Sample Ecology Third MP test

Sample Ecology Third MP test
True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.
____
1. Companies in the United States continue to manufacture and export chlorinated hydrocarbons,
even though they are banned here.
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2. About one-half of Earth’s tropical rain forests have been destroyed.
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3. The human birth rate has remained about the same for the last 100 years.
____
4. Coevolution is the back-and-forth evolutionary adjustments between the interacting members of an
ecosystem.
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5. Warm air can hold more moisture than cold air can hold.
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6. Biomes characterized by high anual rainfall are located at low elevations..
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7. The major difference between primary succession and secondary succession is that primary
succession occurs before secondary succession.
____
8. The study of demographics helps predict changes in the size and composition of a population.
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9. Mutations common causes of changes in allelic frequencies within a population.
____
10. Natural selection acts on phenotypes, not genotypes.
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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____
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11. Which of the following is NOT an example of point source pollution?
a. an oil spill from a tanker with a damaged hull
b. arsenic and lead leaking out of a mine
c. runoff of lawn chemicals from residential neighborhoods
d. untreated sewage dumped from a cruise ship
12. Thermal pollution is harmful to an aquatic environment because
a. water from generators is dirty
c. oxygen dissolves better in colder water
b. bacteria are discharged with the water d. cold water has more nutrients
13.
What is comming out of the concrete stacks in the pictures?
a. steam
c. smoke
____
____
____
____
____
b. aeresolized nitrates
d. radioactive waste
14. Ozone in the atmosphere
a. leads to formation of acid precipitation.
b. combines readily with water vapor.
c. absorbs harmful radiation from the sun.
d. All of the above
15. Refer to the table above. The table represents three types of
a. competition.
c. symbiosis.
b. rhythmic patterns.
d. secondary succession.
16. A functioning aquarium displays
a. a community.
c. an ecosystem.
b. a habitat.
d. All of the above
17. A relationship between a producer and consumer is best illustrated by a
a. python eating an alligator
c. lionness hunting a gazelle
b. dog eating your garbage
d. angus beef steer eating grass.
18. Refer to the illustration above. The photosynthetic algae are
a. producers.
c. parasites.
b. consumers.
d. decomposers.
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19. Refer to the illustration above. At each trophic level, the energy stored in the organisms in that
level is
a. about one-tenth of the energy in the level below it.
b. about one-tenth of the energy in the level above it.
c. 50 percent of the energy in the level below it.
d. 100 percent of the energy in the level below it.
Population Growth Over Time
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20. Refer to the illustration above. Which time period shows exponential growth of the population?
a. period A
c. period C
b. period B
d. period D
Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
21. The people who study relationships between organisms and their environment are
called______________.
22. An example of a community is _______________.
23. Living organisms that cannot make their own food and must eat other organisms are called
_________________________.
24. One way that people at home can help return nutrients and organic matter to their soil is to start a
___________________ pile in which they place organic wastes to be broken down by bacteria and
then spread upon the soil
25. Humans, whales and other long-lived mammals have offspring that require a great deal of parental
care have a __________________________ reproductive strategy.
26. Bacteria in a flask and other r-selected species frequently have ____________ population growth
to start with.
27. The maximum population that an environment can support is referred to as its ________________
________________.
28. Consumers that occupy the third trophic level and therefore eat other animals are called
___________________ consumers.
29. Like Germany and Japan the ________________ _______________ is a country whose
Ecological footprint exceeds its ecological capacity.
30. Scientists test predictions by examining ___________________ or reliable associations between
two or more events.
31. The ____________________________ is the layer beneath the lithosphere.
32. In a ___________________ _____________ energy enters the environment but matter does not.
33. _________________________ are flowering plants taht produce seeds in fruit.
34. _________________________ is a method of providing plants with water from sources other than
direct precipitation.
35. The process of removing salt from salt water is called ________________________.
36. The term ________________________ refers to the number and variety of species that live in an
area.
37. One basic rule of economics is the __________ _________ _____________ ________
_______________, which states that the greater the demand for a limited supply of something, the
more that thing is worth.
38. The small, fast-growing plants that are the first organisms to live in a habitat are called
____________________ ____________________.
39. Every time that energy is transferred in an ecosystem, potential energy is lost as
____________________.
40. The difference between the birth rate and death rate of a population is the ____________________
____________________.
Matching
a. Clean water act
b. Marine protection, research and
sanctuaries act
c. Safe drinking water act
____
d. Water Quality Act
e. CERCLA
41. Set a national goal of making all surface water fit for fishing and swimming by 1983
____
____
____
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42.
43.
44.
45.
Established loans to support water clean up and new wastewater treatment plants
The Superfund ACT for cleanup of hazardous waste sites
Introduced programs to protect groundwater and surface water from pollution
Empowered the EPA to control the dumping of sewage, wastes and toxic chemicals
Short Answer
46. In 2-3 sentences explain why buildings and parking lots are detrimental to an aquifers’ recharge
zone.
47. Make a comparison chart (a tee chart) listing three advantages and three disadvantages of wind
power.
Problem
48. If placing a brick in your toilet tank reduces the amount of water per flush by 3 liters, how much
water in liters would be saved each day if 10 million toilets got bricks and each toiled was flushed
5X a day?
Essay
The graph below depicts the growth of a population of fruit flies over time.
49. At what point would a density-dependent limiting factor have a greater impact on the population?
Why?