1. finance
2. investing
3. stocks

VIP MANUAL
Introduction
To be used inside the Allen H. Gould Trading Floor
PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE
Table of contents
STARTING REUTERS KOBRA AND GENERAL SEARCH ............................................... 4
REUTERS BASIC NAVIGATION ............................................................................................. 8
EXERCISE 1 ................................................................................................................................. 9
HOW TO FIND COMPANY RICS ........................................................................................... 10
DISPLAYING STOCK QUOTES AND OPTIONS ................................................................ 14
EXERCISE 2 ............................................................................................................................... 20
HOW TO BUILD A QUOTE LIST........................................................................................... 21
HOW TO BUILD A QUOTE LIST........................................................................................... 21
HOW TO DISPLAY CONSTITUENTS OF A CHAIN ......................................................................... 25
EXERCISE 3 ............................................................................................................................... 26
NEWS SEARCH ......................................................................................................................... 27
SINGLE COMPANY NEWS ....................................................................................................... 28
HOW TO GRAPH AN INSTRUMENT.................................................................................... 29
HOW TO EDIT CHART PROPERTIES ......................................................................................... 30
ADDING INSTRUMENTS TO AN EXISTING GRAPH ......................................................................... 31
USING THE ICON BAR ............................................................................................................ 32
HOW TO ADD A TREND LINE ................................................................................................... 33
HOW TO ADD A TARGET CURSOR ........................................................................................... 35
HOW TO CHANGE THE TIME INTERVAL..................................................................................... 37
HOW TO ADD TEXT ............................................................................................................... 38
HOW TO DISPLAY A TICK CHART ............................................................................................ 39
EXERCISE 4 ............................................................................................................................... 40
LINKING FRAMES ................................................................................................................... 41
EXERCISE 5 ............................................................................................................................... 42
RELATED COMPANY DATA ................................................................................................. 43
SAVING YOUR WORK ............................................................................................................ 44
3000XTRA GET GOING ........................................................................................................... 45
EXERCISE 6 ............................................................................................................................... 48
© 2007 Allen H. Gould Trading Floor
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EXCHANGE CODES ................................................................................................................ 49
ENTERING SYMBOLS ............................................................................................................. 50
CANADIAN TREASURY PRICE AND YIELD.................................................................................. 55
CANADIAN BANKERS ACCEPTANCE ......................................................................................... 55
U.S BANKERS ACCEPTANCE .................................................................................................. 55
US TREASURY PRICE AND YIELD ............................................................................................ 55
COMMODITIES ....................................................................................................................... 55
CURRENCIES ........................................................................................................................ 56
APPENDIX A: FUTURES AND OPTIONS MONTH AND TYPE CODES ........................ 58
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Starting Reuters 3000 Xtra and General Search
Double click on the Reuters 3000 Xtra icon, located on the desktop. To begin, click File, New,
Flex Document.
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1.
2.
You will see that the screen is divided into three frames.
To insert any object, there are two ways of doing it. One way is to left click on More. The
other way is to right click and select Insert, then select the object you want.
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1. To remove any object, there are also two ways of doing it. One way is to left click on the
downward arrow on the top right corner of the frame, then select Remove Object. The other way
is to right click anywhere in the object and select Frame, then click on Clear Frame.
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To do a search using the speed guide, left click on Quote icon in a frame and type in
REUTERS. You may adjust the frames by left click, hold and drag the mouse over the yellow
edge of the frame.
4. From here you can do a search. The Speed Guide is broken down by categories: EQUITY,
BONDS, MONEY, NEWS, FUNDS, DERIV, COMOD, ENERGY, SHIPPING, etc.
5. To conduct a search you double click with in the brackets on the category you want, for
example double click on <MONEY> when looking for Money and Forex.
3.
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Reuters Basic Navigation
1. Reuters uses RICs- (Reuters Instrument Codes) to access its database. Double click on codes
in <>, or [] brackets to display the detailed information which you are looking for.
2. Use the ESC key or click the close button on the window to close any pop up windows.
3. Click on any window within the current screen to activate the window.
4. When looking for company specific information: The publicly traded companies that Reuters
maintains in its databases each have their own RICs. Each RIC contains two pieces of
information: the company abbreviation and the exchange it trades on. For example, RIM.TO
is the RIC for Research in Motion trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange. Details for finding
company RICs are found later on in this manual.
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Exercise 1
Find the following data, using the Reuters Speed Guide.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Find the NASDAQ 100 constituents (hint: NASDAQ is an American exchange).
Spot Price of Gold.
RIC for Microsoft Corp on the NASDAQ exchange
Operating hours for the Channel Islands Stock Exchange (hint: United Kingdom).
The Japan vs. U.S. exchange rate.
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How to Find Company RICS
There are two ways to search for RICs; depending on how detailed your search is you may prefer
to use either method:
The first method is to do an Exact Match search. When you know the exact keyword, you can use
this quick, simple way to search for the result. It can done by insert a Search object in a frame
1.
Enter the Name of the company you are looking for in the open space, and then click
“search”
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2.
3.
The results will contain all securities trading under the company name including equities,
bonds, options, warrants and funds.
Double click on the Instrument you want, and a quote browser will pull up the quote.
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Another method for getting a company RIC is to use the same search tool, but use * to expand
search result.
1. First insert Search object, right click in a frame and select insert, then click on Search.
2. Decide whether you want to use Start with or Contains. Use Start with if you only
know the beginning of a word. Use Contains if you want the search result to contain
the keyword.
3. Type in the keyword according to the structure shown in the Search Tip at the bottom
of the object frame, then click Search.
4. The full name will show on the left side, and the RIC will show on the right side. If
you click on the RIC, a quote will be displayed.
5. You can always click on Search Tips beside the Search bottom to get more tips on
how to do a search.
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6.
Instead of doing a general search, you can speicify your search to Equities, Debt,
FX&Money, Commodities&Energy, Funds, Economic Indiciators, Indices and M&A in
the grey toolbar by left click on it.
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Displaying Stock Quotes and Options
1. To display a basic quote
a. Open a quote object by either left click on Quote icon in the frame or right click, insert
then click on Quote.
b. Type in the RIC code, e.g. IBM. Then press Enter on your keyboard or click on the
magnifying glass.
c. *Note: In most cases the RIC must be in all capital letters or all lower case letters.
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2. Options contracts require a little more work to pull up. An options contract is a provision or
contract that gives one party (the option holder) the right, but not the obligation to perform a
specified transaction with another party according to specified terms.
a. Open a quote object by either left click on Quote icon in the frame or right click, insert
then click on Quote.
b. To pull up options of a stock traded on an American exchange open a quote window and
type 0#RIC*.U e.g. for IBM’s options, 0#IBM*.U (hint: U = PRIMARY US OPTIONS
EXCHANGE)
c. A very easy way to go about this is to type in IBM*.U and press F3. You should get an
image similar to what we have below.
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1. To pull up options of Canadian traded stocks, type 0#RIC*.M e.g. for Research in Motion,
0#RIM*.M (hint: M = MONTREAL OPTIONS EXCHANGE)
(REFER TO PG. 49 FOR REUTERS SYMBOLOGY GUIDE)
2. This will display all the options currently traded for the stock. On the left side of the
screen call options are displayed, on the right are put options.
Calls: This provides the holder the right to purchase an underlier at a specified price.
Puts: This provides the holder the right to sell an underlier at a specified price.
Strike Price: This is the price at which the holder of a stock option may decide to purchase
that stock.
(REFER TO PG. 59 FOR KEY FINANCIAL CONCEPTS)
3. To access the quote for a specific call or put option, find the strike price and expiry date in
the left most columns and click on the corresponding price (either for call or put)
.
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How to Find a Government & Corporate Bond Quote
1.
2.
3.
4.
First you must either insert a Search object.
From there, left click on Debt in the grey toolbar.
You can fill in as little as one field, or every field.
To display more fields you have to click on the “Add/Remove Criteria” button. This
broadens/narrows your search.
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3. When you are finished filling the filed, the search result would be displayed automatically at
the bottom of the frame.
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4. By left clicking on the RIC, the bond result displayed will look like an equity display with
some changes to account for the differences in the instrument quoting method.
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Exercise 2
Part A
1.
2.
3.
4.
Find the RIC for Google on the NASDAQ.
Pull up a full quote of that RIC.
In a different pane, display a full listing of the Google options
Display a full quote of a current month Put Option.
Part B
1. Find the IBM Corp. 4.7% coupon bond, maturing in 2014.
2. Pull up a full quote on that bond.
3. What date was it issued and what is the current price? (Hint, right click on the full quote, and
you can see related bond data).
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How to Build a Quote List
1. There are two ways to insert a quote list, one is to click on the Quote List icon, the other one
is to right click and insert, then left click on Quote List.
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2. A list of quotes will appear. Type in the RIC of the instruments you would like to track in the
left most column, and then press Enter.
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3. To change the fields displayed, right click on the very top row, go to Template, then left click
on Add/Remove Columns.
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4. From there, scroll through the list to add or remove fields on the quote list, then click OK.
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How to Display Constituents of a Chain
1. Insert a Quote List object.
2. The syntax for displaying constituents of a chain is 0#.chain. For example, to bring up the
constituents of the Dow Jones Industrial Average, type in 0#.DJI or as we discussed earlier,
.DJI followed by F3.
3. Similarly, to display the constituents for NASDAQ 100 you type in .NDX followed by F3.
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Exercise 3
Build a Quote List with the following column headings.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
m.
RIC name.
Last Price
Net Change
Bid
Ask
Open
High
Low
Volume
Yield
Ex-Dividend Date
Earnings
News
Insert the constituents of the S&P/TSX Composite Index into the Matrix.
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News Search
1.
2.
3.
4.
Insert a News object in a frame.
Type in your news search using “and”, “or” and “not” to help define your search.
Double click on the headline to see the full news story.
You can also right click on the frame and select News Expression Builder, and from there,
you can build your news expressions.
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Single Company News
You can display news on a single company in any of the following ways:
1. After bringing up the quote of a company, press F9, or
2. Right click on the company displayed either in a Quote List or Quote frame and click on
Related News.
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How to Graph an instrument
1. Insert a Chart object. Type in the RIC and press Enter.
2. To remove an analyses on the graph, just select it and press Delete on your keyboard
3. Another way to insert a graph is right click on displayed quote and left click on Related
Graph.
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How to Edit Chart Properties
1. Highlight Graph then right click, and left click on Chart Properties.
2. In this setting you can change the type of graph displayed, as well as currency, units and even
direction.
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Adding instruments to an existing graph
1.
2.
3.
4.
Build your first graph as you did earlier.
Right click on the graph and left click on Insert Analysis.
Under the Instruments field, enter the RIC of the instrument you would like to graph
Click on Add.
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Using the Icon Bar
How to Zoom In/Out
1. Click on the Zoom In icon.
2. Draw a box around the area you want to zoom in on in the graph. The zoomed in section will
appear.
3. To go back to the original size, click on the back arrow to undo Zoom
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How to Add a Trend Line
1. Right click on the graph and select Add, Trend line, Line.
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2. Draw your line by clicking and holding the left mouse button on the point of the graph you
wish your trend line to begin, and releasing at the point you wish your trend line to end.
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How to Add a Target Cursor
1. Click on the Target Cursor icon.
2. Left click on Target Cursor.
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3. By right clicking the target cursor and selecting Related News, you can see the news for this
company at this date.
4. Click on the Target Cursor icon again to remove the target cursor.
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How to Change the Time Interval
You can change the time interval of the graph to show daily, weekly, monthly or 1 minute, 5
minute and 30 minute time intervals by changing the setting in the drop down menu in the Daily
button.
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How to Add Text
1.
2.
3.
4.
Click on the Text icon.
Put the textbox where you would like to place your text in the graph.
Type in your text.
To delete, click on text box and press the Delete button.
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How to Display a Tick Chart
1.
2.
3.
4.
Open a Quote Object. (basic quote)
Type in the RIC code. Eg. MSFT
Right click any part of the quote and click on related graph.
By left click on the graph and highlighting the graph object, you gain access to the dropdown menu in the tool bar from which you can switch the display of the selected analysis
between line, bar and candle.
5. Select the line graph.
6. On the menu item list, you can change the interval for the current chart from daily to tick.
7. A tick chart gives you the most recent information.
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Exercise 4
Part 1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Pull up a graph object.
Insert the S&P/TSX composite index graph.
Insert a Nortel graph on the same page.
Change both graphs to line charts.
Change the back-ground color to white.
Change the time interval to display a monthly graph.
Zoom in to display the period between October 1999 and December 2000.
What day did Nortel Crash?
What was the highest price it reached?
Part 2
1. Display a tick chart on Nortel.
2. Make sure that it is set to the correct time (NYC).
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Linking Frames
Kobra provides a unique feature which allows users to link frames together, so that when you
update one, the rest automatically change depending on your settings.
For example, to link a Quote List with a Chart frame use the following procedure:
1. Open a Quote List object in one frame and a Chart object in the frame below it.
2. In the Quote List Ctrl + L. A highlighted box will appear in the Quote List object.
3. Click on the highlighted box that says “Link to MetaStock Chart…”. A box titled Link will
appear.
4. Check the box that says when I DOUBLE-CLICK a Quote List item, CHART it and click
OK.
5. Now when you click on names of different RICs in the Quote List, the corresponding graph
will appear in the Chart object.
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Exercise 5
This exercise will help you build a complete Kobra sheet with the knowledge you have gained
from this manual.
Design a Kobra sheet to include the following items:
a. 3 graphs displaying the major North American markets, in tick charts, with the correct time
(NYC)
b. One news quote displaying all Equity news
c. One matrix displaying all the TSE300 constituents
d. One ticker object, continuously scrolling displaying stocks you are interested in.
e. One news quote displaying news on the stock you double click in the matrix.
f. One graph displaying the tick chart, with the correct time and linked to the Matrix.
Save your sheet. Now you can access it whenever you need.
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Related Company Data
1. To get related company data of a stock, right click the Quote object that is using the RIC and
choose Related Company Data.
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Through these tabs, you will get valuable information about the company including its
description, company events and key financial ratios.
Saving Your Work
You may save your screen to either a USB key or a 3-½ floppy disk.
1. Click on File.
2. Save As.....
3. Change Directory to the A or D drive.
4. Save it under a name.
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3000Xtra Get Going
Get Going is Reuter’s latest technology and is built on the Kobra platform. It is composed of a
set of pre-designed models to carry out various functions and analytics.
1. To access 3000Xtra you must click on the HOME button located on the tool bar or the Get
Going button.
2. This will pull up the page displayed above (after you click on model browser), and will give
you access to gateways to different securities; FX & MM, Fixed Income, Equity,
Commodities, Energy, etc.
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3. If you click on one of the subheadings (Analyze, Monitor, Research, Overview, etc), you will
be brought to another page with models relating to that heading that contains many models.
For example if you click on Analyse under the Equity heading you will be brought to the
following page containing many models.
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4. The symbol beside each model tells you if it is a Kobra or Excel based model.
If you click on the blue circle beside each model, it will give you a more advanced description of
the model as well as help topics on that model.
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Exercise 6
Part 1 :
1. Go to the 3000 Xtra home page.
2. Find the Economic model and pull it up.
3. Find the exact value of the Canadian Consumer Price Index at December 31, 1984.
Part 2 :
1. Find the Revenue and Earnings model.
2. Pull up IBM corporation.
3. What was their EPS in 1990?
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Reuters Symbology Guide
Exchange Codes
Country
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
Canada
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
United States
Code
*.M
TO
V
0#UBS.VO
0#NT.TOB
0#UBS.V
0#NT.O
A
B
W
C
INS
ISL
OI
TH
*.Y
MW
N
P
O
OQ
PK
P
*.A
*.P
*.X
PH
*.U
© 2007 Allen H. Gould Trading Floor
Exchange
Bourse de Montreal Options Exchange
Toronto Stock Exchange
Canadian Venture Exchange (CDNX)
CDNX Market by Order
TSX Market By Order (Nortel Networks)
CDNX Market by Price
TSX Market By Price (Nortel Networks)
American Stock Exchange
Boston Stock Exchange
Chicago Board Options Exchange
Cincinnati Stock Exchange
Instinet
Island
NASDAQ International
Third Market
International Securities Electronic Options Exchange
Chicago (Midwest) Stock Exchange
New York Stock Exchange
Pacific Stock Exchange
NASDAQ National Market Sys (NMS)
NASDAQ OTC Bulletin Board
NASDAQ Pink Sheet Stocks
Pacific Stock Exchange Tier I
American Options Exchange
Pacific Options Exchange
Philadelphia Options Exchange
Philadelphia Stock Exchange
Primary US Options Exchange
49
Entering Symbols
Code
.
Market Segment
Equities/Debt/Indices
Preferred Stock
Example
BCE.TO
DELL.O
0#AC*.M
ED:
BAXZ2
SPM2+
BAX925C.M
CHF=X
.AV.O
SPc1
WWc1
IBM_pa.N
Name
BCE Inc
Dell Computer
Air Canada BdM option chain
CME Eurodollar futures chain
BAX December 2002 Future
S&P 500 June option chain
BAX Mar 92.5
Swiss Franc Spot Rate
NASDAQ NMS Top Volume
S&P 500 Stock Index CME
Winnipeg Wheat Future
IBM Preferred A Share
0# *
0#:
Options on Equities
Futures
+
Options on Futures
=X
.
‘c1’
Foreign Exchange Rates
Indicators
Lead Month Commodity
_p
_t
_u
_r
_i
Warrant
Trust Units
Rights
Installment Receipts
RY_t.TO
BNS_u.TO
BCE_r.TO
TD_i.TO
db
Debentures
CBGdb.TO
_w
When Issued
CM_w.TO
Royal Bank Warrant
Bank of Nova Scotia Units
BCE Right
Toronto Dominion installment
recpt
Cambridge Shopping Centers,
Debenture CV
CIBC when issued
Examples
Vehicle
Equities
Common Stock
Format
Example
Name
Sym.exchange ID
KO
CM.TO
Class Stock
Equity Option
Sym+class.exchange ID
Sym+strike+alpha
type/expiry
code.exchange ID
Sym+_p.exchange ID
Sym_p+series+exchang
e ID
Sym+_t+exchange ID
CM.pa.TO
IBM90C.U
RY600J.M
Coca Cola (NYSE consolidated)
CDN Imper Bank of Commerce TSX
listing
CIBC Class ‘A’ preferred
IBM March 90 Call on Primary
Market
Royal Bank July 60 Call on BdM
IBM Preferred on NYSE
Royal Bank Preferred K Series on
TSX
Royal Bank Warrant on TSX
Preferred Stock
with Series
Warrant
© 2007 Allen H. Gould Trading Floor
IBM_p.N
RY_pk.TO
RY_t.TO
50
Vehicle
Indices
Index
Index Option
Format
Example
Name
.sym
.OEX
.GSPTSX
0#Sym*.exchang 0#OEX*.W
e ID
Example
S&P 100 Index
S&P/TSX Composite Index
S&P 100 Index Option chain
Name
Vehicle
Foreign Exchange
Spot rates
Format
Vehicle
Futures / Options
Futures
Lead Month Future
Index Future
Option (expiring same
month as future)
Format
Example
sym +month+year code*
Sym+c1
0#sym+month+year code
0#sym+month+year+’+”
BAXM5, USM5
USc1
SPM5
0#USM5+
ISO currency code= CAD=X
Canadian Dollar Spot
For Year code, use the last digit of the expiry year. E.g. 5 indicates 2005
See Appendix A for Futures/Options Month Codes
© 2007 Allen H. Gould Trading Floor
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Canadian Indices
Index
Symbol
All Index Values
S&P/TSX Composite
S&P/TSX 60
S&P/TSX Venture Composite
S&P/TSX Small Cap
S&P/TSX Mid Cap
S&P/TSX Info Technology
S&P/TSX Energy
S&P/TSX Financials
S&P/TSX Gold
S&P/TSX Consumer Discretionary
S&P/TSX Consumer Staples
S&P/TSX Industrials
S&P/TSX Telecomm
S&P/TSX Utilities
S&P/TSX Health Care
S&P/TSX Materials
S&P/TSX Mining
S&P/TSX Real Estate
0#.GSPINDEX.TO
.GSPTSE
.SPTSE
.SPCDNX
.SPTSES
.SPTSEM
.SPTTTK
.SPTTEN
.SPTTFS
.SPTTGD
.GSPTTCD
.GSPTTCS
.GSPTTIN
.GSPTTTS
.GSPTTUT
.GSPTTHC
.GSPTTMT
.GSPTTMN
.GSPTTRE
© 2007 Allen H. Gould Trading Floor
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United States Indices
Index
Symbol
Dow Jones...
Industrial
.DJI
Transportation
.DJT
Utilities
.DJU
Composite
.DJC
All
Guide to All
0#.DJINDEX
US/INDICES1
Standard and Poors…
Industrial
.GSPI
Utilities
.GSPU
Financial
.GSPF
Composite
.GSPC
All
0#.GSPINDEX
Midcap 400
.MID
S&P 100 (OEX)
.OEX
New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)...
Health Care
.NYP
Energy
.NYE
Financial
.NYK
Composite
.NYA
NASDAQ...
Industrial
.IXID
Transportation
.IXTR
Financial
.IXFN
Composite
.IXIC
Insurance
.IXIS
Telecommunication
.IXUT
Non-Financial 100
.NDX
American Exchange (AMEX)...
© 2007 Allen H. Gould Trading Floor
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Composite
.XAX
Major Market Value Index
.XMI
Institutional
.XII
Computer Technology
.XCI
Oil
.XOI
Philadelphia Gold and Silver (PHLX)
Pacific Technical
Wilshire Small Cap
Russell 2000
Morgan Stanley Consumer
© 2007 Allen H. Gould Trading Floor
.XAU
.PSE
.WSX
.RUT
.CMR
54
Canadian Treasury Price and Yield
Instrument:
Reuters Symbol:
Yield Curve
0#CABMK=
1 Month T-Bill
2 Month T-Bill
3 Month T-Bill
CA1MT=
CA2MT=
CA3MT=
CA6MT=
CA1YT=
CA2YT=
CA3YT=
CA4YT=
CA5YT=
CA7YT=
6 Month T-Bill
12 Month T-Bill
2 Year
3 Year
4 Year
5 Year
7 Year
10 Year
20 Year
30 Year
CA10T=
CA20YT=
CA30YT=
Canadian Bankers Acceptance
U.S Bankers Acceptance
US Treasury Price and Yield
Instrument:
Reuters Symbol:
Yield Curve
0#USBMK=
1 Month T-Bill
3 Month T-Bill
US1MT=RR
US3MT=RR
6 Month T-Bill
5 Year
10 Year
US6MT=RR
US2YT=RR
US5YT=RR
US10YT=RR
30 Year
US30YT=RR
2 Year
Commodities
Composite View
© 2007 Allen H. Gould Trading Floor
XCOMP
55
Currencies
Country
ISO Currency Code
Reuters Symbol
Argentina – Argentina Peso
Australia – Australian Dollar
Botswana- Pula
Brazil – Brazil Real
Canada – Canadian Dollar
Canada – US-Cad Royal Bank Rate
Chile – Chilean Peso
China – Chinese Yuan
Colombia – Colombian Peso
Czech Republic
Denmark – Danish Krone
Euro
Hong Kong – Hong Kong Dollar
Hungary – Forint
India – Indian Rupee
Indonesia – Rupiah
Israel – Shekel
Japan – Yen
Jordan – Dinar
Kenya – Kenya Shilling
Korea – Won
Malaysia – Ringgit
Mauritius – Mauritius Rupee
Mexico – Mexican Peso
New Zealand – New Zealand Dollar
Norway – Krone
Pakistan – Pakistan Rupee
Peru – Peruvian Sol
Philippines – Philippine Peso
Poland – Polish Zloty
Russia – Ruble
Singapore – Singapore Dollar
Slovakia Koruna
South Africa – Rand
Sri Lanka – Sri Lanka Rupee
Sweden – Swedish Krona
Switzerland – Switzerland Franc
Taiwan – Taiwanese Dollar
Thailand – Baht
Turkey – Turkish Lira
United Kingdom – Pound
ARS
AUD
BWP
BRL
CAD
ARS=X
AUD=X
BWP=X
BRLX
CAD=X
CADUSD=X
CLP=X
CNY=X
COP=X
CZK=X
DKK=X
EUR=X
HKD=X
HUF=X
INR=X
IDR=X
ILS=X
JPY=X
JOD=X
KES=X
KRW=X
MYR=X
MUR=X
MXN=X
NZD=X
NOK=X
PKR=X
PENX
PHP=X
PLNX
RUB=X
SGD=X
SKK=X
ZAR=X
LKR=X
SEK=X
CHF=X
TWD=X
THB=X
TRL=X
GBP=X
© 2007 Allen H. Gould Trading Floor
CLP
CNY
COP
CZK
DKK
EUR
HKD
HUF
INR
IDR
ILS
JPY
JOD
KES
KRW
MYR
MUR
MXN
NZD
NOK
PKR
PEN
PHP
PLN
RUB
SGD
SKK
ZAR
LKR
SEK
CHF
TWD
THB
TRL
GBP
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Uruguay – Uruguay Peso
Venezuela – Bolivar
Zimbabwe – Zimbabwe Dollar
© 2007 Allen H. Gould Trading Floor
UAH
VEB
ZWD
UAH=X
VEB=X
ZWD=X
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Appendix A: Futures and Options Month and Type Codes
Detailed below are Alpha Codes that represent Futures and Options Contracts.
DELIVERY MONTH CODES – FUT/OPTS
January
March
May
July
September
November
=F
=H
=K
=N
=U
=X
February = G
April
=J
June
=M
August = Q
October = V
December = Z
EXPIRY MONTH CODES - OPTION
STRIKES
Call Options:
Put Options:
January
= A January
=M
February
= B February
=N
March
=C
March
=O
April
= D April
=P
May
=E
May
=Q
June
=F
June
=R
July
=G
July
=S
August
= H August
=T
September
=I
September
=U
October
=J
October
=V
=W
November
=K
November
December
=L
December
=X
KEY CONCEPTS:
ASK PRICE: The highest price at which anyone will accept to sell a stock.
© 2007 Allen H. Gould Trading Floor
58
BID PRICE: The highest price at which anyone will accept to buy a stock.
BID-ASK-SPREAD: The difference between the bid and ask prices
BULL MARKET: Market characterized by a long term rise in prices. They usually last several
months and result in high trading volume.
BEAR MARKET: Market characterized by a prolonged period of falling prices, usually 20% or
more.
CALLS: This provides the holder the right to purchase an underlier at a specified price.
Capital: Money, assets, securities and inventory.
EQUITIES: Common and Preferred stocks, which represent a share in the ownership of a
company.
Assets: Everything a company or person owns or is owed, such as money, securities, equipment
and buildings.
At the “Market Order”: An order to buy or sell stock immediately at the best current price.
LIMIT ORDER: An order to buy or sell stock at a specified price.
SETTLEMENT: The process that follows a transaction on the TSE whereby the seller delivers
the security to the buyer and the buyer pays the seller for the security.
DIVIDEND: A portion of a company’s profit paid to shareholders.
COMMON SHARES: Securities which represent part ownership in a company and generally
carry voting privileges.
FUTURES: Contracts to buy or sell a security with delivery set at a future date.
INSIDER: All directors and senior officers of a company, its parent and subsidiaries and anyone
owning more than 10% of the voting shares in a company.
INSIDER TRADING: There are two types of insider trading:
■ Stock transactions by insiders of a company. These trades are legal and must be reported to the
appropriate securities commissions.
■ trades by anyone with knowledge of material information that is not public knowledge. This
type of insider trading is illegal.
RISK TOLERANCE: An investor’s ability to accept the possibility of losing capital.
AUCTION MARKET: A market where buyers and sellers are brought together to trade with
each other and prices are set by supply and demand.
COMMISSION: The fee charged by member firms to clients for trades done on their behalf.
Day Order: An order which is valid only for the day it is entered.
MARKET MAKER: A dealer who continually buys and sells rounds of lots of a security on the
over-the-counter market.
IPO: Initial Public Offering.
INDEX: A numerical scale used to compare variables with one another
OPTIONS: A contract or provision of a contract, which gives one party (the option holder) the
right, but not the obligation, to perform a specified transaction with another party according to
specified terms.
PREMIUM: The price of an option.
CROSS RATE: Rate or price associated with the purchase or sale of currencies that are neither
traded nor quoted directly against one another.
PUT: This provides the holder the right to sell an underlier at a specified price.
© 2007 Allen H. Gould Trading Floor
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