All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited The global market for automotive interiors - sample copy Published May 2002 No part of this publication may be copied, reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or be transmitted in any form by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publishers. All material published within this report is copyright Aroq Limited. This report is provided for individual use only. For details of multi-user licences and intranet distribution options please contact Oliver Wilkinson: Tel: +44 (0)1386 383085. Fax: +44 (0)1386 47073. Email: [email protected] Aroq Limited. Registered in England no: 4307068 3 Vale Park Business Centre, Evesham, Worcs, WR11 1GN, UK. Tel: +44 (0)1386 383000 Fax: +44 (0)1386 47073 Web: www.aroq.com © 2002 All content copyright Aroq Limited. All rights reserved. The global market for automotive interiors All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited Chapter 2 Interiors market overview Seat assembly market positions It is estimated that Lear and Johnson Controls lead the $xx billion global market for complete seat assemblies. Johnson Controls, however, is likely to take over the lead on the world stage following its recent acquisition of Ikeda Bussan. Figure 1 World automotive seating manufacturers’ market shares (% volume) CHART Sources: just-auto.com/industry estimates Faurecia leads the $x.x billion market for complete seating in Western Europe, closely followed by Johnson Controls and Lear. The global market for automotive interiors 7 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited Figure 2 Western Europe shares of the automotive seating market (% volume) CHART REMOVED - SAMPLE COPY Sources: just-auto.com/industry estimates In addition to the big three seat makers, there are a number of other companies supplying seat parts. Like the big three, they have also formed alliances and merged their operations. Most recently, Schukra, the lumbar support specialist has merged with the Leggett & Platt (L&P) Automotive Group, a major supplier of seat comfort systems and (seat) suspension components to the automotive industry. Schukra plans to continue as an individual entity, and as part of L&P, will offer the important seat comfort elements. Schukra is developing an intelligent lumbar system that can be used in seat bolster systems. The global market for automotive interiors 8 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited Volvo Volkswagen Skoda Seat MG Rover Renault PSA Peugeot Citroën Porsche MCC Smart Jaguar GM/ Opel Vauxhall Ford Fiat DaimlerChrysler BMW Audi Table 1 Europe: Suppliers of vehicle seats to European vehicle makers, 2002 Brose CESA ContiTech Faurecia Johnson Controls DATA REMOVED – SAMPLE COPY Keiper Lear Leggett & Platt Magna Rectical Ricaro Tower Source: Auto Business In North America, the main seat manufacturers are Lear, Johnson Controls, Magna International (Intier Automotive) and Visteon. They dominate over xx% of the $x.x billion annual market for complete seating. Other manufacturers include TS Tech (owned by Tokyo Seat Co), Vintec (a joint venture between Johnson Controls and Ikeda Bussan), General Seating (a joint venture between Lear Corp and NHK Spring) and Trim Masters. Araco and Johnson Controls, which are partners in Trim Masters, plan to set up a new joint venture in the US by autumn 20xx, to manufacture metal seat parts such as recliners. With almost all of Trim Masters' business being with Toyota, Araco wants the new venture to use Johnson Controls as a channel in which to expand business and supply seat assemblies to other vehicle makers. The new plant is likely to start production in the autumn of 20xx, and will also supply to Trim Masters and Johnson Controls. Lear and NHK Spring, meanwhile, jointly operate the General Seating of America plant and the General Seating of Canada plant which makes seats for Subaru-Isuzu Automotive Inc. and CAMI Automotive Inc, respectively. The global market for automotive interiors 9 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited Figure 3 North America: shares of the automotive seating market (% volume) CHART REMOVED - SAMPLE COPY Sources: just-auto.com/industry estimates In Japan, Tachi-S is said to lead the seat market, followed by Araco Corp (supplier to Toyota amongst others), Ikeda Bussan (supplier to Nissan), Takashimaya Nippatsu Kogyo Co Ltd (supplier to Toyota), Tokyo Seat Co Ltd, Nanba Press Works Co Ltd (supplier to Mitsubishi), Fuji Seat Co Ltd, and Delta Kogyo Co Ltd (supplier to Mazda). In 20xx, Araco bought a xx% equity stake in the Japanese seat maker Cowerk. Araco aims to increase its productivity as well as speed up the process of development to production. Cowerk supplies xx% of the seats for the vehicles assembled at Toyota Auto Body. Also in 20xx, Takashimaya Nippatsu Kogyo Co Ltd, a subsidiary of NHK Spring, set up a joint venture company in Thailand along with its parent company for developing seat technologies. The new company, known as TNAT, is capitalised at BAHT40 million. Takashimaya Nippatsu holds a xx% stake and NHK Spring holds a xx% stake with NHK's Thai subsidiary providing xx%. The joint venture develops seat technologies for Toyota's strategic car, which will begin production in the Southeast Asian region in 20xx. Takashimaya Nippatsu believes that localising R&D will help to reduce development costs and time. TNAT will initially work with Takashimaya Nippatsu's domestic technical centre to develop standard designs for seats and studies on localising parts sourcing. Takashimaya Nippatsu Kogyo supplies seats and door panels to Toyota Motor. In Vietnam, Takashimaya Nippatsu Kogyo is planning to double its production of seat covers at Takanichi Vietnam Co, Ltd (TVC) to supply to manufacturing operations in the US. As a result, Takashimaya will invest $2.9 million and double its land area to xx,000 m² and factory floor space to x,000 m². The company will also take on another xx workers, raising total employment at the plant to xxx people. The company has opted to produce seat covers at TVC, as labour costs are lower in Vietnam. The global market for automotive interiors 10 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited Seat cover production at TVC is likely to begin in the second half of 20xx. TVC will supply seat covers to the new Takanichi Lear joint venture in the US, Total Interior Systems-America (TISA) established in 20xx in Indiana, noted earlier. It is expected to begin functioning in 20xx. TVC aims to provide nearly xx,000 covers to TISA. Door trim panel market positions According to Lear, door panels consist of several component parts that are attached to a substrate by various methods. Specific components include vinyl or cloth-covered appliqués, armrests, radio speaker grilles, map pocket compartments, carpet and sound-reducing insulation. In addition, door panels often incorporate electrical distribution systems and electrical/electronic products, including switches and wire harnesses for the control of power seats, windows, mirrors and door locks. In Europe, Faurecia claim to lead the $x.x billion door trim panel market with a xx% share. Faurecia offers door panels, door modules and door systems to the world’s major vehicle makers. Its offering includes a complete door system, integrating all the door’s component parts. Faurecia says it is aiming to become a ‘full system supplier’ to the automotive industry for complete door systems. Johnson Controls ranks in second place in Europe, followed by Visteon, Treves and Venture. Others include Lear, Intier, Findlay and Seeber. Last year, plastic components maker Seeber posted sales of DMxxx million, all of which was earned in the automotive sector. Its product range covers interior trim components, instrument panels and consoles and engine components such as activated charcoal filters, power steering and brake fluid reservoirs as well as intake and charge-air pipes. Its major customers include Audi, BMW, DaimlerChrysler, Ford, GM/Opel and other OEMs. The company recently set up a 'Creative Centre' focusing on three main areas: prototype build, testing and a customer sector providing a high level of customer confidentiality. There is also a separate development area working on independent projects not related to the company's core work In North America, Lear leads the $x billion automotive door trim panel market with a xx% share, followed by Visteon, Johnson Controls and Magna’s Intier Automotive. The global market for automotive interiors 11 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited Error! Reference source not found. Johnson Controls recently opened a new interior plant in Warren, Michigan to manufacture door trim panels for DaimlerChrysler cars and trucks. The xxx,xxx sq. ft. facility is unusual in that it also houses the operations of Becker Group, whose employees manufacture the injection-moulded plastic door trim panels and then pass them to Johnson employees for assembly and subsequent delivery. Johnson says the system has led to reduced costs, faster working and higher quality. The new facility also makes door panels for the Jeep Cherokee, which were previously made at its Michigan plant, but has since been closed down. Johnson Controls actually bought out the US and European operations of Becker Group in 19xx, but a year later, Charles Becker, the founder, bought several plants back from them. In Japan, local manufacturers dominate the market, led by Kasai Kogyo, Takushimaya Nippatsu Kogyo (TNK), TS Tech and Araco. In a bid to reduce its debt, Nissan Motor has sold a x.x% stake in its affiliate Kasai Kogyo Co to Akebono Brake Industry Co on 1st March 20xx. By selling these stakes, Nissan's stake in Kasai Kogyo has been reduced from xx.x% to x.x%, thereby making Nagase & Co a major shareholder in Kasai Kogyo. Kasai Kogyo intends to build a factory in Mississippi, US to supply parts to a new plant of Nissan Motor Co. Construction of the ¥x billion facility should be completed by September 20xx and become operational from June 20xx. The new plant will make roof trim, door trim, carpets and other interior components. The company expects to report sales of $xx million in the first year of operation and $xx million in the second year. Through a joint venture agreement, Lear is picking up new business with the Japanese transplants located in the US. In November 20xx, Lear entered a joint venture with TNK. The joint venture, Total Interior Systems-America (TISA), already has a contract to supply Toyota Motor Manufacturing's Indiana plant with seating systems for the Toyota Sienna multi-purpose vehicle. TISA says it will locate a facility in Princeton, Indiana to allow it to make and deliver seat systems on a Just-In-Time basis to the Toyota plant. Production will begin in 20xx. The global market for automotive interiors 12 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited TNK is a supplier of seats and door panels to Toyota with 19xx sales of $xxx million. From a global perspective it is a minor player, but its performance is good nonetheless. The company employs xxxx people at eight assembly plants in Japan, as well as at its operations in China, the Philippines, Thailand, Turkey and Vietnam. Headliners market positions Grupo Antolin claims to lead the $xxx million West European automotive market for headliners. During the 19xxs, Grupo Antolin expanded its operations, entering Germany, the UK, France, Portugal, the US, Mexico, Turkey, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Brazil, Argentina, South Africa, India, Thailand, Japan, South Korea and China. Antolin operates xx plants and xx technical and commercial offices. In second place is Johnson Controls, followed by Lear (with xx%), Tramico and Findlay. In a bid to strengthen its position in the European interiors market, Johnson Controls acquired two manufacturing facilities in Hanover, the German-based automotive interior supplier Benecke-Kaliko AG in 19xx. The transaction added new roof-reinforcing technologies that has since enabled Johnson Controls to integrate premium components - including head protection airbags - into headliner systems and interior pillar products. The intention of the first headliners was simply to cover the sheet metal and roof structure of a vehicle, contributing to interior aesthetics. For some time, headliners were little more than that. Today, headliners are typically referred to as overhead systems, featuring the headliner substrate itself, sun visors, grab handles, coat hooks, overhead console, ducting vents and wiring. For a convertible roof system, a top, mechanism or frame, motor, glass or plastic, and boot need to be added. They are delivered fully assembled in-sequence to the vehicle maker. The headliner itself consists of a substrate as well as a finished interior layer made of a variety of fabrics and materials. The total value of this market is gradually rising as more parts are added. The ever-popular sports-utility vehicles and multi-purpose vehicles in North America, Europe and Japan are helping to grow the market. A ‘fully loaded’ SUV headliner with multimedia applications, sun visors and a multitude of electrical ducting can typically add up to about $xxx to the cost of a vehicle. The global market for automotive interiors 13 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited Volvo Volkswagen Skoda Seat MG Rover Renault PSA Peugeot - Citroën Porsche MCC Smart Jaguar GM/ Opel Vauxhall Ford Fiat DaimlerChrysler BMW Audi Table 2 Europe: Suppliers of vehicle headliners to European vehicle makers, 2002 Autoform Autoliv Collins & Aikman Dexter Empetek Eurostyle Faurecia Fico Findlay Illbruck Industriale Sud DATA REMOVED – SAMPLE COPY Irausa Johnson Controls JRI Technologies Lear Philippine Rieter Sicar Tramico Tramico Visteon Source: Auto Business In the North American headliner market, worth some $xxx million, Johnson Controls is in pole position, followed by Lear, Grupo Antolin, Interier Automotive and M-Tek. Kasai Kogyo, an interior components manufacturer for Nissan Motor Co is planning expansion at M-TEK, its US subsidiary. The $xx million investment on construction and facilities will lead to increased capacity, which will enable the company to meet new orders for door trim for Honda's next Accord model, ceiling for the Ford Mustang and interior parts for Ford-Mazda. The global market for automotive interiors 14 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited In Japan, Toyoda Boshoku is the largest supplier of vehicle headliners, followed by local producers Howa Textile Industry, TS Tech and Sanwa Kogyo. Vehicle acoustics market positions Lear estimates that the vehicle acoustics market is worth $x.x billion in North America, $x.x billion in Western Europe and $x.x billion worldwide. Lear claims a xx% share in North America, x% share in Western Europe and xx% share worldwide. Rieter Automotive Systems is also one of the world's leading suppliers of noise control and thermal insulation systems in motor vehicles. Headquartered in Winterthur, Switzerland, Rieter operates xx plants around the world employing some x,xxx people. In 20xx, Rieter Automotive Systems acquired a majority share in Italian vehicle engineering company I.D.E.A., which has major vehicle makers amongst its clientele, including Fiat. The move allowed Rieter to gain valuable designer and engineering experience from I.D.E.A., helping it towards its plan of becoming a leading global acoustic integrator and full-service supplier. I.D.E.A. also benefits from access to Rieter's markets as well as its global customers. I.D.E.A. was founded in 19xx by Franco Mantegazza and operates six centres with an annual turnover of around €xx million and xxx workers. In 20xx, Rieter entered into a joint venture with the Austrian carpet-producer Durmont to develop high-end carpet products for European vehicle makers. Durmont is an ideal partner for Rieter Automotive, as it is a leading producer of high-end carpets for the European market. Through the alliance with Rieter Automotive Systems, Durmont returns to the automotive carpet business. In the mid-1990s the former owner of Durmont sold the automotive carpet business to Magna, while the new majority owner, Anker group in Germany, renewed concentration on this business. Germany-based Illbruck Automotive is also one of the major suppliers of sound proofing systems in Europe. Family-owned Illbruck was recently renamed Carcoustics International GmbH. The renaming took place after a takeover by Dutch company NIB Capital and the departure of the Illbruck group of companies. The global market for automotive interiors 15 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited Over the next few years, Carcoustics is planning to grow by xx to xx% per year. The company believes that this growth is already guaranteed as a result of certain development projects that have already been negotiated. Carcoustics specialises in vehicle acoustics products and expects future opportunities in this area as noise regulations become stricter. The growth in sales of diesel cars has also increased demand for vehicle acoustic products. In 20xx, the company expects its turnover to increase from a current €xx million to €xxx million. According to its main shareholder, NIB Capital, the company could become the world market leader in acoustics products through further acquisitions. The global market for automotive interiors 16 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited Volvo Volkswagen Skoda Seat MG Rover Renault PSA Peugeot - Citroën Porsche MCC Smart Jaguar GM/ Opel Vauxhall Ford Fiat DaimlerChrysler BMW Audi Table 3 Europe: Suppliers of vehicle sound proofing to European vehicle makers, 2002 AB Fiberduck Ahlstrom Borgers British Vita CA Greiner & Sohne Collins & Aikman CWW-Gerko Dana Dow Automotive Faurecia HBS Technologie HP Chemie-Petzer Illbruck Inapal Magna Molan Odenwald Ovatex DATA REMOVED – SAMPLE COPY Phoenix Plasto Foamade Reinz Rieter Rutgers Saifer-Keller Schaeffler Sofanou Solvay Stankiewicz TMG Treves Treves Source: Auto Business The global market for automotive interiors 17 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited In North America the joint venture Magee Rieter is Rieter Automotive's carpet product source. Magee Rieter is a xx:xx joint venture between the automotive carpet manufacturer Magee of Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania, and Rieter. Magee Rieter Automotive Systems is a supplier of fabricated carpet and acoustical systems to a number of vehicle makers, with GM being its largest customer. In Japan, Hayashi Telempu leads the vehicle carpet market. Hayashi Telempu recently entered into a joint venture with Faurecia to create a global supply network to meet the demand of vehicle makers. Hayashi Telempu was prompted to form the alliance as its largest customer, Toyota Motor, is planning to set up a xx:xx joint venture with Peugeot to make subcompact cars from 20xx. Both Hayashi Telempu and Faurecia will use each other's sales networks and production facilities to produce various interior parts such as carpets. As a result of the alliance, Hayashi Telempu will use Faurecia's production unit to supply customers in Europe. In late 20xx, Hayashi Telempu won its first order to supply interior parts to Nissan Motor. It will supply floor carpet for Nissan's new Fairlady Z that will be launched in 20xx. Hayashi will supply carpet for about x,xx units of the Fairlady Z annually. Vehicle carpet market positions There are at least xx suppliers of vehicle carpets in Europe, led by Faurecia, Magna (Intier Automotive) and Treves. The global market for automotive interiors 18 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited Volvo Volkswagen Skoda Seat MG Rover Renault PSA Peugeot Citroën Porsche MCC Smart Jaguar GM/ Opel Vauxhall Ford Fiat DaimlerChrysler BMW Audi Table 4 Europe: Suppliers of vehicle carpets to European vehicle makers, 2002 Berco Borgers BOS CA Greiner Collins & Aikman Copo Dura Emfisint Era Eurostyle DATA REMOVED – SAMPLE ONLY Faurecia GIA HP Chemie-Pelzer In-house Lear Magna Orsa Phoenix Radici Rieter Saifa Sama San Valeriano Schaeffler Silac Stankiewicz Treves Source: Auto Business The global market for automotive interiors 19 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited Error! Reference source not found. In North America, Collins & Aikman claim to lead the North American - and world - market for vehicle carpets, thanks to a string of significant new awards. In 20xx, DaimlerChrysler took the decision to award Collins & Aikman with a contract to supply floor mats and carpet for both the right- and left-hand drive models of the 20xx Chrysler PT Cruiser vehicle built at DaimlerChrysler's Graz, Austria facility. The floor mats and carpets are now being produced at Collins & Aikman's European facilities located in Belgium and Austria. Other suppliers of vehicle carpets in North America include Lear, Rieter and Amtex Inc. Amtex is a joint venture between Lear and Nagoya. Amtex supplies New United Motor Manufacturing Inc.(NUMMI) with floor carpeting, boot lining, spare tyre covers, dashboard insulators and various other interior trim products. NUMMI is the Fremont-based joint venture between Toyota and GM that employs x,xxx people producing three vehicles - the Toyota Corolla sedan, the Toyota Tacoma pick-up truck, and the Chevrolet Prizm sedan. Instrument panel market positions Following its acquisition of Sommer Allibert, the French group, Faurecia, claims to lead the European instrument panel market, worth some $x.x billion annually. In second place is Visteon, thanks to its acquisition of Plastic Omnium's vehicle interiors business for FFrx billion in 19xx. Plastic Omnium’s interior components division designs and manufactures a range of instrument panels, dashboards, centre consoles, door panels and interior trim. The automotive interiors business of Plastic Omnium employs x,xx people at x facilities in France, Spain, Italy and the UK. Plastic Omnium’s customers include xxx. It operates an R&D Centre in Gondecourt, France and has development alliances with Treves, France (through Tredndel), Kasai Kogyo (through R-TEK, UK) and Risselberg, Belgium. Johnson Controls and Intier Automotive also have a strong presence in the European automotive instrument panel market. The global market for automotive interiors 20 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited In 20xx, Johnson Controls acquired the automotive business of French company Sagem, which specialises in software and systems engineering crucial to the design of a car's electrical and electronic systems architecture. The €xxx million acquisition gives Johnson an important link in its plan to supply fully integrated cockpit and interiors systems. The acquisition also gives Johnson a new base in the European marketplace to sell its full range of electronics, opening up new business with Peugeot and Renault, Sagem's two largest customers. The global market for automotive interiors 21 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited Volvo Volkswagen Skoda Seat MG Rover Renault PSA Peugeot Citroën Jaguar GM/ Opel Vauxhall Ford Fiat DaimlerChrysler BMW Audi Table 5 Europe: Suppliers of vehicle instrument panels to European vehicle makers, 2002 Alveo Antolin Becker Bosch Bourbon Fabi Collins & Aikman ContiTech Delphi Faurecia Gedia Inalfa Johnson Controls DATA REMOVED – SAMPLE COPY LDM Lear Magna Magneti Marelli Plastal-ZCP Recticel Rutgers Siemens VDO TMG Automovel UK-NSI Valeo Venture Visteon Source: Auto Business The global market for automotive interiors 22 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited Volvo Volkswagen Skoda Seat MG Rover Renault PSA Peugeot Citroën Porsche MCC Smart Jaguar GM/ Opel Vauxhall Ford Fiat DaimlerChrysler BMW Audi Table 6 Europe: Suppliers of vehicle cockpits to European vehicle makers, 2002 Becker Borg Bosch Delphi Faurecia In-house Johnson Controls Lear DATA REMOVED – SAMPLE COPY Magna Magneti Marelli PCG Seeber Siemens VDO TRW Venture Visteon Source: Auto Business In North America, Visteon leads the vehicle instrument panel market, estimated to be worth $x.x billion annually, followed by Textron (now Collins & Aikman), Delphi and Toyota with double-digit shares. There is then a long tail of other suppliers, including Kantus, Honda, Lear (with x%), Intertec (Intertec Systems is a joint venture between Inoac Corporation of Japan and Johnson Controls) and Faurecia. In Japan, Toyota, Kansai, Suzuki and Mitsubishi Belt lead the instrument panel market. Mitsubishi Belt, a manufacturer of automotive belts and plastic products, has a joint venture with Visteon to develop, manufacture and market plastic components for cockpit modules. The global market for automotive interiors 23 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited Merger and acquisition activity For many interior suppliers, mergers and acquisitions offer the quickest route to attaining either global reach or systems capability. In this regard, the North American component companies have been most active. Some notable deals struck over the last two years include: Collins & Aikman Corp. will become one of the world's largest makers of automotive interior components with its recent $x.x billion purchase of Textron Inc’s automotive trim business (TAC-Trim). The deal will nearly double Collins & Aikman's annual sales to $x.x billion, lift employment to more than xx,xxx at xxx locations in Europe and North and South America, and boost the firm's range of polyurethane-based products. Collins & Aikman had sales of about $x billion in 20xx and claims to be the global leader in automotive floor and acoustic systems. TAC-Trim had sales of $x.xx billion in 20xx and says it is one of the world's leading suppliers of fully integrated cockpits, and a major manufacturer of automotive parts, including instrument panels, interior trim and exterior components. In contrast to Collins & Aikman, TAC-Trim's PU capabilities are focused on foam-based instrument and door panels and headliners. Reaction injection moulding is another key technology for TAC-Trim. Collins & Aikman has several plants with significant PU operations focusing on carpet insulation and noise, vibration and hardness control systems. Collins & Aikman also has a Spray Urethane Barrier technology which can be moulded to meet complex design requirements. Following Renault’s purchase of a xx.x% stake in Nissan in 19xx, Nissan set about changing its equity relationships with its suppliers by selling its shares in seating parts makers Tachi-S and Fuji Kiko. The carmaker also moved to disengage itself from another seating manufacturer, Ikeda Busan, in which Nissan held a xx% stake. In August 19xx, Tachi-S and Fuji Kiko reached an agreement with Nissan Motor, whereby Tachi-S acquired the xx.x% equity stake in Fuji Kiko that was then held by Nissan Motor, and Fuji Kiko acquired more than half of the xx% equity stake in Tachi-S that Nissan Motor owned. Tachi-S then bought back and cancelled the remaining outstanding Tachi-S shares held by Nissan Motor. The global market for automotive interiors 24 All content copyright © 2002 Aroq Limited Fuji Koko Co Ltd manufactures structural components for car seats with annual sales of around ¥xx billion. In July 20xx, Johnson Controls announced its intention to acquire the Japanese seat maker Ikeda Bussan Co., a Nissan Motor Co. affiliate, consolidating its leading position in seats and interiors. Nissan owned xx% of Ikeda Bussan and NHK Spring Co. held xx% with the remainder widely held. Johnson Controls and Ikeda Bussan have joint ventures making seats for Nissan in the US and Europe dating back to 19xx, but have little other overlap. Nissan accounts for more than xx% of Ikeda Bussan's revenues. Johnson Controls also has three joint ventures in the US with Tachi-S supplying seats to Honda of America Manufacturing and Saturn. The takeover is not expected to affect those ventures. In September 20xx, Johnson Controls bought xx.x% of Ikeda Bussan’s xx.x million shares and assumed $xx million in debt. Two months later, Johnson Controls bought the remaining stake in the company, making it a wholly owned subsidiary. Faurecia’s acquisition of Sommer Allibert for €x.xx billion made the French components group Europe's largest interiors supplier, increased its North American market share overnight and elevated it to one of the few interiors suppliers able to offer a complete interior anywhere in the world. Magna, Johnson Controls, Visteon and Delphi Automotive Systems are all missing one or more pieces from being a complete interior supplier. System integration CHAPTER TRUNCATED The global market for automotive interiors 25
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