How to build an organization or program FIRSTLY THE CHECKLIST • Everything you do needs to be done in a checklist. • When you know how to do everything you will usually find that it is fairly simple. However until that time things can usually get pretty confusing and sometimes overwhelming. • The reasons for this are usually – You weren’t trained with a checklist so that you could grasp everything quickly and simply – You don’t work with a checklist so to cut down hours of thinking and going over everything to make sure it is all done. • Checklists in the simplest form are nothing more than a very brief description of the activity and a statistic to measure how the production is going. • For those in leadership roles statistical checklists will save you hundreds of hours in monitoring not only how a task is going but also if it is being done in the first place How to train someone • So lets start with how to train someone. Because the import person that you need to know how to train is yourself. • The reason that a lot of programs don’t work is because most of us leave this responsibility up to our boss, senior or supervisor. And if this person doesn’t have the organizational or personal skills then things usually go to pieces or don’t happen at all. • • • • • • • • Training checklist Overview (Brief training) Step by step Show them Watch them Let them do it on their own Have them teach some (or you) Monitor them Detailed training and start again by going through step by step again • What people don’t get is that training continues long after someone is able to do the work. Not everything you teach will be absorbed the first few times you explain it. • And things can all ways be improved. • I have always had this rule that says – Training only finishes when they can do every component better than you. This includes being able to teach others And that is usually when you will be come the student again whether you are their boss or not. • IMPORTANT NOTE: • If you don’t teach others to teach you will lose thousands of hours teaching others continuously for the same role in the future. • And for a leader it usually means that your organization or project is not going to move forward very quickly. Barriers to learning • There are usually 3 major barriers to learning. – 1) Misunderstood words – 2) To high a gradient – 3) Lack of mass (can’t visualize it) Misunderstood words • If you are using words that a person doesn’t understand you may as well be speaking another language as you are wasting your time they are not going to get it. • Most people will just try and guess rather than stop you. Guessing doesn’t have a great success rate so again you are just wasting time. • SOLUTION • When I take responsibility for my own learning and I don’t understand the words I will usually ask what each word means. Or I will ask them to pretend they are teaching a three year old and start again. • Teach people like they are three, not in a degrading way but in a simple way. • The idea of only educating those that are all ready educated it silly and not practical. To high a gradient • Remove the first 7 steps of a ladder and see how easy it is to get to the top. Very very few can do it. And if they do it is because they have used a method that didn’t need a ladder in the first place (eg climbing a pole) • Leaning is no different. Many kids that didn’t understand math early on were just told to keep going. And they just grow up not being able to do or enjoy it • SOLUTION • Break everything down into small steps. If you have to teach a three year old you will soon learn what every little step is. • There are so many things we do naturally (meaning we learnt it previously) that we some times just take for granted that everyone else already knows how to do. • Take that for granted and again you are wasting your time because they are not going to be able to do it. Lack of mass • If I said to you I want you to go wash the tractor and you have never seen a tractor before you are not going to understand what I am talking about. You might have been taught that it is piece of machinery used to pull other farm equipment around. But you would not be able to pick it up out of a line up usually. • What if I tell you to get the keys to the tractor and when you get to the board of keys there are 10 sets and you don’t know which one it is • Or what if I tell you to make me a cake. There are thousands of styles of cakes so how would you know which one I would want. • Creativity is a basic step of problem solving because it is the skill of being able to close your eyes and see something that you or others have never seen before. • Highly creative people can see things that you explain with out having to be able to have seen it before. But they are rear. But their imagination will never see what yours does this can be good in the sense that these people can give you more than what you asked for or something better, or it can be bad in the sense that you will get something that you didn’t want or need. • So make sure you show them first and make sure that they get ever step. SIDE NOTE • Have a look at this scale • • • • • Pain / pleasure (motivation skills) Find a problem (observation skills) Create an ideal scene (creative skills) Find a solution (problem solving skills) Do the solution (organization, people and motivation skills) • We are motivated in two ways getting pleasure or getting rid of pain. • For the humanitarian most of us either experience pain or experience pain of seeing others in pain. • Wanting to get rid of this pain is what will get most people involved or started • When they start if the pain reduces and the pleasure increases then they will stay involved • If not they will leave • Usually how the pain decrease and how the pleasure increase for most is irrelevant. But good to know if you want to be able to control or monitor continuous pleasure in others. • Once the pain (or uncomfortable feelings) start then we look for a problem. Being able to understand how things move in relation to others is important. Knowing how an engine works will help get the wheels moving. • A mechanic learns first how an engine moves in relation to its other parts then he is able to observe a symptom of the problem and follow it back until he finds the source of the problem. • Through his study he was given a long list of solutions for different problems. • Highly creative people were the ones that designed these engines and also designed solutions for the problems that come with these engines. • The point here is this. People that have a high level of motivation, observation, creativity, problem solving, organization, people skills are the ones that will be able to start programs from scratch. • Others will need help • Once we find that problem we then need to think or how we want the situation (or scene) to be. • After that we need to find a solution that gets us from A to B • Then we need to implement the solution and actually get to point B. If we don’t get there we need to start again on the scale until we get there. • Again highly creative people or visionaries are able to do step three which is to see what it should be like. People that can do this step well are rare. It is a skill the mankind hasn’t worked out yet how to teach very well. But a simple solution is to walk someone into a room and show them. “This is what it needs to look like when you are done” If you can’t do it yet take them to somewhere that can. What it they don’t have a skill • Pain / pleasure (motivation skills) – You need to show others that they can decrease pain and increase others (its called inspiration at this level) The bad way to do this is to increase their pain until they do it. • Find a problem (observation skills) – You will need to assess the area for them • Create an ideal scene (creative skills) – They need to be shown the ideal scene • Find a solution (problem solving skills) – Give them the list of solutions (usually called training) • Do the solution (organization, people and motivation skills) – Here you will need to motive people (give them pleasure) and if they run into a lack of people or organization skills you need to give this to them also, if you don’t give them the skills to solve their problem or pain they will go • People are attracted to pleasure and withdraw from pain. When they don’t withdraw they become stressed, depressed and sometimes suicidal. • If they can’t create pleasure or move toward pleasurable things then the above symptoms become constant. Overview • The reason this is the most important step is because people only absorb information that is relevant to them and their goals. Remember all that information you were taught at school that has nothing to do with any interest or goal - You don’t. And in most cases it didn’t sinking in the first place. • When you show people what it is they are producing they then take every piece of information and picture it and walk it through in their minds. • Example. • Task – Talk to Kelly she will give you the database • Task – Call everyone and see if they want to get involved • Task – Book them in • Task – Then send the bookings to the relevant person. • With out the overview this information is useless • The person doesn’t understand what they are doing or how to relate and process and remember the information you are talking about. People don’t remember words very well, but the remember pictures much better whether it be created in their imagination and or if they say it first hand. • Overview – Keeping all our admin role positions filled is one of the most important part of the organization. If we have none filled then we can’t do anything at all and if we only have some filled then our other admin staff get stress and quit quicker and many tasks are prioritized and others are not done at all – Your job is call people on the database and find people that are interested in trying these positions and then book them into see gary • Now that makes a little more sense. • But now here is the problem – Can you recite all the tasks – How many were there – If you think you got them all how confident are you to now teach someone else what you just learnt or even do a seminar on it • When you were first trained without the overview the mind was trying to picture what was going on and it formed the best picture it could, and then it filed it. • Then the overview was given and the picture was different. • But believe it or not even though you have all the information you need, all you really have is 2 incorrect pictures even though the task is short and simple • Now lets look at this in the correct order and see what happens • Overview – Keeping all our admin role positions filled is one of the most important part of the organization. If we have none filled then we can’t do anything at all and if we only have some filled then our other admin staff get stress and quit quicker and many tasks are prioritized and others are not done at all – Your job is call people on the database and find people that are interested in trying these positions and then book them into see Gary • Example. • Task – Talk to Kelly she will give you the database • Task – Call everyone and see if they want to get involved • Task – Book them in • Task – Then send the bookings to the relevant person. • The mind now created a picture or a map if you like and you will most likely feel a lot more confident on what you need to do. • But there is one way do give her a much better way of visualizing it. That is what is called a production map. Production map Vols can’t contacted after 3 weeks Archived New vols on database Total names on database Volunteers called Vols said No Vols said yes Booked for interview with Gary Sent to gary • See how simple it is now every step and chose is laid down and there is no confusion. All that is needed now is to get her good and enjoying each step. This is a good thing to do for trainers as well. You will soon find what is missing from your training when you do this. • Now that the overview is done which is just another name for a brief training, it is time to walk them through it step by step • So you would walk her to Kelly. Get her the database, now she knows what that looks like. • Open the database and show her which names to call. • Now call one so she can hear you do it. • If a volunteer says no you will show her how to archive it to keep track of who you have called and get them off your database so you don’t accidently call them again. • Then when a volunteer says yes you will show her how to book in a volunteer. • Then you will show her how to notify Gary that someone is interested. • After that you will let her do one. • At this point you all looking to see what she observed and did well and what she missed • Explain if you like, do it again also is best but make sure you see her do it after that. • Let her get used to that then give her the more detailed training and then spend more time with her again and observe that she has those skills also. • The next step is monitoring. • There are two types of monitoring that you need to do. • The first type of monitoring is the production. This is done in the form of a statistic. (or stat) one stat for each task. In this case the stats would be as follows • Lets go back to the production map Production map Vols can’t contacted after 3 weeks Archived New vols on database Total names on database Volunteers called Vols said No Vols said yes • Every box would be a statistic Booked for interview with Gary Sent to gary • New vols on database – This tells you if the person who scouts or collects names is doing their job. It also tells you if this girl has enough to do her work • Total vols on database – This also tells you if there is enough work to do. “0” new vols is not a problem if there are “300” on the database and she only averages 40 calls a day. • Vols called – This tells you exactly what she is doing or getting done • Vols couldn’t contact after 3 months (3 calls minimum on diverent weeks) – This tells you names that have expired. If you don’t get them in three months then they are no longer probably interested. Volunteers that take months to contact are usually more admin work than they will give you back. So don’t worry about cutting them. • Vols no – When archiving volunteer you would want to know the difference between one that couldn’t be contacted and ones that say no. If 90% said no then you need to would on the persons phone calls where if most are not being able to be contacted then it might be the database that you need to fix. • Vols Yes – 10 vols that say yes when you need 100 is bad but if you need 8-12 its good. 10 vols that say yes about of 20 calls might be good. Out of 100 calls and its not so good. Its interesting to note here that most statistics on their own don’t mean a lot. • Vols booked – There is a difference between one that wants to be involved and one that actually gets booked in for an interview to one that is approved after the interview to one that actually starts to one that actually stays. Know a car breaks down is useless if you don’t know which part of it is broken • Send to gary – And finally you need to know if it was sent onto the next person that needs it. • Now that you have sorted what to report you need to know sort out how to report. • The best way to do this is to give them two charts. Obviously the first it the production map that tells them what work to do and the description of the stat. • The second is a chart that they can write their stat into. • Now in the case of this particular job. There are nine possible stats (or steps) • It is important that they write down all. This is important for three things. Themselves so they can improve that. For their senior to monitor in detail, and also for the committee for future investigations. • But realistically if 9 statistics were reported for every task then as far as the committee was concerned then it would defeat the purpose of statistics which is to be a very brief summary to see how they entire organization is going in one page and 30 seconds. • So the committee is usually interested in the start stat and the finish stat. In this case how man new vols in the database and how many vols booked. • But if you notice her starting stat is someone else’s finishing stat and the same for her. Her finishing stat is Gary’s starting stat. And in turn Gary’s finishing stat would be how many new admin staff that started on the job. • So really each job needs one stat as far as the committee is concerned. • There are two other stats that would be included. – Stats that monitor current problems that have been prioritized by the committee – And stats that show the vital statistics that if crashed will crash an organization or major project or do the most damage. In the case of a car are things like • Amount of fuel left • Oil warning light • Temperature of the engine • For most organization is it is about – Number of weeks left of funding – Number of staff – Number of clients – Number of programs completed – Number of program cancelled • Now back to the example of booking admin staff it would look like this • Noting that the ones in red are the ones that would be sent to committee. • But in a lot of cases the committee would want to investigate further and would not only need to see this weeks stats but at least 6 weeks prior and possible 12 months prior Now back to the example of booking admin staff it would look like this Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 New vols in database 24 7 18 0 Total vols in database 24 22 19 11 Vols called 24 22 19 0 Vols no archived 4 10 4 0 Vols uncontactable after 3 weeks archived 0 0 4 0 Vols yes 5 10 0 0 Vols booked 4 11 0 0 Sent to gary 4 0 11 0 • What ever the stats are they must include – what it was the stat of things before she starts (new names on database and total names of database) – What she did or how she changed things (vols called, vols no, vols uncontactable, vols yes, ) – How she finished or handed it to the next person (vols archived and vols booked) • After a while you will then see where a statistic needs to be in order for it to sustain itself or the organization • In this case you need 40 staff. You then will work out an average turnover through other stats (eg, 4 staff leave every month) • So you need to then average 4 new staff a month • But if you were to hire 10 staff a month and had nothing for them to do then you would lose them faster than if they had to much to do. • So the stat of admin started which was Gary’s stat in the previous example needs to be 4. • Now remembering our traffic light system where green means good and needs not attention, orange means ok but needs attention and red means things are not okay and it needs immediate attention. • You would then end up with the following information • • • • STAT: New admin staff started GREEN = 4 ORANGE = 2 RED = 1 • And one of the biggest time waster for leaders is trying to find out or remember where stats are suppose to be • Also marking them in colors you can see straight away what state it is in and what it’s the dominant color and what areas need help first • So stats are best organized as follows < or greater than > Or less then Green Orange Red Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 New vols in database 30 < 29> 20> 24 7 18 0 Total vols in database 40< 39> 20> 24 22 19 11 Vols called 20< 19> 10> 24 22 19 0 Vols no archived 4> 5< 12< 4 10 4 0 Vols uncontactable after 3 weeks archived 4> 5< 12< 0 0 4 0 Vols yes 12< 11> 8> 5 10 0 0 Vols booked 10< 9> 6> 4 11 0 0 Sent to gary 10< 9> 6> 4 0 11 0 Interview arrived 8< 7> 4> 3 0 8 0 Interviews approved 6< 5> 2> 3 0 7 0 Admin staff started 4< 3> 1> 1 2 6 4 • And the committee will get < or greater than > Or less then Green Orange Red Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Admin staff started 4< 1> 2 6 4 3> 1 • The first two weeks didn’t go well but thing over the last two weeks are good so no need to worry here • If the committee where seriously short of staff they would walk over to the green category and change it to an 8 for a few weeks • Or simply give Gary an order to deliver 8 for a while • But realistically Gary would be monitoring another stat which is staff needed and he would fill that every time • Stats save you, others and the organization thousands of hours of painful unfun work. • They should only every take a few minutes MONITORING CONTINUED • The second kind of monitoring is about the welfare of your staff and in the case volunteers the same thing will monitor if your volunteers are getting paid • Volunteers are paid in pleasure. • The thing to understand about pleasures is that it is a state of being • You don’t get it you are it • Meaning that the higher your emotional state the more pleasure you feel • A kiss from one guy will give one girl a lot of pleasure • A kiss from the same guy to another girl might cause fear or other negative emotions • So what this means is that it isn’t something that is given • Some experiences send out emotional state and pleasure levels (same thing) up • Some experiences send it down • What you need to work out is what makes it go up and what makes it go down Lets have a look at the scale • The higher you are on the scale the more pleasure you feel • The lower you are the less pleasure and more pain. • Pleasure starts above boredom • Pain starts below boredom • Boredom is the state of no pleasure. • Now it is important to understand that as pain is relieved or lessened the person feels better • As pleasure is reduced a person will feel worse • That is why anger can feel really bad when you are headed down • But when over coming suppression (you are usually in fear at this point) of some kind from another anger feels good and liberating. • Have an exhilarating period of time and go back to cheerfulness and you can feel upset that you can’t get back there. • It is also good to understand that people in overwhelm (pain of some kind) what to do nothing. They want enough time to get bored. This is about relieving pain more than getting pleasure. But once the pain is all gone they will naturally want to reach for pleasure. • So why is this important? • It is important because their emotional state around you or your organization is more about where they come from on the scale in their normal life. • If they are in grief all the time then doing a boring job on their own is something they will be attracted to. But someone who is cheerful normally will not be attracted to the boring job. • It is important to remember that everyone has 2 emotional states. The real one and the pretended one they show you. • Remember the last time you were going through a bad stage of life that you hated. And then someone walked by and said how are you doing. Remember your response. “I’m fine how are you” • You lying *&^*%$ • That’s why we focus on body language more than verbal. • The heart beats at different speeds and strengths at each emotional level. The breathing is the same. Most of the body works differently at different stages. • If you are angry but are pretending to be happy your heart still beat in anger and so does your breathing. • If you slow your breathing you will slow your heart rate and your emotional state will change. Which emotion will depend on which emotion your breath imitates. Long soft breaths that are held for a short time between each breath will usually relax you and pull you out of anger almost immediately. • So remember you are monitoring their emotional state not what they tell you their emotional state is. • A small amount of practice will improve your skills at this very well. • Also note that you don’t tell people what there emotional state is or tell them to change it. It will usually take them to anger and want you away from them. • Tell an angry person to relax and see what happens. • Also you can crash them if you guessed differently to them • Monitoring their state is for you to evaluate the following • Do they like what they are doing • Do they need help • Will they be able to achieve their task • Will they stay as a staff member long term • Now the lower you are on the scale the less strength you have against things that will pull you down. • In other words the more you will avoid. • The great thing about the emotional scale is that you can see them fall on it. • Problems make you fall • Low people make you fall • Something you can’t do make you fall • High people lift you • Achieving things lifts you • This is the biggest predictor of whether a volunteer will stay or leave. What happens after monitoring • Monitoring only tells you the condition of things it is just an observation tool • Now you need to create an ideal scene if you don’t have one (this is what your green stats are) But you will need to keep doing this for new problems that are discovered. • Your should be to – Achieve production targets (or get the job done) – Increase volunteer pleasure (or make sure they get paid) – Decrease admin hours and problems (decrease pain) • Do that and you organization will run smoothly Learning check • Probably the 2 most important things in training someone doesn’t seem to be in many training programs –1 Trainer taking responsibility to make sure the student understands and can apply the material –2 Checking that the student understands and can apply the material • So how much of the responsibility should be the trainers and how much responsibility should be the students. That’s easy. It is 100% the responsibility of the student to learn. And it is 100% the responsibility of the trainer also. • A trainers job is not to just give them the material. A trainer is entrusted with the responsibility to make competent workers • When that doesn’t happen look at the training structure or trainer • Remember the purpose of training to get someone competent in a particular activity. You have to see them apply what you have taught. • Only then will you know what they did or did not understand and only then will they also know. • And competency is really the only way they will stabilize in a role and stay long term and to what you need. • So lets do organization training • Firstly by looking just at the production maps see how much things become simple in a short amount of time • Each box is a task and a stat, the map is also a checklist of work needed to be done • You can even highlight boxes red green or orange to show each stages condition. RECRUITMENT Volunteer scouting Allocated to program Volunteer enquiry trained Web site Web site application form Recruitment email inbox Call volunteer interview Book interview Booked for training approved Missed 1 training Not approved Missed 1 interview Missed 2 trainings Notify applicant Missed 2 interview Missed 3 trainings archived Missed 3 interview archived archived Do or find I/C Train I/C How to build recruitment Create recruitment folder Create web site When interviews exceed 10 a day Find interview 1 When interviews exceed 20 a day Find interview 2 When interviews exceed 30 a day Find interview 3 When applications exceed 2 hours Find interview 2 When interviews exceed 40 a day Start new recruitment team Program I/C Grants Budget amount needed Committee approved Scout for appropriate grants Prioritize grants List of organization’s particulars Grant writer 1 Resource of successful grants and answers Grant writer 2 Allocate grants to writers Grant writer 3 Grant writer 4 Grants sends final report Grants writes final report Program writes weekly reports Grant Check editor Archive and put in grants calendar for next year Program spends money Create allocation of funds for programs Grant unsuccessful Grant successful Send grant Do or find I/C Train I/C How to build grants Create organization particulars Find grant scout When grants exceed 2 a month Find writer 1 When grants exceed 4 a month Find writer 2 When grants exceed 6 a month Find writer 3 When grants exceed 8 a month Find writer 2 When grants exceed 10 a month Start new grants team Receive final program 5 weeks before program reminder email to vols 10 days before program Volunteer management Contact president immediately of any matters that can’t wait 48 hours reminder email to vols 9 days before program Write up debrief document reminder email to vols 8 days before program Vols confirm to vol management Contact clients Total clients attending Admin day 6 days before program Program day Fill in statistics including volunteer attendance from last program Send out debrief document within 48 hours to committee Transport clients home Debrief children and vols Brief children and volunteers Carry out program assign vols to transport clients assign vols roles Volunteers needed = one volunteer per child + I/C + 2nd I/C + 1 team leader for ever 6 volunteers (or team of vols) Contact and correct vols that failed to confirm on time How to build vol management Do or find I/C If still doing I/C role hand over Find 10 volunteers Find 6 clients Find Team leader 1 Find 10 volunteers Find 6 clients Find Team leader 1 Find 10 volunteers Find 6 clients Find Team leader 1 Find 10 volunteers Find 6 clients Find volunteer coordinator When 4 teams fill start new division Find admin person Find Team leader 1 Find programmer Administration Create list of admin and legal requirements that are needed to be done for your organization to work Create report to show status of all admin and when admin is due Delegate those roles Have roles report with statistics Submit report to committee on the state of admin Check if there is anything that needs to be added to list Do or find I/C Once 5 admin teams are in place start a new division and find another I/C if more admin staff are required How to build admin Once work load exceeds 3 hours Find admin person 1 Once work load exceeds 6 hours Find admin person 2 Once work load exceeds 9 hours Find admin person 3 Once work load exceeds 12 hours Find admin person 4 Once work load exceeds 15 hours Find admin person 5 Find coordinator to run 5 admin staff Once work load exceeds 18 hours If any team has 6 admin people find another coordinator & divide up staff Find admin person 6 plus another coordinator and divide staff into 2 teams 12 month plan Committee approved Programming Do monthly program checklists for 12 months in advance 8 weeks before program finalize pricing for excursion and confirm booking Get final approval for program including budget approval Send program report to committee no later then 48 hours after program Send finalized program to I/C 5 weeks before program Write up program report Organize up front cheques or payments to be made Organize any other outstanding payments to be made, example, reimbursing volunteers Program day How to build programming I/C to find Programmer to complete overall checklists Find second programmer to complete smaller developmental activities at the program Finances Download monthly statements or accounts Attach yearly statement to annual report Attach auditor summary to annual report Create ALIV monthly statement for accounts Have accounts audited by appropriate auditor Send annual report to department of charities Volunteers write out requests for money Create ALIV yearly statement Write, disperse cheques on approved expenses Create ALIV yearly statements for accounts Create monthly finance folder for each account End of financial year Staple receipts on left side of folder Staple bank and ALIV statements on right side How to build finances Find some sucker to do finances When hours exceed 3 End goal should be each program doing their own accounts and checked by the treasure Find treasurer assistant Divide up accounts Legal requirements Client management How to build client management Starting a program from scratch Correction Centralizing management • Verses keeping the programs indipentant Afp clearances Memberships SYSTEMS • • • • Work it out Map it out Hand it out Monitor it Client Management Dimia and GSL Liaison Programs Management Administration Volunteer Management 100 How to start a charity Working with overwhelm How to start a program from scratch Checking Notes • Talk about how stat maps will help find false statistics that are given by underdeveloped volunteers. • In the step have them teach someone, talk about it is the trainers responsibility to check that the student understands. People lie or think they understand when they don’t so asking the student to you understand is more about seeing if they have questions than it is really checking. They only way to check is to see if they can actually do it and then actually teach it to another, you are also preparing them for leadership at the same time so it is mltitasking
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