Mona Heurgren2, 2011, Vantaa [Compatibility Mode]

A new logic for co-morbidity and
complications in Sweden –
NordDRG-CC
Mona Heurgren
Head of Unit
Unit for development of Quality and Efficiency
Studies
The National Board of Health and Welfare
Sweden
Agenda
• The scoop and benefits of case-mix adjustments
• Background and acknowledgements of the
project
• Goals and Method
• Results
• Areas of use
• The use in Sweden 2012 and 2013
The scoop of case-mix
adjustments
• The idea of case-mix is to adjust for differences in
severity of illness, medical practice or risk for
mortality in a defined group of patients/inhabitants or
other populations
• The current NordDRG system adjusts primly for severity
of illness and medical practice per case for patients
treated in hospitals
• International development of case-mix systems suggests
that more levels for co-morbidity and complications should
be introduced to improve performance of the system s
Main reasons to improve NordDRGs
ability to adjust for case-mix
• To improve how to describe performance with DRGs (ex
to be used for productivity and efficiency studies)
• A better adjustment for case-mix when comparing hospital
performance in health care (Benchmarking)
• To improve the analysis of differences in case-mix at
hospitals
• To improve how to describe hospital processes and
performance
• To develop better prospective payment systems and
budgeting methods within hospitals
• To achieve a higher acceptance for DRGs in the
professional community
Background
• During the last decade there has been an
ongoing discussion about the need to improve the
DRGs ability to describe co-morbidity and/or
complications
• Several countries have already done the
development work and changes in their DRGsystems (US, Canada, Australia)
• The coding of bi-diagnoses in the Sweden has
not had sufficient quality for the development
work. The latest years the coding in Sweden has
improved significantly (average 2.6 per case).
Acknowledgements
• The project is financed by the Swedish Ministry of Heath
and Welfare
• The project group represents a mix of different
competences. Economist, physicians, statistician and
medical secretary.
– Per Sjöli
Project leader
– Mona Heurgren
Project owner
– Mats Fernström
Medical advisor
– Ralph Dahlgren
Medical advisor
– Gunnar Henriksson
Medical advisor
– Liselotte Säll
Secretary
– Åke Karlsson
Statistician
– Anders Jacobsson
Statistician
– Martti Virtanen
Technical and medical advisor
The aim of the Project
• To develop a new logic within the NordDRGsystem for co-morbidity and/or complications
(CC-logic)
• To produce logic tables and software products for
Sweden to be used in 2012
Method
• To learn from others, there has been no possibility to develop a total
new system – would require both more data and resources
• Solution
– To use the method of the Federal government DRG-office (CMS)
in the US, the MS (Medicare Severity) -DRG system
– The logic can be found at the internet
• Development work
- To translate ICD9CM to ICD10 diagnoses
– To verify bi-diagnoses significance with volume and cost data
– Manually grouping and validation of the new logic from both a
medical, statistical and economical perspective with respect to the
criteria's for changing the NordDRG system
– Production of definition tables and databases
Criteria's for changing DRGs
• The variation (cv) in the new groups should
decrease with at least 5%
• The new group should embrace at least 3% of the
original volume
• The average cost difference between the new
group and the old group should at least be 20%
• The overall performance in the system should
improve or the change must at least not have a
negative impact
Results
NordDRG-CC
• A new logic is developed, a production version
for 2012 will be available in November 2011
• NordDRG-CC is decided to be de only version
in Sweden 2013
• The new logic means mainly more groups for comorbidity and/or complication cases and a
change of the age groups (1-17 years)
• New levels: No CC/CC/MCC (Major CC) or
groups that are un-splitted (OBS they can be very
complicated groups!)
NordDRG-CC
• About 750 groups in somatic inpatient care
• In Sweden there is an additional of 400 groups for
outpatient care
• Fewer groups for children (0-17 years)
• No change from the current system for neonatal
care, psychiatry, rehabilitation and outpatient care
• New codes and enumeration
Major small & large bowel procedures
, DRG 148 o 149
CC-grupperare
NordDRG 2010
no CC
No: 3 186
Cost:96 628 SEK
CV:41%
149, no CC
No: 3 368
Cost:95 281 SEK
CV:45%
All 148/149
No: 6 164
Cost: 117 528 SEK
CV:59%
CC
No:6 635
Cost:124 731 SEK
CV:51%
148, CC
No: 2 907
Cost:150 757 SEK
CV:60%
MCC
No: 1 212
Cost:190 957 SEK
CV:59%
MCD-structure
Letter
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
R
S
T
U
V
W
U
X
Y
Z
MDC
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
30
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
21
22
23
24
40
50
99
Sjukdomar i nervsystemet
Sjukdomar i öga och närliggande organ
Sjukdomar i öra, näsa, mun och hals
Andningsorganens sj ukdomar
Ci rkulationsorganens sjukd omar
Matsmältningsorganens sjukdomar
Sjukdomar i lever, gallväga r och bukspottkörtel
Sjukdomar i muskler, skelett och bindväv
Sjukdomar i hud och underhud
Bröstkörtelsjukdomar
Hormonella sjukdoma r, ämnesomsättnings- och näringssjukdomar
Sjukdomar i njure och urinvägar
Sjukdomar i manliga könso rg an
Sjukdomar i kvinnliga könsorgan
Gravi ditet, förlossning och barnsängstid
Nyfödda och vissa perinatala tillstånd
Blodsjukdomar och immunol ogiska rubbningar
Sjukdomar i blodbildande organ och icke specifika tumörer
Infektions- och parasitsjukdomar inklusive HIV
Psykiska sjukdomar, beteendestörningar och alkohol- e ller drogberoende
Skador, förgiftningar och to xiska effekter
Brännskador
Andra och ospecificerade hälsoproblem
Multipelt trauma utom ytli ga skador och sårskador
MDC-övergripande problem i öppenvård
Vårdgivarberoende grupper i öppe nvård
Ospecifik eller felaktig i nformation
The letter is the first position in the DRG-code
DRG-codes - CC
L e tte r
In/o ut
pat
A
C
E
N
O
P
Q
X
Y
Z
IN
IN
IN
IN
O UT
O UT
O UT
O UT
O UT
O UT
C C -s p lit
MC
CC
No
No
No
CC
No
No
No
No
T yp e o f v is i t
C
CC
sp l it
sp l it
CC
sp l it
sp l it
sp l it
S i n g l e v is it
S i n g l e v is it
S i n g l e v is it
T e a m vi si t
G r o u p v is it
T e le p h o n e
co n su lta tio n s
Example:
Code: DRG-text:
A03A Intercraniell surgery for tumor, MCC
E07E Coronar bypass, No CC
H10P Major knee surgery, CC
NordDRG
(001A)
(107A/107C)
(222P)
Advantages so far
• Describes case-mix better
• Better description of the most sick patients
• Reduced variance in most groups; i.e a more cost
homogenic system – big differences between the
levels
• Insensitive to better primary coding
• Follows international development trends
• Higher acceptance within the profession
• More information within the coding system
• Better outlier information
Differences in average costs for splited DRGs
Factor 2,50
MCC
Factor 1,42
CC
No
CC
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
1,4
1,6
1,8
2
2,2
2,4
2,6
2,8
Distribution CC-level per age group
38
CC distribution per County
01 Stockholm
03 Uppsala
04 Södermanland
05 Östergötland
06 Jönköping
07 Kronoberg
08 Kalmar
09 Gotland
10 Blekinge
12 Skåne
BAS
13 Halland
CC
14 Västra Götaland
MCC
17 Värmland
18 Örebro
19 Västmanland
20 Dalarna
21 Gävleborg
22 Västernorrland
23 Jämtland
24 Västerbotten
25 Norrbotten
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
55%
60%
65%
70%
75%
80%
85%
90%
95% 100%
Other findings – CC versus
NordDRG
• DRG-points get lower for private selected care
• DRG-points get higher for deceased patients and
for acute care patients
• DRG-points get slightly higher for University
hospitals but not mutch
• Small differences in DRG-points on county level
and for most hospitals
• Better overall explenatory value
Disadvantages?
• Initial administration when introducing a new
system
• Change of codes and weight lists mean more work
to hospitals and counties initially
• A need to develop information activities from
national level and form local levels
• More groups will produce some more annual
administration and maybe when calculation weights
NordDRG CC - the future
• The project will end this year.
• The Region of Västra Götaland, County of Halland, The
County of Uppsala and the Southern Region in Sweden
are going to use the CC-version 2012. All counties are
going to use the system Sweden in 2013.
• National weight list has been developed and published on
the web-site.
• Some adjustments of NordDRG CC will be performed
during next year.
• The other Nordic countries?
Web-adress:
www.socialstyrelsen.se