RULES and REGULATIONS
GENERAL RULES
! All tests /examinations are monitored by the Department of Examination with the
support of the College Dean/Principal, faculty and staff.
! To ensure that the examinations are held according to the standard conditions and
that no
examinee or group of examinees receives unfair advantage in the
examination, Students (examinees) must strictly adhere to / abide by the rules and
regulations of the University.
IRREGULAR BEHAVIOR
Specific examples of irregular behavior include, but are not necessarily limited to the
following:
1. Copying answers from another examinee or allowing answers to be copied.
2. Making notes of any kind during an examination.
3. Failure to follow instructions of the staff present in the examination hall.
4. Acts of disruptive behavior such as raising ones voice, talking to others, interrupting
the examination process upon entering the examination hall, or during an
examination and other similar acts of behavior.
5. During an examination usage of any unauthorized material such as photographic
equipment, communication or recording devices, including electronic paging
devices and cellular telephones.
6. Altering or misrepresenting examination result, theft or unauthorized possession of
examination materials.
7. Memorizing and reproducing examination materials and any unauthorized
reproduction by any means and / or dissemination of examination materials.
8. Looking in the direction of another examinee, passing of written notes, leaving
written notes on vacant seats/ desks not occupied by examinees during the
examination may be considered as evidence of copying or attempting to copy
and a report of such behavior may result in irregular behavior.
9. Sitting for an examination without being eligible for it, impersonating an examinee
or engaging a proxy to take the examination.
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
TEST ADMINISTRATION RULES AND REGULATIONS
Advice for Students: What to do?
Students should arrive at the examination hall before scheduled time.
Students arriving within 10 minutes after scheduled test time may be admitted only by
the approval of head examiner or official of the Department of Examination. Incase a
student arrives late, that is, after scheduled time, he / she is not to be admitted.
1.
2. Students should present College Identity Card, and Admit Card for Annual / Resit
Examinations. If student/s do not bring the required Identification Card, he / she may
not be admitted to the examination.
Advice for Students: What NOT to do?
1. Do not bring into the examination hall any personal belongings, including
mechanical or electrical devices, backpacks, handbags, books, notes or study
guide materials, calculators, digital watches, watches with computer
communication and/ or memory capability, electronic paging devices, recording
or filming devices, radios, cellular telephones, food and drinks. Only for specified
subject/s special instruction will be given on use of calculator for examination.
2. Do not make written notes or record in anyway the contents of an examination.
Any notes found will be confiscated and reported for disciplinary action.
3. Do not communicate with, seek aid from, or provide aid to any other examinee
during the examination.
4. Once you (students) start taking an examination, you cannot cancel that
examination.
5. If the test is completed in less than the time allotted then do not leave without
seeking permission from the staff present in the examination hall.
No extra time will be allowed if he /she leave the examination hall for
any reason.
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
WARNING
! Students (examinees) observed in act/s that is/are possible violation of rules or
other forms of irregular behavior during an examination will be reported to the
disciplinary committee for action.
ALL STUDENTS FOUND INVOLVED IN INDISCIPLINARY ACTION IN
THE UNIVERSITY PREMISES (INCLUDING SMOKING) WILL BE
SUBJECTED TO DISCIPLINARY ACTION WHICH MAY BE IN FORM
OF DEDUCTION IN ATTENDANCE FIVE CONSECUTIVE ACADEMIC
SESSIONS.
Dress code:
• Wearing white coat is mandatory in all clinical and lab
sessions.
• Dress should be decent and formal for both boys & Girls.
• Slippers are not allowed.
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
WHOM TO CONTACT?
Any queries or difficulties with the schedule, learning strategy should be directed:
In the first instance to the individual, teacher or module coordinator and then to Semester
In-charge.
Contacts:
Semester Incharge
Dr. Samia Perwaiz
Dean Ziauddin Medical College
Dr. Kamran Hameed.
Controller of Examinations
Dr. Qamaruddin Barakzai
Registrar:
Mr. Mohammad Yousuf
ZU Literary and Cultural Society
Dr. Saeeda Baig
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
MANAGEMENT/ ORGANIZATION
Semester Incharge:
Dr. Samia Perwaiz
Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology
Course No Course Name
212
Course-Coordinator
Upper Limb and Back
Lower
Dr.Syed Nudrat Nawaid Shah
Limb and Integumentary system
Urinary and Reproductive System
Mushtaq
Dr. Syed Zaryab Ahmed
Dr.Ghazala Farrukh/Dr.Shamim
Other Team Members:
1. Dr. Ishrat S.Shokh
2. Dr. Saeeda Baig
3. Dr. Naila Hadi
4. Dr. Asif Memon
5. Dr. Sadaf Fatima
6. Dr. Shamim Mushtaq
7. Dr. S. Zaryab Ahmed
8. Dr. Ghazala Farrukh
9. Dr. Tania Raza
10. Dr. Syed Nudrat Nawaid Shah
11. Mr. Moazzam Ali
12. Dr Santosh Kumar
13. Dr. Afshan Iftikhar
14. Dr. Madiha Sadiq
15. Dr. Seher Mushtaque
16. Dr. Sarwat Rizwan
17. Mr. Asghar Ali
18. Dr. Mustafa Arif
Resource Persons:
Basic Health Sciences:
Anatomy
Dr. Nuzhat Hassan
Dr. Ishrat Shokh
Dr Bushra Wasim
Biochemistry
Dr. Saeeda Baig
Dr. Zile Rubab
Dr. Shamim Mushtaq
Pathology
Prof. Serajuddaula
Prof. Qamar Jamal
Prof. Naila Hadi
Pharmacology
Community Health Sciences:
Prof. Zahida Memon
Dr. Farah Ahmad
Dr.Samia Perwaiz
Dr.Nausheen Zehra
Dr. Owais Ismail
Physiology
Dr. Syed Touseef Ahmed
Dr. Asif Memon
Dr. Sadaf Fatima
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Clinical Sciences:
Dr. Jawed Usman
COURSE NAME: LOCOMOTION (Upper Limb and Back)
COURSE NO. 206
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the term student should be able to:
1. Describe the development of upper limb and back with special reference to the
following anomalies:
i. Meromelia
ii. Polydactyly
iii. Spina bifida
2. Describe the structure of neuromuscular junction.
3. Describe the basic sequence of events occurring at a neuromuscular junction.
4. Discuss the properties of skeletal muscle.
5. Discuss the role of acetylcholine, Ca ++ and ATP in the excitation and contraction of
skeletal muscle.
6. Identify the parts of sarcomere.
7. Explain the series of steps in excitation and contraction coupling in skeletal in muscle
contraction and relaxation.
8. Describe the role of drugs in skeletal muscle relaxation
9. Identify and explain the energy sources for various physical activities in muscle
contraction.
10. Discuss aerobic and anaerobic respiration in skeletal muscle.
11. Discuss the role of vitamins and minerals involved in the formation of bones.
12. Relate on a given diagram / graph the following skeletal muscle properties
i.
Simple muscle twitch, its phases and ionic phases.
ii. Summation.
iii. Fatigue.
iv. Stair case phenomenon.
v. Tetanus.
vi. Length tension relationship
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
13. Describe the mechanism of:
i.
The amount of tension produced during muscle contraction
ii.
Muscle fatigue
14. Discuss the following neuro-muscular disorders:
i.
Myopathies
ii.
Myasthenia gravis
iii.
Muscular dystrophies
15. Describe drugs used for diagnosis and treatment of myasthenia gravis.
16. Describe the mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of neuromuscular
blocking drugs.
17. Describe the mechanism of action, uses and adverse effects of spasmolytic drugs.
18. Explain the anatomical bases of:
i)
Common dislocations of shoulder joint
ii)
Painful arc of the shoulder joint
iii)
Tennis elbow
iv)
Student elbow
v)
Pulled elbow / slipped elbow
vi)
Posterior dislocation of elbow joint
vii)
Wrist drop
viii)
Wrist fracture (Colle’s and Smith fractures)
ix)
Boxer and Bennett’s fracture
x)
Saturday night palsy
xi)
Dupuytren’s contracture
xii)
Volksman contracture
xiii)
Klumpkey’s and Erb’s palsies
xiv)
Winged scapula
xv)
Claw Hand
xvi)
Cricket finger
xvii)
Carpal tunnel syndrome
xviii) Ape like Hand
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
19. Describe the gross structure and normal radiographic appearance of the bones of the
upper limb of a child, adolescent and adult.
20. Identify the landmarks and common fracture sites on a given radiograph, bone
(cadaver/model) or photograph.
21. Describe the actions, nerve supply and blood supply of following regions /
compartments.
a) Compartments of arm
b) Compartments of fore arm
c) Hand
22. Describe the joints of upper limb.
23. Identify the muscles/group of muscles on cadaver, model or photograph.
24. Describe the effect of fall on outstretched hand with special emphasis to transmission
of force to the axial skeleton.
25. Describe the formation, branches, lesions and dermatological distribution of brachial
plexus.
26. Describe the course, branches and applied anatomy of:
Arteries: Axillary, brachial, ulnar, radial, superficial and deep palmer arches
Nerves: Axillary, musculocutaneous, ulnar, radial and median nerve.
27. Mark the following structures/areas on a simulator
Arteries: axillary, brachial, ulnar, radial, superficial and deep palmar arches
Nerves: axillary, musculocutaneous, ulnar, radial and median.
Retinacula: Flexor and Extensor Retinacula.
Area for intramuscular injection in upper limb.
Area for venepuncture in upper limb.
Dermatomes.
28. Describe the lymphatic drainage of upper limb.
29. Identify the boundaries and contents of the axilla, cubital fossa, and anatomical snuff
box and palmer spaces.
30. Describe the main distinguishing characteristic of vertebrae in different regions of
vertebral column.
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
30. Describe the muscles, ligaments of back and intervertebral joints.
31. Describe the structure of intervertebral disc and mechanism of its prolapse.
32. List common sites of disc prolapse.
33. Describe the reason for more common rupture of intervertebral disc in the lumber
region.
34. Deduce the nerve root compressed and identify the appropriate herniated disc on a
given scenario or MRI.
35. Describe the normal primary and secondary curves of the spine.
36. Describe the important pathological curves of the spine.
37. Describe posture and its maintenance.
38. Identify different component of vertebral column on a given radiograph and MRI.
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Learning Strategies:
COURSE NAME: LOCOMOTION (Upper limb and Back)
COURSE NO. 206
OBJECTIVES
Development of upper limb and back with anomalies
Neuromuscular junction
Properties of skeletal muscle
Excitation - contraction coupling
Energy sources in various physical activity
Muscles power, strength and endurance
Types, theories and grade strength principle of skeletal
muscle
Effects of exercise on skeletal muscle
Strategy
Lecture
CBS
Lecture
CBS
Lecture
Lecture
Hrs.
3
2
1
2
1
1
Lecture
1
Effect of aging on skeletal muscle
Physiological basis of muscular disorders
Radiology of upper limb and vertebral column with
common fracture sites
Herniation of intervertebral disc
Joints, muscles, spine, arteries nerves and dermatomes
Surface marking of arteries, veins and dermatomes
Lymphatic drainage of upper limb
Posture, its maintenance and anatomical basis of low
back pain
Radial, Median and Ulnar nerves injuries
Lecture
CBS
Interactive
Session
PBL
Demonstration
Practical
CBS
CBS
1
2
4
4
69
6
2
2
PBL
4
Myopathies
Lecture
1
Myasthenia Gravis and Muscular dystrophies
Lecture
1
Drugs for Myasthenia Gravis
Lecture
1
Lecture
Lecture
Lecture
Practical
2
1
1
6
132
Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Spasmolytic Drugs
Vitamins and mineral in bone formation
Pharmacology Practical
Total
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Demonstration schedule
Locomotion (Upper Limb and Back)
Demo
#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
Demonstration Contents
Clavicle: Gross features, side determination and common fracture sites,
Scapula: Gross features, side determination, nerve and vessels in intimate
contact
Humerus: Gross features, side determination, common fracture sites,
nerve and vessels in intimate contact, carrying angle and angle of
torsion
Typical and atypical vertebra: Gross features, localization.
Muscles of back: Neurovascular supply and actions.
Vertebral column: Intervertebral joints, ligaments, curvatures and
movements
Sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints and muscles of pectoral
region: Neurovascular supply and actions
Compartments of arm: Neurovascular supply and actions.
Boundaries and contents of axilla
Shoulder Joint: Structure, stabilizing factors, movements and related
bursa
Brachial plexus: Nerve roots, formation, branches and applied anatomy.
Scapular anastomosis: Axillary and subclavian vessels and their branches
and scapular anastomosis
Nerve and vessels of arm: course, relations, palpation and surface
marking
Radius: Gross features, side determination and common fracture sites.
Ulna: Gross features, side determination and common fracture sites.
Cubital fossa: Boundaries and contents
Elbow Joint and superior radio-ulnar joint: Structure, stabilizing factors,
movements and related bursa
Bones of hand: Gross features
Wrist Joint and inferior radio-ulnar joint, structure, stabilizing factors,
movements
Anterior compartment of forearm: Muscles, nerve supply and actions.
Posterior compartment of forearm: Muscles, nerve supply and actions.
Nerve and vessels of forearm: course, relations, palpation and surface
marking
Palmar apo neurosis and retinacula: Formation and relations
Small muscles hand: Nerve supply and actions
Palmar spaces: formation and clinical significance
Nerve and vessels of palm: course, relations, palpation and surface
marking
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
PBL = Problem Based Learning
D/D = Dissection & Demonstration
COURSE NAME: LOCOMOTION (lower limb)
COURSE NO: 206
OBJECTIVES:
By the end of the course students should be able to:
1. Describe the development of lower limb with special reference to following
congenital anomalies.
Coxa vara, Coxa valga, Talipes equino varus, Talipes equino valgus.
2. Describe the gross structure of bones of lower limb.
3. Describe the important landmarks of bones of lower limb and common fracture
sites on X-rays.
4. Explain the various mechanisms responsible for common fractures of:
Femur, Patella, Tibia, Fibula, Calcaneum, Talus, Metatarsal bones and Phalanges.
5. Describe the gross structure, possible movements and applied anatomy of the
following joints:•
Hip
•
Subtalar
•
Knee
•
Small joints of the foot
•
Ankle
6. Describe the group actions of the muscles of following regions /compartments.
•
Gluteal region
•
Anterior, posterior and lateral
compartments of leg
•
Anterior, posterior and
•
Sole of the foot.
medial compartments of
thigh
7. Describe formation, branches, lesions and dermatological distribution of the
following nerves/plexus.
•
Lumbar plexus
•
Sciatic nerve.
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
•
Sacral plexus.
•
Tibial nerve.
•
Femoral &
•
Common peroneal nerve.
Obturator nerve
8. Describe the course, branches and clinical significance of: femoral, popliteal,
anterior and posterior tibial and dorsalis pedis arteries and different arterial
anastomosis in lower limb.
9. Describe the attachment and structure passing beneath extensor and flexor
retinaculum
10. Describe the venous and lymphatic drainage of lower limb.
11. Identify and mark the anatomical points used for surface marking of:
"
Femoral, popliteal, anterior and posterior tibial and dorsalis pedis arteries.
"
Great saphenous, small saphenous and femoral vein
"
Sciatic, tibial, common peroneal, superficial and deep peroneal nerves.
12. Identify and mark the anatomical points used for:
"
Femoral artery catheterization
"
Venous cut down.
13. Identify the above-mentioned blood vessels and nerves on dissected limb,
models & photographs.
14. Describe the boundaries and contents of :
a) Femoral triangle
b) Femoral sheath
c) Adductor canal
d) Popliteal fossa
e) Saphenous opening.
15. Describe the layers of sole of foot.
16. Describe the role of foot as a weight bearer and a lever.
17. Describe the inflammatory bone disorders (Acute and chronic osteomyelitis)
18. Describe the etiology, pathogenesis, morphological and clinical features of the
following metabolic disorders:
21
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
i. Osteomalacia
ii. Osteoporosis
iii. Rickets
iv. Paget’s diseases
19. Describe the morphological and clinical features of osteogenic sarcoma,
chondrosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma and giant cell tumor of bone.
20. Describe the etiology, pathogenesis and clinical features of arthritis –
Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gouty arthritis
21. Drugs used for treatment of arthritis.
22
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Learning Strategies:
COURSE NAME: LOCOMOTION (Lower limb)
COURSE NO: 206
S.No.
OBJECTIVES
1
Development of Musculoskeletal system (lower limb) and
congenital anomalies.
2.
Hip Joint, Knee Joint & Lumbosacral Plexus
3.
Radiological anatomy
4.
Muscle physiology
5.
Demonstration
Demos
I
STRATEGY
Interactive
Session
PBL (3)
Lecture
Interactive
Session
D/D
HRS
2
12
2
2
56
Topics
Hip bone ,greater and lesser foramina.
Ii
Femur & tibia (Upper end)
Lumbar plexus
Iii
Sacral plexus
Subcutaneous tissue, superficial nerves,
Iv
Vessels & Lymphatic drainage.
Fascia lata, saphenous opening
Anterior compartment of thigh
V
Femoral triangle & adductor canal
Boundaries & Contents
Vi
Medial compartment of thigh
Gluteal region
Vii
Muscles, nerves & blood vessels
Viii
Hip joint
Bones of leg
Ix
Tibia & Fibula
X
Posterior compartment of thigh
Xi
Popliteal fossa
Knee joint & Anastomosis around knee
xii
joint
23
Ziauddin University
xiii
xiv
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Bones of foot
Anterior compartment of leg & dorsum of
Foot
xv
Lateral compartment of leg
xvi
Posterior compartment of leg
Sole of foot
xvii
Muscle layers
Nerves & vessels
xviii
Ankle Joint, Tarsal joints
xix
6
Supporting mechanism of foot (arches)
Metabolic bone disorders (Osteoporosis and Paget’s
disease)
Osteomyelitis
Lecture
1
PBL
4
Inflammatory bone disorders
Lecture
1
Tumors of bone and soft tissue tumors
Lecture
2
PBL
4
Arthritis
Lecture
1
Drugs used for treatment of arthritis.
Lecture
2
Skill
4
Arthritis and Gout
Surface Anatomy of lower limb
Pharmacology Practical
6
Pathology Practical
5
Total
104
Clinical Skills:
Video clip – identification of different deformities of lower limb in patients.
PBL = Problem Based Learning
D/D = Dissection & Demonstration
24
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
COURSE NAME: INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
COURSE NO: 221
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the course students should be able to:
1. Describe the development of skin and its appendages.
2. Describe the gross and microscopic structure of skin.
3. Describe the structure and functions of skin with special reference to:
4. Identify
Hair.
Nails.
Sweat glands.
Sebaceous glands.
microscopic features of the skin and its appendages on a given slide,
photograph or models.
5. Describe the functions of the skin.
6. Identify on a given diagram, photograph or patients the following:
-
Papilloma.
Wart.
Papules.
Macules.
Petechiae.
Ecchymoses.
Bruises.
Blisters.
Vesicles.
Pathogenesis of skin manifestations in scabies, measles, chicken pox, urticaria
and SLE.
7. Explain the synthesis and deposition of melanin pigment.
8. Describe the pathogenesis, morphological and clinical features of acute and chronic
dermatitis.
9. Classify bullous (blistering) lesions.
10. Classify skin tumors.
25
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
11. Describe the clinical and morphological features of basal cell carcinoma, squamous
cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma.
12. Describe the classification, uses and adverse effects of drugs for skin diseases.
26
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Learning Strategies:
COURSE NAME: INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
COURSE NO. 221
S.No OBJECTIVES
1.
Development of skin and its appendages
2.
Gross and microscopic structure of skin
3.
STRATEGY
Lecture
Lecture
HRS.
1
1
Structure and functions of skin with special Lecture
reference to:
- Hair.
Nails.
Sweat glands.
Sebaceous glands
Functions of the skin.
Lecture
2
5.
Identify on a given diagram, photograph
or patients the following:
- Papilloma.
- Wart.
- Papules.
- Macules.
- Petechiae.
- Ecchymoses.
- Bruises.
- Blisters.
- Vesicles.
Lecture
2
6.
7Identify microscopic features of the skin
and its appendages on a given slide or
photograph
Synthesis and deposition of melanin
pigment.
Introduction/Nomenclature/Overview of
skin lesions
Pathogenesis, morphological and clinical
features of acute dermatitis
Pathogenesis, morphological and clinical
features of chronic dermatitis
Bullous (blistering) lesions
Practical /
Kodachrom
e
Lecture
2
2
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
4.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
1
1
12.
Classify skin tumors and describe the
clinical and morphological features of
basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell
carcinoma and malignant melanoma.
Lecture
2
13.
Classification, uses and adverse effects of
Lecture
1
27
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
drugs for skin diseases.
14.
Pathology practical and Kodachrome
15.
Total
Practical
5
24
28
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
COURSE: Descriptive Epidemiology & Demography
OBJECTIVES:
By the end of the course students should be able to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Explain the importance of epidemiology.
Interpret the incidence and prevalence rates for a given study.
Classify the different type epidemiological studies.
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of different types of descriptive
epidemiological study design.
5. Interpret vital statistics in health.
6. Describe the demographic parameters of a population.
7. Explain the types of epidemics and investigation of epidemics.
S.No. OBJECTIVES
1
Importance of epidemiology
2
3
4
Incidence and prevalence rates for a given
Study
Different types of epidemiological studies
Descriptive epidemiological studies
5
Vital statistics in health
6
Demographic parameters of population
7
Types of epidemics.
Investigation of an epidemic
Movie of public health importance
8
STRATEGY
Lecture
SGS
Lecture
SGS
Lecture
Lecture
SGS
Lecture
SGS
Lecture
SGS
Lecture
HRS.
1
2
2
3
1
1
3
2
3
2
3
2
Movie session
Total
3
28
29
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
COMMUNITY HEALTH SCIENCE
ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
•
Discuss the impact of environmental degradation on health
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Air and noise pollution
Global climatic changes (greenhouse effect)
Ozone layer depletion
Population Growth
Transboundary shipment of hazardous waste
Loss of biodiversity
Desertification
Deforestation
Describe the methods for hospital and biomedical waste management including
safe injection practices
Describe occupational health services with respect to aim, objectives and
functions
State the general principles of occupational disease prevention and control
Describe occupation disease of public health importance
Describe the risk factors, consequences and preventive strategies for tobacco and
other substance abuses
Classify types of radiation and their effects.
Describe protection from radiation
Describe water purification methods applicable to the household and community
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
• Define the term Disaster
• Describe the types of disaster
• Discuss the disaster management and control in relation to: Response,
Preparedness and Mitigation
SNAKE BITE
•
•
•
Describe the epidemiology of snake bite
Classify types of venoms and their mode of action
Describe the management of snake bites and its prevention
30
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
LEARNING STRATEGIES
Objective #
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
1
2
3
OBJECTIVES
STRATEGY
ENVIRONMENTAL AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Discuss the impact of environmental degradation Interactive
on health
session
Describe the methods for hospital and
biomedical waste management including safe
Lecture
injection practices
Describe occupational health services with
Lecture
respect to aim, objectives and functions
State the general principles of occupational
Lecture
disease prevention and control
Describe occupation disease of public health
Lecture
importance
Describe the risk factors, consequences and
preventive strategies for tobacco and other
CBS
substance abuses
Classify types of radiation and their effects.
Lecture
Describe protection from radiation
Describe the water purification methods
Lecture
applicable to the household and community
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Define the term Disaster
Describe the types of disaster
Lecture
Discuss the disaster management and control in
relation to: Response, Preparedness and
Mitigation
SNAKE BITE
Describe the epidemiology of snake bite
Classify types of venoms and their mode of
action
Lecture
Describe the management of snake bites and its
prevention
HRS
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
31
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
COURSE NAME: URINARY SYSTEM
COURSE No: 219
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the course of Urinary System, students should be able to:
1. Describe the development of urinary system.
2. Explain on the basis of development, the mechanisms and manifestations of the
congenital anomalies of the urinary system.
3. Describe the structures forming the posterior abdominal wall.
4. Describe gross and microscopic structure of kidney, ureter, renal AV shunts, urinary
bladder and urethra.
5. Explain the regulation and significance of renal blood flow
6. Explain the mechanism of urine formation with reference to the following:
a) Countercurrent exchange
b) Glomerular filtration
c) Tubular reabsorption
d) Tubular secretion
e) Acid-base balance
f) Body fluids & osmolarity
g) Countercurrent multiplier.
h) Cortico-medullary oxygen gradient
7. Discuss the renal blood flow and GFR on the basis of plasma clearance of the
following substances:
a) PAH b) Inulin
c) Creatinine
8. Explain the mechanism of filtration, re-absorption and secretion of the following:
a) Sodium
c) Urea
b) Potassium
d) Creatinine
e) Albumin
f) Calcium
g) Glucose
h) Uric acid
i) Chloride
j) Ammonia
9. Explain the mechanism and regulation of micturition with reference to:
a) Atonic Bladder
b) Automatic Bladder
c) Neurogenic Bladder
32
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
10. Describe the endocrine role of kidney.
11. Discuss the composition of urine with reference to different clinical conditions.
12. Discuss the etiology, pathogenesis and clinical features of:
a) Poly Cystic kidney diseases
b) Nephrotic syndrome
c) Nephritic syndrome
d) Pyelonephritis
e) Acute tubular necrosis and renal failure
f) Tumours of urinary tract (Kidney and urinary bladder)
13. Describe the mechanism of action, clinical uses, adverse effects and
contraindications of the following:
a) Uricosuric drugs
b) Diuretics
14. Discuss the pathogenesis, types, manifestations and preventive measures involved
in renal calculi.
15. Advise dietary and lifestyle modifications of patients with renal stones in given a
case scenario
16. Discuss the concepts of dialysis & kidney transplantation.
17. Identify the normal structures of urinary tract on the following imaging techniques:
a) Ultrasound
b) X-Ray KUB
c) Intravenous Pyelography
d) CT Scan
18. Interpret the following clinical tests used to assess renal function:
a) Urine DR (Quantity, Sp. gravity, pH, Glucose, Protein, RBCs & Microscopy)
b) GFR / Renal plasma flow
c) BUN
d) Creatinine Clearance
e) Na transport-oxygen
f) Na+ transport-oxygen consumption ratio
19. Identify the parts of urinary tract in a given specimen, model and microscopic slide.
20. Mark the kidney on the surface of body.
33
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Learning Strategies
COURSE NAME: Urinary System
COURSE NO: 219
S. No
1.
2.
3.
OBJECTIVES
Development of urinary system
STRATEGIES
Lecture
HRS.
2
PBL
4
Microscopic structure of urinary
Lecture
2
system
Practical
4
Gross structure of urinary system
Demonstration / Model
16
along with posterior abdominal wall
4.
Body fluid compartments
Lecture
1
5.
Homeostasis of water and electrolytes Lecture
2
6.
Fluid and electrolyte balance
PBL
4
7.
Renal blood flow
Lecture
1
8.
Glomerular filtration and clearance
CBS
2
9.
Countercurrent exchange
Lecture
1
10.
Countercurrent multiplier
Lecture
1
11.
Tubular reabsorption and secretion
Lecture
2
12.
Endocrine functions of kidney
Lecture
1
Mechanism and regulation of
Case Based Session
2
13.
micturition
14.
Endocrine role of kidney
Interactive session
1
15.
Composition of urine
Lecture
1
16.
Renal functions tests
Case Based Session
2
Role of kidney with reference to :
Lecture
3
Lecture
1
17.
a). Homeostasis of water and
electrolytes
b). Acid Base Balance
18.
Cystic disease
34
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
19.
Nephrotic syndrome
PBL + Lecture
4/1
20.
Nephritic syndrome
PBL + Lecture
4/1
21.
Pyelonephritis
Lecture
1
Acute tubular necrosis and renal
Lecture
2
22.
failure
23.
Tumors of urinary tract
Lecture
1
24.
Dialysis and kidney transplantation
Lecture/Hospital visit
5
Imaging techniques
Lecture
2
PBL/ Lecture (Patho)
4/1
a) Ultrasound
25.
b) X-Ray KUB
c) Intravenous Pyelography
d) CT Scan
1. Dietary and lifestyle modifications
of patients with renal stones.
26.
2. Pathogenesis, types, manifestations
and preventive measures involved in
renal calculi
27.
Uricosuric drugs
Lecture
1
28.
Diuretics
Lecture
2
Analysis of urine – I (Normal &
Practical
2
Surface marking of kidneys
Practical
2
Clinical examination of kidneys and
Practical
4
Demonstration / skill
2
Skill
29.
30.
31.
32.
Abnormal constituents)
bladder
Identification of catheters
lab
33.
Pathology Practical
34.
Pathology Kodachrome
35.
Pharmacology Practical
Practical
2
1
Practical
4
35
Ziauddin University
36.
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Total
99
SGS = Small Group Session
PBL = Problem Based Learning
CBS = Case Based Session
D/D = Dissection & Demonstration
COURSE NAME: Reproductive System
COURSE NO: 215
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the course students should be able to:
1. Describe the development of reproductive system and Explain the mechanism
resulting in the following common congenital anomalies of the genital tract
a) Hydrocele
b) Cryptorchidism - undescended testes/retractile testes
c) Epispadias
d) Hypospadias
e) Phimosis
f) Imperforate hymen
g) Malformations of uterus.
2. Describe the gross and microscopic structure of male reproductive organs (testis,
scrotum, spermatic cord, seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral glands and
penis).
3. Identify the male reproductive organs on a given specimen, model and
microscopic slide.
4. Discuss male hormones with particular reference to the following aspects:
a) Source & synthesis
b) Chemical nature
c) Inactivation
d) Physiological actions and variations
36
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
5. Describe the etiology, pathogenesis, morphology, diagnosis and clinical features
of:
a. Prostatitis
b. Prostatic hyperplasia/ hypertrophy
c. Prostatic carcinoma
6. Discuss the causes, pathogenesis and clinical features of scrotal swellings, with
special emphasis on the following:
a) varicocele
b) hydrocele
c) spermatocele
d) orchitis
e) epididymitis
f) testicular tumors
7. Describe the clinical uses and adverse effects of androgens and their antagonists.
8. Describe the gross and microscopic structure and functions of female reproductive
organs (ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina).
9. Identify the female reproductive organs on a given specimen, model and
microscopic slide.
10. Describe the microscopic and gross structure of breast.
11. Discuss female hormones with particular reference to the following aspects:
a) Source & synthesis
b) Chemical nature
c) Inactivation
d) Physiological actions and variations
12. Discuss the role of hormones in puberty, menarche, menopause, pregnancy,
lactation and parturition.
13. Explain the regulation of different phases of ovarian and menstrual cycle.
14. Interpret the pattern of changes in blood levels of hormones as LH, FSH, estrogen &
progestrone during different phases of menstural & ovarian cycles.
37
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
15. Interpret clinical data for the following conditions.
i) Primary ovarian failure
j) Primary testicular failure
k) Secondary hypogonadism
l) Adrenogenital syndrome
e) Precocious puberty
16. Explain the physiological changes during pregnancy in the mother.
17. Perform pregnancy test on a given sample of urine by kit method.
18. Describe clinical features, diagnosis and natural history of gestational trophoblastic
tumors.
19. Describe the clinical uses, adverse effects and contraindications of estrogen and
anti-estrogens.
20. Describe the clinical uses and adverse effects of progestins, and their antagonists.
21. Discuss the mechanism of action, indication and adverse effects of different
hormonal contraceptives.
22. Discuss mechanism of action, clinical uses and adverse effects of tocolytics and
ecobolics.
23. Discuss the etiology, morphology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and prevention of
carcinoma cervix.
24. Discuss the causes, pathogenesis, clinical features and diagnosis of abnormal
uterine bleeding, in different age groups, with special reference to dysfunctional
uterine bleeding, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial polyp and carcinoma.
25. Describe the clinical features and pathogenesis of endometriosis and adenomyosis.
26. Classify ovarian tumors and Describe the, clinical features, diagnosis and natural
history of common ovarian tumors.
27. Describe the gross and microscopic structure and functions of mammary gland.
28. List the causes of lump in the breast and discuss etiology, pathogenesis ,
morphology, clinical features, epidemiology and natural history of the following
-
mastitis
-
fibrocystic disease of the breast
38
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
-
benign tumors of the breast (fibroadenoma and phyllodes tumor)
-
carcinomas of the breast (ductal and lobular)
29. Describe gynaecomastia, and list its causes.
30. Explain the concept of reproductive health and describe the components of
reproductive health using life cycle approach.
31. Define the terms fertility, maternal, neonatal and infant mortality.
32. Interpret data in relation to fertility & mortality.
33. Discuss the health needs of adolescents with particular reference to reproductive
health.
34. Discuss the problems of adolescent health in context of socio-cultural, educational
and human relations perspectives.
35. Identify the cultural & behavioral determinants of reproductive health.
36. Discuss the different methods of contraception.
37. Describe the policies and programs related to family planning and reproductive
health in Pakistan.
39
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Learning Strategies:
Course Name: Reproductive System
Course No: 215
S. No.
OBJECTIVES
1.
Introduction to reproductive system
2.
Gross anatomy of reproductive system
3.
Development of male reproductive
system
4.
Development of female reproductive
system
5.
Microscopic structure of uterus, fallopian
tubes, and vagina
6.
Microscopic structure of seminal vesicles,
vas deferens and epididymis.
STRATEGY
HRS.
Lecture
1
Demonstration
20
Lecture
3
Lecture
3
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
7.
Microscopic structure of testes.
Lecture
1
8.
Microscopic structure of ovaries
Lecture
1
9.
Microscopic structure of reproductive
Histology Practical
20
Interactive Session
1
Lecture
2
PBL/ Lecture
4/1
Lecture
1
system
10.
Identify on models, slides parts of male
and female reproductive organs.
11.
Synthesis and functions of male
hormones
12.
Prostatitis
Prostate hyperplasia/hypertrophy
Prostate Carcinoma
13.
Diagnostic workup of scrotal swelling
14.
Pathology Practical/ Kodachrome
Practical/
Kodachrome
15.
Clinical uses and adverse effects of
androgens and their antagonists.
Lecture
5
1
40
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
16.
Structure and functions of ovaries
17.
Female hormones: Chemical nature and
functions in development of sec. sex
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
Case Based Session
2
PBL / Lecture
4/1
Lecture
1
Practical
2
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
character
18.
Concepts of menarche, puberty &
menopause
19.
Parturition and Lactation
20.
Menstrual / ovarian cycle & methods of
detection of ovulation.
21.
Interpret clinical data for the following
conditions.
a) Primary ovarian failure
b) Primary testicular failure
c) Secondary hypogonadism
d) Adrenogenital syndrome
e) Precocious puberty
22.
Role of hormones in pregnancy &
physiology of pregnancy
23.
Perform pregnancy test on a given
sample of urine by kit method
24.
Clinical features, diagnosis and natural
history
of
gestational
trophoblastic
tumors.
25.
Clinical
uses,
adverse
effects
and
contraindications of estrogen and antiestrogens
26.
Clinical uses and adverse effects of
progestin.
41
Ziauddin University
27.
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Discuss the mechanism of action,
indication and adverse effects of
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
Lecture
2
Lecture
1
different hormonal contraceptives.
28.
Mechanism of action, clinical uses and
adverse effects of tocolytics and
ecobolics
29.
CIN & Carcinoma cervix
30.
Abnormal uterine bleeding with special
reference to:
a) Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
b) Endometrial hyperplasia
c) Endometriosis and adenomyosis
d) Endometrial polyp
e) Endometrial carcinoma
31.
Classification, clinical features, and
natural history of common ovarian
tumors
32.
Gross anatomy of mammary gland
Demonstration
2
33.
Microscopic structure of mammary
Lecture
1
Practical
2
PBL/Lecture
4/1
glands
34.
Diagnostic workup of breast lump with
special reference to:
mastitis
fibrocystic disease of the breast
benign tumors of the breast
carcinomas of the breast
gynaecomastia
35.
Pathology Practical/ Kodachrome
Practical/
Kodachrome
5
42
Ziauddin University
36.
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Explain the concept of reproductive
health and describe the components of
reproductive health using life-cycle
Lecture
1
Lecture
1
Small group session
2
Lecture
1
Case Based Session
2
Case Based Session
2
PBL
4
approach.
37.
Define the terms fertility and maternal,
neonatal and infant mortality
38.
Interpret data in relation to fertility and
mortality.
39.
Describe the policies and programs
related to family planning and
reproductive health in Pakistan.
40.
Discuss the health needs of adolescents
with particular reference to reproductive
health
41.
Discuss the problems of adolescent
health
in
context
educational
and
of
socio-cultural,
human
relations
perspectives.
42.
Identify the cultural and behavioral
determinants of reproductive health.
43.
Describe the different methods of
contraception.
44.
Pharmacology Practical
Total Hours
6
117
43
Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Learning Resources
Recommended Books
Anatomy
• Susan Stranding. The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice, 40th edition 2008.
• K.L. Moore. Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 6th edition 2009.
• Richard S. Snell. Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students, 9th edition 2011.
• B Young, J.W. Heath. Wheater’s Functional Histology, 5th edition 2006.
•
•
Keith L. Moore. The Developing Human 9th edition 2011.
Langman’s Medical Embryology 12th edition 2011.
Physiology
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Arthur C. Guyton, John E. Hall. Textbook of Medical Physiology, 12th edition 2010.
Recommended
Robert M. Berne, Matthew N. Levy. Principle of Physiology, 5th edition 2006.
William F. Ganong. Review of Medical Physiology,24th edition 2012.
Sherwood, Lauralee. Human physiology : from cells to systems 8th edition 2012.
Bijlani, R.L. Understanding Medical physiology : a textbook of medical students
4th edition 2012.
Biochemistry
•
•
•
•
•
Robber K. Murray, Daryl K. Granner, Peter A. Mayes, Victor W. Rodwell.
Harper’s
th
Biochemistry, 29 edition 2012.
Pamela C. Champe, Richard A. Harvey. Lippincott’s Illustrated Review of
Biochemistry, 5th edition 2010.
Harold C. Sox Jr. Common Diagnostic Tests, use and interpretation 2nd edition 1990.
Jhon F. Zilva, Peter R. Pannall, Philip D. Mayne. Clinical Chemistry in Diagnosis and
Treatment, 5th edition 1988.
U. Satyanarayana. Biochemistry 2006.
Community Health Sciences
•
•
•
Mohd. Ilyas et. Al. Community Medicine and Public Health, 7th edition 2006.
Kumza JW, Bohnenblust SE, Basic Statistics for the Health Sciences, 5th Edition 2005.
CHS Course Book (available from CHS / ZU).
Pharmalcology
• Bertram G. Katzung. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 12th Edition. 2011.
• Bennett and Brown. Clinical Pharmacology, 11th Edition. 2012.
• Goodman and Gillman. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 12th Edition.
2011.
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Ziauddin University
•
•
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Rang, Dale, Ritter and Moore. Pharmacology, 7th Edition. 2012.
Tripathi. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology. 6th Edition. 2008.
Pathology
• Peter D. Turnpenny, Emery’s Elements of Medical Genetics (14th ed.). New York:
Churchill Livingstone. 2011.
• Cotran RS, Kumar V and Collins T. Robbin’s Pathologic Basis of Disease (8th ed.).
Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. 2012.
• Walter JB and Talbot IC. Walter and Israel’s General Pathology (7th ed.). New York:
Churchill Livingstone. 1996.
• Kumar V, Cotran RS, and Robbins SL. Basic Pathology (9th ed.). Philadelphia: W.B.
Saunders. 2012.
• Rubin E, Pathology (6th ed.) Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven. 2011
• Ivan Roitt. Riott’s Essential Immunology (12th ed.). New Delhi:I.K. International Pvt.
Ltd. 2011.
• Wheater P et al. Basic Histopathology: A Color Atlas and Text (4th ed.). Edinburgh:
Churchill Livingstone. 2002.
Computer Assisted Learning:
Topic
-
Catalogue #
Interactive Atlas of Human Anatomy
Explorations in Cell Biology and Genetics
Interactive Physiology
Wheater’s Interactive Histology
Radiological Anatomy
Imaging Atlas of Human Anatomy 2.0
Human Anatomy
Virtual Human Atlas
Comprehensive Microscopic Anatomy
Video:
Statistics. Decisions through Data.
43 and 116
44 and 115
48
52
54
67
76
78
77
12-16
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
STUDENT CODE OF CONDUCT
1.
1.1
1.2
1.3
INTRODUCTION:
The ZU was established with the objective of developing human resources
appropriately equipped to deal with the problems, which are of particular
relevance to its environment. The University considers its students to be mature and
responsible individuals and makes all efforts for developing matching professional
attributes.
The University expects that behaviour of the students, within and outside the
premises of the University, should be in conformity with the highest standards of
honesty, morality and discipline. The students should respect the rights and
privileges of the members of the University community at all times. They should
refrain from conduct that might damage the reputation of the University or any of
its programmes.
The students should refrain from any conduct that may lead to the disruption of an
academic programme of the University and from cheating and plagiarism in any
setting of the University.
2.
THE CONDUCT OF STUDENTS:
2.1
GENERAL CONDUCT:
All students should present themselves with dignity befitting their status as mature
professionals and responsible citizens.
a.
Students in all settings on campus are expected to dress in a simple and
decent manner.
b.
Students individually or as a group, should obtain written ZU approval before
organizing or assisting in organizing demonstrations, rallies or picketing on
campus.
c.
Students individually or as a group should refrain from disseminating or
causing to disseminate material or engage in activity which hinder or prevent
the full participation of another person or group in the life of the University.
d.
Religious and social activities held on campus must have prior written
University authorization.
e.
Students should ensure that their actions do not endanger or threaten the
health, safety or well being of other persons.
f.
Students should refrain from any behavior, which can be interpreted by
others as sexual harassment.
g.
Students should obtain written authorization before making public
statements, communication, or correspondence with the press or other
media for mass communication on behalf of the University.
h.
Unless otherwise authorized in writing the students should refrain from inviting
government and or foreign dignitaries, ministers, representatives of foreign
governments/agencies or other public personalities in their official capacity
on campus.
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Ziauddin University
i.
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Students should refrain from any activity, which is subversive of discipline and
may constitute misconduct.
SMOKING IS PROHIBITED ON CAMPUS, DISCIPLINARY ACTION WILL BE
TAKEN AS DEDUCTION IN ATTENDANCE.
2.2
ACADEMIC CONDUCT:
All students should diligently apply themselves to their registered courses of study.
They should respect the confidentiality of information and should use it in no other
circumstances than for professional and authorized academic purposes.
a.
Students should attend lectures, PBLs, tutorials, seminars, practicals, clinics
and ward assignments, examinations and other scheduled courses, activities
and assignments given by the faculty except for reasons acceptable to the
University.
b.
c.
d.
Students should ensure that any original academic writing, including essays,
theses, research projects or assignments in a course or programme of study
either represents their own words, ideas, images or data or is appropriately
referenced.
Students should obtain authorization before procuring, possessing, distributing
or receiving any confidential material pertaining to academic tests,
examinations, research or laboratory results from any source.
Students should respect the confidentiality of information pertaining to
patients, including their records or files.
RULES:
1. INTRODUCTION:
1.1
Students of ZU are required to exhibit good attitude and discipline. Guidelines
have been delineated in the University’s Code of Conduct (“Code of
Conduct”) framed by the University to provide students with a reference to the
standards for discipline. It is expected that all students will strictly uphold and
adhere to the Code of Conduct, but in cases where there are grounds to
suspect a breach or any infringement of the Code of Conduct or disregard or
contempt of the Code of Conduct, disciplinary action may be initiated for such
behaviour committed either within or outside the precincts of the University or
any establishment, project or setting thereof anywhere located. The reference
to the expression “University” shall mean and include (unless the context
provides otherwise), any establishment, project or setting of the University
located anywhere in the world.
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Ziauddin University
1.2
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
The disciplinary procedure to be followed upon breach and /or infringement of
the Code of Conduct is defined herein, along with the actions, which constitute
disciplinary offences and the decision-making authority.
2. DISCIPLINARY OFFENCE:
Without prejudice to the generality of the provisions of the Code of Conduct and
the provisions of Rules 1.1 and 1.2, the following conduct will constitute disciplinary
offence:
1.1.
MINOR OFFENCES:
a. Repeated failure to conform to scheduled instruction, practical work,
examination, clinical assignments and or forcing other students to act
likewise.
b. Smoking, eating, drinking where prohibited in the settings of the University.
NOTE: All minor offences will be dealt with as major if repeated.
1.2.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
MAJOR OFFENCES:
Assault on students, members of staff, faculty or patients.
Any form of unauthorized picketing, rallies, demonstrations or organized
obstructions of any student/University/University Hospital function in any
manner whatsoever.
Any attempt to conceive, design or affect any plans of whatever nature
whose object or consequence is to disrupt academic programmes of the
University or its operations.
Malicious acts, theft, willful damage or misuse of University property.
Disorderly conduct and/or molestation of other members of the University
Community within and outside the University premises.
Bringing unauthorized persons in the university premises or any other building
related to the University.
Cheating, plagiarism and or use of unfair means in examinations or any other
academic setting.
Possession, use and display of firearms, drugs, alcohol or other contraband
items on campus or at University related events.
Any other offence, which is considered to be harmful to the academic
atmosphere.
DISCIPLINARY ACTIONS:
The University will have the powers to impose any one or more of the following
actions. However, nothing will preclude the University from requiring any student or
parent or both to execute any bond, assurance or undertaking to support
expected conduct throughout his/her stay at the University.
MINOR DISCIPLINARY OFFENCE will be liable to one or more of the following
sanctions.
a) Counseling of the student.
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
b) Probation: A student can be put on probation for a specified period of time with
mandatory periodic counseling.
c) A letter of warning or reprimand to the student with information to the parents.
d) The payment of fine by the offender commensurate with the nature and gravity
of the offence committed amounting up to 5% of the annual fees of the
student.
MAJOR DISCIPLINARY OFFENCE will be liable to one or more of the following
sanctions
a) The payment of fine by the offender commensurate with the nature and gravity
of
the offence committed amounting up to 5% of the annual fees of the
student.
b) Suspension from the University for a specified period.
c) Expulsion from the University.
d) Any other penalty which the University may deem fit to impose.
DISCIPLINARY PROCEDURE:
The following steps constitute the disciplinary procedure.
4.1
Any disciplinary offence not of serious nature may be brought to the attention of
the offender by an affected student through the faculty/staff member concerned
of the University. The purpose of this in the first instance is to resolve the matter
through constructive criticism counseling and/or admonition. The expression
“offence not of serious nature” appearing herein above shall be such offence as is
considered as an offence of not a serious nature by the faculty/staff member of
the University in his/her sole discretion. The expression “faculty/staff member of the
University” shall be in relation to the following Units of the University namely,
(i) Medical College, (ii) College of Nursing, (iii) College of Physical Therapy
(iv)
School Medical Technology (v) College of Pharmacy. (vi) College of Speech
Language Therapy (vii) Dental college (viii) Faculty of Media Sciences.
4.2
If the matter is not resolved or the student repeats an offence or if the offence is a
serious one, the head of the Unit concerned i.e. (i) in the case of Medical
College/College of Pharmacy – the Dean, (ii) in the case of school of Medical &
CSLT Technology – the Director and (iii) in the case of school of Physiotherapy /
School of Nursing respective dean/Principals or their designate will be informed,
who shall advise investigation by the Disciplinary Committee constituted under Rule
5.1. The outcome of the investigation shall be communicated to the head of the
relevant Unit. He/she may act upon the recommendation of the Disciplinary
Committee or in accordance with his/her judgment. The decision shall then be
communicated to the offender. The matter shall be resolved normally within
fourteen working days of the day the Head of the Unit is informed of the offence.
4.3
A student may appeal in writing against such a decision to the Head of his Unit
within ten working days of the decision having been communicated in writing to
the student. The student shall within the said period of time submit his/her appeal to
the Head of his/her Unit i.e. Dean or his designate in the case of Medical College
and College of Pharmacy, Dental College, College of Nursing– (ii) in the case of
Institute of Medical Technology the Director and (iii) in the case of College of
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Ziauddin University
4.4
4.5
5.
5.1
5.2
5.3
6.
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
Physical Therapy Principal as the case may be for onward submission to the Vice
Chancellor. The Head of the Unit shall request the Vice chancellor to constitute the
Appeal Committee under Rule 5.2 and refer the matter to it for consideration of the
appeal.
The Appeal Committee shall take up and review the case and communicate its
decision in writing to the VC normally within ten working days. The VC may act
upon the recommendations of the Appeal Committee or in accordance with
his/her own judgment.
If the decision is not acceptable to the student, he/she may request a final review
by the VC. The VC’s decision thereafter shall be final and binding.
STRUCTURE OF THE DISCIPLINARY AND APPEAL COMMITTEES:
The structure of Disciplinary Committee shall consist of five members of the faculty,
one of whom shall be the Chairperson. The Chairperson and members may serve
for three years. They may be appointed for another term of two years. The
Committee shall be appointed by the ZU Academic Council.
A University Appellate Committee shall be appointed as and when required, by the
VC. It shall consist of three faculty members (one of whom shall be the chairperson)
who have not been associated with counseling or with investigation of the
student’s current or his/her any previous offence.
The Disciplinary Committee and the Appellate Committee will have authority to call
for evidence or questioning any person witness to the offence/ event reported for
investigation to the disciplinary committee.
DISCIPLINARY AUTHORITY:
Notwithstanding anything contained herein, the VC shall be the final disciplinary
authority of the University with powers to:
Appoint or change a Disciplinary Committee and define disciplinary procedures.
a. Suspend the privileges of enrolment of a student who is suspected of a breach
of the code, pending investigation.
b. Act upon the recommendations of the Disciplinary Committee which may
include expulsion of a student from the University.
c. Appoint an Appeal Committee and define procedures for appeal.
d. Take any measure that may be necessary for ensuring effective disciplinary
procedures.
e. Delegate any of his authority.
f. Make, alter and modify the Disciplinary Procedure (Rules).
DEFINITIONS:
The said expression shall mean and include any person enrolled with the University for a
course of studies leading to an undergraduate or postgraduate degree or diploma or
certificate within the University or the University Hospital or any person registered with any
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Ziauddin University
MBBS 2
nd
Year 2013– 2014 Semester 3
other University or Institution who has been accepted for an approved programme of study
or training at ZU.
Vice Chancellor:
The VC shall be deemed to mean the VC of the University unless otherwise stated.
Dean:
Unless otherwise indicated, the “Dean” shall be interpreted as the Dean of
(a) Medical College.
(b) Post Graduate Studies. (Clinical / Basic)
(c) Pharmacy.
(d) College of Nursing
Unit:
Unless otherwise indicated, a unit shall mean the Medical College, College of Physical
Therapy, College of Pharmacy or any Institute, College or School of the University.
Head of the Unit:
Shall mean Director of the Medical Technology & College of SLT, Principle of College of
Physiotherapy and Dental College, Dean or his/her designate for the Medical College,
Pharmacy.
Suspension:
Suspension requires a student to withdraw completely from all the activities of the
University for a specified period of time. Upon expiry of the period of suspension the
student will be re-admitted, contingent upon the terms and conditions of the suspension
without any obligation or liability whatsoever on the part of the University or any of its
staff/faculty members or officers.
Expulsion:
Expulsion means termination of enrolment in the University.
Interns and Residents:
These shall be deemed to be the students of the University.
Fine:
This is an order to student for payment of a sum of money to the University as penalty for
any offence committed by the student. The student may or may not be permitted to
continue with the course of studies until the fine has been paid.
⇒⇒⇒⇒ END ⇐⇐⇐⇐
51