7.4.spi.1. define the different types of
governments (i.e., democracy, autocracy,
oligarchy, monarchy, dictatorship).
Autocracy
Power and authority of rule from one person. It is the
oldest and most common form of government.
Advantages
Disadvantages
1. It is fast. When one person
makes all the decisions, no
one needs to be consulted
and time is not taken to
gather a vote.
1. Thoughts of other people are
not considered.
2. Helpful when critical decisions
need to be made in a crises or
for social control.
2. People do not have freedom.
3. Over time, autocracy decision
making leads to distrust, low
morale, and inefficiency.
4. Military is used against people
if they try to protest or
disagree.
Autocracy
Rule of One
Examples of Autocratic Governments
Types of Autocracies Saudi Arabia (Absolute Monarchy)
Absolute Monarchy
Theocracy
Totalitarian Dictatorship
Iran (Theocracy)
Tsarist regimes in Russia (1892-1917)
Nazi regime in Germany (1933-1945)
China
North Korea
Types of Autocratic
Governments
Autocracy – Rule
by one
Totalitarian
Dictatorship
Monarchy (king or
queen)
Absolute
Monarchy
(complete and
unlimited power)
Theocracy
Constitutional
Monarchy (shares
power with elected
parliament and
prime minister)
Rule by a single leader who has not been elected. Inotherwords,
leader is in power without the people's consent. May use force to
keep control.
In a military dictatorship, the army is in control. Usually, there
is little or no attention to public opinion or individual rights.
Leader is glorified.
Government controls all aspect of social and economic life.
Burma, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, China, Zimbabwe, West Indies, North Korea, Burma, Cuba, Chile, Uganda,
Equatorial Guinea, Sudan, and Turkmenistan
Totalitarian Dictators
Examples of totalitarian regimes are Italy under Benito
Mussolini 1922–45; Germany under Adolf Hitler 1933–45;
the USSR under Joseph Stalin from the 1930s until his death
in 1953; and more recently Romania under Nicolae
Ceauşescu 1974–89.
Totalitarian Dictators
Other Totalitarian Dictators
Raul Castro
President of Cuba
Communist
He is the younger brother of Fidel
Castro, Cuba's former president.
Autocratic Totalitarian
Dictatorship
Rule by a single political party. Votes for alternative
candidates and parties are simply not allowed and
“encouraged” to vote, but only for the government’s
chosen candidate.
North Korea
Monarchy
Usually inherits the “throne”. Usually through a family.
King or Queen has power
Monarchy
Two Kinds
Absolute Monarchy
Constitutional Monarchy
Monarchy
Two Kinds
Autocracy – Rule
by one
Totalitarian
Dictatorship
Monarchy (king or
queen)
Absolute
Monarchy
(complete and
unlimited power)
Theocracy
Constitutional
Monarchy (shares
power with elected
parliament and
prime minister)
Autocracy: Absolute Monarchy
Saudi Arabia
Many nations who were once absolute
monarchs , such as Jordan and Morocco,
have moved to constitutional
monarchies, although the monarch
retains tremendous power.
Saudi Arabia
King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia
Mecca – time for prayer
Water Problems:
http://www.moneyandmarkets.com/oilwater-and-wheat-3-9667
http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3584.htm
Autocracy: Theocracy
A form of government where the rulers claim to
be ruling on behalf of a set of religious ideas, or
as direct agents of a deity.
Can government systems be a combination?
How is the government run?
Autocracy
Rule by one
How is the
government run?
How is the
government
run?
Theocracy
Dictatorship
Saudi
Arabia
Spiritual Authority
How is the government run?
Absolute Monarchy
Monarchy with absolute control
Leader w/o
consent, does not
consider welfare of
people. Often uses
military force.
Oligarchy
A small group picks the government.
The rule of a few.
A form of government which consists of rule by an elite group
who rule in their own interest, especially to accumulate wealth
and privilege. Only members of this small group have a voice in
government.
The few are generally the people who
are richer and more powerful than
others: aristocrats or nobles.
Often by powerful families who raise
their children to “inherit” the
government position.
Government of the
“best”.
Oligarchy
Rule by a few
The few pick the government
Examples: Former Soviet Union
Oligarchy
Rule by a few
The few pick the government
Oligarchy
Rule by few:
Communism
The single party picks the
government.
China
Totalitarian
Dictatorship
Government tells people
what to do
Oligarchy
Rule by a few
The few pick the government
The whites in South Africa make up about 20% of
population, but this small group has all educational and
economic opportunities and proceeded to deny these
opportunities to blacks. Called apartheid –legal separation
based on race – this oligarchy dominated the Republic of
South Africa from 1948 – 1993. Nelson Mandela
led the force that changed this type of rule to
democracy in 1994. He is now their first
black president.
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-apartheid.htm
Democracy
Two Kinds
Democracy
Direct
Democracy
(everyone votes
for everything)
Representative
Democracy
Presidential
Democracy
System
Parliamentary
Democracy
System
Direct Democracy
People vote of everything
Government in which all citizens have equal power.
Every decision is voted on by the people. Rule by
majority.
Advantages
Disadvantages
1. Every citizen has equal power
in matters of government.
Every citizen is involved in the
decision making.
1. Only works when a small
number of people are
involved. Must gather all
citizens in one place for
discussions and voting.
2. Since all citizens are involved
in decision making, there is a
high degree of support and
loyalty.
2. Decision making involving all
citizens is time-consuming.
All citizens give input, debate,
etc…
Direct Democracy
Rarely exists has a total
form of government
because countries are now
too large.
Switzerland has a direct
democracy.
Representative Democracy
People pick government
Government in which people elect representatives to
make decision for them.
Advantages
1. People still have the power.
2. They elect officials to
represent their interests at
meetings.
3. The representatives will vote
for the people.
4. Practiced where there are too
many people for a direct
democracy.
5. People can vote, protest and
lobby. Can write their
congressman or senator.
Disadvantages
1. Decision making is time
consuming. Desire of
representatives to please
majority of constitutes may
be harmful.
2. Representatives may not
always agree with constitutes.
3. Lack of involved citizens allow
special interest groups to
influence or dominate
representatives.
Representative Democracy
Examples of Representative Democratic Governments
Parliamentary
democracy
Aruba, Australia, Bangladesh, Bulgaria,
United Kingdom
Presidential
democracy
United States, Mexico, Brazil
Representative Democracy
A presidential system is a system of
government where an executive
branch exists and presides (hence the
name) separately from the legislature,
to which it is not accountable and
which cannot, in normal
circumstances, dismiss it.
People pick the president by voting.
What is Democracy?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OuYDVsU4BY
Democracy
Direct
Democracy
(everyone votes
for everything)
Representative
Democracy
Presidential
Democracy
Parliamentary
Democracy
Parliamentary Democracy
Led by representatives of the people. Each is chosen as
a member of a political party and remains in power as
long as his/her party is in power.
Advantages
Disadvantages
1. Quicker legislative action
because the executive branch
is chosen from the
parliament’s majority party.
1. Close connection between the
executive and legislative
branches and absence of a
clear separation of power
provides less protection
against government control.
2. Prime Minister is accountable
to the parliament and can be
removed at any time by a
vote of no confidence.
2. Less protection by rule of the
majority.
Parliamentary
Rule by All
States currently utilizing parliamentary systems are denoted in red and
orange—the former being constitutional monarchies where authority is vested
in a parliament, the latter being parliamentary republics whose parliaments are
effectively supreme over a separate head of state. States denoted in green
have the roles of head of state and head of government in one office, similar to
presidential systems, but this office is filled by parliament's choice and elected
separately.
What government systems is Canada?
Representative Democracy
Parliamentary systems are
characterized by no clear-cut
separation of powers between
the executive and legislative
branches, leading to a different
set of checks and balances
compared to those found in
presidential systems.
Parliamentary systems usually
have a clear differentiation
between the head of government
and the head of state, with the
head of government being the
prime minister or premier, and
the head of state often being a
figurehead, often a monarchy..
Constitutional Monarchy
Monarch is guided by a constitution.
Monarch rights, duties, and
responsibilities are spelled out in a
constitution.
Canada
Representative
Democracy
Parliamentary
A form of government in which
power rests with the people, but
usually through representatives.
A government in which
members of the executive
branch (Prime Minister and
advisors) are chosen by
parliament.
Republic
A Government by the Public
Led by representatives of the people. Each is
individually chosen for a set period of time.
Advantages
Disadvantages
1. Separation of powers,
providing checks and
balances.
1. Divided government causes
more disagreement between
the president and legislature.
Policy gridlock can result.
2. Direct election of the
President and legislators to a
fixed term of office makes
them more accountable to
voters.
3. More directly democratic.
2. Divided government can
make it difficult to pass
policies.
Republic
A Government by the Public
Led by representatives of the people. Each is
individually chosen for a set period of time.
A Republic, unique from democracy, has a very different purpose
and an entirely different form, or system, of government. Its
purpose is to control The Majority strictly, as well as all others
among the people, primarily to protect The Individual’s Godgiven, unalienable rights and therefore for the protection of the
rights of The Minority, of all minorities, and the liberties of people
in general. The definition of a Republic is: a constitutionally
limited government of the representative type, created by a
written Constitution--adopted by the people and changeable
(from its original meaning) by them only by its amendment--with
its powers divided between three separate Branches: Executive,
Legislative and Judicial. Here the term "the people" means, of
course, the electorate.
http://www.lexrex.com/enlightened/AmericanIdeal/aspects/demrep.html
Republic
A Government by the Public
Led by representatives of the people. Each is
individually chosen for a set period of time.
Republic
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2128.html
Anarchy
Where there is not any government. This can happen
after a civil war in a country, when a government has
been destroyed and rival groups are fighting to take its
place. Primarily lawlessness and political disorder.
Advantages
Disadvantages
1. None
1. Disorder
2. Corruption
3. Warfare
Anarchy
Somalia
Population: 7,200,000
Capital: Mogadishu
Area: 246,200 Sq. Miles
(smaller than Texas)
Religion: Sunni Muslim,
other
Anarchy
Barre and
Socialism
Barre and
Dictatorship
Hahdi and
Anarchy
Aidid and
Anarchy
Somalia
•1960 became independent from British rule.
•Said Barre seized power in 1969, proclaiming socialism.
•But instead of developing the country, he attached Ethiopia.
•After spending a lot of money on the war, Somalia’s economy deteriorated and weakened.
•Fighting between clans grew worse.
• January 1991 to November 1991 Mohammad Ali Hahdi assumed power (ousted Barre and declared
himself president)
•Clan warfare grew worse.
•300,000 people died and 1.5 million were forced to flee as refugees.
•Many other people died of starvation.
•Mohamed Farrah Aided took control
•Anarchy, no government control
Anarchy
Somalia
Refugee Camp
Republic
Led by
representatives
U.S.
Rule by
majority.
Representative
Democracy
Name the forms of government that fall under the category of
AUTOCRACY. Define each and give examples.
How do some dictatorships and oligarchies try to make it seem as if
the people have a say in the government? How does the government
really control the people?
What are the two forms of democracy? Describe what happens in
each.
What are the characteristics that make a government a true
democracy?
What gives voters a choice among candidates? What are some other
benefits to this system?
What ancient civilizations as well as early American civilizations could
be labeled as Theocratic and why? Are there any THEOCRACIES
today?
Types of Government Outline
I.
How is the government run?
A. Autocracy
1. Absolute Monarchy
2. Theocracy
3. Dictatorship
B. Totalitarian
C. Totalitarianism
D. Monarchy
E. Parliamentary
F. Republic
G. Anarchy
II.
Who picks the government?
A. Revolution
B. Totalitarian
C. Oligarchy
D. Democracy
1. Direct Democracy
2. Representative Democracy
Country
Leader/ President/Prime Minister
The United States of America
President
Barack Obama
Canada
Prime Minister
Stephen Harper
Mexico
President
Enrique Peña Nieto
England
Prime Minister
David Cameron
Russia
President
Vladimir Putin
China
President
(not voted in by the people,
voted by the oligarchy)
Xi Jinping
Germany
President
Joachim Gauck
North Korea
Supreme Leader
Kim Jong-un
Cuba
President
Raúl Castro
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https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/t
he-world-factbook/fields/2128.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_count
ries_by_system_of_government
http://www.montgomeryschoolsmd.org/cu
rriculum/socialstd/NSL/PPT2/sld003.htm
http://www.slideshare.net/ljhsblog/matchi
ng-characteristics-of-forms-ofgovernment
http://www.stutzfamily.com/mrstutz/Worl
dAffairs/typesofgovt.html