MWH Prologue Test Multiple Choice 1. While Thomas Jefferson was writing the Declaration of Independence, the book most likely to be found on his night stand would be from this author. A. Baron de Montesquieu B. John Locke C. Thomas Hobbes D. Voltaire 2. The Americans established a system of checks and balances. This most closely resembles the theories of this man. A. Baron de Montesquieu B. John Locke C. Thomas Hobbes D. Voltaire 3. Written by Thomas Hobbes, this book outlined the need for a “social contract” between King and Subjects A. The Social Contract B. Leviathan C. Gulliver’s Travels D. The Prince 4. A type of gov’t employed by the U.S. after ratification of the Constitution A. Constitutional Monarchy B. Presidential Monarchy C. Presidential Democracy D. Parliamentary Democracy 5. The legacy of Roman law is one of establishment. This emperor saw to it that a code was created that informed citizens of the laws that governed them. A. Cesar B. Cleisthenes C. Justinian D. Pericles 6. “Powers not granted to the national government belong to the states and to the people” This is the interpretation of which amendment to the U.S. Constitution and what type of gov’t does it create? A. 10; popular sovereignty B. 1; freedom of speech/religion C. 10; Federal Republic D. 9; Federal Republic McCrery 2012 7. The Judeo-Christian traditions established over many hundreds of years benefited the development of democracy by emphasizing: A. Cooperation / Frugality B. Individual Worth / Social Conscience C. Individual Worth / Ingenuity D. Social Conscience / Morality 8. Created by scientific successes, these are rules discoverable by reason. A key belief for enlightenment thinkers. A. natural rights B. social contract theory C. natural law D. separation of powers 9. This document is the earliest contract between noblemen and their King in regards to noblemen’s rights A. English Bill of Rights B. Constitution C. Declaration of the Rights of Man D. Magna Carta 10. Greek philosopher Solon spoke and wrote on the impact of freeing slaves & eliminating farmer’s debts. These ideas emphasized: A. Individual Worth B. Equality C. Economic freedom D. Ownership rights 11. William & Mary were crowned as King & Queen of England only after they agreed to sign the; A. English Bill of Rights B. Constitution C. Declaration of the Rights of Man D. Magna Carta 12. A type of gov’t in which the King/Queen’s power is limited by law A. Parliamentary Democracy B. Presidential Democracy C. Absolute Monarchy D. Constitutional Monarchy 13. In his book The Social Contract, this man stated that governments exist only with the consent of those governed. A. John Locke B. Denis Diderot C. Jean-Jacques Rousseau D. Voltaire 14. The theory that governments get their power from the people is known as: A. natural law B. the social contract C. popular sovereignty D. divine right 15. “The state of Monarchy is the supremest thing upon earth; for kings are not only God’s lieutenants upon earth and sit upon God’s throne, but even by God they are called gods…” In this quote, King James I argues on behalf of which of the following beliefs A. natural law B. the social contract C. popular sovereignty D. divine right 16. A Scottish Economist and author of The Wealth of Nations, this man argued that what would determine the market? A. Smith/ Supply & Demand B. Smith/ Competition C. Locke / Supply & Demand D. Paine / Competition 17. When the British closed Boston Harbor, men protested by… A. the Boston Massacre B. the Boston Tea Party C. the Boston Red Sox D. declaring war 18. “The enemy of my enemy is my friend.” This quote could be the reason for… A. Galileo’s trial and excommunication by the church B. Montesquieu’s insistence on the separation of powers C. French entry into the American Revolution in 1778. D. Catherine the Great’s defeat of a peasant revolt in 1787. 19. These two towns were the site of the Revolution’s first battle. A. Lexington/Boston B. Concord/Boston C. Philadelphia/Concord D. Lexington/Concord 20. By the end of the 1600s, what had England’s system of government become? A. An absolute monarchy B. A military dictatorship C. A constitutional monarchy D. A parliamentary democracy 21. An intellectual “awakening” that tries to apply the methods of science to all aspects of society… A. the reformation B. the enlightenment C. the renaissance D. the Glorious Revolution 22. Adam Smith would have argued for a government’s use of this policy in regards to business A. laissez-faire B. Communism C. Socialism D. heavy regulation 23. This British Tax was the first to create widespread protest in the American colonies A. Tea Act B. Intolerable Acts C. Stamp Act D. Quartering Act 24. Which of these aspects of the U.S. gov’t was most influenced by enlightenment thought? A. three/fifths compromise B. the federal court system C. separation of powers D. the direct election of senators 25. Which of the following has an executive branch responsible to the legislature? A. Absolute Monarchy B. Parliamentary Monarchy C. Presidential Democracy D. Parliamentary Democracy 26. Which feature of the U.S. gov’t is taken from the example set by England? A. two house legislature B. checks & balances C. direct election of senators D. judicial review 27. This treaty ended the American Revolution. A. Treaty of Paris B. Treaty of London C. Magna Carta D. Treaty of Portsmouth 28. Which of the following statements best describes a representative democracy? A. One person or a small group of people holds the power B. The king appoints a parliament to represent the people C. An elected president limits the powers of the courts. D. The government rules by the consent of the people. 29. With a reign of 60 years, this King’s stubborn attitude lost his country valuable colonies. A. Louis XVI B. Louis XIV C. James I D. George III 30. “The only representatives of the people of these colonies are persons chosen therein by themselves; and that no taxes ever have been, or can be constitutionally imposed on them but by their respective legislatures.” -Statement by the Stamp Act Congress, 1765 What is a valid conclusion that can be drawn from this quotation? A. Only the colonists’ elected representatives should have the power to levy taxes B. The colonial legislature should be appointed by the English King with the consent of Parliament C. The English King should have the tight to tax the colonists. D. The colonists should be opposed to all taxation 31. A collector of Enlightenment articles, this man published a 28 volume collection called: A. Locke/ Treatises of Government B. Diderot / Encyclopedia C. Diderot / Leviathan D. Smith / The Wealth of Nations 32. Exiled by his subjects during the Glorious Revolution, this Monarch was replaced by William and Mary. A. Charles I B. James I C. James II D. Marie Antoinette 33. Martin Luther nailed his 95 thesis to the door of the church for which he worked. What was he protesting, and what event was the result? A. Judaism / Glorious Revolution B. Catholicism / Reformation C. Protestantism / Reformation D. Catholicism / Inquisition 34. Locke’s three natural rights were: A. Life/Liberty/pursuit of Happiness B. Speech/Religion/Press C. Life/Liberty/Property D. Life/Property/Prosperity 35. The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution are called this and were influenced most heavily by: A. Bill of Rights/English Bill of Rights B. Bill of Rights/Articles of Confederation C. Rights of Change/Declaration of Rights D. Bill of Rights / Magna Carta Extended Response Complete the following on the page provided 36. Compare and contrast Absolute and Constitutional Monarchies (2pts) 37. Compare and contrast direct and indirect democracies (2pts) 38. Connect the ideas of the following people to specific aspects of either the American Revolution or the post-Constitutional U.S. gov’t. (4pts)  Locke  Montesquieu  Voltaire  Rousseau