Warm-Up What is the difference between a primary and a secondary source?

Warm-Up
What is the difference between a
primary and a secondary source?
• Primary Source- First hand
• Secondary source-second hand
• Telephone
Early Human Culture
A Quick Overview
PALEOLITHIC ERA
• Old Stone Age
• Begins c. 5.5—2.5
MYA
• Beginning of Ice Age
Lower Paleolithic
• Who/Time
– Australopithecus,
– 5.5 MYA-2 MYA
– Homo Habilis
– 2 MYA-1.5 MYA
Lower Paleolithic
• Tools/Technology
– Oldewan Tool Type
• core, pebble tools
• Economic System
– Hunter?/gatherers
Middle Paleolithic
• Who/Time
– Homo Erectus
– 1.8 MYA-300 KYA
• Tools/Technology
– Acheulian Tool Type
• hand axes
• Economic System
– Hunter/gatherers
• Culture
– Used fire
– Shelter, caves
– Hunted large game
– Speech ?
• (assumed at 500-800 cc
brain size)
Upper Paleolithic
• Who/Time
–Homo sapiens
neanderthalensis
– .5 MYA-30 KYA
Neanderthals
• Tools/Technology
– Mousterian Tool Type
• flake axes
• Economic System
– Hunter/gatherers
Neanderthals
• Culture
– Made fire
– Hunted in large
groups
– Clothing/tents?
Neanderthals
• Deliberate burials
• Religion (alters)
• Care for
disabled/aged
• Speech necessary
Upper Paleolithic
• Who/Time
– Homo sapiens
sapiens
– Modern humans
– 120 KYA-present
Homo Sapiens Sapiens
• Tools/Technology
– Magdalinian Tool
Type
• blade tools, flint
tools
• Composite tools
• Bone, wood, ivory
– Cave art, fetishes 30 KYA
Homo Sapiens Sapiens
• Economic System
– Hunter/gatherers
• Culture
– World travelers
– Bering Straights 25KYA
MESOLITHIC ERA
• transition period
• Middle Stone Age
• 10,000BC—5,000 BC
The Epic of Gilgamesh
1. Based on the presentation of Gilgamesh, how would you define the
concept of heroism in Sumerian culture?
2. How would you describe the political organization of the city of Uruk?
3. How are the gods described in the poem? What is their function? How do
they intervene in human affairs?
4. In the story, it is emphasized that Gilgamesh is a demigod. Why include
this emphasis of his partial divinity? How does it affect his character?
5. What roles do women play in the story? What do their representations
suggest about the significance of women in this ancient culture?