An interpretation of the challenges facing Alpine policy and development Marie-Christine Fourny Univ. Grenoble-Alpes Alpine Space conference Building on experience : cooperation towards 2020, Salzburg (A), 21-22 octobre 2014 Major global influences affecting the Alps • • • • • • climate change changes in the energy market economic globalisation knowledge economy sociodemographic change (ageing) increased mobility of goods and people The different types of areas affected Source: Gloersen et al, 2013. • metropolitan centres • Alpine cities • stable or growing rural areas • declining and shrinking rural areas • tourism areas Four key aspects of the challenges facing the Alpine arc 1. Diversity: The Alpine arc is a mosaic of different spaces. Demographic evolution of alpine communities 2001-2010. Source : M. Perlik, EURAC 2. Operational scales: While some areas of the Alps are part of the globalised economy, others remain very localised. Access time by car to nearest regional service centre Less than 15 mn From 15 to 30 mn More than 30 mn © Frieder Voll 3. The “shrinking” Alps: Can the Alps exist outside the areas of metropolitan development? Employment in metropolitan centres 20012010 © Alain Jarne EPFLCEAT 4. The vitality of the Alpine image : The popular image of the Alps is one of action and attractions Variation in inplace privatesector salaried jobs in localities in the French Alps 1993-2007 © Magali Talandier Three keywords for meeting the challenges facing the Alps 1. Reorganise - Capitalise on diversity; - Rethink the relationship between different areas; - Consider the Alps in terms of dualities : upper and lower altitudes, protected areas/urban areas, north and south … - 2. Anticipate - From periphery to model - After the Promethean model and territorial model => A hybridization model ? 3. Experience - To gain insights into the manner in which inhabitants live and experience a space, conceive it and use it; - To create the conditions for a relationship that is sensitive to the environment; - To conceive a space in an area that can be controlled and appropriated; - To conceive a space to which one can become attached and which helps build an identity; -For a mountain area that can be “lived” -For a mountain area that promotes living together ! Thank you for your attention ! Bibliographical references: • Gloersen E., Bausch T., Hurel H., Pfefferkorn W., del Fiore F. and Ratti C., Zavodnik-Lamovsek A., 2013.– Strategy-development for the alpine Space. Final Report, http://www.alpinespace.eu/fileadmin/media/Downloads_in_about_the_programme/SDP_Final_Repo rt.pdf • Perlik Manfred, 2010, « Leisure lanscapes and urban agglomerations-disparities in the Alps ». In Challenges for mountain régions-Tackling complexity, Institute of mountain research : man and environment (ed), Böhlau. Wien. p 112-119 • Talandier Magali , « Redéfinir l’enjeu de l’économie présentielle et le rôle des femmes dans les économies locales », Journal of Alpine Research | Revue de géographie alpine [En ligne], 101-1 | 2013. URL : http://rga.revues.org/2028 ; DOI : 10.4000/rga.2028 • Voll Frieder , 2012, The significance of the factor “accessibility” in the Alps”, PHD, Erlangen University