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SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS
Number 56
November, 1994
Introduction, Grammar, and Sample Sentences
for Dagur
by
Üjiyediin Chuluu
(Chaolu Wu)
Victor H. Mair, Editor
Sino-Platonic Papers
Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA
[email protected]
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Sino-Platonic Papers, 56 (November, 1994)
Introduction, Grammar, and Sample Sentences for Dagur
~ j i ~ e d i iChuluu
n
(Chaolu Wu)
University of Toronto
I. Introduction
The following materials have been translated and edited by the author based on the
three books: Dayur kele ba mongyo1 kele [Dagur and Mongolian languages], Da yur kelenu iige kelelge-yin materiyal [Language Materials for Dagur] and D a y u r kelen-ii iiges
[Vocabularies of Dagur language] all written by Engkebatu, Native Dagur, Institute for
Mongolian Language Studies, The University of Inner Mongolia, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia,
People's Republic of China. The materials are in four parts: Introduction, Grammar,
Sentence, and Selected Bibliographies.
The Dagur are a minority people living in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
Heilongjiang and Xinjiang provinces in People's. Republic of. China. Their total
population is 94,014. In Morin dabaya Autonomous Banner, Kolon boir League1 of Inner
Mongolia live 58,611. In Tsitsikhar, Heilongjiang live 30,192 and 4369 in Tacheng
County, Xinjiang.2
The Dagur language belongs to the Mongolic branch of Altaic languages. Dagur is
usually divided into Butkha, Tsitsikar, Hailar, and Xinjiang, four dialects? Three books
mentioned above were written mostly based on the Butkha dialect, which is the most
widespread of the four dialects, spoken in Morin dabaya Autonomous Banner and some
areas in Heil~ngjiang.~
Since there is a close historical and linguistic relationship between the Dagur and the
Mongols, there has been a dispute about whether Dagur is a dialect of Mongolian or an
independent language within the Mongolian languages. In the recent studies, Dagur has
been mostly regarded as one of the Mongolian languages? Dagur has many similarities in
phonetics, grammatical structure, and vocabulary with the other languages of the Mongolian
languages, especially, with Mongolian itself.
Most of the vowels in Dagur have similar corresponding vowels in either classical or
modem Mongolian. For example:
Vowel
[a]
[o]
Dagur
alt
ore:
Classical Mongolian Translation
alta
'gold'
oroi
'evening'
l ~ e a ~ and
u e Bannar are administrative counties in Inner Mongolia.
2~ngkebatu(l988), p. 1 1.
3~ngkebatu(1988). p. 23. Dividing up the dialects of Dagur is different in the literature. For example,
Poppe (1965, p. 9) lists three: Hailar, Butkha, Tsitsikar. Zhong (1982, p. 1) lists two: Butkha and
Tsitsikar. Sun (1988, p. 560) lists three: Butkha (including Hailar), Tsitsikar, and Xinjiang.
4~ngkebatu(1988), p. 23.
5 ~ u Zu
n (1988. p. 559) also mentions that since Dagur has many similarities not only with the Mongolian
languages but also with the Manchu-Tungusic languages, Dagur is classified as either a dialect of
Mongolian or one of the Manchu-Tungusic languages.
[a]
[il
ar
irnx
er-e
irnay-a
'man'
'goat'
[ail
ail
[oil
[au]
noir
gaulj
ayil
noyir
y auli
'village'
'sleep'
'copper'
Modem Mongolian
xdal
'life'
Vowel
Dagur
[ad
[a11
[i:]
xdal
xax
bi:
[u:l
dux-
xa=r
bi:
dux-
'field'
'I'
'to be full'
Morphologically, Dagur and Mongolian also share many similarities. For instance,
plural, case, tense, verbal, and converbal suffixes found in Dagur are all similar to those
corresponding suffixes in Mongolian with respect to their forms and meanings. As shown
in the following lists, plural and case suffixes in Dagur and Mongolian are mostly identical:
Dagur
-sul
Plural
Classical Mongolian
-Eul-Eiil
Modem Mongolian
-t(ud/-tJiid
-nur
-tJe:n
-r
Case
GEN.
-id-ui/-~i
-d
ACC. -id-igu
INS.
ax/-or/-ax
ex/-jax/-J ax
DAT.
ABL.
-as/-m(s)
COM.
-ti:(te:)
According to comparative studies on the Dagur and Mongolian languages, more
than 45% of the Dagur vocabulary either has a similar origin or is exactly the same as
Mongolian words.6 For example (Engkebatu 1988, p. 487-88):
6~ngkebatu(1988: 486) collected 7463 words and among them 2502 words have the same origin as
Mongolian words. Also see Sun Zu 1988, p. 560.
Dagur
gar]
ku 1j
aurkj
Classical Mongolian Modem Mongolian
y ar-a
Yar
kiil
kiil
ayusgi
Translation
'hand'
'food'
'lungs'
am
aY
ama
'mouth'
'elder brother'
ay
nak
xaur
udur
Xar
xulxn
aul
aqa
eke
nige
qabur
edur
ex
nig
xau ar
udar
'mother'
'one'
'spring'
'day'
'black'
'red'
qara
ulagan
ayula
emegel
'mountain'
'saddle'
Abbreviations
abl.
aux.
cont.
dat .
imf.
gen.
pef.
Ablative Case
Auxiliary verb
Contemporal
Dative-locative Case
Imperative Form
Genitive Case
Perfective
Past Tense Form
Reciprocal
acc.
cau.
com.
dtpimpf.
npt.
per.
ptl.
ref.
Accusative Case
Causative
Comitative Case
Deductive Particle
Imperfective Converb
Non-past Tense Form
Personal Suffix
Particle
Reflexive-possessive
con.
comp.
ins.
itp.
neg.
PI.
pas.
ter .
Affirmative Particle
Conditional
Completive
Instrumental Case
Interrogative Particle
Negative
Plural Suffix
Passive
Terminal
11. Grammar
1. Vowels
Dagur has seven simple vowels and seven corresponding long vowels and seven
diphthongs.
Diphthong
[ail
ail
'village'
to:s
'dust '
ama:I 'saddle'
[oil
[ail
noir
xais
'sleep'
'wind'
[e:]
[i:]
% e g 'second'
xig 'do'
[ui]
[au]
buil
aul
'alveolar'
'mountain'
[u:]
xu9
[au]
aud
'door'
simple vowel
[a]
'take'
Long vowel
[afJ
[o]
[a]
tos
amal
'oil'
'front'
[o:]
[a:]
[el
[i]
[u]
3etJ
xitJ
xu1
'heap'
'shy'
'remnant'
'yogurt'
'blow'
The Description of Simple Vowels
[a]
[0]
[a]
[el
[i]
[u]
Mid-high front unrounded vowel.
High front unrounded vowel.
High back rounded vowel.
[p]
pal
'shoot'
[dl
[k]
darkar
'press'
'reindeer skin'
'sixty'
'enter'
Low back unrounded vowel.
Low-mid back rounded vowel.
Mid central vowel.
2. Consonants
2.1 Consonant Contrasts in Dagur
[Tb]
bal'berry'
bar'finish'
[t]
tar
'flash'
[g]
gar
'house'
[q]
[s]
gargar
sar
'get out'
'must'
'month'
[a]
u]
dp.r
Jar
[XI
xar
'black'
[w]
war-
ul
jar
nar
aur
L~~ar'
'sun'
'air'
[m]
[l]
[JJ]
mar-
[n]
[r]
2.2 The description of Consonants
[b]
Bilabial unaspirated plosive
'yellow'
'pick up'
lar
'fail'
niggan 'thin'
[p]
[t]
[4]
Alveolar unaspirated plosive
Velar unaspirated plosive
F]
Palato-alveolar unaspirated affricative [tJ]
Bilabial aspirated plosive
Alveolar aspirated plosive
Velar aspirated plosive
Palato-alveolar aspirated affricative
[fl
Labiodental voiceless fricative
[s]
Alveolar voiceless fricative
[dl
[g]
u]
Palato-alveolar voiceless fricative
[x]
Velar voiceless fricative
[w]
[m]
[g]
Bilabial voiced fricative
Bilabial Nasal
Velar nasal
b]
Palatal voiced fricative approximant
Alveolar Nasal
Alveolar lateral approximant
[r]
Alveolar Trill
[n]
[I]
2.3 Palatalized Consonants
The consonants b, m, d, t, n, 1, r, g, k, x all have the corresponding palatalized
consonants and these palatalized contrast and nonpalatalized consonants contrast with each
other in Dagur. For example (Engkebatu 1988, p. 131):
am]
mjagga
bodj
djald
tjak
talj
'life'
nonpalatalized
tab
'pass through'
am
'mouth'
'thousand'
'prairie'
'late'
'tired'
'herd'
maw
boddald
tak
tal
'capable'
'think'
'thimble'
'horseshoe'
'grassland'
a1j
'which'
'house'
'hand'
'string bag'
'honey'
' separate'
a1
'lull'
gar
garkarl
kor
gad-
'torch'
'go out'
'reason'
'poison'
'clear sky'
'break'
xat
'tie, bind'
palatalized
tabj
garj
garj
kjad
kjor
g'ad
xjat
'fifty'
2.4 Labialized Consonants
Some consonants also have the corresponding labialized consonants and the
labialized and nonlabialized consonants contrast with each other in Dagur. For example
(Engkebatu 1988, pp. 136-37).
Labialized
Non-labialized
mwa=r
'shaft of a cart'
mar
'eat'
dwar
'desire'
dar'press'
twa=l
'account'
tad
'love'
swar
'flea'
sar
'moon'
kwa:
'yard'
ka=
'side of window'
xwal
+"ax
qWak
3.
'bed'
'mix'
'green grass'
xal
c!3rcc
?f&
'surname'
'musk'
'the back of knee'
Plural s u f h
Suffix
-sul
-nur
-tJea
4. Case Suffix
Case
Nominative
Genitive
Dative -d
Accusative
Instrumental
Ablative
Example
akix-sul
dau-nur
dayjda:-t(ea
Translation
'elder brothers'
'younger brothers'
'people living at the
dwariy dx-tJem
upper reaches of a river'
'people living at the lower
kaku-r
u.t(i:a-r
reaches of a river'
'children'
'teenagers '
Suffix
-0
-kJq$-ji
Example
mo:d
mo:d-i:
-d-uj/-ji
mo:d-d
mo:d-i:ju
'of treett
'to tree'
'tree'
mo~d-ox
'with tree'
-i:ju/-uiju/-ju
-ax/-ox/-ax
-ex
-jax/-jar
-a=r(s)/-o=r(s)/a:r(s)
-ex(s)
-jax(s)/-jaz(s)
Translation
'tree'
'from tree'
Comitative
Terminative
-ti=/- te:
-gax/-gax
'with tree'
'as mountain'
Definite locative
-kaJal/-kakal
'at mountain'
-k&Y-k&=
Indefinite locative
Originative
-a=tan/-oSan/-afian
-a-ta~(s)/-o=tax(s)/
-a=ta:r(s)
-efia~(s)/-e~a=r(s)
-ja~ax(s)/-j
aaax(s)
'at mountain'
'from mountain'
5. Reflexive-Possessive Suffix
5.1 Possessive Suffix
Suffix
Example
Translation
-rninj
-mad/-namj
mori-rninj
mori- m a d
'my horse'
'our horse'
2nd person
Singular
-lid
mori
'your horse'
Plural
3rd person
-tad/-t anj
-inj/-jinj
mori-tad
'your horse'
-mori-id
'his (their) horse'
Suffix
-a=/-o=/-a:
Example
Jar-a:
Translation
'one's own face'
'one's own hand'
1st person
Singular
Plural
5.2 Reflexive Suffix
'one's own livestock'
6. Tense and Aspect Suffix
Suffix
Non-past
-bail-wai
past
Present progressive
-n
- san
*a:bai/-tJa:bai
Example
jau-wai
Translation
ygo'
jau-san
j au-4a:bai
'went'
jau-%asan
'was going'
'is going'
4d - qa:n
Past progressive
4a:san
7. Personal Suffix
Suffix
Example
Translation
-wail-w
-baibi/-bbi
-waibi/-wbi
-u7a:
-baiba=/-bba:
jau-w
'I go'
jau-wax
jau-b-da:
'We go' (Exclusive)
'We go' (Inclusive)
Non-past
1st person
Singular
Plural
2nd person
Singular
-baiJi/- bJi/-bJ
jau-bai-Ji
'You go'
-w ail/-wJi
Plural
3rd person
-baitad-btx
-baisul/-bsul
jau-bai-ta:
jau-bai-sul
'You go'
'They(he) go'
1st person
Singular
-sanbi/-sanmi
jau-san-bi
-sanbad-sanma:
-sand&-sanna:
j au-san-ba:
j au-san-da:
'I went'
'We went' (Exclusive)
'We went' (Inclusive)
-sanJi/-sanJ
-santa:
-sansul/-bsul
jau-san-J
jau-san-ta:
jau-san-sul
'You went'
'You went'
'They went'
Past
Plural
2nd person
Singular
Plural
3rd person
Present progressive
1st person
Singular +a:wai/%anv
4a:bbi
Plural
u%-4a:wai
-c&c-waibi/-+awbi
+anva:
u4+a:-war
4aIbbz
+awba:
-3arbda:
u94a:b-da:
2nd person
Singular
'I am seeing'
'We are seeing' (Exclusive)
'We are seeing7(Inclusive)
4a:bbaiJi@arbJi
u+-+arb-Ji
'You are seeing'
Plural
-%zbaitad-4aIbta:
-d3awtaI
u3-$a:b-ta:
'You are seeing'
3ed person
-4a:baisuV-4a:bsul
ue+a:b-sul
'They are seeing'
+a:sanbi/
-earsanmi
-3a:sanbad
-3itsanma:
u+-%arsan-bi 'I am seeing'
Past progressive
1st person
Singular
Plural
ue-$asan-ba: 'We are
seeing' (Exclusive)
2nd person
Singular
Plural
3rd person
-dgcsandad
-%a:sanna:
u%-dpsan-da: 'We are
seeing7(Inclusive)
-4azsanJi
u49xsan-Ji
u%+a:san-ta:
3a:santa:
+a:sansull
'You are seeing'
'You are seeing'
u3-@a:san-sul 'They are seeing'
8. Verbal Noun Suffix
Suffix
Exarrgle
Imperfective
-YU
waild-yu
Present progressive
Perfective
Past progressive
Agentive
4 a ~ u
waild-4a,ru
waild-san
waild-$ a:san
waild-a$f
Probable
9. Converb Suffix
Imperfective
Perfective
Completive
Model
Objective
Conditional
Concessive
Contemporal
Terminal
Prospective
Immediate
-sad-tad-lad-nan
-%asan
-a9J/-oztj/-a1t$
-eg
-y aIy/-yaIq
-mxjar
4
3i:
-a=r/o=r/-ax/-ex
-y ax/-yax
-n
-ya:ned-y ame:
-yua=r
-a:s/-o:s/-as/-e:s
-y as/-ya:s
-tyaiq(iy)/-je:J
-m,-mki:, -mi:,
-rnkli:, -mdar, -mdal
-tal
-tlaned-tlame:
-madcan/-markan
-mad-max
-x+ ax/-01% ax/
-a:dpr/-e:ctgax
waild-n
waild-y a:ne:
waild-ty aitJ
waild-m
waild-tal
Abtemporal
10. Imperative Suffix
Voluntative
Imperative
Concessive
Dubitative
Suffix
-ja:
-yam/-yam
Example
jau-ja:
jau-yxnrnid
Translation
'I go'
'I will go'
-tu
-tyai
-yui
jau-tu
jau-tyai
jau-yui
'You go!'
'Let them go'
'He may forgot'
Suffix
-0
-1yad-lya:
Example
uct5
u4-lya:
Translation
'see'
'cause to see'
-rd
u 3 -rd
-It(
uct5-lY
'be seen'
'see each other'
11. Voice Form
Active
Causative
-yd-ya:
-ad-ad-od-e:
Passive
Reciprocal
111. Sentences
The sentences listed below are all from Engkebatu (1985: 3-46). Originally, They
are Dagur sentences with Mongolian interlinear transcription and Chinese translation. Here
the examples begin in a romanization of Dagur, then they are in both interlinear transcription
and translation into English. When translating an individual word, I also consulted Sun
(1990).
1. ana jo: ?
this what
What is this
2. ana mini bitay ?
this my book
This is my book.
3. tar nak dabtlen bitay, (iniry ja: ?
that one book
book yours rrp
Is that your book ?
4. bi(in, miniry biJin, Jiniry
NEG
mine ~ u yours
;
No, it is not mine, it's yours.
5. ana nak dabtlea bitay ja: ?
this one book book ITP
Is this a book ?
6. bi(in biJin, tar bitay xi:-yu dabtlen. tar mini bitay xi:-yu dabt1e:n-mini
NEG NEG that book do-IMPF
book
that my book do-IMPFbook-PER
No. that is not a book. That is my notebook.
7 i
anin-Ji ?
you who-PER
Who are you ?
8. bi: $e&, bi: Tujar-bi
I student I Tuyaa-PER
I am a student and my name is Tuyaa.
9. tar ujin
xu:
bas Jebj
ja: ?
that female person also student rn
Is that woman also a student ?
10. bijin, tar bi$in, tar sab.
NEG she ~ T G
she teacher
No, she is not. She is a teacher.
11. tar xu:
sab bi(in, ctguyj-bai ja: ?
that person teacher not right-NPT ITP
He is not a teacher, right ?
12. auyj-bai, tar sab biJin tar amyun bas sab biJin
right-m he teacher NEG that woman also teacher NEG
You are right, he is not a teacher and neither is she.
13. tar olur jamar xu: ?
that people what person
What do they do?
14. bi: ul mada-n, tar sab
jum wo: ? (abj
jum wo: ?
I NEG know-m they teacher AFP m student Am ITP
I don't know whether they are teachers or a students.
ja: ?
15. ana gub (inj 4ak-(inj
this all your belongings-PER1TP
Are these your belongings?
16. ana %ak-sul-d miniv bas bai, aka:-jiry-mini
bas bai
also AUX
- ~ ~ ~also AUx elder brother-GEN-PER
this t h i n g - p ~mine
Some of these things are mine and some of them are my elder brother's.
17. ana gotJox miniry
biJin, aka:-jiv-minj
biJin, xan-jiry-i:
ul mada-n
- ~ ~NEG
~
who-GEN-ACC
NEG know-NPT
this boot mine too NEG b r o t h e r - G E ~ too
This pair of boots is not mine and it is not my elder brother's either. I don't know whose it is.
18. (i: ~ l a k a n usuyw Jada-b-(i
ja: ?
you Chinese language be able-NPT-PERITP
Can you speak Chinese ?
19. Jad-bai, ut(a:k (ad-bai
be able little be able-M
Yes, I speak little bit
20. (id xu:-Jinj ~ l a k a n usuyw (ad-bai
ja: ?
your wife-PERChinese language be a b l e - m ITP
Can your wife speak Chinese ?
21. ul (ada-n,
in waxa-1 usuyw lad-bai
NEG be able-NP~
she o w n - ~ nlanguage
.
be able-NP~
No, she cannot, she can only speak our language.
22. (inj agar-(inj xa:na bai ?
your father-PERwhere AUX
Where is your father ?
23. minj atJa:-mini garj-da: bai, minj awa:-mid bas gar-da: bai
my father-PERhome-REFAUX my mother-PERalso home-REFbe
My father is at home and my mother is also at home.
xana tali-lan-Je: ?
24. Ji: 3ak-a:
you thing-REFwhere put-PST-PER
Where did you put your things ?
25. id-y u $ak xo: gu:su-d
bai, baitla-yu 4 a k (ira: dax bai
eat-IMPFthing all cupboard-DATAUX use-IMPFthing table on be
The food is in the cupboard and the things for use are on the table.
26. and xoir bandan bai ja: ?
here two chair AUX ITP
Are there two chairs here ?
27. xoir biJin, gwarabbai
two NEG three AUX
No, they are not two, but three chairs.
28. Ji:
ja: ?
you tea-PER ITP
Do you have tea ?
29. na:d bai tand-a: ada: 9e:-ja: x a n a bai-ji-nw
mad-yu uwai-bi
me AUX there-REFnow tea-REF where AUX-ACC-REF know IMPF NEG-PER
Yes, I have, but I don't know where it is.
30. (i: xar satanti:-Ji ja: ?
you black sugar-PERITP
Do you have brown sugar ?
3 1. na:d xar satan uwai, tfiy a x satan bai
me black sugar NEG white sugar aux
No, I don't; I have white sugar.
32. ana udur jamar udur ?
this day what day
What is the date today ?
33. ana udur utkai mjqga isan 4 a u
najin xon-i: 4akunbe: Jinan,
JintJi: wu.7
this day exact thousand nine hundred eighty year-GENAugust new moon Friday
Today is Friday, August 1, 1980.
34. Ji: jarnar xon-d u3i-rd-san-Je: ?
YOU which year-DAT born-PAS-PST-PER
Which year were you born in ?
35. bi: mjqga isan 3 a u
gogin gWarabdaxxom nadanbe: (inan gwarban-d u3i-rd-tan-bi
I thousand nine hundred thlrty thlrd
year July
new moon-DAT born-PAS-PST-PER
I was born on July 3, 1933.
36. tar x 3 a : and-a:r jau-san ?
he when here-ABLleave-PST
When did he leave ?
37. bi: jerye:n udur-i-nj
mart-san, nidanj dgwa:be: a:-san bai9e:.
1 exact day-ACC-REF
forgot-PSTlast year February be-PST AUX-DTP
7 ~ h i n e s eXingqiwu.
,
I forget the exact date. Probably, he left last February.
38. xadan
arin bol-lan ? xoir arin
bol-lan, e u yj-bai
ja: ?
how many time b e - p s ~ two o'clock be-PSTright-NFT AUX ITP
What time is it ? It is two o'clock, isn't it ?
39. bi: ul mada-n, mid bjau8-mid xordun, Jiniry g W a i d a ~ .
1 NEG know-NPTmy watch-PERfast
yours slow
I don't know. My watch is fast, but yours is slow.
40. mini body-ox xoir arin-ax xadan fun9 du1a:-e-a-bai
my thought-INStwo time-ABLseveral minute pass-IMPF-AUX-NPT
I think it is several minutes passed two o'clock.
4 1. uwai, xoir arin
kur-y u
udem.
NEG two o'clock reach-~MPF
NEG
No, it is not two o'clock yet.
42. Jinj &au-(inj xarban fun kur-y u
xordun
minute reach-WF fast
your watch-PER ten
Your watch is ten minutes fast.
43. jay
gwarbanarin boly-ox bJau-ja: tolo:-yame:
exactly three
o'clock be-INS watch-REF compare-IMF
When it is exactly three o'clock, let us compare our watches.
arin-mid bol-lan, bi: xar tj xi:+i: arini-da: kur-wai
44. bi: jau-yu
I leave-IMPFtime-PER be-PST I whatsoever time-DATreach-rn
It is time I must leave. I have to be on time.
45.Ji: ul djallan-tan-Ji,arinbas 3rd a:%-a:-bai
you NEG ~ ~ ~ ~ - P S T -time
P E Ralso early be-nux-m
You will not be late; it is still early.
46. bi: nak arin b o d e o t 3 tam-d it(-ja:
I one time arrange-IMPFyou-DATgo-IMF
I want to make an appointment to see you.
47. Jint(iwu:10-jar biJin jarnar tJ udur itf-yu-d-Jinj
xo: bol-bai
Friday-ABL
except whichever day go-IMPF-DAT-PER
all be-NP~
Except for Friday, you can visit me any day.
48. Ji: joke: xiy bol-lan-Je: ?
you how big be-PST-PER
How old are you ?
49. bi: xorin ta1wuti:-bi
I twenty ~ ~ W - P E R
I arn25.
khinese. Biao.
9~hinese.Fen.
Ochinese. Xingqiwu.
50. finj aka:-(id
dugin nas kur-yu
udem, quyj-bai ja: ?
your elder brother-PERforty age reach-IMPFh W right-rn rrp
Your elder brother is not forty yet, is he ?
5 1. bi: (am-ax- xoir-ox ay-bi,
rninj dau-mini nam-ax xoir-ox- uJkan
1 you-AeL two-ABL elder-PERmy brother-PERme-ABL two-INS small
I am two years older than you and my younger brother is two years younger than you.
52. tar xoir nak nas, gub xonj eilti:.
he two one age all sheep year.
They two are the same age and both of them were born in the year of the sheep.
53. mini aka:-mini akan xiy -in. bi: ~lalkinibi
my sister-PERmost big-REF1 small-PER
My elder sister is the oldest one and I am the youngest one in the family.
54. minj ujin dau-minj tara:w-ax gwarb-ax dau, (id aka:-Jid taranv-ax
my female brother her-ABL three-ABLyoung your sister-PERher-ABL
ta:wun nas-ax xiy
five age-ABLbig
My younger sister is three years younger than she is and your elder sister is five years elder
than she is.
55. finj uq-yu-d
bi: joke:
nasti1-bi:.
YOU See-IMPF-DAT I how many age-PER
Guess how old I am.
56. bi: u4-yu-d
(i: tabjti:-~i
I guess-IMPF-DAT YOU fifty-P~R
I think you are fifty.
57. daye: (in$: si:ll-d buyul dutfin dolo: nas bol-wai
next Thursday-DATfull forty seven age be-wr
Next Thursday I will be exactly forty seven.
58. (i: nuyur au-san-Ji ja: ?
you wife take-ps~-PERITP
Are you married ?
59. (i: xail-lan-(i
ja: ?
YOU marry-PST-PER lTP
Are you married ?
60. bi: xail-ya:-yu
uden-mi. bi: gafka: baj-a:
a:4 - x-wai
I marry-CAU-IMPF NEG-PER I only body-REFbe-AUX-PST
No, I am not married, I am still a bachelor.
ude:-mi
6 1. bi: xail-y u
I marry-IMPF NEG-PER
~ h i n e s e .Xingqisi.
No, I am not married.
62. garj-da:
xadan
qgal-ta: ?
f a m i l y - ~how
~ ~ many people-PER
How many people are there in your family ?
63. ba: garj-da: dolo: aggal-ba:
we family-REFseven people-PER
There are seven people in my family.
64. minj ujin dau-mini naktaz- xail-a
xoir xom bol-lan
my female brother-PERalready marry-MPF two year be-PST
My younger sister has been married for two years.
65. tar xama (xand) xail-lan
she where (whom) marry-PST
Who did she marry ?
66. tar nak tula:$i:12 galj-a-a-y u
xu:- d
xail-lan
drive-IMPF-AUX-IMPF
PerSon-DAT InXIY-PST
she one tractor
She married a tractor driver.
67. tad utJkar-ti: ja:
they children rrp
Do they have any children ?
68. tad ordon sar-d
nak urtJkar-ti: bol-lan
they last month-DATone child
be-PST
They just had a baby last month.
69. minj kakw-mid niggunbe:-d xail-ya:-bai al-4-a-bai
my Son-PER J U ~ ~ - D Amarry-CAU-NPT
T
Say-IMPF-AUX-NPT
My son plans to get married in June.
70. tad x e a : xolbuy-o:
torto:-yu
uden
they when rmrry-IMPF-REF decide-MPFNEG
They have not decided when they will get married.
7 1. tada-nj omuli-inj
xo: xiy bol-lan
they-GENgrandchild-REFall big be-PST
Their grandchildren are all grown up.
72. Ji: xana u+i-rd-tan-Je: ?
you where born-PAS-PST-PER
Where were you born ?
73. bi: and-ax wairkan a:-%-a-yu
u p a n gja: g 4 i . r u3i-rd-tan-mi
1 here-ABLnear
be-IMPF-AUX-IMPF
small street place born-PAS-PST-PER
I was born in a small town not far from here.
74. Ji: xaaa xu:
bol-lan-Je: ?
you where human be-PST-PER
2~hinese.Tuolaji
Where did you grow up ?
75. bi: matar ana ail-d
xu:
bol-lan-mi
I also this village-DAThuman be-PST-PER
I grew up in this village.
76. minj aka=-minj
uJkan-da: gja:-d a:-san
my older brother-PERsmall-REFcity-DATbe-PST
My older brother spent his childhood in the city.
77. tar gja:-d xarban d o l o ~ i bol-tl-a:
:
a:-san
he city-DATten
seven b e - m - p ~~ ~~- P S T
He had lived in the city until he was seventeen years old.
78. (i: xa:na a:-4-a-b-(e: ?
you where live-IMPF-AUX-NFT-PER
Where do you live ?
79. bi: ail-i:
amal baj-d
a:-3-a-yu
nak gja~lan wa:s x a i 4 garj-d
1 village-GENsouth side-DATbe-IMPF-AUX-IMPF
one bedroom brick make house-DAT
a+ - a-w
be-IMPF-AUX-m
I live in a house in the south of the village.
80. du1a:-san xorin x o n ana g e i r xiy entJkwan bol-lan
past-PEF 20 years this place big change be-PST
There were a lot of changes in the past twenty years.
81. tar garisul-li:
xo: ana xarban xon-d bail-y x-san
year-DAT build-CAU-PST
that house-PL-ACC
all this ten
All those houses were built in the past ten years.
82. Jinj adikj-sul-Jini Jam-ti:
xo: 4 uy i-ltf-bai
ja: ?
ITP
your village-^^-^^^ you-COM all harmony-REC-NPT
Are your neighbors friendly to you ?
xo: sain mada-lt(-wa:
83. ba: nak nak-a:
we each other-CAUall well know-REC-NIT
We all have known each other well.
84. tar o1lo:n
garitJe:n x e a : nau-4
ir-san-sul
that neighbor families-PLwhen move-IMPFcorne-ps~-p~
When did your next door neighbor move in ?
85. tad-ni: nau-4
ir-yu
arin-d bi: uJkan a:-san-bi
they-G~
move-IMPF
~
Come-IMPF ~ ~ . I I ~ ~I- Dsmall
A T be-PST-PER
I was a small child when they moved here.
86. (i: gurJ(a1wailad an '3 x z n a a:+-a:-y u-inj
na:d
uku-b-Ji
ja: ?
You
hospital
where be-IMPF-AUX-IMPF-REF
me tell-IMPF~~v~-NFT-PER
ITP
Could you tell me where the hospital is ?
--
I 3 ~ h i n e s e .Gongshe Weishengyuan.
87. tar yolo: x u m y -ui ama1ka:n-inj bai
that stone bridge-GENsouth-GEN ~ u x
The hospital is south of that stone bridge.
d
joke: xol ?
88. x o ~ t J a : ~ a n l ~ -kuryu-d
train station-DATarrive-DAThow far
How far is the train station ?
89. and-ax antak xol bai
here-ABLquite far AVX
It's very far from here.
90. gwans luigwanj15 xasruyw a:-e-a-bai
restaurant hotel
opposite be-IMPF-AUX-NPT
The restaurant is just opposite the hotel.
9 1 i a 1 olyuj-inj biJin
you find NEG find-PER NES
You cannot miss it.
92. Ji: na:-d $a:-% ukw, wairkan maimaa xana bai ?
you me-DAT tell-IMPFgive near
shop
where Aux
Could you tell me where the nearest shop is ?
93. bi: aida: jaw-0:s-mini euyi-yu jumo: ? ti:da: jaw-0:s-mini 4uyi-yu jumo: ?
I to here go-CON-PERright-IMPFPT[, to there go-CON-PER right-IMPF m
Will I go this way or that way ?
94. bi: maimax-d
it(-wai, juyu: al-3:s bi: 4 a k au-wai
1 department store-DAT go-NPT what say-CON 1 thing buy-~*mr
I will go to the department store because I need to buy something.
95. Ji: tar wark-li:
ams-yu-d
3aki-n
you that clothing-ACCwear-LMPF-DAT fit-NPT
That clothing seems to fit you perfectly.
96. ana warkl-i:
t(ausl6-ax xi:-san, 4 u y uj-bai ja: ?
this clothing-ACCsilk-INS made-PST right-~prITP
The clothing is made of the silk, isn't it ?
97. aimar sabi ana udur dur4-a-bai
ja: ?
this kind shoes this day sell-IMPF-AUX-NPT
ITP
Do you have this kind of shoes today ?
ka:
98. tar kunu dambal saikan sauti:baull7 ka: tanda: aiduywkatu:
that AFP very nice purse
AFP there very
expensive AFP
That purse is beautiful but too expensive.
14chinese, Huochezhan.
5~hinese.Liiguan.
6~hinese.Chouzi.
17chinese.Shoutibao.
99. jo,yi:-da: joke: e i y a: ?
all-REF how money
How much does it cost all together ?
100. xarban is xart( naiman mau
durbun fan.
ten
nine dollar eight ten cent four cent
Nineteen eighty four.
101. tar kata:-ji namd balj-ly a: kana
that salt-ACCme give-CAUAFP
Could you pass the salt to me ?
102. ana saran b*ir bol-lan, nak gan%inl*-inj u k u 3 bol-bai ja: ?
this umbrella dirty be-PST one clean-ACC-REFgive o k a y - ~ mITP
This umbrella is dirty, could you give me a clean one ?
103. (i: ana gwarbanxatJin in3od-ox jamr-inj tJiy a u 3 bol-bai
you this three kind cigarette-INSwhat-REFAFP take o k a y - m
You can chose one from these three kinds of cigarettes.
104. bi: tar pi4a:-nj
jans $us-id
bo1unJe:-w
1 that S U ~ ~ C ~ S ~ - shape
G E N color-REF1ike-Ivp-r
I llke the shape and color of that suitcase.
105. ana bur-i:
Jirb1a:-y u-d
dawu: i!pulakan
this cloth-ACCtouch-IMPF-DAT
very soft
This cloth is soft.
106. ana-wax utJak budunqir birugkw
bai ja: ?
this-ABL small thick
walking stick AUX rrp
Is there a walking stick thicker than this one.
107. ana udur-i: taggar-i: arbun xar ?
this day-GENsky-GENsituation how
How is the weather today ?
108. ana udur taggar-i: arbun
sain
this day sky-GENsituation good
Today is a nice day.
taggar-i: arbun
xar ?
109. uduJ
yesterday sky-GEN situation how
How was yesterday's weather ?
xwarxapri:-san
110. udij uduri: tjab
yesterday all day rain fall-PST
Yesterday, it rained all day.
111. bunj
taggar xar xi:-bai *e:
tomorrow sky how do-NPT be
What will tomorrow's weather be ?
*chinese. Ganjing .
112. bun?
gas war-bai
tomorrow snow fall-NPT
It will snow tomorrow.
113. ana udur a d kuitun, udur amal
lup aulant-san
this day very cold day morning all cloudy-PST
It is a very cold day and it was cloudy all morning.
114. ada: xwar war-bai ja: ?
now rain fall-NIT ITP
Is it raining now ?
115. ana udur xwarina gad-yu e u l
uwai
this day afternoon clear-IMPFpossible NEG
It will be clearing this afternoon.
116. taggar xaluzn bol+-a-bai
sky warm be-IMPF-AUX-NPT
It is getting warm.
117. andur baj-Jinj xar ?
today body-PERhow
How are you feeling today ?
118. ana banjna baj-minj dzjkiqira:
this morning body-PERnot good
I was not feeling well this morning.
119. udiJ
aud-san-mi, andur nannaqir
yesterday sick-PST-PERtoday okay
I was sick yesterday, but I am okay today.
120. udiJ
JenJin-d baj -a:
u+i-ly a:-tf -san-mi
yesterday doctor-DATbody-REF see-CAU-go-PST-PER
I went to see the doctor yesterday.
121. ana am-i:
durbun euntul-d nak o:
al-lan
o'clock-DATone drink say-PST
this drug-ACCfour
He told me that I should take this medicine every four hours.
122. xa1u:n-mini bar-san baitla: xaJ xane:da-ly a:-3-a-bai ?
fever-PER down-PST although still cough-CAU-IMPF-AUX-NIT
The fever has gone, but I still cough.
123. JenJin namai Jar-$id mo: dagga ov-azs
baj-d-Jinj
mo: al-lan
doctor me
f2Ice-p~~
bad cigarette smoke-CONbody-DAT-PER
bad say-PST
The doctor said I look pale. Smolung is bad for my health.
sain bol-y a:-ja: ala:-sa: utkai
dagga ov-o:
xa:- w ai
124. baj-a:
body-REFgood fm-CAU-IMF
say-CON immediately cigarette smoke-REFstop-NPT
If I want to be healthy, I must quit smoking.
125. dau-ji-mini
xaki-nj madan aud-3-a-bai
brother-GEN-PER
head-REFvery pain-IMPF-AUX-NPT
My younger brother is having a terrible headache.
126. tad udiJ
oreko: jamd Jau~u:lg xi:-%
ukw-san
they yesterday evening him , operation make-MPFgive-PST
He had an operation yesterday evening.
127. alj
garj-(inj aud-4-a-bai
which hand-PERpain-IMPF-AUX-NPT
:ch of your arms has a pain ?
1mur-minj aud-@ -a-bai,
utkai ana xa:-d
aud+ -a-bai
NIII-PER P~I~~-IMPF-AUX-NPT
now this place-~AT~ ~ ~ ~ - I M P F - A U X - N P T
7
A
.
L
L
The right arm.Now, there is a pain here.
129. Ji: xar xi:-3-a-b-Je: ?
xak-Jinj tJikax-bai ja: ?
you how do-IMPF-AUX-m-PER
head-PERdizzy-NPTm
How are you feeling ? Do you feel dizzy ?
130. xakj tfikaxan bitt1a:n %uruywpahjal+-bai
head dizzy although hard bit-IMPF-NPT
I feel dizzy and my heart is beating a bit fast.
131. ana aur-i:
Ji: u@-yu-d-Jig
das* (ad-bai
ja: ?
this illness-ACCyou see-IMPF-DAT-PER cure be able-rwr m
Do you think that this illness can be treated.
132. xordukun sain bol-yaxe: !
quickly good be-IMF
I hope you will get better soon.
133. ada: sain bol-lan-Ji ja: ?
now good be-PST-PER
ITP
Are you feeling okay now ?
134. a n , sain bol-lan-mi. ordon (int(i1~0-daud-san a:-yu-a:
twalla ada: baj-rninj
yes good be-PST-PERlast
week-DATsick-PSTbe-IMPF-REF
because now body-PER
aiduywsain
very good
Yes, I am fine now. Although I was sick last week, I feel fine now.
135. nak nak xu:
morj onu-yu dwarti:, bi: a:-s-sa: aul-i:
t a s r t y u dwarti:-bi:
one one person horse ride-IMPF
like
I be-IMPFmountain-ACCclimb
iike-p~~
Some people like to ride horses, but I like to climb mountains.
136. Ji: an-a:r biJin ant(kwa:n dwarti: 4a.k-(id bai ja: ?
you this-ABLother special
hobby thing-PER AUX ITP
Do you have any special hobby other than this ?
9~hinese.Shoushu.
20~hinese.Xingqi.
137. bi: sun-ex e a u s gauwu1a:-yu dwarti:-bi: baitf i-+ jau-y u-d
dwarti:-bi
1 night-ms fish hook-IMPF like-PER hunt-IMPFgo-IMPF-DAT like-PER
I like to fish and hunt at night.
138. bi: karnyi: katJin dwarti: bait-i:
sons-san-mi, timar +aka-d dwarti:-ji:
1 various strange hobby thing-ACChea.r-Ps~-p~Rthat land thing-DATlike-ACC
xare: sons-san uwai
but hear-PST NEG
I have heard of many strange hobbies, but never heard of that kind of hobby.
139. Ji: nam-ti: nak pan i
t - i - i
ja: ?
you me-COMone game chess phy-NPT-PERITP
Would you like to play a game of chess with me ?
140. bi: tJi: t a l j 4
dawu: ul Jada-n-mi,
xojod bari-ltJ-ja:
I chess play-IMPF
excellent NEG be ~ ~ ~ ~ - N P we
T-P
two
E Rw r e s t l e - ~ ~ c - m
I am not good at playing chess; let's wrestle.
141. akar-mini tJox
tat-yu-i
sor3
xarban xon bol-3-a-bai
brother-PERmusic instrument play-IMPF-ACC
learn-IMPFten
year be-IMPF-AUX-NPT
My older brother has been learning to play the musical instrument for ten years.
142. Ji: xandi: madan saikan xud-bi-Ji
ka:, udur udur xu:l3-a-b-Ji
ja: ?
you flute very good play-NPT-PER
AFP day day play-IMPF-AUX-NFT-PER
ITP
You play the bamboo flute better and better. Do you practice every day ?
143. Jinj xar torto:-sn-i:-lid
nak artkan mad-ja: kana a 1 3
sana-3-a-w
you how ~ ~ C ~ ~ ~ - P E R - one
A C earlier
C - P E know-IMF
R
E
m say-IMPF think-IMPF-AUX-NPT
I am anxious to know what your decision is.
144. Ji: tar sana:-j a:
kadarya:-Jinj bol-bai
you that thought-OMFchange-PER be-NPT
I hope that you change your mind.
145. bi: xar
xi:je:J xuda:-d
itJ-bai 31-4 torto:-san-mi
1 how AW do
countryside-DATgo-NPT say-IMPF ~ ~ C ~ ~ ~ - P S T - P E R
I have already decided to go the grasslands.
146. udiJ
banina xadan arin-d bos-san-Ji ?
yesterday morning what time-DATget up-NPT-PER
What time did you get up yesterday morning ?
twalla l'u:djanckpn22 bold+ sain bos-san-mi
147. bi: uctga:n-wai ard sari-sn-a:
1 Very-NPT early wake-PST-REF
but six o'clock be-PEF just get up-PST-PER
I woke up earlier, but I didn't get up until six o'clock.
148. Ji: ma:Je:n23
warkl-a:
amas-san-Ji ja: ?
you immediately clothing-REFwear-PST-PER ITP
21~hinese.
Qi.
22~hinese.Liudianzhong.
23~hinese.
Mashang.
Did you get dressed immediately ?
149. ulda:, warkl-a: a m s a 4 bara-mli: banh-i:
bad=-ja: id-tan-mi
C
~
O
~
~
Wear-IMPF
R
E
F
finish-COW
morning-GEN
meal-REF eat-PST-PER
yes
Yes. I had my breakfast right after I got dressed.
150. udiJ
banha joke:-d g u ~ ~ s o d ~ aurka:-san-Je:
~-dz~
?
yesterday morning when-DATwork-IMPF start-PST-PER
When did you start your work yesterday morning ?
151. bi: ba:djan%un25-d gar-ex--a:
gar-ei: bxdjan ban-ax auks:-4 gu3so:l-lan-mi
1 eight o'clock-DAT~ O ~ ~ - A B Lgo
- Rout-PEF
E F eight thirty-ABLstart-IMPF work-PST-PER
I left my home at eight o'clock and started to work at eight thirty.
152. Ji: udur-i: tjab bait iJke:-san-Ji ja: ?
you day-GENall work do-PST-PERITP
Did you work all day ?
153. ulda:, bi: banjna ard-a:s sunj
boltal bait iJke:-san-mi
yes 1 morning early-ABLevening until work do-PST-PER
Yes, I worked from dawn until midnight.
154. wu:djanban26-d bait-a: iJke:+ bar-4i: aran
garj-da: x d s a n - m i
five thirty-DAT job-REFdo-IMPFfinish-PEFimmediately home-REFretum-pS~-~ER
I finished my work at five-thirty and I came back home.
155. bi: ore: Jiji~djanban-d kart-san-mi karta-rnli: wanta: talilan-mi, suni: tjab
1 night eleven thirty-DATlie-PST-PERl i e - c o ~ ~
sleep PU~-PST-PER
night all
Jab want-san-mi
fully sleep-PST-PER
I went to bed at eleven-thirty, immediately fell sleep, and didn't wake all night.
156. Ji: udiJ ore:
xa:na a:-san-Je: ?
you last afternoon where be-PST-PER
Where were you yesterday afternoon ?
157. udur xwaina lup garj-da: a:-san-mi, bi: gut(-sul-ti:-ja:
usuy ul-4-san-mi
day after all home-DATbe-PST-PER1 friend-PL-COM-REF
talk-IMPF-PST-PER
I was at home all afternoon and I chatted with my friends.
158. udiJ udur xwaina si:djan27-ax
J i j o xi:4-a:-san-Je: ?
last day after four o'clock-INSyou what do-IMPF-AUX-PST-PER
What were you doing around four o'clock yesterday afternoon ?
159. bi: gwanba:2* sons-e-a:-san-mi
I radio
listen-IMPF-AUX-PST-PER
I was listening to the radio.
24~hinese.Gongsuo.
%hinese. Badianzhong.
26~hinese.Wudianban.
27~hinese.Sidian.
28~hinese.Guangbo.
160. bi: Jamai arig-y u
arin-d-mini (i: jo: xi:+-a:-san-Je:
?
I YOU look for-IMPFwhen-DAT-PER
YOU what do-IMPF-AUX-PST-PER
What were you doing when I was looking for you ?
161. (i: it(-y u arin-d-tfinj buda: i e - z - s a n - m i
YOU go-IMPF W ~ ~ ~ - D A Tmeal
- P E Reat-AUX-PST-PER
I was eating my dinner when you were looking for me.
162. bi: ma9xa:-ji: arig-y u-d-mini
in %a9 $u:%i:-ti: usy ul4-$-a--san
1 Mongge-ACClook for-IMPF-DAT-PER
he Zhang Mr-COM talk-IMPF-AUX-PST
Mongge was talking to Mr. Zhang when I was looking for him.
163. Ji: ana udur amal
mini jo: xi:-3-z-sn-i:-mini
mada-4 Jad-bai-Ji
ja: ?
you this day morning my what do-IMPF-AUX-PST-ACC-PER
know-IMPFbe ~ ~ ~ ~ - N P TITP
-PER
Can you guess what I was doing this morning ?
164. bi: udi(
udur xwaina in jo: xi:-4-a:-sn-i:-nj
mart-san-mi
I yesterday day after he what do-IMPF-AUX-PST-ACC-REF
forget-~s~-p~~
I cannot remember what I was doing yesterday afternoon.
165. in x a n a a:-a-a:-w
al-san-i:-nj
mart-san-mi
say-PST-ACC-REF forget-PST-PER
he where be-IMPF-AUX-NPT
I forgot that he said where he is living.
166. Ji: ordom mudaa Ju:(u:29-ja: 3eJyan-i:-nj 01-ox
joke:
gwaid-3-a:-b-Je:?
you last time uncle-REF letter-ACC-~~F
receive-COMPhow long to ~ ~ S ~ - I M P F - A U X - N P T - ~
How long has it been since you received a letter from your uncle ?
167. in daa mudam (am-d x*a:
@e(yan ukw-san a:-san ?
he last time you-DATwhen letter
give-PST be-PST
When was the last time he wrote to you ?
168. joke:
gwaid-3-a-yu-inj
mart-san-mi
how long to last-IMPF-AUX-IMPF-ACC-REFforget-PST-PER
I forgot how long it has been.
169. udiJ oredco: bi: (u:Ju:-da: 3eJyan xi:-san-mi, daye: tulki-ly a:-%
ul bolu-n
NEG b e - ~ ~ r
last night 1 uncle-REF letter do-PST-PERagain delay-CAU-IMPF
Last night I wrote to my uncle. I cannot delay any more.
jau-lyx-san-mi
170. bi: 4eJyan-da: xadan 4auJan30 ta:*i:
I letter-^^^
several picture
include-PEFsend-CAU-PST-PER
I sent several pictures with my letter.
171. bi: borlao:n-da:
kur-san uwai-bi, aud4-a:-san-mi
I appointment-REFreach-PSTNEG-PER
sick-IMPF-AUX-PST-PER
I didn't go to my appointment, I was sick.
172. ba: xoir xu:
sol% ore:
buda: ida-1ya:-bai all-a:-san-ma:
we two person invite evening meal eat-CAU-wr say-AUX-PST-PER
29~hinese.Shushu.
30~hinese.Zhaoshiang.
We invited two people for dinner. but they didn't come.
banjna (i: joke:-d bos-bai-Je: ?
173. bud
tomorrow morning you when-DATget up-NPT-PER
When will you get up tomorrow morning ?
174. bi: sarj-yu-mini 3rd h:djan sanJ fan31-d
bos-wai
1 w~~~-IMPF-PER
early six
thirty minute-DATget up-Na
I will probably wake up early and I get up at six thirty.
175. t i : ( i 0 : xi:-b-Je: ?
then you what do-NIT-PER
What will you do then ?
176. bi: warkl-a: amsa-3 bar-=
utkaj
banjn-i:
bada:-j a: id-wai
I cloth-REFwear-IMPFfinish-COMP
immediately m o m i n g - meal-REF
~~~
eat-rvr
After I get dressed, I will have my breakfast immediately.
177. bunj
banha (i: j o ~ - y a mida-b-Je: ?
tomorrow morning you what-PL eat-NPT-PER
What kind of breakfast will you have tomorrow morning ?
178. bi: bunj
banha annuyw,jaubin32 id-bi-&-be:
1 tomorrow morning egg
pan cake eat-NPT-PER
I will probably have eggs and pancakes.
179. ban'n-ai
bada:-ja: i d a 4 bar-ax
bi: utkai (anbad-iqi-w al-3-a:-wai
m o m i n g - meal-REF
~~~
eat
finish-COMP
1 soon work-go-NP~ say-IMPF-AUX-NPT
After breakfast, I am ready to go to work.
180. bi: udur xwainawu~djanban-d Ja:bx+i: liu:djan
ordon gar-e:
kur-wai
I day after five ~ ~ ~ Y - DoffA T
six o'clock before home-REFreach-hi
I will be off at five thirty and arrive home before six o'clock.
181. bi: noir-o: kur-a:s-inj
ord-a: bol-yu $ul
uwai
1 sleep-^^^ sleepy-CON-REF
bed-REFbe-IMPFpossible NEG
When I am sleepy, I will probably get ready to go to bed.
182. want* ul lad-tyai tJiy bi: kart-4e: a:-wai
sleep NEG enable-IMFAFP 1 lie-IMPF b e - r n
Although I cannot sleep, I would like to lie down.
183. bud
(i: jo:
xi:-wai 314-a-b-Je: ?
tomorrow YOU what do-NFT Say-IMPF-AUX-NFT-PER
What are you planing to do tomorrow ?
184. bunj
mo: bol-0:s-o: bi: jo:
ul xi:-n
1 what AFP NEG do-NFT
tomorrow bad be-Co~-REF
I am afraid I will do nothing.
lchinese. Liudian Sanshi Fen.
32~hinese.Yuebing.
185. dau-Jid
bunj
jo: xi:-bai al-9-a:-bai
brother-PERtomorrow what do-NPTsay-IMPF-AUX-m
What does your younger brother plan to do tomorrow ?
186. in jo: xi:-yu-a:
bas torto:-%
Jad-yu
uden
he what do-IMPF-REF
still decide-IMPFenable-IMPF
NEG
He still has not decided what he is going to do.
187.jeryen baitinj
xo: ul mad-a:s-a:
torto:-yu-d
katu:
true
condition
m
G know-CON-REF
d e c i d e - m l ~ ~ -hard
~A~
It is hard to make a decision without knowing all of the facts.
188. bi: ana xom dayjda:-ja: itf+i: xadan udur z-ja: al-$-a:-wai
I this year upward-REFgo-PEF several day sit-IMFS ~ ~ - I M P F - A U X - N P ~
I hope to go to the forest area for several days this year.
189. xarwul Ji: it(-yu kanay an-ti: ary a:tale:-Jinj bi: Jam-ti: nakan-d
it(-ja
if
you go-IMPF chance-COMhave put-PER 1 you-COMtogether-DATgo-IMF
al-3-a:-wai
say -AUX-NFT
If you have a chance to go, I would like to go with you.
190.Ji: bodo*
u4-3i: xar tort-sn-a: nam-d d p - yame:
YOU think-IMPF
See-PEF how decide-PERme-DAT tell-IMF
Please let me know your final decision.
j m a r warkal jum ?
191. Jinj ams-a-au-lid
YOU W ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - I M P F -what
A U X~10th
-PER
ITF'
What kind of clothing are you wearing ?
192. mini ams-4-au-mini
kuwunti: daga:n
my W ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - I M P F -cotton
A U X - Povercoat
ER
I am wearing the cotton overcoat.
193. mini warkal-sul-rninj xo: laibar bol-lan, amsa-4 ul bolu-n
my cloth-PL-PER all duly be-PST wear-IMPF NEG okay-NPT
All my clothes are duty, and I cannot wear them.
194. ada: ana warkal-mini baj -d-mini
dpyj-yu-a: xal-san
now this clothing-PERbody-DAT-PERfit-IMPF-REF
be-PST
These clothes don't fit me now.
195. ana xakur-i: bi: amsa-3 ul Jada-n
this pants-ACC I wear-IMPF NEG enable-~pr
I probably cannot wear these pants any more.
lixod33-lan uwai-bi
196. (inj Jigkan mayal ams-$-a:-y u-i-Jinj
your new hat Wear-IMPF-AUX-1MPF-ACC-PERrealize-PST NEG-PER
I didn't realized you were wearing your new hat.
33~hinese.
Lihui.
197. Ji: jo: xi:-4-x-b-Je: ?
you what do-IMPF-AUX-NPT-PER
What are you doing ?
198. bi: bitay u9-%-a:-bai,
i o
xi:-4-a:-b-Je: ?
I book read-IMPF-AUX-NPT
you what do-IMPF-AUX-NPT-PER
I am reading a book. What are you doing ?
199. bi: na:da: jo:
xi:-yu uwai, adade:n gutf-da: 4eJyan xi:-w
1 now what AFP do-IMPFNEG later
friend-REFletter
write-NIT
Now I am doing nothing, but I will write a letter to my friend later.
200. (i: xa:n-Ti-b-Je: ?
you where-go-NPT-PER
Where are you going ?
201. bi: gd-da: xarj-wai, (i: xan-tJi-b-Je: ?
I home-REFreturn-NPTyou where-go-m-PER
I am going home. Where are you going ?
202. bi: ada: padu:34-ja: garj-t-ini
iyi-w
I now friend-REF ~ O ~ ~ - D A Tgo-NPT
-REF
I am going to my friend's house.
203. Jinj ujin dau-~injada: xa:na a:*-a:-bai
you sister brother now where be-IMPF-AUX-NPT
Where is your younger sister now ?
204. tar baj-d
nak guy-ti:-ja:
usy ~1%-3-a:-bai
she side-DATone friend-COM-REF
talk-IMPF-AUX-NPT
She is talking with her friend over there.
205. ada: bi: ul jau-yu-d
ul bolu-n, tand xu:
namai ku-ltfa:3-a:-bai
now I NEG leave-IMPF-DAT
NEG okay-NPTthere person me
W~~~-REC-WF-AUX-N~~
I have to leave now; somebody is waiting for me over there.
206. udur-da: (i: j arnar arin-d b o s 3 -a:-b-Je: ?
day-REFYOU what time-^^^ get Up-IMPF-AUX-NPT-PER
What time do you get up every day ?
207. bi: udur-da: liu:djan35-d
b o s 3-a:-wai
1 day-REFsix o'clock-DATget up-IMPF-AUX-NPT
I get up at six o'clock every day.
208. bi: bos-san
xwain-a: kaltun dau-ja:
sal$a:-wai
1 get up-PST after-REFoften brother-REFwake-NPT
After getting up, I usually wake up my younger brother.
209. mid dau-rninj narn-a~sdjalla bos-bai
my brother-PERme-ABL later get up-wr
34~hinese.Pengyu.
35~hinese.Liudian.
My younger brother usually gets up later than I.
210. tar warkl-a:
wax-e:
amsa-+ ul Jada-n,
nasinj utJi&an
he clothing-REFoneself-REFwear-IMPF NEG enable-m age small
He cannot get dressed by himself because he is still small.
2 11. bi: njadam gar-i-nj
wa:+
ukw-3i: warkl-i-nj
amalka:+ ukw-bai
1 face hand-Acc-REFwash-IMPFgive-PEFC ~ O ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ -wear
A C C - R give-NPT
EF
I wash his face and hands, then I put on his clothes for him.
2 12. tar war-e:
tortJe: tortJ1-a:-wai
31-4
4uyu:-yu-a: twala:n tortJ1a:-4
ul
he hmself-REFbutton button-AUX-ruprsay-IMPF ~IY-IMPF-REF because button-IMPFNEG
(a*-z-bai
enable-AUX-NIT
He tries to button his clothing, but cannot.
213. bi: warkl-a: ams* bar-ax
utyai
banjn-i:
bada:-ja: id-wai
I cloth-^^^ wear finish-COMP
immediately morning-GENmeal-REFeat-NPT
I have my breakfast immediately after I get dressed.
2 14. daryai-da: bi: banh-inj
id-y u-mid bura:-n
U S U ~ ~ ~ Y - R IE F morning-REFear-IMPF-PER a lot
I usually eat a lot of breakfast.
2 15. udur-da: bi: udur a d - i :
ba:djan36- d
gar-e:s-a:
gar-bai
day-REF 1 day morning-ACCeight o'clock-DAThome-ABL-REF
go out-NPT
I leave my home at eight every morning.
2 16. udur-da: banjn-i:
twalm 4ju:djan-ax
aurka:-4 bait iJke:-wai
day-REF m o m i n g - ~because
~ ~ nine o'clock-ABLbegin-IMPFwork handle-rn
I begin my work at nine o'clock every morning.
2 17. ore:
u:djan siJ37 usan-d
bait-a:
i$ke:-y u-a:
xa:-bai
stop-NPT
evening five forty five minute-^^^ work-REFhandle-~hl~~-RE~
I finish my work at five-forty five in the afternoon.
2 18. bi: Ja:bald$:38
gaar-da: kur-%i: aiduywtjag gal-wai
1 off work-PEFhome-REF~ I T ~ v ~ - Pvery
ER
tired-~a
After coming home from work, I feel very tired.
219. tJi:djan+un-ar
bi: ore:
bud=-ja: id-wai
seven o'clock-ABLI evening meal-REFeat-rn
I have my dinner around seven o'clock.
220. bi: ~i:ji:djanban39-ax or-da: bol-wai, kartyua9ar-a: wanta: talj-wai
1 eleven thirty-ABL bed-REFgo-NPT lie-^^^
sleep AUX-rn
I go to bed around eleven thuty and fall sleep right after I lie down.
36~hinese.Badian.
37~hinese.Wudian Sishi.
38~hinese.
Xiabarz.
39~~inese.
Shiyidianban.
22 1. xwarul war-y u-did a-sa: gauwula:-tJ-bai als-a:-san-mi
rain NEG fall-IMPF-REF
b e - c o ~to fish-go-NPT say-AUX-PST-PER
If it hadn't rained, I was planning to go fishing.
222. ardkan bos-yu-d
a:-sa: (i: banjn-i:
buda i d a 4 eabd-yu a:-san-Je:
earlier get up-IMPF-DAT be-CONyou m o r n i n g c ~meal
~ eat-IMPF catch-IMPFbe-PST-PER
If you got up earlier, you would certainly have a chance to have your breakfast.
223. (01 a:-yu-d
a-sa: bi: u 4 i g - y u a:-san-mi
time ~ ~ V ~ - I M P F -be-CON
D A T 1 see-IMPF be-PST-PER
If I had time, I would certainly go see you.
a:-san
224. xanvul Ji: jamai 3 u x garj lark'-san uwai az-sa:s-(id in Jamai ud3i-d3 01-yu
if
you him toward hand wave-PSTNEG be-CON-PER
he you see-IMPFfind-IMPFbe-PST
ja:?
be ITP
If you didn't wave your hand to him, can he see you ?
225. xarwul Ji: balda-3 ul wana-yu-d a:-sa:, kul-e:
ul qaklo:-yu a:-san-Je:
if
you slip-IMPFNEG fdl-IMPF-DAT
be-CONfood-REFNEG break-IMPFbe-PST-PER
If you didn't slip, you would not have broken you leg.
226. xanvul iq-yu-i-(id
mad-yu-d
a:-sa: bi: mor-e
aqir-3
ukw-\yu
if
leave-IMPF-ACC-PER
know-IMPF-DAT
be-CON1 horse-REFbring-IMPFgive-IMPF
a
If I had known you were going, I would have lent you my horse.
mad-yu-d
a:-sx. bi: aud-a: ul gold@-yu
227. xanvul Jarnai tolkugkwuwai al*
if
you key
NEG say-IMPF know-IMPF-DAT
if
I door-REFNEG lock-IMPF
a:-san-mi
AUX-PST-PER
If I had known you didn't have the key, I would not have locked the door.
228. in nam-ti: nakan-d it(-yu a:-san. in (01 uwai
he me-COM one-DAT go-IMPF AUX-PST he time NEG
He would go with me, but he does not have time.
229. xanvul bi tarwul-a xaso:-san a:-yu-d
a:-sa: ul twax-yu z-san-mi
if
I there-REFask-PST AUX-IMPF-DAT be-CONNEG lost-IMPFAUX-PST-PER
If I had asked the direction, I would not be lost.
230. ba: amar-4 bol-yu a:-san a:-tyai tj ba: ul amar-yu a:-san t( @ul
uwai
we rest-IMPF be-IMPFAUX-PST be-IMFAFP We NEG rest-IMPF AUX-PST AFP possible NEG
Even if it were okay for us to rest, we would probably not take a rest.
xwarul war-a:s-id bi: 4 a k aut(-bai
23 1. xarwul bunj
if
tomorrow rain NEG fd1-CON-REF
1 thing go-NPT
If it does not rain tomorrow, I will go shopping.
taggar-i: arbun-ax-a1
bol-bai
232. b z itJe: fl talwx, ti: talla
we go AFP AUX that because SQ-GEN
situation-INS-AFP
decide-NF.~
We will probably go, but it completely depends upon the weather conditions.
233, bud
(01-ti:
azy z-sa: bi: xake: xanna:-tJ-wai
tomorrow time-co~have-CONI hair cut-go-NPT
If I have time tomorrow, I will get my hair cut.
234. kakw-mini xiy bol-0:s-o: tJwaya-d war-bai ala-n
my-DAT enter-NIT say-NPr
son-PER big be-CON-REF
My son wants to be a soldier after he grows up.
235. xarwul bi: alb-a:
arin-da: bara: tal-as-a:
bi: utkai, (igtJi:ji+O-d ba:%in-d
if
1 work-REFtime-DATfinish AUX-CON-REF 1 soon Monday-DATBeijing-DAT
If I finish my work on the time, I will return to Beijing on Monday.
236. xanvul bi: (am-ti: nakan-d
itfi-4 ul Jada-n
al-3:s-mini Ji: jo: ala-b-Je: ?
1 you-COM together-DATgo-IMPF NEG be able-wr say-CON-PER you what say-NPT-PER
if
If I say I could not go with you, what would you think ?
237. xarwul bi: (am-ti: itJwu-d kur-as-a:
bi: 1ju:djan
ordo:n-inj x* ir-bai
if
1 you-COMgo-DAT d e c i d e - c o N - ~1~ ~six o'clock before-REFreturn-NFT
If I go with you, I would have to come back before six o'clock.
238. bol: tal-e:s-i:n-a1
bi: ga@ra: karlx-ja: al-%-x-wai
okay put-CON-ACC-AFP 1 place change-MF say-IMPF-AUX-NPT
If it is possible, I want to change the place.
239. in mo: bol-0:s-o: gad-da: xarj-3i: ane:-3 ul t( Jada-n,
in bas djarryun bait-a:
work-REF
NEG AI?P enable-wr he also many
he bad be-CON-REF
home-DATreturn-PEF
iJke:-@ bar-yu
ude:n
do-IMPFfinish-IMPF
NEG
He probably cannot go home, because he has still many things to do.
240. xanvul (i: sarin-d itJe: tal-e:s-a:
jamar warkal amas-bi-(i:
if
YOU party-DAT go AUX-CON-REF what ~10th We=-NPT-PER
If you were go to the party, what kind of clothing would you wear ?
241. (i: nam-d nak aiJil-bai-Ji ja: ?
you me-DAT one help-NIT-PERITP
Can you do this for me ?
242. minj taray -mid (aurd-tan
nam-d a i l - % tulki+
ukw
Car-PER
get
S
~
U
C
~
P
me-DAT
S
T
help-IMPF
push-IMPF
give
my
My car got stuck in the mud, can you push it for me please ?
243. ana a e ( y an-i:-mid nak jau-ly a:-3
ukw-bi-(i
ja: ? bol-bai ja: ?
this letter-ACC-PERone ~ ~ ~ ~ - C A Ugive-NIT-PER
- I M P F ITP okay-NPT17P
Would you please send this letter for me ?
-
244. aud-i:
na:-3e: a:-y a:ne:, bol-bai ja: ?
door-ACCopen-IMPFnux-IMF okay-~prrn
Would you please open the door ?
245. ana 0s-i: tar njadam wa:-y u
tunpun-d sur-a: !
wash-IMPFbasin-DATpour-IMF
this water that face
Please pour water into that washbasin.
246. namai and bai a l - 4
jam-d %a:
me here AUX say-IMPF him.-DA~tell
Please tell him I am here.
bi: want-bai
247. Jam-ai nak $0~0:-ja:, d a n e a n j xu:l,
you-ACCone trouble-IMFlight
turn off I sleep-~pr
Could you do me a favor; please turn off the light, I am going to bed.
248. ana oreko: Ji: ana Qak-sul-i:
ga+da: artJ-y ane:
this evening you this t h i n g - ~ ~ - a chome-REF
c
take-IMF
You can take these things to your home tonight.
249. xanvul Ji: (01
ay-as-a:
bud
udur nak ir-ya:ne:, bol-bai ja: ?
you free time ~ ~ V ~ - C O Ntomorrow
- R E F day one come-IMFo k a y - ~ p ITP
r
if
If you have time tomorrow, would you please come to my home ?
xi:-ly a:-y u-mini (am-ai antka: 4oyo:-bai kawo: ?
250. Jam-aa ana bait-i:
you-INS this work-ACCdo-CAU-IMPF-PER
you-ACCvery order-NP~pn.
It is too much trouble for you that I have asked you to do this.
25 1. ana bol-0:s-o:
bi: (am-ax ail-1ya:-y u madax bait-minj
this b o r d e r - c o ~ - ~1~you-INS
F
help-CAU-IMPF
last
thing-PER
This is the last thing I will bother you to do for me.
252. (inj xi:-san ana bait-sul-d
in antyam badyal-$ ul bara-n
your do-PEFthis t h i n g - p ~ - ~he
~ Talways thank-IMPFNEG finish-NIT
He never forgot your help.
xarban x a q jollu-4
253. bi: Jam-az ut(ark ~@ya: jollwma:-j a: al-4-a-wai,
1 you-INS little money borrow-IMF say-IMPF-AUX-NPT ten
dollar borrow-IMPF
(ada-bi-J
j a:
enable-m-PERrrp
I wanted to borrow money from you; would you please lend me $10. ?
254. ada: nam-ai bu: saz-a:,
bi: aiduyw jax+-a-wai
now me-ACCNEG disturb-IMF1 very busy-IMPF-AUX-NIT
Please don't disturb me; I am very busy.
255. xarwul biJin bas narn-arr xi:-1ya:-yu bait aqrz tal-e:s-a:
narn-d @a:-y axe:
other also me-INS do-CAU-IMPF
thing have AUXCON-REF me-DAT tell-IMF
if
If there are any other things I can do for you, please let know !
256. in garj-da: x d s a n baidp:
he home-DATreturn-PST FTL
I guess he has already returned to his home.
257. tar xu:
banin-a:
karla:-yu-d
katu: bol-lan
hard be-PST
that person personality-REFchange-IMPF-DAT
It is hard for him to change his personality.
xar ? ti:
xi-yu-d
3uyj-bai ja: ?
258. (i: u3-yu-d
YOU See-IMPF-DAT how that way do-IMPF-DAT
okay-Nm ITP
What do you think ? Is it right to do it that way ?
259. usyul4-yu-i ul bait-lan, ana baita-d (inky xo: 4uyj-bai
sure-IMPF-ACC
NEG use-PST this event-DAT
your all right-NIT
Sure, you are absolutely right in this case.
260. mini: bod-y u-d
tar bait dax Jiniry xo:(ke:
my ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - I M that
P F -event
D A Ton you wrong
I think you are not right in that case.
261. (i: bud
udur xwar war-bai al-4-a-b-Ji
ja: ?
you tomorrow day rain fall-NFT say-IMPF-AUX-PST-PER rrp
Do you think it will be rain tomorrow ?
262. mini bod-yu-d
xwarul wan-n kawo:
my ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - I M rain
P F - NEG
D A ~T ~ I - NPTL
PT
I guess it will not rain tomorrow.
tar dawu: sain bodyun
263. mini ue-y u-d,
P F -quite
D A Tgood idea
my ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - I M that
I think it is good idea.
264. in xar aimar durti: tJqgal-lan, (i: turyun-i-nj
mada-bi-J
ja: ?
he how this way face tin3-P~~ you reason-Acc-REF know-NPT-PER
ITP
Do you know why he looks so tired ?
265. in ana udur udur-i:
tjab xaksulwai gin bait k e - : ti: gag-gal-lan kawo:
he this day all day-ACClong time
hard work do-PEF that tired-PST FTL
I guess he has worked all day without having a break.
mini utJkar-sul xar
266. (id u4-yu-d
my child-PL how
your think-MPF-DAT
What do you think about our children ?
267. mini u4-y u-d
(inj utjkar-sul-Jinj dawu: xu:-d
dwalla-rd-bai
your
F-D
child-PL-PER
AT
quite person-DAT \-rove-P~~-NlT
my ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - I M P
I think that your children are all lovely.
268. mini bod-y u-d
(i: ana oreko: garj-da: aqa:-$id 3uyj-bai
my ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - I M P
you
F -this
D Anight
T
home-DATRE REF
right-NPT
I think you should stay at home tonight.
IV.
Bibliography
This bibliography is a selection of works on Dagur language studies in Mongolian, English
and Chinese.
Badarongga. 1988.
H$
Xishu.
"
bg&&
'(Dawoeryuyu Mengguyu Yitong Bijiao: Jiantan dowoelyu
[ Acomparison of Similarities and Differences between Dagur (Dagur) and
Mongolian. Also Relevant to the Affiliation of Dagur]. &&$&$~inzu
Yuwen.
6 (1988): 61-67.
i*
&
9
[Language material of Dagur]. & $$ $3;
Badarongga. 1987.
"Dawoeryu Huayu Caiiiao
"
Minzu Yuwen. 4 (1987):
73-79.
Badarongga. 1983.
"Dawoeryu, Manzhuyu he Mengguyu de Guami. " [The Relationship between
Dagur, Manchu and Mongolian].
@
*& $
/3;# @
i
Neieienggu
' 4 8
Shehui Kexue [Journal of Social Science Studies in Inner Mongolia]. 2 (1983):
"Xinjiang Dawoer-yu Xiaosheyin Jiami" [ Apreliminary analysis of the Uvular
sound of Dagur language in Xinjiang].
&
6
Engkebatu. 1982.
a&
Q
Minru Yuwen.
1
0
?'
"Dngur kelen-ii abiyan-u sistem. " [The Phonemic System of Dagur].
--J**-+&M-~.W
0bur Mongyol--un yeke suryayuli-yi~zerdem sinjilgen-ii sedgiil [Journal of The
University of Inner Mongolia]. 4 (1982): 131- 174.
Engkebatu. 1983a.
%$$$'
& ;g&,
Dawoer Hany u Zidian.
[Dagur-Chinese Dictionary]. Huhhot: Inner Mongolian People's Press.
Engkebatu. 1983b.
6,
r.
4
"Dagurklen-ii teiike-in toqai jarim asa yudal.
Issues about the History of Dagur Language].
"
[Several
2 \Y
4 -I#
&Q 4 0biir ~ o n ~ y o l - yeke
un
w
suryayuli-yin erdem sinjilgen-ii sedgiil [Journal of The University of Inner
Mongolia]. 2 (1983): 141-156.
Engkebatu. 1985a. ' - y - ' ~ * -
d@krJ-)
"Dagurkelen-ii tein ilayal-un toqai. [The Case Suffix in Dagur].
"
0 b o r Mongyol--un yeke suryayuli-yin erdem sinjilgen-ii sedgiil [Journal of The
University of Inner Mongolia]. 3 (1985): 13-34.
Engkebatu. 1985b.
okcrrbfi
..
Dagur kelen-u iige kelelge-in matriyal. Language Meterials for Dagur 1. Huhhot:
Inner Mongolian People's Press. 1985.
Engkebatu. 1988.
.a
yu
Dagur kele
.*
ba Mongyol- kele. [Dagur and Mongolian Languages]. Huhhot: Inner Mongolian
People's Press.
Engkebatu. 1984.
.. a6
Dagur kelen-ii iiges.
[Vocabularies of Dagur Language]. Huhhot: Inner Mongolian People's Press.
Kara, Gyorgy. "Long Vowels in Manchu Loan-words of Dagur." Hoppo Bunka Kenkyu:
Bulletin of the Institute for the Studies of North Eurasian Culture; 17: 117-130.
Hokkaido Univ. 1985.
Martin, Samuel E. 1960. Dagur Mongolian Grammar, Texts, and Lexicon. Research and
studies in Urallic and Altaic languages. Project No. 30. Mouton & co. The Hague,
The Netherlands.
& W&
3 &$ if
Narnsarai. 1981. j
$$$$,
"Dawoeryu de
Weiyu Renche~zgFanchou. " [The Personal Ending of Dagur Verbal Predicates].
'
'
MinzuYuwen. 2(1981): 40-43.
-If0
MI$8 jd
Namsaai. ~ ~ 3 2 .
bj
flf ~
&&
1 2
"Dawoeryu Mingzi de Lingshu Fujia Chengfen. " [The Reflexive Suffixes of Dagur
Noun]. In
&34
&
a&&$
Minzu Yuwen Yanjiu
Lunwenji. [The collection of articles of Minority language studies]. 448-457.
Xining: Qinghai People's Press. 1982.
Namsarai. 1989.
"Dagur kele~t-iitiiriil satun-u dagudalga. " [About the h s h i p Terminology in
Dagur Language].
%CX-> --, Mongyol- kele bieig
>
[Mongolian Language]. 2 (1989): 68-77.
Namsarai and Haserdeni. 1983.
%
.
6
C.
Dagur kele ba Mongyol- kelen-ii qari?a:ayulul. [A comparison of
Dagur and Mongolian]. Huhhot: Inner Mongolian People's Press.
Onan, ~ j i i r .1984.
&$$,J,3'3a iq b $ q f
?$&
'Dawoeryu Zi de
Lingshuxing Fanchou " [Reflective suffix in Dagur]. In
Minzu Yuwen Yanjiu [Studies of languages of Minority Nationality]. pp. 2 17-231.
Chengdu: Sichuan Minority National Press. 1984.
Onan, ,urn
1987.
3,$
Dawoeryu [Dagur Language].
Zhongguo Shaoshu Minzu Yuyan
[The Minority Languages of China], pp. 592-608. Chengdu: Sichuan People's
Press.
Poppe. N. 1955. Introduction to Mongolian comparative Studies. Helsinki: SuomalasUgrilainen Seura.
d
-
"Dagur kelen-ii ijil du yudal yatai iiges-un toqai
[About the Homonym in Dagur].
"
?MongYoz
L O
kele bieig [Mongolian Language]. 6 (1989): 50-59.
Sun, Zhu. ed. 1990.
Cidian. [ ~ i c t i o n a qof Mongolian Languages] Xining: Qinghai People's Press.
Sun, Zhu. 1987.
b$ ,Cb&
%$$ 4
I
%
$r $ *
~
"Merrgguyu Dawoeryu Dongxiangyu de Shu de Fanchou de Bijiao.
"
[ AComparative Study on the Numeral Category among the Mongolian, Dagur and
Dongxiang Languages].
&& %&
Minzu Yuwen. 6 (1987): 26-34.
,f.
Sun, Zhu. 1985.
Yitong. [Brief Discussion of Dagur Language: Tentative discussion on the
"
similarity and difference between Dagur and Mongolian]. In Sun Zhu, 1985, p.
559-624.
@&&$,
Mengguyu Wenji .[Article Collection of
Mongolian Language Studies] Xining: Qinghai People's Press.
A1
*$%#$%a
Wang, Penglin. 1983.
#p#$a&$bL
i3S
'(GuanyuMengguyuzu Yuyiyion 'Ge Fujia Chen&enl de Wenti.
"
[On
the So-called Case-Suffixes in Mongolian Languages: Based on the Materials of
Dagur langauge].
Zork. 1988.
&$i
%& Minzu Yuwen. 1 (1983): 41-49.
~ f i ,I
'*+
? cp$mait;$f
, he
8 $$ii
"Dawoeryu zhong de Man-Tonggusiyu Jiezi.
Dagur Language].
Zhong, Suchun. 1982.
L%%
"
[Manchu-Tungusic Loan-words in
Minzu Yuwen. 4 (1988): 25-30.
-*."9
&#,f, lp
~ r j ]4,
bL
Dawoeryu Jianzhi. [A Concise
Grammar of Dagur]. Beijing: Minority Nationality Press. 1982.
Previous Issues
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Date
Author
Title
1
Nov.
1986
Victor H. Mair
The Need for an Alphabetically
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31
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1986
Andrew Jones
The Poetics of Uncertainty in Early
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45
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Victor H. Mair
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1987
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1987
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University of
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University of
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A Partial Bibliography for the
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Pages
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The Four Languages of
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Chinese Characters and the Greek
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Computers and Japanese Literacy:
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Indo-European Vocabulary in Old
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Goethe-Universität
Feb.
1988
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Dec.
1988
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Life and Light, the Infinite: A
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46
June
1989
Pratoom Angurarohita
Buddhist Influence on the
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31
Western Cultural Innovations in
China, 1200 BC
8
July
1989
University of Hawaii
Vassar College
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Daitoku-ji, Kyoto
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Edward Shaughnessy
University of Chicago
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1989
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Shanghai
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1989
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1990
George Cardona
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Three Brief Essays Concerning
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Tattooed Faces and Stilt Houses:
Who Were the Ancient Yue?
28
Two Non-Tetragraphic Northern
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March
1990
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University of
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Victor H. Mair
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Heather Peters
University Museum of
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Victor H. Mair
University of
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a. Implications of the
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1990
Bosat Man
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6
Introduction and Notes for a
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68
Nalanda
Victor H. Mair
University of
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21
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1990
22
23
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25
26
27
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1991
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1991
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1991
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1991
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1991
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1991
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1991
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1991
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Philippa Jane Benson
Two Cross-Cultural Studies on
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9, 13
Slips of the Tongue and Pen in
Chinese
45
Tracks of the Tao, Semantics of
Zen
10
Language, Writing, and Tradition
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24
Linguistic Nationalism: The Case
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Questions on the Origins of
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10
Carnegie Mellon
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David Moser
University of Michigan
Victor H. Mair
University of
Pennsylvania
David A. Utz
University of
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Jean DeBernardi
University of Alberta
JAO Tsung-i
Chinese University of
Hong Kong
Victor H. Mair, ed.
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ZHOU Youguang
State Language
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Victor H. Mair
University of
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M. V. Sofronov
Institute of Far Eastern
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Schriftfestschrift: Essays in Honor
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ix, 245
The Family of Chinese
Character-Type Scripts (Twenty
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11
What Is a Chinese
“Dialect/Topolect”? Reflections on
Some Key Sino-English Linguistic
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31
Chinese Philology and the Scripts
of Central Asia
10
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31
Oct.
1991
various
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68
32
Aug.
1992
David McCraw
How the Chinawoman Lost Her
Voice
27
University of Hawaii
Sept.
1992
FENG Lide and Kevin
Stuart
Interethnic Contact on the Inner
Asian Frontier: The Gangou People
of Minhe County, Qinghai
34
Two Papers on Sinolinguistics
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33
Chuankou No. 1 Middle
School and Qinghai
Education College
34
35
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1992
Nov.
1992
Victor H. Mair
University of
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Victor H. Mair
Pages
1. A Hypothesis
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2. East Asian Round-Trip
Words
Reviews (IV)
37
Hanyu Wailaici de Yuyuan
Kaozheng he Cidian Bianzuan
(Philological Research on the
Etymology of Loanwords in Sinitic
and Dictionary Compilation)
13
Chinese Buddhist Historiography
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16
The Linguistic and Textual
Antecedents of The Sutra of the
Wise and the Foolish
95
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Feb.
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1993
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1993
XU Wenkan
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University of New Mexico
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Aug.
1993
Jordan Paper
A Material Case for a Late Bering
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17
York University
Tiao-Fish through Chinese
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68
Miching Mallecho: The Zhanguo
ce and Classical Rhetoric
27
Harvard University
Renchin-Jashe Yulshul
Kham Tibetan Language Materials
39
Salar Language Materials
72
The Three Thousand Year Old
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Carleton College
The Sino-Alphabet: The
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1993
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1993
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1993
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Tibetan Autonomous
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1993
MA Quanlin, MA
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Zhicheng
Xining
Edited by Kevin Stuart
Kokonor
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45
46
Jan.
1994
May
1994
July
1994
Dolkun Kamberi
Columbia University
Mark Hansell
2, 155
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1994
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51
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54
Sept.
1994
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1994
Nov.
1994
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1994
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1994
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1994
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1994
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Title
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Robert S. Bauer
Sino-Tibetan *kolo “Wheel”
11
Introduction and Notes for a
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Chuang Tzu
xxxiv,
110
Mahidol University Salaya
Nakornpathom, Thailand
Victor H. Mair
University of
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Ludo Rocher
University of
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YIN Binyong
State Language
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Social Sciences)
HAN Kangxin
Orality and Textuality in the Indian
Context
28
Diyi ge Lading Zimu de Hanyu
Pinyin Fang’an Shi Zenyang
Chansheng de? [How Was the First
Romanized Spelling System for
Sinitic Produced?]
7
The Study of Ancient Human
Skeletons from Xinjiang, China
9+4
figs.
Chinese Romanization Systems:
IPA Transliteration
20
Guanyu Tuhuoluoren de Qiyuan he
Qianxi Wenti [On the Problem of
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Tocharians]
11
Editorial Offices of the
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Shanghai
Üjiyediin Chuluu
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Introduction, Grammar, and
Sample Sentences for Jegün Yogur
34
Introduction, Grammar, and
Sample Sentences for Dongxiang
34
Institute of Archeology
Chinese Academy of
Social Sciences
Warren A. Shibles
University of Wisconsin
Whitewater
XU Wenkan
University of Toronto
55
Nov.
1994
Üjiyediin Chuluu
(Chaolu Wu)
University of Toronto
Previous Issues, cont.
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Date
Author
Title
Pages
56
Nov.
1994
Üjiyediin Chuluu
(Chaolu Wu)
Introduction, Grammar, and
Sample Sentences for Dagur
36
Introduction, Grammar, and
Sample Sentences for Monguor
31
Introduction, Grammar, and
Sample Sentences for Baoan
28
China’s Monguor Minority:
Ethnography and Folktales
i, I,
193
China’s Dagur Minority: Society,
Shamanism, and Folklore
vii,
167
University of Toronto
57
Nov.
1994
Üjiyediin Chuluu
(Chaolu Wu)
University of Toronto
58
Nov.
1994
Üjiyediin Chuluu
(Chaolu Wu)
University of Toronto
59
Dec.
1994
Kevin Stuart
Qinghai Junior Teachers
College;
Limusishiden
Qinghai Medical College
Attached Hospital, Xining,
Kokonor (Qinghai)
60
Dec.
1994
Kevin Stuart, Li
Xuewei, and Shelear
Qinghai Junior Teachers
College, Xining, Kokonor
(Qinghai)
61
Dec.
1994
Kevin Stuart and Li
Xuewei
Tales from China’s Forest Hunters:
Oroqen Folktales
iv, 59
Qinghai Junior Teachers
College, Xining, Kokonor
(Qinghai)
62
63
Dec.
1994
Dec.
1994
William C. Hannas
Georgetown University
Sarah M. Nelson
University of Denver
Reflections on the “Unity” of
Spoken and Written Chinese and
Academic Learning in China
5
The Development of Complexity in
Prehistoric North China
17
Previous Issues, cont.
Number
Date
64
Jan.
1995
65
66
67
68
69
Feb.
1995
March
1995
April
1995
May
1995
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1996
Author
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Arne Østmoe
A Germanic-Tai Linguistic Puzzle
81, 6
Bangkok, Thailand, and
Drøbak, Norway
Penglin Wang
Chinese University of
Hong Kong
ZHU Qingzhi
Sichuan University and
Peking University
David McCraw
University of Hawaii
Ke Peng, Yanshi Zhu
University of Chicago and
Tokyo, Japan
Dpal-ldan-bkra-shis,
Keith Slater, et al.
Qinghai, Santa Barbara,
etc.
70
71
Feb.
1996
March
1996
David Utz, Xinru Liu,
Indo-European Loanwords in
Altaic
28
Some Linguistic Evidence for
Early Cultural Exchange Between
China and India
7
Pursuing Zhuangzi as a
Rhymemaster: A Snark-Hunt in
Eight Fits
38
New Research on the Origin of
Cowries Used in Ancient China
i, 26
Language Materials of China’s
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Mongghul and Minhe Mangghuer
Reviews VI
xi, 266
93
Taylor Carman, Bryan Van
Norden, and the Editor
Philadelphia, Vassar, etc.
Erik Zürcher
Leiden University
Vernacularisms in Medieval
Chinese Texts
31 +
11 + 8
The Life and Mentorship of
Confucius
44
Seishi Karashima
Soka University
Huanming Qin
Tang Studies Hotline
72
May
1996
E. Bruce Brooks
University of
Massachusetts
Previous Issues, cont.
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Date
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Pages
73
June
1996
ZHANG Juan, et al.,
and Kevin Stuart
Blue Cloth and Pearl Deer; Yogur
Folklore
iii, 76
Qinghai, Inner Mongolia,
Shanxi, Henan, Liaoning
74
75
76
Jan.
1997
David Moser
University of Michigan &
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Feb.
1997
Haun Saussy
Stanford University
Feb.
1997
Patricia Eichenbaum
Karetzky
Bard College
77
78
Jan.
1998
Feb.
1998
Daniel Hsieh
Purdue University
Narsu
Covert Sexism in Mandarin
Chinese
23
The Prestige of Writing: Wen2,
Letter, Picture, Image, Ideography
40
The Evolution of the Symbolism of
the Paradise of the Buddha of
Infinite Life and Its Western
Origins
28
The Origin and Nature of the
“Nineteen Old Poems”
49
Practical Mongolian Sentences
(With English Translation)
iii + 49
+ ii +
66
8
Bates College
A Southeast Asian Voice in the
Daodejing?
Taishan Yu
A Study of Saka History
ii +
225
Indigenous or Foreign?: A Look at
the Origins of the Monkey Hero
Sun Wukong
iv +
110
Inner Mongolia College of
Agriculture & Animal
Husbandry
Kevin Stuart
Qinghai Junior Teachers’
College
79
80
81
March
1998
July
1998
Sept.
1998
Dennis Grafflin
Chinese Academy of
Social Sciences
Hera S. Walker
Ursinus College
(Philadelphia)
Previous Issues, cont.
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Date
82
Sept.
1998
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
Oct.
1998
Oct.
1998
Oct.
1998
Oct.
1998
Nov.
1998
Dec.
1998
Jan.
1999
Jan.
1999
Author
Title
I. S. Gurevich
A Fragment of a pien-wen(?)
Related to the Cycle “On Buddha’s
Life”
15
Tense/Aspect markers in Mandarin
and Xiang dialects, and their
contact
20
The New Old Mummies from
Eastern Central Asia: Ancestors of
the Tocharian Knights Depicted on
the Buddhist Wallpaintings of
Kucha and Turfan? Some
Circumstantial Evidence
9
Tokharian Buddhism in Kucha:
Buddhism of Indo-European
Centum Speakers in Chinese
Turkestan before the 10th Century
C.E.
30
Siba: Bronze Age Culture of the
Gansu Corridor
18
Canine Conundrums: Eurasian Dog
Ancestor Myths in Historical and
Ethnic Perspective
74
University of
Pennsylvania
Saroj Kumar Chaudhuri
Siddham in China and Japan
9, 124
Writing Taiwanese: The
Development of Modern Written
Taiwanese
4 + 41
+4
Reviews VII [including review of
The Original Analects]
2, 38
Russian Academy of
Sciences
Minglang Zhou
University of Colorado at
Boulder
Ulf Jäger
Gronau/Westfalen,
Germany
Mariko Namba Walter
University of New
England
Jidong Yang
University of
Pennsylvania
Victor H. Mair
Pages
Aichi Gakusen University
Alvin Lin
Yale University
Victor H. Mair et al
Previous Issues, cont.
Number
Date
91
Jan.
1999
92
93
94
95
96
97
Author
Title
Victor H. Mair
Phonosymbolism or Etymology:
The Case of the Verb “Cop”
University of
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Jan.
1999
Dartmouth College
Jan.
1999
Stanford University
March
1999
May
1999
June
1999
Dec.
1999
Christine Louise Lin
David S. Nivison
Julie Lee Wei
Hoover Institute
Victor H. Mair
University of
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E. Bruce Brooks
University of
Massachusetts
LI Shuicheng
Peking University
The Presbyterian Church in Taiwan
and the Advocacy of Local
Autonomy
Correspondence Between the
Chinese Calendar Signs and the
Phoenician Alphabet
65 + 6
A Medieval, Central Asian
Buddhist Theme in a Late Ming
Taoist Tale by Feng Meng-lung
27
Alexandrian Motifs in Chinese
Texts
14
Sino-Western Contact in the
Second Millennium BC
Peter Daniels, Daniel
Boucher, and other
authors
Reviews VIII
99
Feb.
2000
Anthony Barbieri-Low
Wheeled Vehicles in the Chinese
Bronze Age (c. 2000-741 BC)
Feb.
2000
Wayne Alt
Community College of
Baltimore County (Essex)
xiii +
136
iv + 68
Jan.
2000
100
28
The Key to the Chronology of the
Three Dynasties: The “Modern
Text” Bamboo Annals
98
Princeton University
Pages
Zhuangzi, Mysticism, and the
Rejection of Distinctions
iv, 29
108
v, 98 +
5 color
plates
29
Previous Issues, cont.
Number
101
102
Date
Author
Title
Pages
March
2000
C. Michele Thompson
The Viêt Peoples and the Origins of
Nom
71, 1
March
2000
Theresa Jen
South Connecticut State
University
Bryn Mawr College
Penless Chinese Character
Reproduction
15
Early Chinese Tattoo
52
Ping Xu
Baruch College
103
June
2000
Carrie E. Reid
July
2000
David W. Pankenier
Aug.
2000
Anne Birrell
Sept.
2000
Yu Taishan
107
Sept.
2000
Jacques deLisle,
Adelheid E. Krohne,
and the editor
Reviews IX
148 +
map
108
Sept.
2000
Ruth H. Chang
Understanding Di and Tian: Deity
and Heaven From Shang to Tang
vii, 54
Oct.
2000
Conán Dean Carey
In Hell the One without Sin is Lord
ii, 60
Oct.
2000
Toh Hoong Teik
104
105
106
109
110
111
Nov.
2000
Middlebury College
Lehigh University
Cambridge University
Chinese Academy of
Social Sciences
University of
Pennsylvania
Popular Astrology and Border
Affairs in Early China
19 + 1
color
plate
Postmodernist Theory in Recent
Studies of Chinese Literature
31
A Hypothesis about the Sources of
the Sai Tribes
i, 3,
200
Stanford University
20
Harvard University
Shaykh 'Alam: The Emperor of
Early Sixteenth-Century China
Victor H. Mair
The Need for a New Era
10
University of
Pennsylvania
Previous Issues, cont.
Number
Date
112
July
2001
113
Aug.
2001
Author
Title
Pages
Victor H. Mair
Notes on the Anau Inscription
xi, 93
Etymology of the Word
“Macrobiotic:s” and Its Use in
Modern Chinese Scholarship
18
Beyond the Question of the
Monkey Imposter: Indian Influence
on the Chinese Novel, The Journey
to the West
35
Correspondences of Basic Words
Between Old Chinese and
Proto-Indo-European
8
On the Problem of Chinese
Lettered Words
13
Baihua, Guanhua, Fangyan and
the May Fourth Reading of Rulin
Waishi
10
Evidence for the Indo-European
Origin of Two Ancient Chinese
Deities
ii, 75,
1
color,
1 b-w
print
“Hu” Non-Chinese as They Appear
in the Materials from the Astana
Graveyard at Turfan
21, 5
figs.
University of
Pennsylvania
Ray Collins
Chepachet, RI
David Kerr
Melbourne, FL
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
March
2002
April
2002
May
2002
May
2002
June
2002
July
2002
July
2002
Ramnath Subbaraman
University of Chicago
ZHOU Jixu
Sichuan Normal
University
LIU Yongquan
Institute of Linguistics,
Chinese Academy of
Social Sciences
SHANG Wei
Columbia University
Justine T. Snow
Port Townsend, WA
WU Zhen
Xinjiang Museum,
Ürümchi
Anne Birrell
University of Cambridge,
Clare Hall
Female-Gendered Myth in the
Classic of Mountains and Seas
47
Previous Issues, cont.
Number
Date
Author
Title
Pages
121
July
2002
Mark Edward Lewis
Dicing and Divination in Early
China
22, 7
figs.
July
2002
Julie Wilensky
The Magical Kunlun and “Devil
Slaves”: Chinese Perceptions of
Dark-skinned People and Africa
before 1500
51, 3
figs.
123
Aug.
2002
Paul R. Goldin and the
editor
Reviews X
124
Augus
t 2002
Fredrik T. Hiebert
The Context of the Anau Seal
122
Stanford University
Yale Univesity
University of
Pennsylvania
John Colarusso
McMaster University
125
126
127
128
129
130
July
2003
ZHOU Jixu
Aug.
2003
Tim Miller
30
1-34
35-47
Remarks on the Anau and Niyä
Seals
Correspondences of Cultural Words
between Old Chinese and
Proto-Indo-European
19
A Southern Min Word in the
Tsu-t’ang chi
14
University of Washington
Oct.
2003
Sundeep S. Jhutti
The Getes
Nov.
2003
Yinpo Tschang
Dec.
2003
Michael Witzel
Feb.
2004
Bede Fahey
Sichuan Normal
University
Shanghai Normal
University
Petaluma, California
125, 8
color
plates
On Proto-Shang
18
Linguistic Evidence for Cultural
Exchange in Prehistoric Western
Central Asia
70
Mayan: A Sino-Tibetan Language?
A Comparative Study
61
New York City
Harvard University
Fort St. John, British
Columbia
Previous Issues, cont.
Number
131
132
133
Date
Author
Title
Pages
March
2004
Taishan Yu
A History of the Relationship
between the Western and Eastern
Han, Wei, Jin, Northern and
Southern Dynasties and the
Western Regions
1, 3,
352
April
2004
Kim Hayes
April
2004
John L. Sorenson
Chinese Academy of
Social Sciences
Sydney
Brigham Young University
Carl L. Johannessen
On the Presence of Non-Chinese at
Anyang
Scientific Evidence for
Pre-Columbian Transoceanic
Voyages CD-ROM
University of Oregon
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
May
2004
Xieyan Hincha
May
2004
John J. Emerson
May
2004
Serge Papillon
June
2004
Hoong Teik Toh
June
2004
Julie Lee Wei
June
2004
Taishan Yu
June
2004
Yinpo Tschang
July
2004
Yinpo Tschang
Neumädewitz, Germany
Portland, Oregon
Mouvaux, France and
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Harvard University
San Jose and London
Chinese Academy of
Social Sciences
New York City
New York City
Two Steps Toward Digraphia in
China
11
48,
166,
19, 15
plates
i, 22
The Secret History of the Mongols
and Western Literature
21
Influences tokhariennes sur la
mythologie chinoise
47
Some Classical Malay Materials
for the Study of the Chinese Novel
Journey to the West
64
Dogs and Cats: Lessons from
Learning Chinese
17
A Hypothesis on the Origin of the
Yu State
20
Shih and Zong: Social
Organization in Bronze Age China
28
Chaos in Heaven: On the Calendars
of Preclassical China
30
Previous Issues, cont.
Number
Date
Author
Title
142
July
2004
Katheryn Linduff, ed.
Silk Road Exchange in China
64
July
2004
Victor H. Mair
Sleep in Dream: Soporific
Responses to Depression in Story
of the Stone
99
July
2004
RONG Xinjiang
Land Route or Sea Route?
Commentary on the Study of the
Paths of Transmission and Areas in
which Buddhism Was
Disseminated during the Han
Period
32
145
Aug.
2004
the editor
Reviews XI
146
Feb.
2005
Hoong Teik Toh
The -yu Ending in Xiongnu,
Xianbei, and Gaoju Onomastica
24
March
2005
Hoong Teik Toh
Ch. Qiong ~ Tib. Khyung; Taoism
~ Bonpo -- Some Questions
Related to Early Ethno-Religious
History in Sichuan
18
April
2005
Lucas Christopoulos
Le gréco-bouddhisme et l’art du
poing en Chine
52
May
2005
Kimberly S. Te Winkle
University College,
London
A Sacred Trinity: God, Mountain,
and Bird: Cultic Practices of the
Bronze Age Chengdu Plain
May
2005
Dolkun Kamberi
Uyghurs and Uyghur Identity
June
2005
Jane Jia SI
143
144
147
148
149
150
151
Pages
University of Pittsburgh
University of
Pennsylvania
Peking University
Academia Sinica
Academia Sinica
Beijing Sports University
2, 41
ii, 103
(41 in
color)
44
Washington, DC
University of
Pennsylvania
The Genealogy of Dictionaries:
Producers, Literary Audience, and
the Circulation of English Texts in
the Treaty Port of Shanghai
44, 4
tables
Previous Issues, cont.
Number
Date
Author
Title
Pages
152
June
2005
Denis Mair
The Dance of Qian and Kun in the
Zhouyi
13, 2
figs.
July
2005
Alan Piper
London (UK)
The Mysterious Origins of the
Word “Marihuana”
July
2005
Serge Papillon
Mythologie sino-européenne
July
2005
Denis Mair
Janus-Like Concepts in the Li and
Kun Trigrams
8
Seattle
July
2005
Abolqasem Esmailpour
Manichean Gnosis and Creation
157
Aug.
2005
Ralph D. Sawyer
Paradoxical Coexistence of
Prognostication and Warfare
13
Aug.
2005
Mark Edward Lewis
Writings on Warfare Found in
Ancient Chinese Tombs
15
Aug.
2005
Jens Østergaard
Petersen
The Zuozhuan Account of the
Death of King Zhao of Chu and Its
Sources
47
Literary Evidence for the
Identification of Some Common
Scenes in Han Funerary Art
14
The Names of the Yi Jing Trigrams:
An Inquiry into Their Linguistic
Origins
18
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
Seattle
Belfort, France
161
162
174, 1
plate
Shahid Beheshti
University, Tehran
Independent Scholar
Stanford University
University of Copenhagen
160
17
Sept.
2005
Matteo Compareti
Sept.
2005
Julie Lee Wei
Sept.
2005
Julie Lee Wei
Venice
London
London
Counting and Knotting:
Correspondences between Old
Chinese and Indo-European
71,
map
Previous Issues, cont.
Number
Date
Author
Title
163
Oct.
2005
Julie Lee Wei
Huangdi and Huntun (the Yellow
Emperor and Wonton): A New
Hypothesis on Some Figures in
Chinese Mythology
44
Oct.
2005
Julie Lee Wei
Shang and Zhou: An Inquiry into
the Linguistic Origins of Two
Dynastic Names
62
Oct.
2005
Julie Lee Wei
DAO and DE: An Inquiry into the
Linguistic Origins of Some Terms
in Chinese Philosophy and
Morality
51
Nov.
2005
Julie Lee Wei
164
165
166
London
London
London
Reviews XII
Pages
i, 63
London
Hodong Kim
Seoul National University
and David Selvia and
the Editor
both of the University of
Pennsylvania
167
168
169
170
Dec.
2005
ZHOU Jixu
Dec.
2005
Judith A. Lerner
Jan.
2006
Victor H. Mair
Feb.
2006
Amber R. Woodward
Sichuan Normal
University
New York City
University of
Pennsylvania
University of
Pennsylvania
Old Chinese '帝*tees' and
Proto-Indo-European “*deus”:
Similarity in Religious Ideas and a
Common Source in Linguistics
17
Aspects of Assimilation: the
Funerary Practices and Furnishings
of Central Asians in China
51, v,
9
plates
Conversion Tables for the
Three-Volume Edition of the
Hanyu Da Cidian
i, 284
Learning English, Losing Face, and
Taking Over: The Method (or
Madness) of Li Yang and His
Crazy English
18
Previous Issues, cont.
Number
Date
Author
Title
Pages
Beginning with issue no. 171, Sino-Platonic Papers will be published electronically on the Web.
Issues from no. 1 to no. 170, however, will continue to be sold as paper copies until our stock runs out,
after which they too will be made available on the Web. For prices of paper copies, see the catalog at
www.sino-platonic.org
171
June
2006
John DeFrancis
172
Aug.
2006
Deborah Beaser
The Outlook for Taiwanese
Language Preservation
18
173
Oct.
2006
Taishan Yu
A Study of the History of the
Relationship Between the Western
and Eastern Han, Wei, Jin,
Northern and Southern Dynasties
and the Western Regions
167
174
Nov.
2006
Mariko Namba Walter
Sogdians and Buddhism
65
175
Dec.
2006
Zhou Jixu
The Rise of Agricultural
Civilization in China: The
Disparity between Archeological
Discovery and the Documentary
Record and Its Explanation
38
May
2007
Eric Henry
The Submerged History of Yuè
36
Aug.
2007
Beverley Davis
Timeline of the Development of
the Horse
186
176
177
University of Hawaii
Chinese Academy of
Social Sciences
Center for East Asian
Studies, University of
Pennsylvania; Chinese
Department, Sichuan
Normal University
The Prospects for Chinese Writing
Reform
26, 3
figs.
University of North
Carolina