2013 Coaches Manual Division A ! 1!
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 2013 Coaches Manual Division A Hawaii State Science Olympiad ! ! ! ! ! 1! Table&of&Contents! ! TABLE&OF&CONTENTS!………………………………………………………………………………………!!2! ! INTRODUCTION&&………………………………………………………………………………………………!!3! ! STARTING&A&TEAM!!...............................................................................................................................!3! ELEMENTARY&TOURNAMENT&BIG&PICTURE!!.........................................................................!!4! ! SCORING!........................................................................................................................................!5! ! TEAM!...............................................................................................................................................!6! ! COACH!.............................................................................................................................................!6! ! COST!.................................................................................................................................................!6! ! 2013&ESO&EVENTS&...................................................................................................................&7& & 3,2,1,!BLAST!OFF!!.......................................................................................................................!9! ! ALL!CHARGED!UP!.....................................................................................................................!11! ! ALL!IN!THE!FAMILY!................................................................................................................!12! ! BACKYARD!BOTANY!!..............................................................................................................!13! ! BRIDGE@A@RONI!........................................................................................................................!14! ! CHEW!THE!FAT!!........................................................................................................................!16! ! DESCRIBE!IT,!BUILD!IT!..........................................................................................................!17! ! FIRST!IN!FLIGHT........................................................................................................................!18! ! MEASUREMENT!MANIA.........................................................................................................!20! ! MOVERS!AND!SHAKERS..........................................................................................................!21! ! NEWTON’S!NOTIONS!...............................................................................................................!22! ! PLANET!PROTECTORS!............................................................................................................!23! ! RAMP!‘N’!ROLL.............................................................................................................................!24! ! ROCK!STAR!....................................................................................................................................!26! ! SCIENCE!SKETCHERS.................................................................................................................!27! ! SUPER!SLEUTHS!..........................................................................................................................!29! ! SKY!QUEST......................................................................................................................................!31! ! WEATHER!PERMITTING...........................................................................................................!32! ! & & & ! 2! Introduction& & Now,!more!than!ever,!Hawaii’s!students!must!improve!their!performance!in!science.!!This!is! especially!true!at!the!elementary!level!where!students!are!building!their!knowledge!base!that!will! serve!as!a!gateway!for!future!science!courses!and!ultimately!career!choices.!!The!elementary!years! are!important!for!influencing!young!students’!perceptions!about!science.!!It!is!during!these!years! that!students,!if!taught!science!in!a!hands@on,!problem@based!manner,!begin!to!develop!important! lifelong!science!literacy!skills!such!as!problem!solving,!critical!thinking,!self@regulated!learning!and! team!work.!!With!the!added!pressure!of!testing!and!future!occupations!moving!rapidly!in!the! direction!of!science,!technology,!engineering,!and!mathematics!(STEM),!it!is!important!that!students! and!educators!benefit!from!every!opportunity!they!are!given!to!further!their!science!education.!!The! Hawaii!State!Elementary!Science!Olympiad!program!will!improve!the!learning!of!science!for!all! students!and!celebrate!their!efforts.! The!purpose!of!this!manual!is!to!support!schools,!non@profits,!home!schools,!and!other!interested! groups!in!competing!in!the!Hawaii!State!Science!Olympiad!Elementary!Program.! Starting&a&Team& ! There!will!be!three!ESO!tournaments!during!the!2013!@!2014!school!year:! • Le!Jardin!Academy!Elementary!Tournament!(Oahu)!@!Saturday,!April!26th,!2014! • UH@West!Oahu!Elementary!Tournament!(Oahu)!@!TBA! • St.!Anthony's!Elementary!Tournament!(Maui)!@!Saturday,!May!3,!2014! Schools!and!groups!may!have!up!to!two!teams!(of!up!to!15!students)!competing!in!a!tournament.!!A! $75!registration!fee!is!paid!for!each!team!registered.!!Hawaii!State!Science!Olympiad!(HSSO)!posts! on!its!website!the!elementary!tournaments!that!currently!exist.!!Schools!or!groups!that!are! interested!in!participating!in!a!tournament!can!visit!(http://www.hsso.org)!for!more!information! and!to!register!their!team.! & & & & ! 3! Elementary&Big&Picture! Most!people!have!never!been!to!a!Science!Olympiad!tournament.!!This!is!a!problem!because!it!is! difficult!to!participate!in!something!when!one!is!not!sure!what!to!expect.!!This!is!not!a!science!fair! and!runs!nothing!like!a!science!fair.!!This!section!is!written!to!give!the!reader!a!“Big!Picture”!of!what! a!tournament!day!is!like.! During!an!elementary!Science!Olympiad!tournament!in!Hawaii,!eighteen!events!are!run!in!three! different!time!periods.!!A!sample!tournament!is!given!below:! ! Times& ! 7:45!–!8:25! 8:30!–!8:55! Period&1!(9:00!–!10:10!a.m.)! ! ! ! Events& ! Registration! Opening!Ceremony! Super!Sleuths! Chew!the!Fat! Newton’s!Notions! Describe!It,!Build!It! Ramp!‘n’!Roll! Weather!Permitting! All!in!the!Family! ! ! Period&2!(10:20!–!11:30!a.m.)! Backyard!Botany! 3,2,1,!Blast!Off!! ! ! ! ! Period&3!(11:40!a.m.!–!12:50!p.m.)! ! &&&& ! ! ! 1:00!–!1:45!p.m.! 1:45!–!2:15!p.m.! Secret!Structures! Measurement!Mania! Movers!and!Shakers! Planet!Protectors! Rock!Star! All!Charged!Up!! Bridge@a@roni! Science!Sketchers! Sky!Quest! Lunch! Closing/Awards!Ceremony! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Teams!of!up!to!fifteen!students!prepare!throughout!the!year!to!compete!in!an!elementary! tournament.!!Any!given!team!may!have!only!one!entry!per!event.!!An!entry!is!a!team!of!up!to!2!out!of! 15!students!competing!in!any!one!event!as!the!representatives!of!their!team.!!Teams!may!compete! in!as!many!or!as!few!events!as!they!wish!at!the!tournament.! ! Each!team!member!could!compete!in!up!to!3!events,!but!not!more!than!three.!!As!stated!above,!the! events!take!place!during!three!(3)!time!periods.!!During!each!time!period,!six!(6)!different!events! are!taking!place!at!the!same!time.!!For!example,!in!the!schedule!on!the!previous!page!there!are!6! events!in!the!first!time!period.!!Any!given!team!member!can!compete!in!ONLY!one!event!per!time! ! 4! period.!!A!team!member!cannot!be!in!two!places!at!once.!!So,!a!team!member!competing!in!3,2,1% Blast%Off!!could!not!also!compete!in!Biome%Bonanza%because!they!both!take!place!during!the!same! time!period!(Period!2).!!The!same!is!true!for!event!periods!2!and!3.! One!may!wish!to!visualize!an!elementary!tournament!like!a!track!meet.!!Team! members!specialize!and!become!experts!in!two!or!three!events!(out!of!eighteen! events)!and!compete!in!these!events!at!the!tournament!individually!and!as!the! representatives!for!their!team.!!During!a!track!meet,!a!team!member!may! compete!in!the!Javelin!Throw!and!the!High!Jump!and!has!worked!in!practice!to! improve!at!both!of!these!events.!!The!team!member!may!win!a!medal! individually!for!each!event!and!his/her!performance!will!also!contribute!to!overall!team!standings.!! Similarly,!in!Science!Olympiad,!team!members!compete!in!events!such!as!Describe!It,!Build!It!and!A! Bug’s!World!and!work!throughout!the!year!to!improve!and!get!better!at!these!events.!!On!the!day!of! the!tournament,!team!members!compete!in!these!events!to!win!individual!medals!and!to!do!as!well! as!possible!to!bring!home!a!TEAM!win.!!Put!simply,!each!team!member!chooses!2!or!3!events!to! become!“experts”!in!during!the!year,!works!with!a!partner,!and!then!competes!in!chosen!events!at! the!tournament!with!his/her!partner!to!medal!individually!and!to!post!a!high!rank!for!the!team.! ! Scoring& Each!pair!of!students!will!be!ranked.!!For!a!15@team!tournament,!the!rank! will!be!from!1st!place!to!15th!place!because!there!are!15!teams.!!Teams! finishing!1st!place!receive!1!point!for!their!team;!teams!finishing!in!15th!place! receive!15!points!for!their!team.!!If!a!team!decides!NOT!to!compete!in!an!event,!that!team!gets!and! NS!(No!Show).!!In!this!case,!the!team!would!get!N!+!1,!where!N!=!15!and!thus!the!team!would!get!a! 16!for!not!competing!in!the!event.!!The!ranks!for!all!eighteen!events!are!added!together!to!get!a! “team!score”!which!determines!1st,!2nd,!and!3rd!place!teams!for!each!tournament.!!Low!score!wins!!! In!addition,!1st,!2nd,!and!3rd!place!medals!are!given!out!for!each!event.!!As!a!result,!each!team! member!is!competing!for!individual!medals!as!well!as!a!team!trophy.! ! & & & & ! 5! Team& Each!team!is!comprised!of!up!to!fifteen!students!from!grades!3@6.!!Teams!will!not!be!restricted!by! school!affiliation!or!enrollment.!!This!means!that!a!coach!can!recruit!and!organize!any!eligible! students!regardless!of!their!association!with!any!means!of!garnering!an!education!(public,!private,! charter,!home!school).!!Each!team!must!be!supervised!by!a!coach.!!A!maximum!of!five!(5)!sixth! graders!is!allowed!on!any!one!team.!!!Teams!wanting!to!use!students!below!third!grade!are!allowed! to!do!so.!!! ! Coach& An!elementary!team!must!have!a!coach.!!The!coach!may!be!a!parent,!a!teacher,!a!business,!person,!a! community!organizer,!or!any!other!caring!adult.!!Any!new!team!will!fail!unless!it!is!organized!and! supported!by!an!adult!that!is!willing!to!make!decisions!and!provide!leadership.!!The!head!coach! must!be!aware!of!all!the!rules,!mange!the!coaching!resources,!recruit!students!and!assistant!coaches,! involve!the!parents,!and!provide!a!clear!reason!for!the!team!to!prepare!and!compete.!!If!the!head! coach!is!too!strict,!the!kids!will!not!enjoy!the!process!and!may!not!return!for!the!next!year.!!If!the! head!coach!is!to!lenient,!students!will!not!feel!prepared!when!they!compete!in!their!events!and!will! quickly!become!discouraged.!!The!parents!may!not!cooperate!if!they!believe!that!some!student!or! parent!took!advantage!of!the!team.!!A!proper!balance!is!hard!to!establish!and!maintain,!but!is!critical! for!success.!!Above!all,!the!students,!parents,!and!assistant!coaches!must!respect!the!head!coach!as! an!individual!and!as!a!leader.!!The!head!coach!registers!the!team!via!the!HSSO!website! (http://www.hsso.org)!and!serves!as!the!point!of!contact!for!tournament!organizers.! ! Cost& For!the!2013@2014!school!year,!HSSO!will!charge!each!team!$75.!!This!fee!is!charged!to!cover!the! cost!of!running!the!tournament!and!pays!for!materials,!supplies,!trophies!and!medals.!!Other!costs!a! team!may!incur!include!purchasing!event!materials!for!practicing!(although!most!materials!needed! for!events!are!commonly!found!at!home!and!in!educational!settings.! ! ! ! ! ! ! 6! & & 2013&Hawaii&State&Science&Olympiad&Elementary&Events& & 3,&2,&1,&Blast&Off!&(Science!Application!and!Technology)!Prior!to!the!tournament,! teams!construct!two!rockets!designed!to!stay!aloft!for!the!greatest!amount!of!time.! Rockets!are!made!from!2!liter!soda!bottles!and!pressurized!with!air!and!water.! All&Charged&Up!&(Science!Application!and!Technology)!Teams!will!be!assessed!on! their!knowledge!of!magnets,!magnetism,!and!basic!circuits. All&in&the&Family&(Science!Concepts!and!Knowledge)!!Teams!will!be!assessed!on!their! knowledge!of!basic!genetics!focusing!on!inheritance!patterns,!likeness!between! organisms,!and!predicting!inheritance!using!simple!Punnett!squares.! Backyard&Botany&–!(Science!Process!and!Thinking!Skills)!This!event!is!designed!to! determine!a!team’s!knowledge!of!plants!and!life!processes!that!relate!to!plants.!! Topics!include!but!not!limited!to!plant!structures!(roots,!stems,!leaves,!flowers),!life! cycle!of!seed!plants,!properties!of!soil,!environmental!conditions!for!growth,!and! identification!of!20!HI!plants/trees!from!a!provided!list. BridgeTaTroni&(Science!Application!and!Technology)!Prior!to!the!tournament,!teams! will!design!and!build!the!lightest!pasta!bridge,!with!the!highest!structural!efficiency,! capable!of!supporting!a!load!of!up!to!15!kg.!The!event!will!test!each!team’s!bridge.! Chew&the&Fat&(Science!Process!and!Thinking!Skills)!Teams!will!demonstrate! knowledge!of!the!human!digestive!system!and!proper!nutrition.! Describe&It,&Build&It&(Science!Process!and!Thinking!Skills)!Technical!writing!skills!are! an!important!part!of!an!engineer!or!scientist’s!abilities!to!communicate!precisely!and! clearly.!This!event!will!test!a!team’s!ability!to!effectively!communicate!by!having!one! team!member!write!a!description!of!how!to!build!a!device!and!having!his!or!her! partner!re@construct!the!device!from!raw!materials. First&in&Flight&(Science!Application!and!Technology) Teams!will!design,!construct! and!fly!two!paper!airplanes.!!One!plane!is!to!be!designed!for!the!maximum!time!in!the! air;!the!other!is!to!be!designed!for!the!longest!distance!traveled. Measurement&Mania&(Science!Process!and!Thinking!Skills) Teams!will!demonstrate! their!understanding!of!metric!measurement.!Teams!will!perform!simple!estimation,! small!and!large!scale.!Teams!will!also!make!actual!measurements!of!length,!weight,! volume,!and!temperature.!Teams!will!need!to!know!how!to!use!simple!measuring! devices!and!perform!basic!calculations!of!addition,!subtraction,!area,!and!volume. ! 7! Movers&and&Shakers&(Science!Concepts!and!Knowledge)!Teams!will!be!assessed!on! their!knowledge!of!earthquakes!and!volcanoes!and!related!land!formations!using! pictures,!models,!and!diagrams.! Newton’s&Notions&(Science!Application!and!Technology)!This!event!is!designed!to! determine!a!team’s!knowledge!of!force!and!motion.!!Topics!include!but!are!not!limited! to!how!forces!act!on!objects,!relative!speed,!direction,!gravity,!friction,!and!graphing! change!over!time!and!inferring!results.! Planet&Protectors&(Science!Concepts!and!Knowledge)!Teams!will!be!assessed!on! their!knowledge!of!human!interaction!with!the!earth,!including!recycling,!interacting! positively!and!negatively!with!the!environment,!and!preserving!resources.!!Teams! will!also!identify!animals!threatened,!endangered,!or!extinct!based!on!a!provided!list,! and!explain!why!each!is!listed!as!such. Ramp’n’Roll&(Science!Application!and!Technology)!Teams!will!design,!build!and!test! a!gravity@powered!vehicle!released!from!a!ramp,!to!travel!a!certain!distance!and!stop! as!close!to!the!finish!line!as!possible. Rock&Star&(Science!Concepts!and!Knowledge)!Teams!will!identify!rocks!and!minerals! based!on!physical!and!chemical!properties!and!uses.!A!list!of!rocks!and!minerals!is! provided!with!the!rules. Science&Sketchers&(Science!Process!and!Thinking!Skills)!Team!members!will!take! turns!drawing!pictures!of!a!set!of!scientific!terms!or!concepts!from!across!all!3rd!@!6th! grade!science!objectives!for!their!teammates!to!guess.!Teams&of&up&to&3. Sky&Quest&(Science!Process!and!Thinking!Skills)!Teams!will!be!tested!on!their! knowledge!of!the!solar!system.!Possible!topics!include!the!sun,!moon,!planets,! rotation!versus!orbit,!moon!phases,!seasons,!and!identification!of!constellations/stars! based!on!a!provided!list. Super&Sleuths&(Science!Process!and!Thinking!Skills) Given!a!scenario,!a!collection! and!evidence,!and!a!list!of!possible!suspects,!students!will!be!expected!to!perform!a! series!of!tests!to!draw!specific!conclusions!about!the!scenario!and!suspects.!The!test! results!along!with!other!evidence!will!be!used!to!solve!a!crime. Weather&Permitting&(Science!Concepts!and!Knowledge)!This!event!will!test!the! team’s!knowledge!of!conducting!investigations!and!using!appropriate!technology!to! build!an!understanding!of!weather!and!climate.!Possible!topics!include!weather! conditions!(wind!speed/direction,!precipitation,!temperature),!interpreting!weather! data!from!charts,!graphs,!or!observations,!global!weather!patterns!(jet!stream,!water! currents,!el!Niño),!weather!phenomena!(tornados,!hurricanes,!thunderstorms,!safety),! cloud!types,!layers!of!atmosphere,!world!climate!zones,!and!the!water!cycle. ! 8!
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