START NO GROUP 2 pg 71
START YES Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual Jepson Herbarium Workshop: Basic Botany Series 25 January or 8 February 2014 flowers available? NO NO bulblets produced in infl? reproductive structures present? YES YES GROUP 1 pg 70 seeds and pollen present? NO plants terrestrial? NO NO GROUP 2 pg 71 Instructor: Genevieve K. Walden GROUP 3 pg 74 YES YES ovules exposed to air at pollination? stigma 0? NO Keying to Groups in TJM2 Schematic Diagram modified by GKW from the Key to California Plant Families [Group Level] by David J. Keil, as revised by Alan R. Smith and Thomas J. Rosatti to include Cyatheaceae available from TJM2 and the Jepson eFlora Website http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM_fam_key.html YES GROUP 4 pg 75 fruit develops without flowers opening? NO flowers unisexual, or ONLY pistillate OR staminate flowers available? YES YES pistal >=2 per flower? YES flowers staminate GROUP 5 pg 75 GROUP 6 pg 76 NO YES herb or subshrub woody only at base NO NO perianth 0 or single whorl? NO perianth parts in 2s or 3s YES YES GROUP 10 pg 85 GROUP 16 pg 93 NO petals fused, and hypanthium NOT present NO ovary inferior NO YES corolla bilateral NO GROUP 19 pg 97 YES GROUP 17 pg 95 GROUP 18 pg 96 NO herb or subshrub woody only at base NO GROUP 9 pg 83 leaf deeply divided or compound YES NO ovary inferior NO #stamens >2X #petals NO shrub or tree woody throughout YES YES GROUP 7 pg 78 YES YES YES GROUP 8 pg 81 GROUP 20 pg 100 NO shrub or tree woody throughout YES inflorescence catkin? YES GROUP 11 pg 86 leaf pinnation parallel or leaf not differentiated YES NO GROUP 12 pg 87 GROUP 13 pg 89 GROUP 21 pg 102 NO ovary inferior YES GROUP 14 pg 90 GROUP 22 pg 103 NO GROUP 15 pg 91 GROUP 23 pg 104 NO GROUP 24 pg 105 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 Handout for Keying with the Second Edition of The Jepson Manual Jepson Herbarium Workshops: Basic Botany Series Instructor: Genevieve K. Walden Location: 3030 Valley Life Sciences Building, University of California, Berkeley Session dates: 25 January or 8 February 2014 Welcome! This handout serves as an introductory guide for your notes, questions, and to organize the workshop. This handout will also be available online at www.genevievekwalden.com/ training-and-teaching/ I welcome additions and corrections, contact me [[email protected]]. WORKSHOP SCHEDULE 9:00-9:30AM Welcome and logistics 9:30-10:30AM Introduction to the second edition of The Jepson Manual [TJM2] 10:30-10:45AM 15 minute morning break 10:45-12:00noon Keying with TJM2 12:00-1:30PM Lunch 1:30-2:30PM Group Keying Exercise: example I 2:30-2:45PM 15 minute afternoon break 2:45-3:30PM Group Keying Exercise: example II Overview, reading the text, navigating resources with examples Stereomicroscope and dissecting basics Plant characteristics 3:00-4:30PM Group Keying Exercise: example III 4:30-5:00PM Evaluations and final questions WORKSHOP DESCRIPTION This workshop is designed for new users of the second edition of The Jepson Manual. It will provide an introduction to the manual, including an overview of its organization and a summary of print and digital resources that can be used to enhance the experience of identification. A brief discussion of some of the common changes included in the second edition will be illustrated with hands-on examples and lab activities in the morning, followed by group keying of plants in the afternoon. Participants will become familiar with plant characteristics needed for efficient identification to group, family, or genus, and will gain practical experience by working through keys and common questions as a group. The workshop will be indoors, working with fresh plants collected from various field locations. A general familiarity with morphological terms is helpful, but not required; these will be reviewed during the introductory and group keying sessions. Participants are encouraged to bring their personal copy of the second edition of The Jepson Manual (print or digital); some print copies will be available to borrow. Participants will receive a dissecting kit and will use a dissecting microscope to study plants; previous microscope experience is helpful but not necessary. 2 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 What is TJM2? The Jepson Manual: vascular plants of California, Second Edition [or sometimes, TJM2] is the reference for the flora of California. What do you use it for? TJM2 is an all year round field manual to key and identify the vascular plants of California. Use it all year round - in the field and office! Check out the inside cover of TJM2. Here you will find a great list of online resources available from the Jepson Flora Project [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/jepson_flora_project.html] for a convenient reference guide. These online resources help make identifying plants fun and fast! This workshop includes these references, provides examples within TJM2, and provides additional resources for using the TJM2 to key and identify plants of California. What can’t be keyed using TJM2? Mosses, lichens, algae, and fungi are not included in the project. But there are really good resources that will help you identify these organisms in California [Moss eFlora http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/CA_moss_eflora/], check out the Jepson eFlora and other eFlora tools [http://ucjeps. berkeley.edu/IJM.html], and the appendix to this handout for references. What can be keyed using TJM2? Vascular plants of California! This includes more than 185 plant families of native and naturalized taxa, in eight major clades. These are Ferns, Lycophytes, Gymnosperms, Nympheales, Magnoliids, Ceratophyllales, Eudicots, and Monocots. Check out the Phylogenetic Index [inside back cover, or online http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/clademap2.html] to see how the families are arranged in the second edition. TJM2 covers native and naturalized taxa of California - cultivated or horticultural taxa, waifs, urban or agricultural escapes were NOT included in the hardcopy and digital text. The supplement and Jepson eFlora INCLUDES these waifs, urban or agricultural escapes, and agricultural weeds. Note: Terrestrial plants in only vegetative condition will not be [easily] keyable using just the manual. No worries, that’s what online resources are for! There have been huge changes since the 1993 edition and these are contained in the Second Edition of The Jepson Manual and updated online at the Jepson eFlora. Ongoing botanical research in the California flora means the work isn’t done! Revisions, updates, and corrections are posted to the Jepson eFlora [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html]. This is a brief list - check out the additional references at the end of the handout. *Tip. Always keep a pencil handy to annotate your TJM2 in the margins or add *digital notes* as you work through a key. There will never be a time when you regret writing out your complete thoughts in your field manual or a flora. MAKE MARGINALIA! 3 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 Quick Guide to TJM2 How is The Jepson Manual, Second Edition organized? And why? Read the Philosophy on pgs 1-2, and the Conventions pgs 3-11. Are you looking for a taxon by scientific name or common name and want the page number? Check out the Index pg 1523-1568. Bold numbers are for the first page of the family or genus description, and italic numbers are for illustrations. You can also find clades and families included in TJM2 by the Phylogenetic Index on the back cover, and online http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/clademap2.html Where is Hydrophyllaceae or Lennoaceae in TJM2? You won't find them in the Phylogenetic Index, but look within the Index on pg 1544 for Hydrophyllaceae and pg 1546 for Lennoaceae. Both families are now included within Boraginaceae and found on pg 450. For an online resource that quickly gives an overview of how families and genera are treated between the 1993 TJM and TJM2 refer to: Genera Comparison and Recognition of Families 1993 Jepson - 2012 Jepson http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM_family_dispo.html Looking for names from the 1993 TJM and where they have ended up in TJM2? Dynamic Concordance 1993 Jepson - 2012 Jepson http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/interchange/JMtoJMII.html Looking for any California plant name - by scientific name or common name - and want to link to TJM2 and associated resources of the Jepson Flora Project? Find synonyms, references, authorities, notes at the Index to California Plant Names [ICPN] http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/about_ICPN.html Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2013. Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html Revision 1, Jepson eFlora http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM_suppl_summary.html Errata for TJM2 available at http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/JM12_errata.html Want to compare previous editions of The Jepson Manual or Flora? Jepson, W. L. 1901. A flora of Western Middle California. Encina Publishing Company, Berkeley, CA. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/title/55376 http://archive.org/stream/floraofwesternmi00jeps#page/n5/mode/2up Jepson, W. L. 1911. A flora of Western Middle California. Second Edition. Encina Publishing Company, Berkeley, CA. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/126803#page/5/mode/1up Jepson, W. L. 1925. A Manual of the flowering plants of California. Associated Students Store, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA. Jepson, W. L. 1943. Flora of California. Vol. 1–4. Associated Students Store, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA. All volumes available online http://bscit.berkeley.edu/rarebook.html Hickman, J. C., ed. 1993. The Jepson Manual: higher plants of California. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Online Index to Treatments and Keys from TJM1993 [superseded by the TJM2/Jepson eFlora] http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/interchange/I_treat_indexes.html Corrections for the 1993 edition http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/all_corr2.html 4 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 Reading the text Information about how information is presented is included in the Philosophy [pg 1] and the Conventions [3]. What do all those scientific names mean? Scientific names are information. The point is effective communication in a hierarchical system - and it has to work for written and oral communication for today, for the future, and it has to be consistent with previous publications. So there are some rules - this is science! But these rules are fairly easy to remember and even easier to use. The first rule is to give it a try! The name can help give details about the plants - so look at those binomials in the INDEX and you will start recognizing some common and descriptive epithets. ramosissima [very branched], angustifolium [narrow leaved], sericea [silky], annuus [annual], brachyloba [short lobed]. Color is helpful too - viride [green], alba [white], aurianticus [orange], grisea [gray]. Place names can also help, californica [California], franciscanum [San Francisco], yosemitanum [Yosemite], chilensis [Chile], vallis-mortae [Death Valley]. Also habitat - insulare [island], cismontana [cismontane], serpentinus [serpentine], inundata [flooded places], salina [salt springs]. The ending “ii” or “ae” provides information about the person for whom the taxon was named - Phacelia piersoniae L. O. Williams* [listed on ICPN as a synonym of Phacelia heterophylla var. virgata pg 494*] was named for Rua Pierson [or Terua Pierson, or Terua P. Williams]. The abbreviated author is given at the end of the scientific name for botanical nomenclature, for animals and insects you will see a year of publication added at the end and no author abbreviation. In this example the author is Louis Otho Williams who published the name in 1932 [Williams, L. 1932. Field and Herbarium Studies, I. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 59(7):427-429.]. He and Rua married in 1934 and botanized as a happy team together. *TIP. Spelling does matter! Phacelia peirsoniana J. T. Howell [pg 498*] was named for Frank Warrington Peirson. In TJM2 the scientific names of Native California Taxa, naturalized plants and waifs, and uncertain status taxa are identified by type face. Symbols are used to indicate status: indicates a native plant listed by CNPS, indicate invasive non-native taxa listed by CDFG or CalIPC. How do you pronounce that name? When in doubt, sound it out! Pronounce all the syllables. The emphasis is usually on the second to last syllable. Proper names [people and places] keep their original pronunciation for the stem word, nuttall - ii, douglas - sii, eastwood-ae, dales-iana, austin-i-ae, trask-i-ae. The second rule is to BE BOLD! Botanical Latin is a modern technical language practiced and used by botanists. There are very few ways to mess it up. It always helps to key out loud and practice saying scientific names. Practice helps with pronunciation and with remembering new plant names! PRACTICE! Krascheninnikovia lanata. Winter fat. The genus name is named in honor of Krascheninnikov. Krasch - en - in - ni - kov - i - a la - na - ta. Or of course, crashin in a cove ee ah. Asplenium septentrionale. Ah- splee- NEE- um sep- ten- tree- oh- NAH- lee. 5 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 Navigating and integrating resources TJM2 was supported by numerous sponsors, authors [pgs xvii-xxii], illustrators, and editors. The Dedication to James Hickman, Preface about Willis Linn Jepson [pg xiii] and Acknowledgements [pgs xv-xvi] cover briefly the history of this epic project. The Jepson Flora Project continues to update these resources, supported by the Friends of the Jepson Herbarium. About the Jepson Flora Project, and all the handy online resourcess http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/jepson_flora_project.html What are some of these resources? And how do updates and changes get made? What is a stipe? Look on pg 33 of the TJM2 Botanical Glossary pgs 17-34 [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/ IJM_glossary.html], which refers you to the illustration on pg 29. But wait! You say to yourself. The TJM2 glossary only refers to Ferns in the key to Group 3 (pg 74) and family descriptions pgs 113-134. And you are not looking at a fern, you are looking at stipes in Eriogonum (genus description and keys, pg 1083-1092. Eriogonum diclinum description pg 1096, illustration 1097)! No worries, the TJM2 glossary has been updated to reflect the different usage of this term for ferns and Polygonaceae in the online Errata for TJM2. Errata for TJM2 is available at http://ucjeps.berkeley. edu/JM12_errata.html Discover additional errors, issues, additions, or corrections for TJM2? Contact Dr. Tom Rosatti rosatti@ berkeley.edu. TJM2! Baldwin, B. G., D. H. Goldman, D. J. Keil, R. Patterson, T. J. Rosatti, and D. H. Wilken. 2012. The Jepson Manual: vascular plants of California, Second Edition. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Digital TJM2! Baldwin, B. G., D. H. Goldman, D. J. Keil, R. Patterson, T. J. Rosatti, and D. H. Wilken. 2012. The Digital Jepson Manual: vascular plants of California, Second Edition. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. Instructions for downloading the Digital TJM2 to supported devices [www.ucpress.edu/content/instructions/digital_jepson_download_instrux.pdf]. The Digital Jepson is in EPUB ebook format. Depending on your device, operating system, and preferred notetaking - there are different options and third party applications to digitally mark up an ebook, save your annotations, and export notes as files. As with any digital text, it is definitely user preference for reading, updating with errata and supplement 1, field work, and annotating. What is new in TJM2? A lot! You will notice some changes from the 1993 TJM in the new TJM2. Flowering times have been added to descriptions in TJM2 from hyperlinked specimen data in the Consortium of California Herbaria http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/consortium/. Horticultural information is not included in TJM2 but is still available from the 1993TJM at the online Jepson Horticultural Database http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/db/horticulture/ Geographical subdivisions for the California Floristic Province have been updated since the 1993 TJM- plates are the first page and pg 44 in TJM2. Explanation pgs 35-48. Hierarchical outline of subdivisions on pg 42. Online http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM_geography.html The Jepson eFlora treatments include full descriptions, links to the Online Interchange, elevation, bioregions in which the taxon occurs, georeferenced accessions through BerkeleyMapper 2.0 http://berkeleymapper.berkeley.edu/ and links to specimens in the Consortium of California Herbaria. The Jepson eFlora! Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2013. Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on 02 August 2013]. Since the publication of the second edition some treatments have been revised and published in the first supplement. These are incorporated into the Jepson eFlora and available as a separate PDF for adding to digital libraries. Revision 1, July 2013! http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM_suppl_summary.html 6 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 General approach to Keying with TJM2 Each couplet leads you through a series of increasingly selective choices until you reach an identifying name for your plant specimen. Keys to groups and families use characters that are universal and easily diagnostic for large groups of plants. The choice between two leads can sometimes use a singular character that only describes a particular group of California plants. These singular characters can allow you to key efficiently - in some cases go straight to the family or genus key. Treatments in TJM2 are meant to be a used as a field guide to vascular plants - and so the keys are written with characters that are recognizable in the field. This absolutely means YOU WILL NEED a 10X magnification handlens. Additional characters are described in descriptions [chromosome counts, molecular studies] that contribute to species delimitation but are impossible to actually use in the field. *Tip - Read the descriptions for additional detailed information when keying! TJM2 is written for plants with reproductive parts available. It is not impossible to key out a vegetative terrestrial plant lacking flowers or fruit using TJM2 - but you will need to rely on additional resources or try again at another time. *Tip. Can’t decide which lead to choose? Try going both ways in the key! Plant material at hand may not have the necessary flowering AND mature fruiting material required. Read the descriptions for full characteristics. Choose one key lead and follow it to taxon, then go back and pick the other couplet lead at the point of confusion. See if the resulting identification helps exclude one of the leads. Read couplets in order [left to right]. Key leads are supposed to present the most obvious and clear cut character choices first and subtle differences last. *Tip - if you aren’t having success with the key at a difficult couplet, go back a step and try again. Still confused? Go back to the beginning and try again. It is easy to skip a couplet or a character and be led astray. Everything is “gen” [generally]. That is, the keys present characters that are most common, obvious, and most likely to be encountered in the field for that taxon. Exceptions to the general condition are described in the descriptions. Read the descriptions to get a good idea of the common characteristics for family/genus keys, and look for additional characteristics for species to provide confirmation of identification. Remember that characters addressed in genus descriptions are not repeated in species descriptions if generally true. It is not cheating to read ahead! Unilateral statements in a key are indicated by an Em dash — preceding the trait. These are only applicable to the lead in which the Em dash is included. Geographic subdivisions [pg 44] and soil type can help with keying and identification! California has high numbers of taxa that only occur within the state [native endemics] or are restricted to certain soil types [serpentine or limestone endemics]. Look at the colors! Flowers can change color after pollination, with water stress, during pressing, and fade from bright red to pale white over a century in the herbarium. *Tip - Take notes, write down observations, record questions about the plant material and the steps in keying as you proceed through the keys. Are you looking at a plant specimen that is early or late season? Check the flowering or fruiting time in the descriptions. Early, late season, or shaded plants can vary from the typical growth patterns. Vernal pool plants can have seasonally dimorphic leaves. Eryngium vaseyi (pg 183 and 185) has a juvenile set of leaves when submersed in the pool early in the season and a set of adult leaves later in the season once the pool dries out. 7 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 Using Stereomicroscropes in Jepson Herbarium Workshops Keying with the second Edition of The Jepson Manual, 25 January and 8 February 2014 1. Two-handed carry Use one hand to pick up scope by the head handle [1a].The other hand supports the scope from the base [1b]. Always carry with two hands. Place on flat surface. 6 1a 2. Power plug & cord 8 Cord not shown in figures. Plug located at back of scope/base of arm [2]. Connect cord firmly to scope. Requires electricity source. Wrap cord up when finished. 7 3. ON/OFF switch ON/OFF switch located at back of scope/ base of arm [3]. ON/OFF and LED lights are on a 4sec delay. 4. Light switches LED light switches located on right side of stage [4]. LED lights are on a 4sec delay. LED light intensity controlled by dimmer switches to decrease ! or increase ! lights. LED lights can be used in any combination.Incident LED light " is best for opaque objects illuminated from above. Transmitted LED light # is best for transparent objects illuminated from below. 4 2 3 5 1b 6 6 5. Stage Never dissect material on the glass. Always use a glass slide or 3X5 card to work with material under magnification. 8 8 6. 10X ocular Adjust left to right spacing as needed for eye width. Roll cover down for eyeglass wearers. 7 7 7. Coarse focus knob Raises the optical head up and down. Should be lowered completely for storage. Right & left handed. 2 3 4 ! ! 5 8. Fine focus knob 10X or 30X magnification. Right & left handed. 1b Stereomicroscropes for the Jepson Herbarium Workshops were generously donated by Friends of the Jepson Herbarium. Images [EZ4] and instructions modified from the Leica ES series by GKWalden for these workshops. 8 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 Jepson Workshop Dissecting Basics 2014 e] [o ut er /b ot a to ad o ial in l[ xia /t r ne ax distal [sky] ab cross section (xs) id ps ms ide ] longitudinal section (ls) proximal [soil] Jepson Herbarium Workshop Dissecting Kit Basics !"#$%&"'()#*+,-#.-%&/.0#1(,#%*%2#'&34#23(&.")'0#5367,#8""/#&(.,2#9)%:".#3	&38"6#;)%..#.)+:".#+6#23(+,0#5+./3."# of all sharps appropriately. <',"&#"%$-#(."=#/(,#23(+,#9%$8#,3;",-"&#$)"%6#%6:#:&20#>&%$,+$"#23(&#:+.."$,+36#.8+)).?# DISSECTING KIT ITEMS Sharps: @$+..3&.0#@$%)/").#A#"B,&%#9)%:".#C&"D(+&"#%.."49)2E0#@(//)"4"6,#*+,-#4(),+/%$8#&%F3	)%:".0 Forceps. Supplement with fine point or watchmaker forceps. Probes. @(//)"4"6,#*+,-#'+6"#/&39".=#/+6.#A#6"":)".0 Ruler#C4",&+$#A#"6;)+.-E0#!3,%6+$%)#)+6"#$36G"&.+36HI#)+6"#J#IKIL#+6$-#J#IKM#9%&)"2$3&6#J#I#/3//2."": Glass Dropper#C,3#*",#:+.."$,+6;#4%,"&+%)E RECOMMENDED ITEMS 10X Handlens - a necessity! <#LNO#)"6.#+.#%*".34"#,330#P%62%&:.#%&"#;&"%,#'3""/+6;#,&%$8#3'#-%6:)"6.0 Glass slides & cover slips C;&"%,#'3&#'(6;+#%6:#<))+(4E0#@,%+6.#C*-+)"#;&"%,E#%&"#63,#&"$344"6:":#'3&#;"6"&%)#8+,.0# <)*%2.#$-"$8#Q@5@=#RSA@=#%6:#$-"4#-%F%&:.0# 3x5 cards 5367,#$(,#36#%#4+$&3.$3/"#.,%;"#T#(."#UOV#$%&:.=#.)+:".=#%6:K3&#/&"/%&"#3''#,-"#.,%;"0#W-"#/%/"&#%$,.# %.#%#9)3,,"&#%6:#-")/.#,&%6./3&,#:+.."$,+36.0#X3(#$%6#*3&8#36#4(),+/)"#./"$+4"6.#%6:#/&"..#4+6+TG3($-"&.#*+,-#%# UBV#$%&:0 Small notebook ,3#&"$3&:#63,".#CY+"):#Z3,".E0#['#23(#*+))#9"#:3+6;#*",#'+"):#*3&8#\+,"#+6#,-"#\%+6#/3$8",#.+F"# notebooks. Clear plastic tape ]."#,3#'+B#&3)2/3)2#4%,"&+%)#C."":.=#;)393."#3G%&+".E#,3#UOV#$%&:.#'3&#:+.."$,+360#5+.."$,":# 4%,"&+%)#$%6#9"#$)"%6)2#,%/":#:3*6#%6:#+6$)(:":#+6#%#'+"):#63,"9338#'3&#)%,"&#&"'"&"6$"0#W%/"#+.#%$+:+$#%6:#*+))# 2"))3*#+6#%;"#T#:367,#(."#+'#/&"."&G%,+36#+.#%#$36$"&60 Pencil sharpener & pencil A small pencil sharpener is essential. Can also sharpen pencil with a small knife. Pencils %6:#$&%236.#%&"#&"%))2#-")/'()#,3#4%8"#)"%'#&(99+6;.#'3&#)"%'#G"6%,+36#:+%;&%4.0#['#23(#*+))#9"#4%8+6;#%663,%,+36.=# -"&9%&+(4#)%9").=#3&#)%9#63,"9338.#(."#%$+:#'&""#%&$-+G%)#/"6.#C>+;4%Q+$&36E0 Bags & envelopes ^)%..+6"#3&#.,%4/#"6G")3/".#C:&2#4%,"&+%)E0#>)%.,+$#F+/)3$#9%;.#C'3&#$3))"$,+6;#'&".-#4%,"&+%)#+6# '+"):E0#_""/#'&".-#4%,"&+%)#+6#,-"#'&+:;"#3&#$33)"&0 Bandaids!#Y+&.,#%+:#.(//)+".0#Just in case. 9 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 Plant Characteristics Worksheet Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual On this page, draw the plant specimen you want to identify. Draw what you see and label with your descriptions Reproductive structures available? Flowers, fruit available? Label and describe all parts and characteristics. Include numbers of parts [e.g., #of sepals, #of petals, #of stamens, # of styles]. Record measurements [all measurements are metric for TJM2] - a ruler is printed on pp. 1570 and included in your dissecting kit. Some characteristics change from fresh to dried/pressed specimen [e.g., corolla color, leaf texture]. Dissection of parts using your dissection kits will be helpful [flower, fruit] and required for some taxa. Magnification of parts using a 10X handlens or the dissecting stereomicroscopes will also be helpful or necessary [e.g., hairs!]. Note incomplete or partial specimens, or variation in parts within a plant. Record all observations and questions! 10 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 Keying Notes Worksheet Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual There are some common diagnostic taxonomic characters that will come up repeatedly in TJM2, especially in the Key to Groups and Families [Note: Family and genus keys will have additional characters]. Common characteristics for vascular plants in TJM2 Life history: annual or perennial? Habit: aquatic or terrestrial? Herb or shrub/tree? Woody only at base, or woody throughout? Leaf: simple or compound? What does the leaf margin look like? Leaf venation type? Reproductive structures: do you have sporangia & spores, or seeds [naked, or in cones, or enclosed in ovary]? If producing fruit: inferior or superior ovary? Flowers: unisexual or bisexual? Flowers: all closed or some open? Sepals/petals: fused or free? Hypanthium present? Additional character notes: Keying Notes (Key to Groups & Families): Keying Notes (Family Key): Keying Notes (Genus and species key): Additional Keying Notes: 11 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 Plant Characteristics Worksheet Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual On this page, draw the plant specimen you want to identify. Draw what you see and label with your descriptions Reproductive structures available? Flowers, fruit available? Label and describe all parts and characteristics. Include numbers of parts [e.g., #of sepals, #of petals, #of stamens, # of styles]. Record measurements [all measurements are metric for TJM2] - a ruler is printed on pp. 1570 and included in your dissecting kit. Some characteristics change from fresh to dried/pressed specimen [e.g., corolla color, leaf texture]. Dissection of parts using your dissection kits will be helpful [flower, fruit] and required for some taxa. Magnification of parts using a 10X handlens or the dissecting stereomicroscopes will also be helpful or necessary [e.g., hairs!]. Note incomplete or partial specimens, or variation in parts within a plant. Record all observations and questions! 12 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 Keying Notes Worksheet Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual There are some common diagnostic taxonomic characters that will come up repeatedly in TJM2, especially in the Key to Groups and Families [Note: Family and genus keys will have additional characters]. Common characteristics for vascular plants in TJM2 Life history: annual or perennial? Habit: aquatic or terrestrial? Herb or shrub/tree? Woody only at base, or woody throughout? Leaf: simple or compound? What does the leaf margin look like? Leaf venation type? Reproductive structures: do you have sporangia & spores, or seeds [naked, or in cones, or enclosed in ovary]? If producing fruit: inferior or superior ovary? Flowers: unisexual or bisexual? Flowers: all closed or some open? Sepals/petals: fused or free? Hypanthium present? Additional character notes: Keying Notes (Key to Groups & Families): Keying Notes (Family Key): Keying Notes (Genus and species key): Additional Keying Notes: 13 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 Plant Characteristics Worksheet Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual On this page, draw the plant specimen you want to identify. Draw what you see and label with your descriptions Reproductive structures available? Flowers, fruit available? Label and describe all parts and characteristics. Include numbers of parts [e.g., #of sepals, #of petals, #of stamens, # of styles]. Record measurements [all measurements are metric for TJM2] - a ruler is printed on pp. 1570 and included in your dissecting kit. Some characteristics change from fresh to dried/pressed specimen [e.g., corolla color, leaf texture]. Dissection of parts using your dissection kits will be helpful [flower, fruit] and required for some taxa. Magnification of parts using a 10X handlens or the dissecting stereomicroscopes will also be helpful or necessary [e.g., hairs!]. Note incomplete or partial specimens, or variation in parts within a plant. Record all observations and questions! 14 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 Keying Notes Worksheet Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual There are some common diagnostic taxonomic characters that will come up repeatedly in TJM2, especially in the Key to Groups and Families [Note: Family and genus keys will have additional characters]. Common characteristics for vascular plants in TJM2 Life history: annual or perennial? Habit: aquatic or terrestrial? Herb or shrub/tree? Woody only at base, or woody throughout? Leaf: simple or compound? What does the leaf margin look like? Leaf venation type? Reproductive structures: do you have sporangia & spores, or seeds [naked, or in cones, or enclosed in ovary]? If producing fruit: inferior or superior ovary? Flowers: unisexual or bisexual? Flowers: all closed or some open? Sepals/petals: fused or free? Hypanthium present? Additional character notes: Keying Notes (Key to Groups & Families): Keying Notes (Family Key): Keying Notes (Genus and species key): Additional Keying Notes: 15 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 Plant Characteristics Worksheet Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual On this page, draw the plant specimen you want to identify. Draw what you see and label with your descriptions Reproductive structures available? Flowers, fruit available? Label and describe all parts and characteristics. Include numbers of parts [e.g., #of sepals, #of petals, #of stamens, # of styles]. Record measurements [all measurements are metric for TJM2] - a ruler is printed on pp. 1570 and included in your dissecting kit. Some characteristics change from fresh to dried/pressed specimen [e.g., corolla color, leaf texture]. Dissection of parts using your dissection kits will be helpful [flower, fruit] and required for some taxa. Magnification of parts using a 10X handlens or the dissecting stereomicroscopes will also be helpful or necessary [e.g., hairs!]. Note incomplete or partial specimens, or variation in parts within a plant. Record all observations and questions! 16 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 Keying Notes Worksheet Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual There are some common diagnostic taxonomic characters that will come up repeatedly in TJM2, especially in the Key to Groups and Families [Note: Family and genus keys will have additional characters]. Common characteristics for vascular plants in TJM2 Life history: annual or perennial? Habit: aquatic or terrestrial? Herb or shrub/tree? Woody only at base, or woody throughout? Leaf: simple or compound? What does the leaf margin look like? Leaf venation type? Reproductive structures: do you have sporangia & spores, or seeds [naked, or in cones, or enclosed in ovary]? If producing fruit: inferior or superior ovary? Flowers: unisexual or bisexual? Flowers: all closed or some open? Sepals/petals: fused or free? Hypanthium present? Additional character notes: Keying Notes (Key to Groups & Families): Keying Notes (Family Key): Keying Notes (Genus and species key): Additional Keying Notes: 17 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 Plant Characteristics Worksheet Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual On this page, draw the plant specimen you want to identify. Draw what you see and label with your descriptions Reproductive structures available? Flowers, fruit available? Label and describe all parts and characteristics. Include numbers of parts [e.g., #of sepals, #of petals, #of stamens, # of styles]. Record measurements [all measurements are metric for TJM2] - a ruler is printed on pp. 1570 and included in your dissecting kit. Some characteristics change from fresh to dried/pressed specimen [e.g., corolla color, leaf texture]. Dissection of parts using your dissection kits will be helpful [flower, fruit] and required for some taxa. Magnification of parts using a 10X handlens or the dissecting stereomicroscopes will also be helpful or necessary [e.g., hairs!]. Note incomplete or partial specimens, or variation in parts within a plant. Record all observations and questions! 18 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 Keying Notes Worksheet Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual There are some common diagnostic taxonomic characters that will come up repeatedly in TJM2, especially in the Key to Groups and Families [Note: Family and genus keys will have additional characters]. Common characteristics for vascular plants in TJM2 Life history: annual or perennial? Habit: aquatic or terrestrial? Herb or shrub/tree? Woody only at base, or woody throughout? Leaf: simple or compound? What does the leaf margin look like? Leaf venation type? Reproductive structures: do you have sporangia & spores, or seeds [naked, or in cones, or enclosed in ovary]? If producing fruit: inferior or superior ovary? Flowers: unisexual or bisexual? Flowers: all closed or some open? Sepals/petals: fused or free? Hypanthium present? Additional character notes: Keying Notes (Key to Groups & Families): Keying Notes (Family Key): Keying Notes (Genus and species key): Additional Keying Notes: 19 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 APPENDIX Want to learn more? Additional references and resources abound! Please note the references and resources included in this handout are not comprehensive - there are many additional resources available for specific botanical interests that you may wish to explore further on your own. I tried to include resources that had both a hardcopy and an online version, please let me know if links are broken or inaccessible due to subscription or paywall issues. Questions? Comments? Is this handout missing something helpful to keying and identifying plants using TJM2? I am always looking for useful tips, good resources, and efficient ways to identify plants in California. Let me know your favorite tip or tough plant puzzle! Email [email protected] Want to become more involved? More Jepson Herbarium Workshops are scheduled for the rest of 2014! See the schedule online http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/workshops/2014/index. html. Check out photos and field notes from all the amazing workshops at the tumblr for the Jepson Herbarium Workshops http://jepsonworkshops. tumblr.com. Join or renew your membership to The Friends of the Jepson Herbarium [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/jeps/friends/]! Friends receive the newsletter of the herbarium, The Globe, and receive discounts on all Jepson Herbarium Workshops. Curatorial Volunteer Days in the University and Jepson Herbarium are held on one Saturday a month. For more information contact Curator Kim Kersh [[email protected]]. Are you a member of the California Botanical Society? Members of the California Botanical Society receive the scientific journal Madroño. http:// www.calbotsoc.org Additional reading about Jepson, the Jepson Manual, and the Jepson Flora Project Beidleman, R. G. 2000. Willis Linn Jepson - The Botany Man. Madroño 47(4): 273–286, and online http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/history/biog/jepson/jepson_the_botany_man.html Constance, L. 1995. Homage to Willis Linn Jepson. Madroño 42(2): 96-102. http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/history/biog/jepson/jepson_homage.html Dean, E. 2011. A review of The Jepson Manual: vascular plants of California. Madroño 58(4): 273-274. Libraries and Archives If you are looking for any botanical reference, I highly recommend our UC and Jepson Library and Archives and our archivist Amy Kasameyer. There are fantastic archives and field notebooks, and texts that are unavailable elsewhere. Additionally, if you are stumped after searching online throughout WorldCat and Google, ask Amy [[email protected]]. UC and Jepson Library http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/main/libraries.html UC and Jepson Archives http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/main/archives/ Biodiversity Heritage Library http://biodiversitylibrary.org/ Internet Archive http://archive.org/ Botanicus http://www.botanicus.org/ Google Books http://books.google.com Digital curation There are a number of very very good online resources for specimens. Start with the Consortium of California Herbaria, and then see where that takes you. Consortium of California Herbaria [CCH] http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/consortium/ UC & JEPS type specimen images http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/db/types/types_table.html JSTOR Plant Science, this may require institutional or individual subscription or login through MyPlants http://plants.jstor.org/ FORBES, M. 2012. CollectionSpace: A story of open-source software development and user-centered design. Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 38(3): 22-26. CollectionSpace [http://www.collectionspace.org] Are you looking for a historic name from the Jepson Field Notebooks? http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/images/fieldbooks/jepson_fieldbooks.html Also, check out the Jepson Place Name Index http://www.mip.berkeley.edu/query_forms/browse_jpn.html BerkeleyMapper 2.0 http://berkeleymapper.berkeley.edu/ 20 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 FLORAS - Mosses, Algae, and the plants of California California Moss eFlora http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/CA_moss_eflora/ Index Nominum Algarum Bibliographia Phycologica Universalis [INA] http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/INA.html Tucker Lichen Catalog of California [http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/constancea/85/] Jepson Horticultural Database http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/db/horticulture/ Smith, J. P. 2010. California Floras: Literature on the identification and uses of California vascular plants. Humboldt State Herbarium Miscellaneous Publication No. 1 (17th edition):1-71. www.humboldt.edu/herbarium/publications/Bibliographic/California-floras-November-2010.pdf An exhaustive list of floras in California, periodically updated. If you are looking for regional floras or plant lists check here first. Flora of North America North of México http://floranorthamerica.org/ Online FNANM published volumes http://www.efloras.org/flora_page. aspx?flora_id=1 eFloras http://www.efloras.org/ Photographs CalPhotos http://calphotos.berkeley.edu/ Botanical Glossaries TJM2 Botanical Glossary pgs 17-34 http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM_glossary.html Hunt Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNANM) glossary online http://huntbot.andrew.cmu.edu/hibd/departments/DB-INTRO/IntroFNA.shtml Fairchild Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium Symmetric Plane Figures online http://www.virtualherbarium.org/glossary/ShapeDefs.html Mabberley, D. J. 2008. Mabberley’s plant-book: a portable dictionary of plants, their classification, and uses. Cambridge, UK; New York, Cambridge University Press. Botanical Latin and Greek Additional resources for botanical Latin - The 1993 TJM had a lovely discussion on the Pronunciation of Scientific Names pg 11-12. McNeill, J. 1997. Latin, the Renaissance lingua franca, and English, the 20th century language of science: their role in biotaxonomy. Taxon 46(4): 751-757. Smith, G. F., E. Figueiredo, and G. Moore. 2011. English and Latin as alternative languages for validating the names of organisms covered by the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants: The final chapter? Taxon 60(5): 1502-1503. Stearn, W. T. 2004. Botanical Latin. 4 ed. Portland, Timber Press. GoogleTranslate http://translate.google.com/ Perseus Digital Library [Perseus 4.0, or Perseus Hopper] http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/ Ancient Greek and Latin Dependency TreeBanks http://nlp.perseus.tufts.edu/syntax/treebank/ Textkit http://www.textkit.com/ Plant names and nomenclature TROPICOS http://www.tropicos.org/NameSearch.aspx International Plant Name Index IPNI http://www.ipni.org/ipni/plantnamesearchpage.do Index Nominum Genericorum http://botany.si.edu/ing/ Reveal, J. 2012. Indices Nominum Supragenericorum Plantarum Vascularium 2011 [cited 15 April 2012]. Available from http://www.plantsystematics.org/Reveal/pbio/fam/allspgnames.html. MCNEILL, J., F. R. BARRIE, W. R. BUCK, V. DEMOULIN, W. GREUTER, D. L. HAWKSWORTH, P. S. HERENDEEN, S. KNAPP, K. MARHOLD, J. PRADO, W. F. P. H. V. REINE, G. F. SMITH, J. H. WIERSEMA, and N. J. TURLAND, eds. 2012. International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code) adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011. Regnum Vegetabile. Vol. 154: Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein, Germany. http://www.iapt-taxon.org/nomen/main.php 21 WALDEN - Keying with the second edition of The Jepson Manual, Jepson Herbarium Workshop Basic Botany Series, 25 January or 8 February 2014 Brummitt, R. K., and C. E. Powell. 1992. Authors of plant names: a list of authors of scientific names of plants, with recommended standard forms of their names, including abbreviations. [London], Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. International Plant Names Index - Author Search http://www.ipni.org/ipni/authorsearchpage.do TROPICOS person search http://www.tropicos.org/PersonSearch.aspx ICBN Article 60 http://ibot.sav.sk/icbn/frameset/0065Ch7OaGoNSec1a60.htm#60.2 Additional workshop notes: 22
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