The Circulatory System (aka the cardiovascular system) The 3 main parts: 1. The Blood 2. The Heart 3. The Blood Vessels Functions: • to transport substances (nutrients, gases, waste material) around the body • regulation of body temperature • to transport white blood cells to areas where bacteria or viruses are present 2. The Heart Parts of the Circulatory System B 1. Blood is connective tissue made of 4 components. A A) Red blood cells contain hemoglobin to transport O2 C B) White blood cells seek and destroy bacteria and viruses Video link: how the heart functions D C) Platelets cells involved in clotting B & C D) Plasma liquid that carries blood cells 5. Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart. 4. O2 is exchanged for CO2 in capillaries throughout the body. 2. CO2 is exchanged for O2 in the lungs. Lungs Students: trace the flow through the heart diagram. A Figure 5 p.92 1. Deoxygenated blood (containing CO2) is pumped to the lungs. includes 3 types of tissue: (cardiac muscle, nerves, connective tissue) has 4 chambers & 4 valves delivers blood via arteries receives blood via veins 3. Oxygenated blood returns from the lungs to heart. Heart 4. Oxygenated blood is pumped to body cells Body The heartbeat is the two part "lubb dubb" sound heard with a stethoscope. Heart rate is the number of heartbeats per minute. It depends on: • • • • • physical activity age stress temperature health Take your heart rate by counting the beats in 10 s, then multiplying by 6. Click on this chart to show target heart rates for different ages and goals. 1 Blood Pressure DNC You can also measure your blood pressure with a sphygmomanometer or blood pressure cuff. During each heartbeat, BP varies between a maximum (systolic) and a minimum (diastolic) pressure. A person's BP is usually expressed in terms of the systolic pressure over diastolic pressure (mmHg), for example 120/80. 3. Blood Vessels 3 types Arteries carry blood away from the heart thick walls to withstand high blood pressure Capillaries tiny vessels that link arteries and veins thin walls allow substances to pass back and forth between blood and body cells Classification of blood pressure for adults systolic (mmHg) diastolic (mmHg) < 80 < 120 Normal 80 – 89 120 – 139 Prehypertension 90 – 99 Stage 1 Hypertension 140 – 159 100 109 Stage 2 Hypertension 160 179 ≥ 110 ≥ 180 Hypertensive Crisis A journey through the vessels Veins carry blood toward the heart thinner walls than arteries Diagnostic Tests Angiograms check for blockages using fluorescent dye and Xrays. Homework Read p. 88 93 Questions p. #1 5 ECG or Electrocardiogram checks for heart attacks using electrodes to measure electrical activity. 2 Attachments circulatorygeneral.jpg circulatoryrunning.gif artificialblood1.jpg components of blood.jpg cartoonblood transfusion.jpg heart02a.gif heart3a.gif heart2.gif fatburningheartrate288x300.gif iphoneheartmonitor.jpg targetheartrate.gif blood vessel.jpg