िजला तर तमलनाडु के लए कृष मौसम सलाहकार बल
ु ेटन
DISTRICT LEVEL
Agro meteorological Advisory Bulletin for the state of
Tamil Nadu Bulletin No. 81 /2014
For the period 0830 IST, 10th October 2014 to
0830 IST, 14th October 2014.
Issued on Friday, 10th October 2014
Issued by
DDGM, Regional Meteorological Centre, India Meteorological Department,
Chennai in collaboration with TNAU and nine AMFU’s of Agro climatic Zones of
the Tamil Nadu state
Agro climatic zones of the state
PERCENTAGE DEPARTURE OF RAINFALL
FOR THE WEEK ENDING 08.10.14
FOR THE SEASON 01-10-14 TO 08.10.14.
Past Weather Summary for the period 07.10.14 to 09.10.14 for the
State of Tamilnadu & Puducherry
Temperature:
Maximum Temperature of range 29oC – 37oC prevailed over the state. Kodaikanal
and Uthagamandalam recorded Maximum temperature range 18oC – 20oC during
the period.
Minimum temperature of range 20oC - 27oC prevailed over the State. Kodaikanal
and Uthagamandalam recorded Minimum temperature of range 08oC - 12oC
during the same period.
Wind: Surface wind was strong & gusty at times over Coastal Tamilnadu and
Puducherry during the period.
Spatial distribution of Rainfall
Spatial distribution of
Date
Area
Widespread (Most places)
--
--
Fairly widespread (Many
08.10.14
Tamilnadu
07.10.14
Tamilnadu and
Rainfall
places)
Scattered (Few Places)
Pondicherry
09.10.14
Tamilnadu
08.10 and 09.10.14
Pondicherry
Isolated (Isolated Places)
Dry
Chief Amounts of Rainfall (in cms):07.10.14
Marandahalli (Dharmapuri Dist) 8, Papanasam (Tirunelveli Dist) 7,
Kumarapalayam (Namakkal Dist) 6, Manimutharu (Tirunelveli Dist), Vilupuram
(Villupuram Dist), Tirupuvanam (Sivaganga Dist) 5 each, Bhavani (Erode Dist),
Tirumangalam (Madurai Dist) 4 each, Mettupatti (Madurai Dist), Cheyyar
(Tiruvannamalai Dist), Sankaridurg (Salem Dist), Chengam (Tiruvannamalai Dist),
Arakonam (Vellore Dist), Ramnad nicra (Ramanathapuram Dist), Thiruchuzhi
(Virudhunagar Dist), Denkanikottai (Krishnagiri Dist) 3 each, Krishnagiri
(Krishnagiri Dist), Gingee (Villupuram Dist), Srivilliputhur (Virudhunagar Dist),
Sathanur Dam (Tiruvannamalai Dist), Pamban (Ramanathapuram Dist), Melur
(Madurai Dist), Dharamapuri (Dharmapuri Dist), Mudukulatur (Ramanathapuram
Dist), Harur (Dharmapuri Dist) 2 each, Tiruvannamalai (Tiruvannamalai Dist),
Kovilankulam (Virudhunagar Dist), Airport Madurai (Madurai Dist), Ambur (Vellore
Dist), Palacode (Dharmapuri Dist), Sholavandan (Madurai Dist), Virudhunagar
(Virudhunagar Dist), Perundurai (Erode Dist), Erode (Erode Dist), Anjatti
(Krishnagiri Dist), Rayakottah (Krishnagiri Dist), Tirukoilur (Villupuram Dist),
Pondicherry (Puducherry Dist), Peravurani (Thanjavur Dist), Chittampatti (Madurai
Dist), Usilampatti (Madurai Dist), Kadaladi (Ramanathapuram Dist),
Aranmanaipudur (Theni Dist), Attur (Salem Dist), Kancheepuram (Kancheepuram
Dist) 1 each.
08.10.14
Attur (Salem Dist) 10, Dharamapuri (Dharmapuri Dist) 8, Dharmapuri pto
(Dharmapuri Dist), Rayakottah (Krishnagiri Dist) 7 each, Kallakurichi (Villupuram
Dist), Perambalur (Perambalur Dist), Cheyyur (Kancheepuram Dist), Tirukoilur
(Villupuram Dist), Kodavasal (Tiruvarur Dist), Thali (Krishnagiri Dist), Muthupet
(Tiruvarur Dist) 6 each, Chengam (Tiruvannamalai Dist), Chettikulam (Perambalur
Dist), Tirumayam (Pudukkottai Dist) 5 each, Sathanur Dam (Tiruvannamalai Dist),
Hosur (Krishnagiri Dist), Sivaganga (Sivaganga Dist), Tiruttani (Tiruvallur Dist),
Watrap (Virudhunagar Dist), Vazhapadi (Salem Dist), Thirumanur (Ariyalur Dist),
Pennagaram (Dharmapuri Dist), Devakottai (Sivaganga Dist), Vedaranyam
(Nagapattinam Dist) 4 each, Padalur (Perambalur Dist), R.k.pet (Tiruvallur Dist),
Mannargudi (Tiruvarur Dist), Gingee (Villupuram Dist), Kalavai AWS (Vellore Dist),
Sankarapuram (Villupuram Dist), Adirampatnam (Thanjavur Dist), Yercaud (Salem
Dist), Uthangarai (Krishnagiri Dist), Karaikudi (Sivaganga Dist), Alangayam
(Vellore Dist) 3 each, Krishnagiri (Krishnagiri Dist), Peravurani (Thanjavur Dist),
Sholingur (Vellore Dist), Peraiyur (Madurai Dist), Devala (Nilgiris Dist),
Kalugumalai (Toothukudi Dist), Kamudhi (Ramanathapuram Dist), Tirupathur
(Sivaganga Dist), Aruppukottai (Virudhunagar Dist), Tiruvaiyaru (Thanjavur Dist),
Rasipuram (Namakkal Dist), Perungalur (Pudukkottai Dist), Chembarabakkam
(Tiruvallur Dist), Mahabalipuram (Kancheepuram Dist), Grand anaicut (Thanjavur
Dist), Hogenekal (Dharmapuri Dist), Shoolagiri (Krishnagiri Dist), Salem (Salem
Dist), Orthanad (Thanjavur Dist), Sholavandan (Madurai Dist), Mangalapuram
(Namakkal Dist), Madukkur (Thanjavur Dist), Vilupuram (Villupuram Dist),
Colachel (Kanyakumari Dist), Thiruthuraipoondi (Tiruvarur Dist), Tirumangalam
(Madurai Dist), Thanjavur (Thanjavur Dist), Tindivanam (Villupuram Dist),
Panchapatti (Karur Dist), Pochampalli (Krishnagiri Dist) 2 each, Poondi (Tiruvallur
Dist), Nannilam (Tiruvarur Dist), Harur (Dharmapuri Dist), Marandahalli
(Dharmapuri Dist), Poonamallee (Tiruvallur Dist), Vaniaymbadi (Vellore Dist),
Chennai AP (Kancheepuram Dist), Vallam (Thanjavur Dist), Cuddalore (Cuddalore
Dist), Arakonam (Vellore Dist), Thamaraipakkam (Tiruvallur Dist), Samayapuram
(Trichy Dist), Pandavaiyar head (Tiruvarur Dist), Barur (Krishnagiri Dist),
Penucondapuram (Krishnagiri Dist), Pappireddipatti (Dharmapuri Dist), Thuvakudi
IMTI (Trichy Dist), Kelambakkam (Kancheepuram Dist), NeeDamangalam
(Tiruvarur Dist), Ottapadiram (Toothukudi Dist), Tirupathur pto (Vellore Dist),
Coonoor pto (Nilgiris Dist), Polur (Tiruvannamalai Dist), Denkanikottai
(Krishnagiri Dist), Coonoor (Nilgiris Dist), Pattukottai (Thanjavur Dist), Nanguneri
(Tirunelveli Dist), Tindivanam nicra (Villupuram Dist), Arani (Tiruvannamalai
Dist), Palacode (Dharmapuri Dist), Lalgudi (Trichy Dist), Illayangudi (Sivaganga
Dist), Valparai pto (Coimbatore Dist), Nagapattinam (Nagapattinam Dist), Trp town
(Trichy Dist), Tirupattur (Vellore Dist), Naduvattam (Nilgiris Dist), Keeranur
(Pudukkottai Dist), Thathiengrpet (Trichy Dist), Ulundurpet (Villupuram Dist) 1
each.
09.10.14:
Omalur (Salem Dist) 7, Barur (Krishnagiri Dist), Tirupathur (Sivaganga Dist),
Salem (Salem Dist) 5 each, Ariyalur (Ariyalur Dist), Karaikudi (Sivaganga Dist),
Gudiyatham (Vellore Dist) 4 each, Pappireddipatti (Dharmapuri Dist), Arantangi
(Pudukkottai Dist), Gandarvakottai (Pudukkottai Dist), Perungalur (Pudukkottai
Dist), Avinasi (Tiruppur Dist), Tirukattupalli (Thanjavur Dist), Hosur (Krishnagiri
Dist), Musiri (Trichy Dist), Kodavasal (Tiruvarur Dist) 3 each, NeeDamangalam
(Tiruvarur Dist), Coonoor (Nilgiris Dist), Devala (Nilgiris Dist), Palacode
(Dharmapuri Dist), Mulanur (Tiruppur Dist), Vallam (Thanjavur Dist), Vaniaymbadi
(Vellore Dist), G Bazar (Nilgiris Dist), Mangalapuram (Namakkal Dist), Pennagaram
(Dharmapuri Dist), Manamelkudi (Pudukkottai Dist), Sivaganga (Sivaganga Dist),
Viralimalai (Pudukkottai Dist), Sankarapuram (Villupuram Dist), Manapparai
(Trichy Dist), Panruti (Cuddalore Dist), Denkanikottai (Krishnagiri Dist), Orthanad
(Thanjavur Dist) 2 each, Melalathur (Vellore Dist), Kothagiri (Nilgiris Dist),
Arimalam (Pudukkottai Dist), Thammampatty (Salem Dist), Kalugumalai
(Toothukudi Dist), Kallakurichi (Villupuram Dist), Uthiramerur (Kancheepuram
Dist), Sivagiri (Tirunelveli Dist), Thuraiyur (Trichy Dist), Kalavai AWS (Vellore
Dist), Madukkur (Thanjavur Dist), Peraiyur (Madurai Dist), Pullambadi (Trichy
Dist), Bodinaickanur (Theni Dist), Sathyamangalam (Erode Dist),
Thiruthuraipoondi (Tiruvarur Dist) 1 each.
DISTRICT LEVEL ENSEMBLE WEATHER FORECAST
ISSUED ON: 10.10.14 VALID FOR THE NEXT 5 DAYS
The Severe Cyclonic Storm ‘HUDHUD’ over westcentral & adjoining eastcentral
Bay moved west-northwestwards and lay centered at 0830 hrs IST of 10th
October 2014 near latitude 14.7ºN and longitude 87.2ºE over westcentral Bay
about 530 km east-southeast of Visakhapatnam and 570 km south-southeast of
Gopalpur. The system would move west-northwestwards, intensify further into a
very severe cyclonic storm during next 12 hours. Thereafter, it would cross north
Andhra Pradesh coast around Visakhapatnam by the forenoon of 12th October
2014.
Strong winds of speed reaching 25 – 30 kmph would prevail over the
coastal districts of Tamilnadu & Puducherry from 11th to 13th October
2014
Measures needed may kindly be taken accordingly.
DISTRICT WISE WEATHER BASED AGRO ADVISORIES
NILGIRIS
Expecting light to moderate rainfall for next 4 days
•
Due to continuous rainfall, farmers are advised to drenching of bavistin @ 2g/lit to
prevent wilt diseases in vegetable crops
•
Due to continuous wet condition and high humidity severe incidence of early and late
blight seen in potato which reduces yield upto 60 %. Measures may be adopted to spray
systemic and non- systemic fungicides alternatively once in 15 days to control the
diseases.
•
As there is forecast for light rainfall, spraying of chemicals may be scheduled accordingly
and ensure good drainage
•
Iprodione 25% + Carbendazim 25% WP (Quintal) may be preferably sprayed for
controlling Fusarium Wilt in Carnation
•
Chlorothalonil @ 2.5 ml /lit may be sprayed to control the purple blotch disease in garlic
•
For the crops sown during the month of August, monitor for pest and disease incidence
PUDUCHERRY
Summer ploughing may be done on the receipt of rains to increase soil moisture and to
manage pest and diseases.
KARAIKAL
Apply2 kg of DAP per cent for the nursery.
Apply herbicides such as Pendimethalin 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1 or Pretilachlor + safener @ 0.45
kg a.i. ha-1 in direct sown rice to manage the weed problem.
Thinning and gap filling shall be done 15-20 days after germination in direct sown rice.
For samba paddy crop; apply basal fertilizers viz. DAP (45 kg ) , Urea ( 15kg), Potash
(20kg) + Zinc sulphate (10 kg) + 10 kg neem cake per acre .
CHENNAI
Livestock :
1.
2.
3.
4.
.
Current weather pattern is suitable for tick multiplication and dogs should be sprayed
with anti tick sprays.
Young puppies around 6 weeks old should be vaccinated against paroviral entertits,
distemper, leptospirosis etc (DHLPPi) and advised to do regular deworming.
Calves above 3 months and sheep and goat above 2 months should be vaccinated against
Foot and Mouth disease
Sheep and Goats should be dewormed by using broad spectrum antihelmint
TIRUVANNAMALAI
Livestock :
1.Farmers are advised to vaccinate their animals against Foot and Mouth Disease vaccine
available at local Veterinary Hospitals
2. Farmers are advised not to allow their animals to graze near pond or lake areas to avoid
fluke infestation.
Sheep and Goats should be dewormed by using broad spectrum antihelmintics.
KANCHIPURAM, CUDDALORE, VILLUPURAM, VELLORE, TIRUVALLUR
Livestock :
1. Farmers are advised to vaccinate their animals against Foot and Mouth Disease vaccine
available at local Veterinary Hospitals.
2. Farmers are advised not to allow their animals to graze near pond or lake areas to avoid
fluke infestation.
3. Sheep and Goats should be dewormed by using broad spectrum antihelmintics.
4. In case of poultry, farmers are advised to provide clean drinking water to avoid E.coli infection.
5. Poultry farmers are advised to protect the feeder to avoid wastage due to high wind speed by
providing curtains
CHENNAI, KANCHIPURAM, CUDDALORE, VILLUPURAM,
VELLORE, TIRUVANNAMALAI, TIRUVALLUR
Agriculture :
1. Leaf folder incidence was noticed in paddy crop to control this spray profenophos 2ml in
one liter of water.
2. Seeds should be treated with Pseudomonas fluorescence 10g/kg of seed before sowing. The
seed treatment increases seed germination, seedling vigour and controls the seed borne
infection.
3. The Evapotranspiration is 7.2 mm per day. Crop water requirement is 8mm/day for paddy
crop, 7mm/day for fodder crops and 7.5 mm/day for vegetable crops.
COIMBATORE
Blocks
Sugar cane
Banana
Turmeric
Vegetables
Thondamuthur
Karamadai
Sulur
Sultanpet
8 months
10 months
6 months
8 months
6 months
8 months
8 months
6 months
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
Pollachi
P.N Palayam
Kinathukadavu
Annur
Madukarai
8 months
4 months
NC
NC
NC
9 months
9 months
NC
7 months
5 months
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V-Vegetative; NC-No Crop
Agro Advisory
Since rain is anticipated in the first four days, drinage must be given to coconut and
cotton standing crops.
In dry land ,utilizing the rainfall ,if sowing is not done, sowing of pulses and other dry
land crops can be taken up. If sowing is done already, gap filing may be done.
During rainy days to avoid mastidis infection in dairy animals, before and after milking
wash the udder with potassium permanganate solution.
SMS advisory
Since rain is anticipated in the first four days, drinage must be given to coconut and
cotton standing crops.
ERODE
Taluks
Sugarcane
Banana
Turmeric
Rice
Rain fed
sorghum
Ammapet
9 months
NC
3 months
V
V
Bhavani
6 months
5 months
4 months
V
V
Erode
6 months
4 months
4 months
T&V
V
Perundurai
6 months
NC
3 months
T
V
Sathyamangalam
9 months
7 months
4 months
T
V
Nambiyur
6 months
NC
NC
T
V
Gobichettipalayam
5 months
6-7 months
3 months
T&F
V
V-Vegetative; NC-No Crop, T-Transplanting – F: flowering
Agro Advisory
Since rain is anticipated in the first three days, drinage must be given to coconut and
cotton standing crops.
In dry land utilizing the rainfall, if sowing is not done ,sowing of pulses and other dry land
crops can be taken up. If sowing is done already, gap filing may be done.
During rainy days to avoid mastidis infection in dairy animals before and after milking
wash the udder with potassium permanganate solution.
Drinage may be given to standing rice crops at flowering and tillering. Where ever
sowing is taken in the nursery against summer saulting of sown seeds, irrigation may be
given in the evening followed by draining the water in the next day morining. This may
be repeated for three days from the date of sowing.
Six months above banana and early planted sugarcane may be given propping against
lodging since both rain and wind are anticipated.
As rain is anticipated,five months old turmeric crop has to be provided with proper
drainage.
SMS advisory
As rain is anticipated five months old turmeric crop has to be provided with proper
drainage.
TIRUPPUR
Blocks
Avinashi
Fodder
sorghum
V
Sugarcane
Banana
Vegetables
10 months
6
months
Kankayam
V
NC
NC
Madathukulam
V
NC
NC
Gudimangalam
V
6 months
8
months
Palladam
V
NC
NC
Dharapuram
V
5 months
4
months
Udumalpet
V
7 months
NC
V-Vegetative; N-Nursery; S-Sowing: NC-No Crop
Maize
Rice
Cotton
V
F and V
NC
NC
V
V
V
F and V
F and V
F and V
NC
T
T
NC
S
S
V
V
F and V
F and V
NC
T
NC
F and V
T
S
Agro Advisory
Since light rain is anticipated in the first three days, drinage must be given to coconut
and cotton standing crops.
In dry land, utilizing the rainfall, if sowing is not done, sowing of pulses and other dry
land crops can be taken up. If sowing is done already, gap filing may be done.
During rainy days to avoid mastidis infection in dairy animals before and after milking
wash the udder with potassium permanganate solution.
Drinage may be given to standing rice crops at flowering and tillering. Where ever
sowing is taken in the nursery, against summer saulting of sown seeds irrigation may be
given in the evening followed by draining the water in the next day morining. This may
be repeated for three days from the date of sowing.
Six months above banana and early planted sugarcane may be given propping against
lodging since both rain and wind are anticipated.
SMS advisory
Drinage may be given to all standing rice crops. If seeds are sown in the nursery irrigate
the nursery in the evening and drain in the next day morining.
TIRUCHIRAPPALLI
Crop: Rice, Sugarcane and Banana
Stage: Kuruvai - Maturity stage; Samba/ Thaladi: Sowing and Transplanting
Since light to moderate rainfall (2-8 mm) is expected in next four days, the harvest of the
matured kuuvai paddy can be taken up with precaution.
Since light to moderate rainfall is expected in next 4 days, application of basal fertilizers
and pre-emergence herbicides to late samba/thaladi transplanting fields can be postponed.
Preparation of late samba/ thaladi main fields can be done using the expected rainfall.
THIRUVARUR, THANJAVUR, NAGAPATTNIAM
Crop: Rice, Sugarcane and Banana
Stage: Kuruvai - Maturity stage; Samba/ Thaladi: Sowing and Transplanting
Since light rainfall is expected in next five days, the harvest of the matured kuruvai paddy
can be taken up with precaution.
For late Samba/ Thaladi nursery applications of 1 kg DAP/cent is recommended
Since light rainfall is expected in next 5 days application of basal fertilizers and preemergence herbicides to late samba/thaladi transplanting fields can be postponed.
ARIYALUR
Crop: Rice, Sugarcane and Banana
Stage: Kuruvai - Maturity stage; Samba: Sowing and Transplanting
Since light rainfall is expected in next four days, the harvest of the matured kuruvai
paddy can be taken up with precaution.
For 1 acre samba crop, apply 200 kg of gypsum, 10 kg zinc sulphate, 15 kg of urea, 40
kg DAP and 10 kg potash as basal fertilizers. Apply 100 kg of neem cake before
transplanting to avoid insect and nematode attack
Field preparation can be done using rainfall received on 08.10.2014 & 09.10.14 and expected
light rainfall in next four days for samba transplanting.
PERAMBALUR
Crop Rice, Sugarcane, Banana and Cotton
Stage: Rice; Samba land preparation and Sowing, Sugarcane: Tillering stage
Crops.
Top dressing of N fertilizer (urea at 25 kg/acre) can be done for rainfed maize using
rainfall received on 08.10.13 & 09.10.14 and expected light rainfall in next three days.
Top dressing with urea at 20 kg/acre can be done for rainfed cotton using the rainfall
received in last two days and expected light rainfall in next three day.
KARUR
Crop : Rice, Sugarcane and Groundnut
Stage: Sugarcane: Tillering stage, Groundnut: Flowering stage: Rice Samba Nursery and
Transplanting
Crops
Puddling can be done for samba transplanting using light rainfall received in last one day and
expected light rainfall in next four days.
For 1 acre Samba crop, apply 200 kg of gypsum, 10 kg zinc sulphate, 15 kg of urea, 40 kg
DAP and 10 kg potash as basal fertilizers. Apply 100 kg of neem cake before transplanting to
avoid insect and nematode attack.
KANYAKUMARI
Agro advisory
a. Since there will be only light rainfall during the forthcoming days, nurseries should be irrigated
once in a day.
b. Pruning can be done in rose and fertilizers should be applied immediately after pruning.
c. Right time for budding and grafting in Nutmeg.
VIRUDHUNAGAR, TIRUNELVELI & TUTICORIN
Crop/
Stage /
Advisories
Farming
Activities
system
Agromet advisories in relation to the anticipated weather having high cloud cover, light
rainfall and moderate humidity
Cotton,
Sowing
As rainfall is expected in the coming days sow cotton, sorghum, maize
sorghum,
and pulses in drylands. Under dryland conditions sow the seeds at 3
maize and
cm depth by using seed drill when soil moisture is optimum for using
pulses
seed drill.
Spacing
Under dryland conditions maintain optimum population by adopting
required spacing. Sow varieties of cotton and sorghum at
45
x 15 cm, maize at 45 x 20 cm and pulses at 30 x 10 cm. For hybrids
the spacing for cotton is 90 x 60 cm and maize 60 x 25 cm.
Cotton,
Maintaining
For maintaining optimum population do thinning and gap filling when
sorghum,
population
adequate soil moisture is available.
maize and
Fertilizer
As rainfall is expected in the coming days apply fertilizers to the
pulses
application
dryland crops. The fertilizer recommendation (kg/ ha): cotton hybrids
80: 40: 40, sorghum varieties 40: 20: 0, maize hybrids
135:
62.5: 50 and pulses 12.5: 25: 0.
Drainage
As rainfall is expected in the coming days provide adequate drainage
in the fields in order to prevent water stagnation.
Banana
Bunch
As winds with high speed are expected in the coming days provide
development
support for banana and do propping for sugarcane.
stage
Sugarcane
Ripening and
maturity
SMS: Date& expected rain (mm): 11th- 8, 12th- 2, 13th- 8, 14th- 4. As rainfall is expected in the
coming days provide adequate drainage in the field.
SALEM, NAMAKKAL, DHARMAPURI & KRISHNAGIRI
A) Special Weather Advisory Bulletin for Dairy and Poultry Farming:
1. Prevailing cyclone Hudhud in the Bay of Bengal brings some cloudiness with elevated humidity
and low wind speed. Hence, feed intake and egg production are normal in layer chicken. Use and
storage of newly arrived soya bean meal and maize for poultry should be closely monitored. Do
not store soya bean meal with high moisture content for long time.
2. Post mortem observations in birds brought for the diagnostic purpose at Poultry Disease Diagnosis
and Surveillance Laboratory, VC & RI, Namakkal revealed death of birds due to upper respiratory
tract infection and E.coli infection. Hence, poultry farmers are advised to test water samples in
the laboratory and use appropriate water sanitizers along with proper bio-security measures in the
farm
B) Special Agroadvisory from Krishi Vigyan Kendra:
3. Small onion is widely cultivated in Namakkal district. CO On 5 is the latest small onion variety
which can be propagated by seeds. Around 700 g to 1 kg of seed is required per acre of land.
Raised beds of about 15 cm high, 70-75 cm wide and 3-5 meter long can be prepared for nursery.
One cent of nursery is required per kilogram of seed. Apply 10 kg farm yard manure and one kg
neem seed cake per square meter. About 24 hours before sowing of seeds apply Trichoderma
viride @ 4 g/kg and mix. Half an hour before sowing, the seeds should be treated with cooled rice
gruel containing 40g azospirillum and 40g of phosphorbacteria and allow the seeds to dry under
shade. Sowing of treated seeds can be done at 5 cm spacing and at 1 cm depth. The beds should
then be covered with dry straw or grass or sugarcane leaves to maintain optimum temperature and
moisture. Watering should be done by a water can during morning and evening hours till
germination is completed. Dry straw or grass is removed immediately after germination is
completed. In case of damage from damping off disease the drenching with thiram @ 2-3 g/ litre
of water should be undertaken. Transplanting can be done after 45 days of cultivation. Weeding
can be carried out to manage weeds until transplanting.
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