Course Description Manual 2014-2015 This manual is to be used as a guide for the selection of courses for the 2014-2015 academic year. This guide can also be used to assist you in the planning of your entire educational program at Roy-Hart. TABLE OF CONTENTS Counseling Department ......................page 3-6 Art Department ...................................page 7-8 English Department.............................page 9-10 Foreign Language ................................page 11-12 Humanities…………………………… page 13 Math Department ................................page 14-16 Music Department ...............................page 17-18 Physical Education and Health...........page 19 Science Department .............................page 20-22 Social Studies Department ..................page 23-25 Technology Department ......................page 26-30 2 Introduction Careful course selection is a critical part of your High School experience. The process of course selection is one way you can put into practice some of the decision-making strategies you have learned. Your schedule is the educational map for the school year. The choice process is an expression of the partnership we seek to promote between students, parents and school personnel. This Course Description Manual has been prepared to assist you in that decision making process. It contains all the courses offered with a short descriptive paragraph giving pertinent information, course prerequisites, credits, etc. It is intended to give you as accurate a course description as possible so that you may be aware of the content of each subject and wisely make your selection. Now is the time for careful consideration of your choices. You are accountable for the decision. After your courses are chosen, we will build a master schedule that reflects those choices. Once we make this commitment of our resources in the spring, changing courses becomes very difficult. If you or your parent/guardian have any questions about the courses described here or the process of course selection please call the Counseling Department at (716) 735 – 2000. Counselors and faculty are always available to help throughout this process. Students need to ask questions and check to make sure they are on track for graduation. All Students should know what classes they need and what Regents Exams they need to graduate!! Counselor Assignments Ms. Diana O’Rourke Grades 9 &10 phone: x2353 Mrs. Colleen Albee Grades 11 & 12 phone: x2300 3 COUNSELING DEPARTMENT TIMELINE FOR COURSE SELECTION PROCESS January/ February Classroom visits by School Counselors (Grades 8-11) Read the Course Description Manual Complete the planning worksheet Consult present teachers, parents and counselors to discuss choices. Have individual or small group meetings with counselors Receive verification of course requests Contact Counseling Department if schedules need to be modified. A parent/counselor/student conference may be required. All requests for course modifications must be made by May 31, 2014 April Receive a copy of their 2014-2015 final course requests. These will be mailed home with the third quarter report card. June/July Receive a copy of their 2014-2015 list of scheduled classes. Please note schedules changes will not be made after June 30th. Students will have had numerous times to adjust their schedules. In an effort to have the start of school run effectively students will no longer be able to make a change beyond June 30th. The only changes to be made after June 30th will be related to summer school or at the discretion of school staff. August Receive a final copy of schedule prior to the first day of school. 4 NYS GRADUATION REQUIREMENTS Regents Diploma English Social Studies Science Math # of Credits 4 4 3 3 Health The Arts *Core Credits 1 Foreign Language(LOTE) Physical Education 2 Electives(LOTE, CTE, or The Arts/ or BOCES **Total Credits Required .5 1 15.5 1 2 Regents Exams Grade 11 Grade 10 &11 Must pass one Science exam Must pass the Common Core Regents/ Algebra exam NO NO Students will have to pass three credits in a Foreign Language 3.5 (+) 22 Students must score a 65% or higher on 5 Regents Exams in order to graduate with Regents Diploma. 1 Foreign Language: All students must complete one credit of foreign language. If they decide not to continue with the second and third year they must replace the three Foreign Language Elective credits with five credits in either 2Career and Technical Education (CTE) or The Arts. Advanced Regents Diploma English Social Studies Science Math Health The Arts *Core Credits 1 Foreign Language(LOTE) # of Credits 4 4 3 3 .5 1 15.5 1 (or 3) Physical Education 2 Electives(LOTE, CTE, or The Arts) 2 **Total Credits Required 22 Regents Exams/Common Core Grade 11 Grade 10 &11 Must pass two Science exams Must pass three math exams NO NO Must pass Regionally given Comprehensive Exam after Span 3**(see below) Students who take three credits in a Foreign Language must pass the Regionally given Comprehensive Exam 3.5 Students must score a 65% or higher on 8 Regents Exams in order to graduate. **1 Foreign Language: All students must complete one unit of a foreign language. If they decide not continue with the second and third year they must replace the three Foreign Language Elective credits with five credits in either 2Career and Technical Education (CTE) or The Arts. 5 ADVANCED COLLEGE PROGRAMS Advanced Placement (AP) The Advanced Placement program gives interested students opportunities both for college-level learning and for demonstrating their accomplishments through AP examinations. AP courses are offered in English & American History. The cost of the AP examination is approximately $85.00. It is expected that all students enrolled in AP courses will take the corresponding AP examination(s). Niagara University (NUSTEP): Calculus 1 (MAT 111) and Calculus 2 (MAT 112) are taught in conjunction with Niagara University. Students enrolled in NUSTEP will receive college credit hours upon successful completion of their course. An undergraduate tuition fee is required for these courses for those students who wish to receive college credit. These credits can be used toward a Baccalaureate Degree at Niagara University or may be transferred to another college. College Today Courses (GCC)-( Runs due to Senior Enrollment) Students may have an opportunity to take a College Level Course at the GCC Media Campus during their Senior year. This is year to year opportunity and will depend on students’ availability and interest. The School Counselors will share more information with students. CAP (College Acceleration Program) NCCC – Spanish 4 and 5 ( 3 college credits each course) Pre-Calculus (4 college credits) Tuition for these courses handled through NCCC. Course Change Policy The purpose of this policy is to support our students as they strive to meet high standards. Our goal is to prevent failure rather than react to it by students dropping out of courses. This process involves early identification and intervention through personal contact and conferencing so that all involved may work to promote success. As a result of increased graduation requirements established by New York State, in order to receive a high school diploma, students are required to take and to pass higher level courses. After June 30, 2014 students will not be able to drop a full year or a first semester course. It is VERY important that students keep the lines of communication open with their School Counselors as far as what they are thinking about for their future- we are able to assist you in selecting the best courses for you- based on your future plans… All students will have numerous opportunities over the course of 4 years to learn more about their personality, their strengthens and weaknesses… while participating in certain assessments such as : INVISIONIT, PSAT and ASVAB. Students are encouraged to do their best on these assessments so that accurate information and data can be used in their future planning! 6 ART COURSES CREATIVE CRAFTS 1 & 2 Participating in art classes at Royalton-Hartland C.S. helps children gain the tools necessary for understanding the human experience, adapting to and respecting others' ways of working and thinking, developing creative problem-solving skills, and communicating thoughts and ideas in a variety of ways. So, where do you begin? Start by remembering that teaching children about art is not just about showing them how to recognize a van Gogh or Picasso; it's about preparing young minds for a future of invaluable experiences, art related or otherwise. At Royalton-Hartland we offer a variety of classes that all students can experience no matter what their talent level may be. We encourage the students to explore and have fun learning about art and perhaps maybe make a career out of it when they graduate. The course selection for students enrolling in art for the 2014-15 school year will be as follows: - Studio in Art and Creative Crafts are introductory classes and need to be taken first and cannot be taken at the same time. - Creative Crafts II, drawing/painting, ceramics and independent/advance art are elective classes that are taken after the successful completion of Studio in Art and/or Creative Crafts 1, depending on each elective course prerequisite. When students select their art classes we must limit each student to 2 art classes per school year. 7 There is a one-unit graduation requirement in Music or Art. Students may pursue additional credits; Studio in Art is a prerequisite for most art classes. STUDIO IN ART Open to students in Grades 9 through 12 40 weeks - 1 credit Studio in Art is designed to recognize and understand the what, where and how of art. This course is designed as a foundation course for all students following an art sequence. Students will use the elements of art in a wide variety of two and three dimensional media, processes and techniques. They will also interpret and appreciate the major art movements and styles past and present. Class activities include: drawing and painting in pencil, charcoal, pastels, pen and ink, tempera, water color, lettering, perspective, art history, and sculpture. CREATIVE CRAFTS I Open to students in Grades 9 through 12 40 weeks - 1 credit This course is an art elective course that covers the realm of contemporary crafts including a brief history of their origin. Popular studio experiences such as weaving, copper tooling, paper-mache, 3-D construction, mask-making, and paper-quilling are some of the techniques to be explored. CREATIVE CRAFTS II Open to students in Grades 10, 11 and 12 Prerequisite: Creative Crafts I 40 weeks - 1 credit This course is an advanced approach to Creative Crafts I. There is a greater emphasis on individual exploration and higher quality craft making. These may include intricately cutting designs into specialty papers, mosaic tile work , and painting with dyes on fabric while utilizing batik techniques, 3-d additive or reductive sculpture, dyeing chicken and goose eggs: Ukrainian style, paper making and possibly bookbinding. There is additional concentration placed on aesthetics, art criticism and problem solving. CERAMICS Open to students in Grades 10, 11 and 12 Prerequisite: Studio in Art 40 Weeks 1 credit Ceramics is a high school elective for a full year. Students enrolled in this course will gain knowledge about the physical properties of ceramic materials through observation, experiments, and projects. They will increase their understanding of the possibilities and limitations of hand building techniques. Students will gain understanding and appreciation of ceramic art from a historical and cultural viewpoint. They will also analyze, interpret, and respond to the visual qualities of ceramic objects and discuss the place of ceramics in the world of art. DRAWING & PAINTING Open to students in Grades 10, 11 and 12 Prerequisite: Studio in Art The Drawing portion of this course is an advanced course based upon the skills and techniques developed in "Studio in Art." Areas of drawing are examined more extensively and include the use of charcoal, graphite, colored pencil, paint, pastel, and pen and ink. This course emphasizes an understanding of the two dimensional surface through a series of structured drawing problems including life, environment and models. Class work will enhance the student's ability to observe and execute. Painting includes involvement with advanced problems in acrylic painting, water color and mixed media. Areas of painting which are explored include the use of watercolor, tempera, acrylic, and mixed media. This course is designed to explore a variety of painting techniques through still life, landscape, figure and contemporary abstractions. Students will become familiar with color, surface, space and texture through projects that will encourage a professional philosophy and work habits. IND. ADVANCED ART Open to students in Grades 10, 11 and 12 Prerequisite: Studio in Art and Portfolio of Art Work 40 Weeks - 1 credit The Advanced Program is intended for the highly motivated student committed to serious study in Art. Students should, however, be made aware that Advanced Art work involves significantly more time than the typical high school course and that the program is not intended for the casually interested. It is recognized that the student will need to work outside the classroom, as well as in it, and beyond scheduled periods. Thus, students will be required to do homework such as maintaining a sketchbook, or a journal, with visits to museums and galleries considered extensions of class time. 8 ENGLISH COURSES Required Courses Grade 9 10 11 12 Required Course English 9 or 9E English 10 or 10E English 11 or Intro to AP English English 12 or AP English Regents Exam NO NO YES NO Elective Course Creative Writing ENGLISH 9 40 weeks _ 1 credit This Regents level course emphasizes the development of writing and reading skills as the first of three years' preparation for the Regents Comprehensive Examination in English. Writing activities will focus on essay format with special attention to skills required by the NYS Regents exam essay questions. Literature study will cover drama, the novel, short stories, essays and poetry. Students will read full-length works including: Romeo and Juliet, The Outsiders and Homer’s The Odyssey. ENGLISH 9 – E (Enriched) 40 weeks _ 1 credit This Regents level course emphasizes the development of writing and reading skills as the first of three years' preparation for the Regents Comprehensive Examination in English. Writing activities will focus on essay format with special attention to skills required by the NYS Regents exam essay questions. Literature study will cover drama, the novel, short stories, essays and poetry. Students will read full-length works including: Romeo and Juliet, The Outsiders and Homer’s The Odyssey. *Students who enroll in English 9-Enriched will be expected to do more independent reading and preparation to allow for a deeper discussion of course content and a higher level of engagement with relevant concepts and material. There are a limited number of seats available for this course. Enrollment will be based on grades, teacher recommendation and the completion of summer reading assignments.. ENGLISH 10 40 weeks - 1 credit In this Regents level course, world literature forms the basis for the study of the short story, the play, the essay, and the novel. Students will frequently do various forms of writing including expressive, narrative, expository and persuasive writing. English 10 reinforces much of what has been covered in English 9 and proceeds to prepare students for English 11 and the English Regents Exam. Greater emphasis is placed on the continued development of critical thinking skills in the context of writing, speech, and reading comprehension. Full-length works will be selected from the following: Of Mice and Men, Lord of the Flies, Julius Caesar, A Raisin in the Sun, Twelve Angry Men. 9 ENGLISH 10 – E (Enriched) 40 weeks - 1 credit In this Regents level course, world literature forms the basis for the study of the short story, the play, the essay, and the novel. Students will frequently do various forms of writing including expressive, narrative, expository and persuasive writing. English 10 reinforces much of what has been covered in English 9 and proceeds to prepare students for English 11 and the English Regents Exam. Greater emphasis is placed on the continued development of critical thinking skills in the context of writing, speech, and reading comprehension. Full-length works will be selected from the following: Of Mice and Men, Lord of the Flies, Julius Caesar, A Raisin in the Sun, Twelve Angry Men. *Students who enroll in English 10-Enriched will be expected to do more independent reading and preparation to allow for a deeper discussion of course content and a higher level of engagement with relevant concepts and material. There are a limited number of seats available for this course. Enrollment will be based on grades, teacher recommendation and the completion of summer reading assignments. ENGLISH 11 40 weeks - 1 credit This Regents level course stresses the major areas of literature, writing, grammar and speaking. A major focus of this course will be composition work geared toward preparing students for the Regents Comprehensive Exam in English and college level writing which includes, literary analysis, expository and creative writing. Literature study will concentrate on important American writers. Students will engage in extensive vocabulary and spelling work in preparation for PSAT, SAT and ACT tests and Regents exams. Full-length literature will be chosen from the following: Our Town, The Scarlet Letter, The Glass Menagerie, The Red Badge of Courage, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, To Kill A Mockingbird, and The Crucible. INTRO TO AP ENGLISH 11 40 weeks - 1 credit This course is intended for students who are recommended by English 10 teachers. Students will cover the same material as English 11 but on a more advanced level. More research and independent projects will be expected of students in this course. Students will be required to complete a summer reading project prior to taking the course ENGLISH 12 40 weeks - 1 credit English 12 is designed to give seniors the interpersonal skills required in college or the world of work. The course will focus on Communication Skills – Writing and Public Speaking, and Modern Literature. As a final requirement, all students will do a research paper using MLA format. ADVANCED PLACEMENT ENGLISH 12 40 Weeks - 1 credit In the AP course of English Literature and Composition, students are involved in both the study and practice of writing and the study of literature. Students will become more aware of the resources of language through speaking, listening, and reading and by the experience gained from their own writing. Emphasis will be made on use of the connotation, metaphor, irony, syntax, and tone. Effective use of language and the organization of ideas in a clear, coherent, and persuasive way will be the desired goals. As a prerequisite students must take Introduction to Advanced Placement English. Students must complete summer reading and writing to be eligible for the course. A fee must be paid to take the exam for AP credit. CREATIVE WRITING Open to Grades 11 and 12 40 Weeks - 1 credit This course is taken in addition to the required English courses, not in lieu of them. Students who participate in the course for 40 weeks will receive a five-unit sequence in English. Students will work on a variety of writing projects based on their own interests and the particular focus of the semester's study. These will include the novel, short story, poetry, specific themes, personal essays and expository writing. This will serve as excellent additional preparation for college level writing. This elective will be based on teacher availability and student interest. 10 FOREIGN LANGUAGE 11 SPANISH I Open to students in Grades 9 through 12 40 weeks - 1 credit This is a first level course, which serves as an introduction to the Spanish language and to the culture of the Spanish speaking world. This course is the equivalent of Spanish 7 and 8 combined. In Level I, students will be exposed to everyday Spanish used in practical situations. These situations will include topics such as asking and giving directions, ordering food, or making travel plans. Students will study the four basic skills of reading, writing, speaking, and listening. At this level, the main emphasis will be to develop speaking and listening skills, while reading and writing will be covered to a lesser extent. Integration of Spanish culture is an important aspect of the Level I course. Students learn about the hobbies, and interests of Spanish youth. This course is designed for students who have not yet completed the Level 1 graduation requirement. SPANISH II Open to students in Grades 9 through 12 Prerequisite: Spanish 7 and 8 or Spanish I 40 weeks - 1 credit Level II Spanish combines both a review of previously learned skills in Level I with the introduction of new vocabulary, grammar, and verbs. Students will continue to develop their listening and speaking skills. A greater emphasis will be placed on reading and writing skills. These four basic language skills will be developed through a variety of activities that will provide the student with the opportunity to communicate in real-life situations. Spanish culture will continue to be integrated into the course. At the conclusion of Spanish II, a local exam will be given. SPANISH III Open to students in Grades 10, 11 and 12 Prerequisite: Spanish II 40 weeks - 1 credit The skills acquired in Spanish I and II will be further developed in Spanish III to a level where the student can converse comfortably with fellow students and the teacher. Writing will be emphasized with an emphasis on organization, usage of new vocabulary, advanced grammatical structures and increased word count. Real life situations will provide the stimuli for communication. Grammar will continue to be studied and expanded upon. The students will have the opportunity to improve their listening skills through a variety of listening activities including Spanish movies, music, and recorded listening material on video and CD. Reading skills will be enhanced through Spanish magazines and newspapers, authentic documents, and abbreviated literary selections. At the end of Spanish III, the Regional Comprehensive Spanish Examination will be given. SPANISH IV / SPA 203 Open to students in Grades 11 or 12 Prerequisite: Spanish III 40 weeks - 1 credit Spanish IV offers students the opportunity to apply what they have learned in their previous years of Spanish. In a casual, relaxed atmosphere, the student will be encouraged to speak Spanish as much as possible. Writing skills will be refined through a periodic review of grammar already learned and the addition of some advanced grammar. The student will explore classic and contemporary Spanish music, art, literature, and culture. Students may also receive 3 college credit hours for this course through the Niagara County Community College CAP (College Acceleration) Program. Tuition is usually 1/3 the cost of regular tuition. Students who enroll in the CAP program will be enrolled in SPA 203 and will receive a college transcript from NCCC upon successful completion of the course .A final exam or final project is the final assessment. SPANISH V / SPA204 Open to students in Grade 12 Prerequisite: Spanish IV/SPA 203 40 weeks - 1 credit This course is designed for those who wish to continue to develop their proficiency in the Spanish language and is a continuation of the prerequisite course, Spanish IV/ SPA 203. Literature will be explored with an emphasis on oral skills and composition. The course content might best reflect intellectual interests shared by the students and teacher: the arts, history, current events, literature, culture, and materials will include recordings, films, newspapers, and magazines. Students may also elect to receive 3 college credit hours for this course through the NCCC CAP program. Tuition is usually 1/3 the cost of regular tuition. Students who enroll in the CAP program will be enrolled in SPA 204 and will receive a college transcript from NCCC upon successful completion of the course. A final exam or final project is the final assessment at the discretion of the instructor. 12 Humanities INDEPENDENT STUDY: Project Based Study This course is recommended for students who are interested in partaking in a compelling, self-designed learning experience. By creating a customized learning plan guided by an advisor, students will match personal interests with the preparation for academic and workplace success in the 21st century. Students taking this course of study will be involved with the in-depth exploration of authentic and important topics, constructing answers to real-life questions while strengthening leadership and organizational skills. The final project will consist of the creation of products that solve problems, explain dilemmas and/or present information generated through investigation, research and reasoning. Upon successful completion of the project, students will receive one half credit and letters of recommendation from the advisor and administrators. PSYCHOLOGY Open to students in Grades 11 and 12 20 weeks – ½ credit Psychology is the scientific study of human mental processes. Some topics studied will include Learning and Senses; Personality/Behavior/Mental Health; and Social Behavior/Interpersonal contact. A brief history of psychology will be discussed and we will conduct experiments that are appropriate for a high school class. Videos on pertinent issues will also be used when appropriate. SOCIOLOGY Open to students in Grades 11 and 12 20 weeks – ½ credit Sociology is the scientific study of human interaction. Some topics studied will include society, social structures; and social problems. The class will make use of multiple current event sources: including videos and magazines. Students will also be required to complete a final project. SERVICE LEARNING Open to students in Grades 10,11,12 Students can work with a teacher/ counselor to schedule peer tutoring The Student will assist younger students or peers with academic help as needed. Students should talk with their Counselor about this opportunity. Credit will be awarded at completion of the school year. 13 Math Courses Required Courses: *All Students Must Pass a minimum of one Regents Exam REQUIRED COURSE Pre Algebra REGENTS EXAM NO Common Core/ Regents Algebra 1 Common Core/ Regents Geometry YES Algebra YES Geometry Intermediate Algebra 2/Trigonometry NO Algebra 2/ Trigonometry Algebra 2 / Trigonometry Pre-Calculus (advanced Students) Students who struggle with math may take one of the following math electives in place of Algebra 2/Trigonometry (for their unit in Math) •Intermediate Algebra 2 and Trigonometry (1 credit) or • Problem Solving ½ credit And Consumer Math ½ credit ELECTIVES COURSES Pre Calculus (strongly recommended for accelerated students) Calculus 1 & 2 (strongly recommended for accelerated students) Problem-Solving/ Consumer Math 14 PRE – ALGEBRA Open to students in 9th grade by teacher and/or counselor recommendation 40 weeks – 1 credit This course is the first in a 2-year program designed to give students a stronger background in understanding the various branches of mathematics. Major topics in Pre-Algebra that are covered if time allows: The language of Algebra including expressions, equations, order of operations and properties, Integers: adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing, Addition and Subtraction Equations, solving equations with absolute value, mean median, mode and range, Multiplication and Division equations, multi-step equations and solving equations with variables on both sides, solving equation with grouping symbols ( ), [ ]or { }, Solving proportions, percent problems, percent of change and probability, Relations, Functions, and variation, Linear equations, slope, writing equations in pointslope form, writing equations in slope-intercept form, scatter plots, graphing linear equations, parallel and perpendicular lines, Powers and exponents, multiplying and dividing exponents, negative exponents, scientific notation, square roots, and the Pythagorean Theorem, Polynomials: adding and subtracting, multiply a polynomial by a monomial, multiply binomials and special products, Factoring, GCF, factoring trinomials, special products, Graphing quadratic functions (parabolas), solving quadratic equations by graphing or factoring, exponential functions, Solve inequalities, systems of equations and radicals ALGEBRA High School Algebra 1 Open to students in grades 9 and 10 40 weeks - 1 credit, Regents taken in June/ Common Core Exam Concepts broken into 5 modules: • Relationships between Quantities and Reasoning with Equations • Descriptive Statistics • Linear and Exponential Relationships • Expressions and Equations • Quadratic Functions and Modeling. GEOMETRY Open to students in Grades 9, 10, and 11 Regents/ Common Core Exam Prerequisite: Algebra 1 40 weeks - 1 credit Geometry is a continuation of Algebra and extends the student's knowledge in algebraic concepts, probability, and rectangular coordinate geometry. In addition, students will cover the following concepts: Mathematical Systems, Euclidean Geometry, Analytical Geometry, Logic Quadratic Equations, and Transformational Geometry, Locus, Similarity, and Probability. Emphasis will be placed more on the reasoning behind problems and proofs. Students will take the Geometry Regents Exam in June. INTERMEDIATE ALGEBRA 2/ TRIGONOMETRY Prerequisite: Algebra 1 and Geometry This is a one year course in mathematics for high school students. This course is based on the three year integrated Math Curriculum and meets the requirements for a Regents Diploma. An emphasis will be placed on problem solving, analysis, reasoning, patterns, modeling, measurement and functions. Examples of topics include but are not limited to: Factoring, Basic Trigonometry, Applications of Trigonometry, Solving Trigonometry Equations, etc. Students will work at a differentiated pace and be required to take a district final exam. ALGEBRA 2/TRIGONOMETRY Open to students in Grades10, 11 and 12 Prerequisite: Algebra 1 and Geometry All Students are required to bring their own TI-83 graphing calculator to class 40 weeks - 1 credit This course will review and study in more depth the main topics of Algebra I and Geometry and extend these topics to the complex Number System and Functions. Algebra 2/Trig offers a systematic development of Trigonometry through the study of circular functions, inverse functions, identities and trigonometric equations. Other important topics studied in great depth include Geometry of the Circle, Transformational Geometry, Relations and Functions, Exponential Functions, Logarithmic Functions, Trigonometric Applications, Statistics and Probability. Students will take the New York State Algebra/Trigonometry exam in June. 15 PRE-CALCULUS Open to students in Grades 11 and 12 Prerequisite: Algebra 2/Trigonometry 40 weeks - 1 credit This course is designed to review and build upon the Algebra 2/Trig curriculum in preparation for college level math courses. The emphasis is uniquely upon mastery of key concepts and algebraic procedures from all previous math courses. Therefore, a serious commitment to daily homework is required. Additionally, new topics of study will include polar coordinates, synthetic division, sinusoidal transformations, matrices, vectors, solving higher degree equations, conics, and statistical analysis. Niagara Community College (NCCC) awards 4 credit hours for this college-level course. The tuition fee is $248, payable by September. (This course is recommended for any student who intends to attend college, regardless of one’s intended major. Pre-Calculus prepares the student in the topics needed to meet the general college requirements for mathematics, and to continue successfully in mathematics at the college level, if necessary) COLLEGE-LEVEL CALCULUS I (Differential Calculus) Open to students in Grade 12 Prerequisite: Pre-Calculus COLLEGE-LEVEL CALCULUS 2 (Integral Calculus) Open to students in Grade 12 Prerequisite: College Calculus 1 (Calculus 1 is a double period course run for 20 weeks = 1 credit) (Calculus 2 is a double period course run for 20 weeks = 1 credit) These courses are offered to those students who have been accelerated and are seeking college credit for calculus. Calculus is the mathematics of change and motion. Differential Calculus involves finding the rate at which a variable quantity is changing. Integral Calculus deals with the problem of finding the function when the rate of change is given. The course involves a thorough study and mastery of the following topics: Cartesian Plane and Functions, Limits and Continuity, the Derivative and its Applications, the Integral and its Applications, Logarithmic and Exponential Functions, Trigonometric Functions, Integration Techniques, Integration Applications and Infinite Series. Niagara University prepares the midterm and final exams for both Calculus 1 and Calculus 2 and awards 4 credit hours per semester. The tuition fee is $260.00 each semester, plus registration fee of $20, payable in September and February. Math Electives (may be used as a 3rd math credit) NOTE: Students who have found previous math classes to be difficult are encouraged to enroll in the other math electives STATISTICS (NCCC College Level 3 credit course – Students can choose to pay for credit) MAT 146 Open to students in grades 11 and 12 Prerequisite- 2 or Math courses completed and passed a Regents exam This will be an introduction to statistical concepts including descriptive statistical, basic probability, probability distributions, estimation of parameters, hypothesis testing using one or two samples, correlation and regression. Computer applications and simulations are done using EXCEL, MINITAB, or technology tools. PROBLEM SOLVING STRATEGIES Open to students in Grades 11 and 12 Prerequisite: Student must have earned 2 credits in math and passed a Regents exam 20 weeks – ½ credit In this course students will learn specific techniques for solving problems ranging from simple to complex. “Brain teasers” are heavily involved. Much of the class time will be spent working in groups and presenting your solutions to the class. Specific problem solving techniques include: drawing a diagram, making a systematic list, eliminating possibilities, matrix logic, looking for patterns, guess and check, reducing to an easier problem, using manipulative, working backwards and others. CONSUMER MATH Open to students in Grades 11 and 12 Prerequisite: Student must have earned 2 credits in math and passed a Regents exam 20 weeks – ½ credit This math course will reinforce general math topics to include budgeting, taxation, credit, banking services, insurance, buying and selling products, homes and services and managing personal income and investment. 16 Music Courses Music Theory I Senior High Concert Band Senior High Chorus Senior High Orchestra 17 MUSIC There is a ONE unit graduation requirement in MUSIC or ART. Students who pursue a three or five unit sequence in Music must complete two or four units of performance music (Senior High Band, Senior High Chorus, or Senior High Orchestra) and Music Theory I. MUSIC THEORY I Prerequisite: 1 credit of Performance Music 40 weeks - 1 credit Music Theory 1 is designed to expand and enhance student knowledge of music fundamentals: notation, rhythm, Scales, tonality, key, modes, intervals, transposition, chords, cadences, nonharmonic tones, melodic organization, texture and vocabulary. Additional focus on music history, music analysis and music styles. CONCERT BAND Open to students in Grades 9 to 12 Prerequisite: Audition or recommendation of instructor 40 weeks - 1 credit This course provides opportunities for students to develop their musical potential and aesthetic understanding as they learn to play a woodwind, brass, or percussion instrument(s). Band rehearsals take place every day while small group lessons are scheduled every 7 – 10 days during times that rotate throughout the marking periods. Study will focus on acquiring, developing, and refining tone quality and technique, music reading capabilities, performance skills, team spirit, and responsible rehearsal/practice habits. Students will also work to improve listening skills and their ability to discuss music and music performances. Winter, Festival, and Spring concerts are course requirements. State and county music festival participation will be strongly encouraged. HIGH SCHOOL CHORUS Open to students in Grades 9 to 12 40 weeks - 1 credit This ensemble is designed for all students who wish to develop their musicianship through vocal training. The chorus yields 40 to 65 members. Chorus involves one scheduled rehearsal per day and one small group lesson per week. Lessons are scheduled on a rotating “pull-out” basis. Students will be exposed to a wide variety of vocal literature as well as having the opportunity to develop his/her personal vocal technique. Basic music skills are also developed and strengthened on a consistent daily basis throughout the year. This includes tonal and rhythm pattern recognition as well as daily sight-singing exercises. Performance evaluations are administered, periodically, to ensure that students are maintaining an appropriate level of achievement. Students are expected to participate in all Chorus activities including concerts, and are encouraged to participate in State and County competitions. ORCHESTRA Open to students in Grades 9 to 12 40 weeks - 1 credit Senior High Orchestra involves one scheduled rehearsal per day and one small group or individual lesson per week. Lessons are scheduled on a rotating “pull-out” basis, and students are expected to make up class work missed because of lessons. Students are expected to participate in all orchestra activities including concerts, and encouraged to participate in NYSSMA and NCMEA festivals and solo and ensemble competition. 18 Physical Education & Health PHYSICAL EDUCATION All Students grades 9-12 Required for Graduation 40 weeks - ½ credit (alternate days) All students attending Royalton-Hartland Schools are required to participate in Physical Education and receive a passing grade. Physical Education is a State required course of study. Each student will receive 1/2 credit for each year of successful completion of Physical Education for a four-year total of two credits. This credit must be earned to complete requirements for graduation. Emphasis is placed upon a program of sequential instruction which is directed toward the student's individual needs and which covers a wide range of activities such as basic athletic skills, self-testing activities, lifetime sports, physical fitness, and team sports activities. Students are required to dress in appropriate P.E. clothing. A student who is physically unable to attend classes must secure a written excuse from a physician. The school nurse or physical education instructor may issue temporary excuses which do not exceed two weeks. Grading is based upon participation, preparedness, ability, effort, and a written skills test. HEALTH Open to students in Grades 10, 11 and 12 Required for Graduation 40 weeks – ½ credit (alternate days) The Senior High School Health course consists of ten modules dedicated to developing a mentally and physically wellrounded individual. This course is recommended for students entering their junior year of high school but enrollment is open to all high school grade levels upon request. The modules attempt to address the contemporary problems that confront teenagers of today and are as follows: health is basic; being physically fit, locating health resources, promoting health in families, handling stress, improving health and safety in the workplace and preventing injuries, protecting oneself and others, eating well, preventing disease and understanding sexuality. 19 SCIENCE COURSES Required Courses: *Required Course *Earth Science Regents Exam YES *Living Environment YES Students must have at least more of the following courses to completed 3rd Science: Elective Courses Advanced Biology (For College Credit) Forensic Science Environmental Science Chemistry (Regents Exam) Physics (Regents Exam) 20 SCIENCE PHYSICAL SETTING: EARTH SCIENCE Open to students Grades 9 through 12 40 weeks - 1 credit Earth Science is a study of the earth, the materials composing it, the processes acting upon it, and its environment and history. Completion of the minimum of 1200 minutes of laboratory activities is a course requirement. The culminating assessment is a New York State Regents examination. Typically this course is taken during 9 th or 10th grade. LIVING ENVIRONMENT Open to students in Grades 9 through 12 40 weeks - 1 credit Living Environment is intended to provide a basic understanding of the general areas of Biology. These areas include the Study of Life, both at biochemical and metabolic levels, energy transformations, the study of the process of aerobic respiration and photosynthesis in both plants and animals, reproduction and development, heredity, evolution, and ecology. Completion of the minimum of 1200 minutes of laboratory exercises is a course requirement. Students will take the New York State Regents Examination in June. PHYSICAL SETTING: CHEMISTRY Open to students in accelerated sophomores, and students in grades 11 and 12 40 weeks - 1 credit This course is designed to help the student develop an interest in a career in the pure science or research areas as well as an attitude of curiosity and involvement in natural events. Values and inclination towards problem solving in a scientific manner, plus knowledge of facts, terminology, concepts, and principles will help the student interpret information and data. The student will learn to handle, construct, and manipulate materials and equipment safely, as well as to measure, organize, and communicate scientific information. Completion of a minimum of 1200 minutes of laboratory exercises is a course requirement. The culminating activity is a New York State Regents Examination. PHYSICAL SETTING: PHYSICS Open to accelerated juniors and students in grade 12 40 weeks - 1 credit This Regents level course combines lectures, discussions, laboratory exercises and demonstrations to present the course content. The course contains content in five core units, which are tested on part one of the NYS Regents Exam. A minimum of two optional units will be presented and those are tested in part two of the exam. Generally, three to four of these optional units will be presented to give the student a choice on part two of the exam. Part three of the exam is a free response section based on the core material. This course is designed to present the basics of physics to those who will be pursuing a career in the sciences, a medical field, or engineering. 1200 minutes of laboratory exercises are required in order to qualify for the NYS Regents Exam. ADVANCED BIOLOGY Open to students in Grade 12 Prerequisite: Earth Science, Living Environment & Chemistry. Physics is recommended. This class is the equivalent of college-level courses, Biology 101 and 102. It is broken up into three main areas of study: “Molecular & Cellular Biology”, “Organismal Biology” and “Population Biology”. Topics of instruction include inorganic chemistry, biochemistry, cytology, histology, energy systems, genetics and evolution. There is no formal lab associated with Advanced Biology. A large amount of post-secondary scientific reading is required for students to achieve high levels of success. Course tests are challenging, but fair. In order to earn college credit, students must take the College Level Examination Program (CLEP) examination from College Board. A student could earn up to (6) college credits based upon their performance on this final exam. The latest available cost of the CLEP examination is approximately $100.00. Students are able to learn more about this program and can check to see if their prospective college accepts CLEP credit by visiting http://clep.collegeboard.org/ 21 FORENSIC SCIENCE 40 weeks- 1 credit Prerequisite: Students must have successfully completed the living environment course and Regents exam and one course in the physical setting: earth science, chemistry or physics. 40 weeks- 1credit The course allows the student to investigate the science of evidence. Throughout the fall semester students will assume the role of a crime scene investigator. They will learn how various forms of evidence are scientifically collected, tested and interpreted. The evidence for this course will include the study of microscopy through examination of the physical properties of glass, soil, sand and paint. DNA analysis, document analysis (i.e.: handwriting, typewriting, paper and ink analysis, forgery and voice patterns). This course will also explore the topics within the disciplines of the study of botany and feature the analysis of organic and inorganic evidence. Legal debates, case study readings, field trips and computer projects will also be required in this course. Throughout the spring semester, students will assume the role of a crime scene investigator. They will learn how to collect, and interpret scientifically. The evidence for this course will include the study and interpretation of prints (finger, lips, teeth, shoe, and eye) forensic toxicology of drugs, alcohol, poisons, and trace evidence such as hair, fibers and paint. Forensic serology collection techniques and investigations include laboratory handling and testing on samples of simulated body fluids (i.e.: blood, sweat, and tears), measurements of crime scenes and more. Legal debates, case study readings, field trips, computer projects will also be required in this course. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 40 weeks – 1 credit Prerequisite: Students must have successfully completed the living environment course and the Regents and one course in the physical setting: earth science, chemistry or physics. Environmental Science is a 40-week course designed to promote learning about the natural environment. The goal is to equip students with the knowledge and hands-on skills needed to effectively evaluate resource management practices and use critical thinking skills to proficiently analyze complex environmental issues. Areas covered include wildlife, forestry, aquatics, soils and current environmental issues of interest. Course work will require students to work in teams, investigate issues and develop cooperative problem-solving and decision-making skills while considering environmental, social and economic factors affecting our environment. The final mission is to enable students to become skilled and dedicated citizens willing to contribute in maintaining a balance between quality of life and quality of the environment. 22 SOCIAL STUDIES COURSES Required Courses: Required Course Regents Exam Global Studies 9 Global Studies 9 E NO Global Studies 10 Global 10 E YES US History or YES AP History YES Participation in Government & Economics NO Elective Courses: Niagara County Legislative Internship (can be used in place of PIG if student is chosen to participate- See Mrs. Albee for details) SOCIAL STUDIES GLOBAL HISTORY 9 OR 9E 40 weeks - 1 credit This course provides students with the historic, economic, social and political background of the major non-western cultural regions of the world and the ability to understand the multi-ethnic nature of those cultures. In doing so the course aims to foster a global outlook and to cultivate the knowledge, skills and attitudes needed to function effectively in an increasingly interdependent world. At the end of the course students should be able to compare and contrast ideas, peoples and events across the globe. Successful completion of a local final exam will be expected at the end of the course. Information learned in this course will be tested as part of the Global Studies 10 NYS Regents exam. GLOBAL HISTORY 9 E / OR 10E (Enriched) Students who enroll in Global 9 Enriched will be excepted to do more independent reading and preparation to allow for a deeper discussion of course content and a higher level of engagement with relevant concepts and material. There are a limited number of seats available for this course. Enrollment will based on grades, teacher recommendation and the completion of summer reading assignments. 23 GLOBAL HISTORY 10 OR 10E 40 weeks - 1 credit The course will continue a cultural study that started with Global 9. Students will study the world from the 1800’s to present. The class will study culture, geography, religion and many other aspects of our world. The concept of global interdependence will be discussed throughout the year. At year's end, students must pass the NYS Global Studies Regents exam. This is a graduation requirement. UNITED STATES HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT 40 weeks - 1 credit The United States History and Government course is divided into six major historical units. The first unit, Constitutional foundations of the U.S. is by far the most important as it is necessary to master the Constitution to understand the later development of the U.S. This first unit takes 10 weeks to complete. The second unit deals with the industrialization of the U.S. from 1865 to 1920 and its impact on cultural, political, and economic change. The Progressive Movement is the subject of the third unit, and its impact on reform. Our fourth unit focuses on prosperity and depression at home and abroad 1917 to 1940. The fifth unit discusses the U.S. in an age of global crisis and the reasons for our shift from isolation to international leadership during the Cold War. Our sixth unit, The World in Uncertain Times stresses the growing interdependence of nations and the role of the U.S. in global affairs as well as social, economic, and political changes facing the U.S. today. In each unit, students must demonstrate their ability to interpret document-based questions and to write an appropriate essay response. At year's end students must pass the United States History NYS Regents exam. AP AMERICAN HISTORY Open to students in Grades 11 and 12 based on teacher recommendation 40 weeks - 1 credit AP American History is an in-depth look at our nation's past orientated to the eleventh and twelfth grade student. A chronological approach to United States history is presented in this course. The numerous units span the discovery and settlement of the New Worlds during the Age of Exploration to the United States in current times. AP United States History can be substituted for the State mandated course of United States History and Government as a graduation requirement. The Advanced Placement program affords high school students the opportunity to gain college credit and advance their standing at selected colleges. In May, students enrolled in the AP program take the AP exam. Upon passing the examination, students begin reviewing for the Regents exam in American History. It is suggested that students taking this course have an 85 or above average in 9th and 10th grade Global Studies. A summer assignment is mandatory for students enrolling in this class. ECONOMICS Open to students in Grade 12 20 weeks – ½ credit Economics is a graduation requirement for all seniors. The course is divided into four topic areas: fundamental concepts, microeconomics, macroeconomics, and international economics. Each is approximately 5 weeks in duration. The basic or fundamental concepts unit lays the ground work for the following units. Microeconomics introduces the student to methods of measurements and comparison, and how economics may be used by individuals and societies to make decisions. It includes topics such as economic systems, supply, demand and price determination. Macroeconomics concerns itself with the study of the economy as a whole. The components include items of measurement such as GDP, CPI, and employment rates; business cycles; and the government’s role in the economy. The international economics strand looks at the reasons why nations trade and the various advantages and disadvantages of inter-dependence. PARTICIPATION IN GOVERNMENT Open to students in Grade 12 20 weeks – ½ credit Participation in Government is a course required of all seniors, designed to encourage direct student involvement in the political process. Students will discuss public policy issues; identify social problems and implement, if possible, social change. 24 NIAGARA COUNTY LEGISLATIVE INTERNSHIP Open to students in Grades 11 and 12 by teacher recommendation (Students need to apply in Spring of their Junior Yearsee your Counselor for information 20 weeks – ½ credit Students will engage in a program of off campus activities that involve working with and observing the Niagara County Legislature. Students will work in the capacity of an intern, exploring the mechanics of our County Government. Each student will attend a variety of legislative sessions with a Legislator sponsor, attend committee meetings, tour the County Jail, and record notes in a journal of information received from guest lecturers. Students will also sponsor a resolution presented at a "mock" legislative session at the conclusion of the semester. This course can be used in lieu of the required Participation in Government course. (See Mrs. Albee for details on Internship) 25 Technology Courses DDP- DRAFTING/CAD ADVANCED CAD INTERIOR DESIGN INDEPENDENT CAD STUDY MICROCOMPUTER APPLICATION MATERIAL PROCESSING ADVANCED MATERIAL PROCESSING IND. STUDY PRINCIPLES OF ENGINEERING PROGRAMMING/ WEB DESIGN ENERGY / TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM MANUFACTURING 26 Design/CAD Track DDP-Drafting/ CAD (40 weeks 1 credit) Manufacturing (40 weeks 1 credit) Interior Design (40 weeks 1 credit) Advanced CAD (40 weeks 1 credit) Independent CAD Study (40 weeks 1 credit) DDP-Drafting/ CAD Prerequisite – None/Open to students in Grades 9 through 12 40 weeks-1 credit Technical Drawing is an introduction to the world of drafting. The students will be exposed to drafting equipment, basic drafting principles, general drawing concepts, and industry standards. Hand drafting will allow the students an opportunity to explore design, learning basic drafting concepts that will be carried forward into other design classes. Introduction to CAD explores the computer-aided design software, AutoCAD. Basic drawing and editing commands will be presented, giving the students the skills to begin to draw single view, multiview, and pictorial view drawings. Students will explore the basics of CAD using industry standards. A modern, hands-on approach through the use of tutorials and basic projects provide students an immediate opportunity to start drawing. Students will continue to develop drafting techniques using AutoCAD. Throughout the semester, students will continue to be challenged with new projects resulting in a collection of drawings for a portfolio. Topics to be included: industry standards, measurement, scale, basic lettering and dimensioning, single view drawings, multi-view drawings, CAD history, applications, industry standards, design concepts, basics of AutoCAD, drawing management, soft & hard copies of drawings Recommended course: if planning to pursue additional technology coursework. Evaluation: drawings, projects, tests/quizzes Articulation Agreement with NCCC – upon successful completion of this course, students may receive college credit Manufacturing Prerequisite –DDP/CAD 40 weeks-1 credit This course offers the student an opportunity to explore the design process, from conception to engineered product. They will be given design challenges, including a variety of criteria, to which they will brainstorm, generate concepts/ideas/possible solutions, which in turn will be produced, creating a finished product. This class provides opportunities in design and drawing through creative thinking, decision making, and problem-solving experiences. Students will be given issues/problems, which in turn, they will need to design/draw in CAD, develop a prototype, and produce a viable solution. This project oriented course, will develop advanced CAD techniques. Each student will continue to develop their own portfolio, including a compilation of completed work for this course. Evaluation: drawings, projects, tests/quizzes Articulation Agreement with NCCC – upon successful completion of this course, students may receive college credit 27 Interior Design Prerequisite –DDP/ CAD 40 weeks – 1 credit This course introduces the individual students to the world of finishes, including hard and soft surfaces. They will explore the world of interior and exterior finish materials, from floor to ceiling. Student projects will be included in the course for hands on learning. Topics to be covered: aesthetics, color theory, symmetry, combining elements, material codes, presentation skills Required Equipment: Computers, AutoCAD software, existing textbooks, handouts, measuring tools Evaluation: drawings, projects, tests/quizzes Advanced CAD Prerequisite –DDP/CAD (40 weeks – 1 credit) Stepping it up a notch, Advanced CAD presents the more sophisticated functions of AutoCAD and other three-dimensional software. Students will develop assembly drawings, three dimensional views, and multi-view drawings. More complex tutorials with advanced projects will challenge students to improve accuracy, speed, and enhance their drawing skills. Students will explore techniques for Architecture, Engineering, Machine, Electrical, and Mechanical drafting in a professional environment. Throughout the course, students will continue to be challenged with new projects, resulting in a collection of drawings. The use of portfolios will be explored. Each student will begin to develop their own portfolio, including a compilation of completed work. At the end of the semester, students will communicate their knowledge of CAD and techniques via drawings and computer design projects. Topics to be included: symbols, intelligent symbols, basic three dimensional drawing, paperspace, portfolios Evaluation: drawings, projects, tests/quizzes Independent CAD Study Prerequisite –DDP/CAD, Adv. CAD, & Design/Development/Production or Architectural/Structural SENIORS ONLY and teacher recommendation 40 weeks - 1 credit This course offers the student an opportunity to explore the design process, from conception to engineered product. They will be given design challenges, including a variety of criteria, to which they will brainstorm, generate concepts/ideas/possible solutions, which in turn will be produced creating a finished product. This is a higher level course, requiring students to be self-motivated. Students must pull from their experiences and prior design classes, allowing them to be free thinking and innovative. Topics/Projects to be included: student influenced design areas, complete drawing sets, model building Evaluation: drawings, projects, research 28 Engineering Track Traditional Engineering Computer Engineering Materials processing (40 Weeks 1 credit) Microcomputer Applications (40 Weeks 1 credit) Advanced Materials Processing (40 Weeks 1 credit) Programming/Web Design (40 Weeks 1 credit) Energy/Transportation Systems (40 Weeks 1 credit) Principles of Engineering (40 week 1 credit) Microcomputer Applications Open to students in Grades 9 through 12 40 weeks – 1 credit Basic Computer Literacy is a full year course designed to expose students to typical home and office use of Windows operating system computers. Students will explore Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, Internet Explorer, Windows operating system, Power Point, and Microsoft Publisher. Advanced Computer Literacy is a half year course designed to expose students to more advanced home and office use of Windows operating system computers. Students will explore more advanced functionality of Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, and Microsoft Publisher. Available as a CAP College Course through NCCC – Course fees apply Materials Processing Open to students in Grades 10 through 12 40 weeks – 1 credit Materials Processing is a half year course designed to expose students to industrial production of plastics, metals, and woods. Concepts to be explored will involve the design process, special relations, measurement, atomic structures, identification of tools and proper use, and production. Some projects in this course might include a picture frame, chessboard, and plexi-glass bookstand. Principals of Engineering Open to students in Grades 10 – 12 40 weeks – 1 credit MST is a hand-on technology class in which students will be exploring science and math principles through hands on projects. In the class, not only will the students learn how things operate, they then will build a working model for each topic. For example students will learn about displacement and then design and build a boat that uses the principles, these project made be built out of unorthodox materials. Have you ever seen a concrete boat float? 29 Advanced Materials Processing Independent Study Open to students in Grades 11 & 12 40 weeks – 1 credit Students in this course will apply their prerequisite knowledge from the Materials Processing course offered to freshman and sophomores. This course is student directed where the teacher acts as a facilitator guiding students through their pre-approved self-directed projects. Programming & Web Design Prerequisite: successful completion of 1st semester of Math A or its equivalent and Basic Computer Literacy 40 weeks – 1 credit Students in this course will become fluent in the HTML and Java Script programming languages. With them, they will design both static and active web pages integrating text, frames, graphics, links, tables, forms, pop-ups, scrolling objects, form validation, cookies, and shopping carts.. Students will also be introduced to Dreamweaver: an industry standard Web composer. They will learn to add more functionality to their web pages by integrating links, layout skills, frames, forms, style sheets, image maps, and animation. A student successful in this course will: 1. Control computerized devices and systems through programming 2. Use appropriate graphic and electronic tools and techniques to process information 3. Use a variety of equipment and software packages to enter, process, display, and communicate information in different forms using text, tables, pictures, and sound Final Assessment: written and portfolio assessment required. Energy & Transportation Open to students in Grades 10 through 12 40 weeks - 1 credit This course emphasizes the introduction to energy sources and supplies. It explores the following energy technologies: solar, fossil fuels, nuclear fission, nuclear fusion, and geothermal energy. Types of energy conversion systems and energy conservation will be included. This course will also include a comprehensive study of today’s transportation. If you like taking things apart, this is the course for you! Transportation systems will be examined from three perspectives: land transportation, aerospace transportation and marine transportation. Survey Track A student deciding to follow a survey track in technology would take a variety of basic technology course offerings. The courses would cover the basics of each technology area. For example: Technical Drafting, Into to CAD, Intro to Computers, Materials… This would give students an overview of tech courses. 30
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