1. automotive and vehicles
2. cars

CHENGDU 2014
RULES & PROCEDURES
Edition Oct, 2014
1
PREFACE
Michelin Challenge Bibendum 2014 is an independent, real-world demonstration of the automotive industry’s commitment
to and progress in the development of sustainable, environmentally friendly and safe road transportation.
The official name of the event is Michelin Challenge Bibendum. The event must be referred to by its official name on first
reference in all materials. The event will take place from Nov 11 to 14, 2014.
The rules as set forth here shall apply to Michelin Challenge Bibendum 2014 and take precedence over all rules published
for previous events. It is anticipated that minimal revisions will be needed. Any changes to the rules will be posted to the
website www.michelinchallengebibendum.com and will supersede previous versions.
The technical rules and procedures are validated by the International Technical Committee, which shall retain the right to
amend the rules, as it deems necessary. The event will be managed by the Organizing Committee. No claims may be
asserted against the event, its organizers, officials or agents rising from the interpretation of rules or amendments.
The Organizers may film, broadcast, videotape and photograph the events, vehicles and participants and may use any or
all of these in concurrent and subsequent promotional activities. The event Organizers reserve all broadcast, cable,
Internet, data and other rights in all media as the property of Michelin China Investment Co Ltd. Upon request,
authorization to photograph and/or video the event may be granted. The event retains rights to all commercial
photography. The trademarks, service marks or logos of the event may not be used without the express written consent of
the Organizers.
2
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 4
1.1 Key Dates .................................................................................................................. 4
1.2 Your Contacts ............................................................................................................ 5
2. VEHICLES ...................................................................................................................... 6
2.1 Vehicle Categories ..................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Vehicle Registration and Insurance............................................................................ 6
2.3 Vehicle Roadworthiness............................................................................................. 7
2.4 Vehicle Tires .............................................................................................................. 7
2.5 Vehicle Refueling and Recharging ............................................................................. 7
2.6 Vehicle Drivers ........................................................................................................... 8
2.7 Technical Support for Vehicles and Breakdowns ....................................................... 8
2.8 Entry Conditions and Procedures............................................................................... 8
3. THE COMPETITION ....................................................................................................... 9
3.1 Dates and Route ........................................................................................................ 9
3.2 Vehicle Registration, Inspection and Loading ............................................................ 9
3.3 Refueling and Recharging.......................................................................................... 9
3.4 Tests .......................................................................................................................... 9
3.4.1 Summary of Tests/Evaluations – Inter-City Cars.................................................11
3.4.1.1 Local Pollution ............................................................................................11
3.4.1.2 Fuel Efficiency Test Procedure ..................................................................11
3.4.1.3 Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions ...............................................................11
3.4.1.4 Acceleration/Braking Test Procedure .........................................................12
3.4.1.5 Maneuverability Test Procedure.................................................................12
3.4.2 Summary of Tests/Evaluations – Buses ..............................................................12
3.4.2.1 Local Pollution ............................................................................................12
3.4.2.2 Rally Procedure .........................................................................................13
3.4.2.3 Fuel Efficiency Test Procedure .................................................................13
3.4.2.4 Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions………………………………………… …14
3.5 Eco-driving ........................................................................................... ……………..14
3.6 Awards .....................................................................................................................14
APPENDIX I Rally Regulations ......................................................................................15
APPENDIX II European Union Emission Standards ......................................................18
APPENDIX III Acceleration/Braking Test ........................................................................19
APPENDIX IV Maneuverability Test................................................................................20
APPENDIX V Refueling and Recharging Procedures ....................................................21
APPENDIX VI Performance Levels for Inter-City Passenger Cars .................................23
APPENDIX VII Performance Levels for Utility Vehicles ...................................................25
APPENDIX VIII CO2 Emissions ........................................................................................28
3
1. INTRODUCTION
The International Technical Committee (ITC) has been appointed to oversee the correct application of the Michelin
Challenge Bibendum 2014 Rules & Procedures presented in this document.
The event will be managed by an Organizing Committee, comprising the Michelin Challenge Bibendum Director,
Technical Director and the Competition Director. The Organizing Committee reserves the right to modify the rules, in
agreement with the ITC after publication in the interest of safety, fairness and clarification, in order to ensure that Michelin
Challenge Bibendum 2014 takes place without incident. Any modification should be communicated to the participants
prior to the start of the event in question.
In the case of a dispute, The Organizing Committee reserves the right to take the necessary decisions to ensure the
correct functioning of the competition.
The Organizing Committee reserves the right, in agreement with the Michelin Challenge Bibendum International Technical
Committee, to decline information and data supplied by the participants if it considers that it is either inaccurate and/or
irrelevant. The Organizing Committee reserves the right to accept or refuse any entry application.
A Competition Director, who is responsible for the coordination of the event, will be appointed to oversee the different
tests and evaluations taking place during Michelin Challenge Bibendum 2014. The Competition Director is responsible for
ensuring that the test procedures presented in this document are correctly adhered to. In cases of contention about a
result, it is the participant team leader's responsibility to alert the Competition Director, who will review and make the final
decision.
In the event of unforeseen circumstances, including inclement weather conditions, which do not conform to the conditions,
stipulated in a test procedure(s), The Competition Director, with the agreement of the ITC reserves the right to modify the
tests and in certain circumstances cancel or abandon the test(s).
1.1 Key Dates
April 1st, 2014
Oct 1st, 2014
Nov 5, 2014
Nov 10, 2014
Nov 11, 2014
Nov 12, 2014
Nov 13, 2014
4
Rules & Procedures on the website
Deadline for vehicle registration and
requirements
Arrival of participating vehicles
Vehicle Registration, Technical Inspection
Rally including Vehicle Testing
Test results presented to participants
Test results presented to the media &
Award Ceremony
fuel
1.2 Your Contacts
Michelin Challenge Bibendum Director
Patrick OLIVA
E-mail : [email protected]
Technical Director
Eric LEYVAL
E-mail : [email protected]
Competition Director
Jianwei ZHANG
( CATARC )
China Contact
Rey GAO
E-mail : [email protected]
5
2. VEHICLES
2.1 Vehicle Categories
Michelin Challenge Bibendum 2014 is open to car manufacturers, utility vehicle manufacturers (Commercial Vehicles and
Buses), urban motorized bike manufacturers, universities, public or private companies and research institutes who wish to
participate with either production or prototype vehicles.
Note: A "production car" is defined as a passenger car, which is available for retail purchase or lease at an authorized
dealer before Nov 11, 2014 and has been homologated by official authorities for the intended market. A “production car”
must have been produced at a minimum of 20 units, and official Crash Test results must be available.
The vehicles can have a variety of energy sources and propulsion systems. The propulsion systems may include, but are
not limited to:
1. Internal Combustion Engine (ICE)
2. Hybrid Electric (with ICE)
3. Electric powered by batteries
4. Electric powered by Fuel Cell (including hybrid fuel cell)
The energy sources/fuels may include, but are not limited to:
1. Battery (lithium, lead-acid, gel, NiCad, Nickel metal hydride)
2. Liquid fuels (Gasoline, diesel, biodiesel, ethanol, methanol, LNG, LPG/propane, liquid hydrogen, synthetic fuels)
3. Gaseous fuels (Hydrogen, CNG)
4. Solar energy.
All vehicles registered for the event will be assigned to a vehicle category as specified below.
The passenger car categories are:
Vehicle Category
Urban Car
Passenger Car
Other
Criteria
Speed and range according to urban use.
Minimum of 2 passengers, maximum speed over 120 km/h,
range over 200 km.
Cars which do not fall into the first two categories, such as
Solar Cars…
The utility vehicle categories are:
Vehicle Category
City Bus
Coach
Commercial vehicle
Criteria
Bus dedicated for city transit
Dedicated for inter-city journeys
Van and light trucks up to 3.5t
Medium trucks from 3.5t to 15t
Trucks over 15t
2.2 Vehicle Registration and Insurance
The Michelin Challenge Bibendum 2014 event requires vehicles to travel on public roads and highways. In the event that
the vehicle does not have a road registration, please contact the Technical Director who may be able to help you to obtain
necessary permission.
The vehicle must be suitably insured for use on public roads and highways.
6
The vehicle must be driven at all times by a person holding a valid and appropriate driving permit.
It is prohibited to transfer the registration of a vehicle from one competitor to another and under no circumstances can a
competitor’s name be modified once the Organizing Committee has accepted the entry.
2.3 Vehicle Roadworthiness
The vehicle must be in a state of roadworthiness and all basic safety functions of the vehicle must be in proper working
order. Any modifications or transformations made to the vehicle should comply with current legislation for use on public
roads. Any vehicle with modifications that do not comply should contact the Technical Director.
Vehicles must be capable of completing the full distance of the road rally on public roads. The length of the rally varies
according to vehicle category: 110 km for EV, 170 for other cars, 55 km for Bus Rally
Temporary Vehicle License Plate
For vehicles without license plates, either Chinese or foreign, we will give the list of required documents to be submitted to
Chinese Police in the next edition.
2.4 Vehicle Tires
Competing vehicles may be fitted with any brand of tire provided that the tires meet current legislation, are suitable for the
vehicle in question and are in good condition, with at least 75 % of the new tire tread depth remaining. For production
cars, the tires must also be the same dimension or size as those originally fitted on the vehicle.
For production vehicles (passenger cars only), tire pressures must be set according to the placard pressure established
by the vehicle manufacturer. For concept vehicles, the participant is allowed to establish the tire pressures. Established
tire pressures must be indicated on the Vehicle Entry Form and will be checked during the vehicle inspection. Tire
pressures must be maintained during all events at the levels specified on the Vehicle Entry Form.
Tire changes during Michelin Challenge Bibendum 2014 are only allowed in cases where the tire’s condition compromises
safety. The Competition Director must approve tire changes.
2.5 Vehicle Refueling and Recharging
The energy source(s) used by each vehicle must be indicated on the Vehicle Entry Form. The following energy sources
will be provided close to the Parc Ferme.
• Low sulfur gasoline
• Low sulfur diesel
• Gaseous Hydrogen
• Electricity
All vehicles using fuel provided by the Organizers should arrive with their tanks no more than a quarter full to allow for
fueling with the provided fuels.
Any special refueling requirements must also be indicated on the Vehicle Entry Form. Vehicles that require specific
refueling/recharging needs (i.e. electric plug, fuel nozzles, special fittings, etc…) during the event must send specifications
to the Technical Director prior to the closing of registration (see Section 1.1 for key dates).
Participants must use the same energy source, as indicated on the Vehicle Entry Form, throughout the duration of
Michelin Challenge Bibendum 2014. For instance, the batteries of battery-powered vehicles should not be changed or
modified in any way. No modification or changes are allowed without the prior consent of the Competition Director.
No refueling will be allowed during rally route .
7
2.6 Vehicle Drivers
Michelin Challenge Bibendum is a friendly competition. The results reported for each vehicle reflect the performance of
the vehicle as well as the ability of the driver. As such, it is important to have highly skilled drivers piloting the vehicles to
provide the best possible performance for each vehicle entered in the competition. It is also strongly recommended that
all drivers have practised for the tests, prior to the competition, to ensure the best possible performance.
During the course of the rally, a passenger/navigator is required. It is the responsibility of the Passenger Car participant to
provide the passenger.
Temporary Chinese driving license: we have obtained prior approval from the police and have finalized the procedure.
For foreign drivers who will participate in Tests, Rally or Parade, in the next edition we will give the list of required
documents to obtain the Temporary Chinese Driving License.
2.7 Technical Support for Vehicles and Breakdowns
Participants may carry the necessary spare parts and appropriate tools either in the participating vehicle or in a support
vehicle.
In the event of a breakdown, roadside assistance will be provided by the Organizing Committee. Participants must provide
all technical support for their team(s).
2.8 Entry Conditions and Procedures
All participants who wish to enter a vehicle for Michelin Challenge Bibendum 2014 must register by completing a Vehicle
Entry Form which is available on the website www.michelinchallengebibendum.com. Once the registration is confirmed by
the Organizing Committee, the participants must complete the appropriate documentation and return it within the
stipulated deadline. The registration deadline is listed in Section 1.1.
The vehicle must meet the conditions stipulated in Section 2 of this document.
The Organizing Committee will review all completed Vehicle Entry Forms and reserves the right to refuse entry to a
vehicle that it considers does not meet the conditions stipulated in Section 2 of this document or the spirit of the event.
8
3. THE COMPETITION
3.1 Dates and Route
The competition of Michelin Challenge Bibendum 2014 will take place on Tuesday, Nov 11, 2014.
The participating vehicles must arrive at Heritage Park, Chengdu, to be ready for registration and inspection on Monday,
Nov 10. Two rallies will be organized :
The Intercity Rally with 2 different routes, 110 or 170 km . Participant can choose the right one , according to car range .
The rally includes special stages in the form of maneuverability and acceleration/braking tests. Further sections on
highways, secondary and urban roads complete the distance.
The City Bus rally, with 55 km .
3.2 Vehicle Registration, Inspection and Loading
Vehicle registration and inspection will be carried out at Heritage Park on Monday, Nov 10 to verify that all vehicles
conform to entry applications.
The purpose of this inspection is to ensure that:
• the vehicle meets the requirements specified in Section 2 (Vehicle requirements)
• the vehicle has a permit to travel on public roads
• the drivers have a valid driving permit for driving in China, or a temporary one
• the vehicle is in good working order and all basic safety functions are working correctly
• where applicable, the vehicles are capable of traveling at night (lighting, signals etc.)
• confirmation of the vehicle classification for the calculation of the consumption coefficient.
The participant must have all necessary documents to carry out this inspection. Passing this inspection does not preclude
a team from being responsible or liable for the safety of its vehicle(s).
3.3 Refueling and Recharging
Refueling facilities will be available at Heritage Park. For safety reasons, the refueling and/or recharging of batteries is
only permitted at designated locations. A limited variety of fuel or energy sources will be made available by the event
Organizers (Section 2.5). Participants may provide their own fuel if necessary, and if it has been approved by the
Organizing Committee.
The fuel pumps and/or recharging points will be operated by personnel designated by the Technical Director, except in
cases where a competitor has previously requested the involvement of their support team when it will be done under the
observation of an event staff member.
The fuels provided at the event are listed in Section 2.5.
3.4 Tests
The tests that will take place during Michelin Challenge Bibendum 2014 are summarized in the tables below. The first
table is for the Inter-City Passenger Cars ( all categories ), the second for buses. Details of each of the tests will be
provided in the following sections. In the event of unforeseen circumstances, including inclement weather conditions that
do not conform with the conditions stipulated in the test procedure(s), the Competition Director reserves the right to modify
the testing and in certain circumstances abandon or cancel the test(s).
The test procedures and evaluation procedures are the responsibility of the International Technical Committee and are
detailed in the following sections.
The tests will be integrated into the Rally and the Rally Regulations are given in Appendix I.
9
The Organizers strongly recommend that the participants use experienced and well-trained drivers to
demonstrate the full potential of their vehicles. A maximum of 2 drivers can be registered per vehicle.
TEST
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF TESTS for INTER-CITY RALLY
Local Pollution
Evaluation based on vehicle emission results following the European Standard Test
Procedure.
Fuel efficiency
Fuel or energy efficiency evaluation after 110 km or 170 km including highways,
country and urban roads and the acceleration and maneuverability tests and their
connections.
CO2 emissions
The well-to-wheel CO2 emissions will be calculated using the fuel efficiency results and
the production/distribution scenarios to be defined by a group of experts.
Acceleration
/braking
Time required for vehicle to pass from 0 to 70 km/h
Distance required for a 60 to 0 km/h braking
Maneuverability
Time required to complete a 120 meter-long slalom course
TEST
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF TESTS for BUSES
Local Pollution
Evaluation based on vehicle emission results following the European Standard Test
Procedure.
Fuel efficiency
Fuel or energy efficiency evaluation after 55 km including stops, representative of an
urban bus course.
CO2 emissions
The well-to-wheel CO2 emissions will be calculated using the fuel efficiency results and
the production/distribution scenarios to be defined by a group of experts.
In the event of unforeseen circumstances, including inclement weather conditions that do not conform with the conditions
stipulated in a test procedure(s), the Competition Director reserves the right to modify the testing and in certain
circumstances abandon or cancel the test(s).
The test procedures and evaluation procedures are the responsibility of the International Technical Committee and are
detailed in the following sections.
10
3.4.1 Summary of Tests/Evaluations – Inter-City Rally
3.4.1.1 Local Pollution Evaluation Procedure / Cars and Bus
Laboratory Results: This test evaluates the local pollution emissions of the vehicle. The evaluation is based on the
vehicle’s emission levels supplied prior to the event by the participants in accordance with the European standards. The
deadline for submission of data is listed in Section 1.1.
All entrants must submit emissions pollution data for their ICE vehicle which will be compared with the European Union
Emission Standards.
No measurements will be taken for battery-electric vehicles and hydrogen-powered fuel cell vehicles without reformers.
The European Union exhaust mass Emission Standards are listed in Appendix II.
3.4.1.2 Fuel Efficiency Test Procedure / Cars and Bus
This event evaluates the fuel efficiency of the vehicle over the total distance of the rally to be organized in Chengdu as
well as the acceleration and handling course tests with the connecting roads. The fuel efficiency evaluation is based on
measurements of the amount of fuel or energy consumed over a predefined distance.
The fuel efficiency evaluation will involve 170km or 110 km to be done in notified times, and the acceleration and handling
course tests with their connections. Prior to the start of the test, the vehicle’s fuel tank/battery will be completely
filled/recharged. The fuel efficiency calculation will be based on the amount of energy consumed over the total distance of
the rally. This will be based upon the energy required to fill up the fuel tank and/or recharge the batteries at the finish of
the rally. For gaseous fuel vehicles, the amount of fuel consumed will be calculated from the initial pressure and
temperature and the final pressure and temperature of the gas.
The fuel efficiency of the vehicle will be determined by dividing the quantity of energy consumed by the distance traveled
(see driving distance calculation below) by the vehicle. It will be expressed in kWh/km and liter/100km equivalent amount
of gasoline. The conversion factors for the different energy sources are in Appendix V. For any other fuel, the energy
equivalence values, percent carbon mass and density must be determined prior to the event by a competent
laboratory and submitted to the Fueling Director.
The distance and speed will be controlled by a time keeping system, but a co-driver is necessary in each vehicle
to guide the driver in order to ensure that the required average speed is achieved. Each participant is required to
supply their own personnel for this position. In case of difficulties in finding a co-driver, please contact the
Technical Director.
Misconduct: Any vehicle that is towed or pushed will be disqualified from the event. Any vehicle driven in an unsafe
manner may be penalized or disqualified at the discretion of the Competition Director.
The refueling and recharging procedures are described in Appendix V.
3.4.1.3 Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions / Cars and Bus
Carbon dioxide is recognized as a gas associated with global warming.
The tank-to-wheel CO2 emissions (tailpipe) will be calculated using the fuel efficiency results obtained during the rally.
The CO2 emissions (g/km) will be calculated by combining the energy consumption (kWh/km) and the CO2 emissions
coefficient for the fuel (g/kWh).
11
The well-to-wheel CO2 emissions = well-to-tank CO2 emissions + tank-to-wheel CO2 emissions
The well-to-tank’ CO2 emissions* are defined for each type of energy according to its production to distribution process in
China
*These
CO2 emissions account for the production, transport and distribution of energy/fuel.
3.4.1.4 Acceleration / Braking Test Procedure Cars only
The Acceleration and Braking tests will be conducted in the Heritage Park at the start of the Rally. The test procedure will
be applied twice ( 2 laps of circuit ). Only the best result will be taken into account.
The acceleration and braking tests have been combined into one single test. During this test an operator provided by the
Organizing Committee will ride in the vehicle and serve as observer and scorer.
The driver will accelerate from a complete stop as quickly as possible from 0 to 70 km/h. At 70 km/h, the time will be
recorded and the driver has to continue at constant speed up to the braking area. As entering in the braking area, the
driver has to start an emergency braking. The measuring device will measure the distance between 60 km/h to 0 .
It is compulsory for every vehicle to perform the 2 laps of testing
3.4.1.5 Maneuverability Test Procedure Cars only
This test evaluates the handling capability of the vehicle. The time required for the vehicle to complete the slalom course
will be measured.
The Maneuverability test will be conducted in the Heritage Park at the start of the Rally. The test procedure will be applied
twice ( 2 laps of circuit ). Only the best result will be taken into account.
The driver of the vehicle starts the slalom course at the signal of the Marshal and follows the specified route passing
between a number of cones, driving as quickly as possible without knocking down any cones. The slalom course
description is in Appendix IV.
3.4.2 Summary of Tests/Evaluations – City Buses Rally
3.4.2.1 Local Pollution Evaluation Procedure
Laboratory Results: This test evaluates the local pollution emissions of the vehicle. The evaluation is based on the
vehicle’s emission levels supplied prior to the event by the participants in accordance with the European standards. The
deadline for submission of data is listed in Section 1.1.
All entrants must submit emissions pollution data for their ICE vehicle which will be compared with the European Union
Emission Standards.
No measurements will be taken for battery-electric vehicles and hydrogen-powered fuel cell vehicles without reformers.
The European Union exhaust mass Emission Standards are listed in Appendix II.
12
3.4.2.2 Rally Procedure
In order to simulate realistic conditions, the route for the Bus Rally, which is 3.45 km long will include 5 Stops.
The Rally distance is 16 laps = 55,2 km.
The time schedule will be fixed and has to be respected, including 20s per Stop.
STOP
2'15''
4'10''
5'35''
6'50''
8'40''
STOP1
STOP2
STOP3
STOP4
STOP5
START
2'35''
4'30''
5'55''
7'10''
9'00''
Respecting this schedule, the average speed is 23kph with max speed = 40 km/h
With 9 min Lap Time the total duration will be 2h24 min per bus.
Passengers: in every bus there will be
One driver
One co-driver in charge of time keeping
One assistant for passengers
Zero to 20 passengers, knowing that there will be passengers mounting or leaving the bus at each Stop, according to
next schedule :
START
STOP 1
STOP 2
STOP 3
STOP 4
STOP 5
FINISH
LAP 1
20
16
12
8
4
0
LAP 2
LAP 3
LAP 4
LAP 5
LAP 6
LAP 7
LAP 8
4
8
12
16
20
16
12
8
4
0
4
8
12
16
20
16
12
8
4
0
4
8
12
16
20
16
12
8
4
0
4
8
12
16
20
LAP 9 LAP 10 LAP 11 LAP 12 LAP 13 LAP 14 LAP 15
16
12
8
4
0
4
8
12
16
20
16
12
8
4
0
4
8
12
16
20
16
12
8
4
0
4
8
12
16
20
16
12
8
4
0
LAP 16
4
8
12
16
20
20
3.4.2.3 Fuel Efficiency Test Procedure
This event evaluates the fuel efficiency of the vehicle over the total distance of the rally. The fuel efficiency evaluation is
based on measurements of the amount of fuel or energy consumed over a predefined distance.
The fuel efficiency evaluation will involve 55 km on urban roads, including a number of stops. Prior to the start of the test,
the vehicle’s fuel tank/battery will be completely filled/recharged. The fuel efficiency calculation will be based on the
amount of energy consumed over the total distance of the rally. This will be based upon the energy required to fill up the
fuel tank and/or recharge the batteries at the finish of the rally. For gaseous fuel vehicles, the amount of fuel consumed
will be calculated from the initial pressure and temperature and the final pressure and temperature of the gas.
The fuel efficiency of the vehicle will be determined by dividing the quantity of energy consumed by the distance traveled
(see driving distance calculation below) by the vehicle. It will be expressed in kWh/km and liter/100 km equivalent amount
of gasoline. The conversion factors for the different energy sources are in Appendix V. For any other fuel, the energy
equivalence values, percent carbon mass and density must be determined prior to the event by a competent
laboratory and submitted to the Fueling Director.
13
3.4.2.4 Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions
Carbon dioxide is recognized as a gas associated with global warming.
The tank-to-wheel CO2 emissions (tailpipe) will be calculated using the fuel efficiency results obtained during the rally.
The CO2 emissions (g/km) will be calculated by combining the energy consumption (kWh/km) and the CO2 emissions
coefficient for the fuel (g/kWh).
The well-to-wheel CO2 emissions = well-to-tank CO2 emissions + tank-to-wheel CO2 emissions
The well-to-tank’ CO2 emissions* are defined for each type of energy according to its production to distribution process in
China
*These
CO2 emissions account for the production, transport and distribution of energy/fuel.
3.5 Eco-driving
An eco-driving session will be organized during Inter City Rally . It will use same Rules, same route and same Tests
sessions . All the participants will use the same car, and the winner will be the lower scoring .
3.6 Awards
Rally Award
InterCity Rally
An award will be given to the 3 best results by vehicle category :
Cars (ICE,HEV,PHEV ) prototype
Cars (ICE,HEV,PHEV ) production
Cars (EV,FCEV ) prototype
Cars ( EV,FCEV) production
Bus
City Bus Rally
An award will be given for the 3 best results
Performance award
An award will be given ,for each performance ( accel / braking / slalom ), to the best performer by vehicle category
Environmental award
An award will be given ,for Fuel efficiency (Energy Consumption), to the best performer by vehicle category
An award will be given ,for CO2 Emission, to the best performer by vehicle category
Ecodriving Award
An award will be given to the 3 best results
14
APPENDIX I
Rally Regulations
Art.1 – CREWS
For all vehicles, a crew must comprise a driver, with a valid driving license, to drive in China and a co-driver. The crew
members must stay on board throughout the entire rally.
Art.2 - STARTING ORDERS, PLATES, NUMBERS
Starting orders will be given every 1 or 2 minutes (depending on the vehicle category) in the order of the competition
numbers.
During the technical inspection, the organization will provide each crew with a rally plate mentioning “CHALLENGE
BIBENDUM 2014” and 2 (two) stickers (30 cm x 30 cm) with the vehicle start number.
The rally plate is to be fixed to the front of the vehicle in a visible position. It should not cover, even partially, the car’s
registration number plate. The 2 number stickers will preferably be fixed on the upper parts of the front doors.
Art.3 – TIME CARD
At the start of the rally, each crew is given a time card. The time card must be available for inspection on demand,
especially at the check points where it must be presented in person by a member of the crew for stamping.
Any loss, correction or amendment to a time card, unless approved by the appropriate Marshal, will result in exclusion.
Art.4 – TRAFFIC LAWS
For the entire duration of the Rally, crews must strictly observe the Chinese traffic laws. Any crew not complying with the
traffic laws will be penalized as follows:
st
1 infringement = 500 penalty points
2nd infringement = exclusion from the competition.
The staff or officials, who note an infringement of the traffic laws by a crew participating in the rally, must inform the
offender in the same way as for ordinary road users.
Police and Customs formalities: should the case arise, competitors must be in possession of the necessary customs,
insurance and other vehicle papers to be presented upon request to police or customs officials.
Each vehicle must be in conformity with the Chinese traffic laws:
- Safety belts for all car passengers
- Headlights and driving lights
- Stop light
- Flashing direction lights
RUNNING OF THE INTERCITY RALLY
Art.5 – START
Starting orders for competitors will be given every 1 (one) or 2 (two) minutes, depending on the vehicle category, in the
order of the competition number. The start will be given in accordance with the rally program.
The exact starting time will be indicated on the time card.
A road-book will be given to each crew.
Art.6 – CHECK POINTS – PASSAGE CONTROLS AND TIME CONTROLS.
-
15
Check Points : Marshals in charge of these controls note on the time card handed over by a member of the crew,
the check-in time.
The organizers may install secret controls on the itinerary, at their discretion.
Additional penalties:
o Out of time in CPs = 10 points/mn
o Missing a CP = 100 points
Art.7 – TESTING SESSIONS
2 testing sessions are organized, 1 acceleration/braking test and 1 maneuverability test.
Acceleration test: 1s = 1 point
Braking test: 1 m = 1 point
Handling test: 1s = 1 point + 5 points for every cone displaced or overturned in the manoeuvrability tests.
It is compulsory for every vehicle to perform the 2 laps of testing
-
Additional penalties:
o Missing a test stage = 500 points
Art.8 – REFUELING
All vehicles will be fueled prior to the start and refueled again after the finish, at dedicated refueling points depending on
the type of energy.
No refueling will be allowed during rally route
Art.9 – PARC FERME
All vehicles will be parked in the “Parc Fermé” before the start and after the finish of the rally.
Art.10 – RALLY CLASSIFICATIONS AND AWARDS
The rally classifications will be based on the following formula:
P x FE x 5 + Penalties
P = Acc times + Braking Distance + Maneuverability times including penalties for cones hit.
FE = Fuel Efficiency result in kWh/km
The best competitor will be the one who obtained the lowest number of points.
Awards will be given to the three best crews by vehicle category.
RUNNING OF THE CITY BUS RALLY
Art.11 – START
Starting orders for competitors will be given every 2 (two) minutes, in the order of the competition number. The start will
be given in accordance with the rally program.
Art.12 – TIME CONTROLS.
-
The organizer will supply a co-driver in order to respect the timegrid for the rally .
Additional penalties:
o Out of timegrid at any Stop = 10 points/mn
Art.13 – REFUELING
All vehicles will be fueled prior to the start and refueled again after the finish, at dedicated refueling points depending on
the type of energy.
Art.14 – PARC FERME
All vehicles will be parked in the “Parc Fermé” before the start and after the finish of the rally.
Art.15 – RALLY CLASSIFICATIONS AND AWARDS
16
The rally classifications will be based on the following formula:
FE x 10 + Penalties
FE = Fuel Efficiency result in kWh/km
The best competitor will be the one who obtained the lowest number of points.
Awards will be given to the three best crews by vehicle category.
Art.16 - PROTESTS, APPEALS
The provisional rally results will be posted at 2pm on Nov 12 at the scoring office.
All protests must be lodged before 6pm on Nov 12. A protest may only be lodged by one crew and may only concern one
single crew or the Organizer.
The decisions of the Competition Director are final.
17
APPENDIX II
Standards
European Union and Chinese Emission
EU Emission Standards for passenger cars, g/km
Tier
Year
CO
HC
HC+NOx
CI (Compression Ignition)
Euro IV
2005.01
0.50
0.30
Euro V
2009.01
0.50
0.23
Euro VI
2012.01
0.50
0.17
PI (Positive Ignition)
Euro IV
2005.01
1.0
0.10
Euro V
2009.01
1.0
0.10
Euro VI
2012.01
1.0
0.10
(1) Positive Ignition particulate mass standards apply only to vehicles with direct
NOx
PM
0.25
0.18
0.08
0.025
0.005
0.005
0.08
0.06
0.005 (1)
0.06
0.005 (1)
injection engines.
Chinese Emission Standards for passenger cars, g/km
Tier
CI (Compression Ignition)
CN II
CN III
CN IV
PI (Positive Ignition)
CN II
CN III
CN IV
18
Year
CO
HC
HC+NOx
NOx
PM
2005.01
2009.01
2012.01
1.00
0.64
0.50
-
0.70
0.56
0.3
0.62
0.50
0.25
0.08
0.05
0.025
2005.01
2009.01
2013.7
2.20
2.20
1.0
0.20
0.10
0.50
0.35
0.18
0.15
0.08
APPENDIX III
Acceleration / BrakingTest
This procedure is designed to evaluate the acceleration and braking capabilities of any vehicle participating in
Michelin Challenge Bibendum.
The road must be dry, clean and smooth and must not exceed 0.5 % grade. In addition the grade should be
constant and the road should be straight. The road surface should be concrete or rolled asphalt (or equivalent)
and in good condition; testing should not be conducted on slippery roads.
Acceleration
The final result is the time required by the vehicles to pass from a stop to 70 km/h for cars
Braking
The final result is the distance required by the vehicles to pass from 60 km/h to stop for cars
19
APPENDIX IV
Maneuverability Test
This procedure is designed to evaluate the handling of any vehicle participating in Michelin Challenge Bibendum.
The course is designed according to the vehicle category.
The result is the time required by the vehicle to cover the 120m course from start to finish + 5 seconds for every
cone displaced or overturned.
SLALOM COURSE FOR PASSENGER CARS
20
APPENDIX V
Refueling and Recharging Procedures
Fuel and Electrical Systems
All participants must communicate to the Technical Director the type and quantity of fuel they require, including
the desired pressure for gaseous fuels. Teams that require other types of fuels than those listed in Section 2.5
must provide it, and should contact the Technical Director (see Section 1.2) to coordinate shipping, safety and
refueling procedures. Also, teams using their own fuel must provide an independent chemical analysis of the fuel
that measures its energy content, density and percent mass carbon content.
The Organizers will provide electric connections for charging at Heritage Park Teams are required to bring their
own chargers and should equip them with the appropriate NEMA plug. If a team decides to use an energy
storage device other than batteries, they must contact the Technical Director for additional information prior to
beginning work on the energy storage device.
Safety
All teams must bring their own personal protective equipment required for their vehicle. Furthermore, teams must
submit the following information at least two months before the start of the competition:
•
•
•
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for any vehicle fuel not provided by the Organizers
MSDS for all energy storage systems other than lead-acid or nickel-metal hydride batteries
The manufacturer’s emergency recommended response to an electrolyte leak or other failure such as a
thermal run-away situation
Any special safety equipment required to properly fuel the vehicle
•
Fuel Efficiency Calculations
The Fuel Efficiency of each vehicle will be based upon the total distance a vehicle travels and total amount of
energy a vehicle uses during the rally.
The energy content for each fuel is shown in the tables below. The Organizers reserve the right to modify the
energy content based upon the fuel used during the competition. Teams that use their own fuel may use the
energy content based upon the analysis of the fuel from an independent laboratory. The Organizers reserve the
right to use their own energy content values if a vehicle is receiving an unfair advantage.
Energy source
Gasoline
Diesel
Ethanol
E 85
LPG
Unit
liter
liter
liter
liter
liter
CNG*
Hydrogen*
Electricity
m
kg
kWh
3
Energy
(kWh)
8.69
9.95
5.93
6.40
6.49
9.58
33.40
1
Hydrogen Fuel Consumption Calculation
Because hydrogen gas exhibits non-ideal behavior at high pressure, the Organizers will use a non-ideal (Van der
Waals) equation to account for compressibility and other non-ideal factors. The equation that we will use is:
2
(P+a/v )(v-b)=RT,
where:
v=number of moles of hydrogen divided by the volume of the gas
a=24.87
b=0.0267
21
and are based upon the critical temperature of 33.3K and a critical pressure of 1300 kPa
Fuel Measurement
The goal of the Organizers is to measure all energy sources a vehicle uses as accurately as possible given the
practical constraints and safety concerns during the competition. Teams are encouraged to contact the Technical
Director to discuss the various aspects of fueling measurement.
The refilling of fuel tanks will be carried out by personnel of the Organizing Committee or by persons appointed
by the Organizing Committee, in the presence of the team leader. The Organizers will attempt to minimize the
effect of environmental conditions on fuel measurement given the constraints of the competition.
Teams should plan to use the fuel provided by the Organizers during the competition. Teams that need to bring
their own fuel must inform the Technical Director as soon as possible. They must also submit a report which
includes the energy content (lower heating value), percent carbon mass, density and chemical analysis of the
fuel. Fuel additives, except for biofuel blends, are not allowed, and teams are not allowed to change fuels during
the competition to modify the performance of a vehicle during different events. Furthermore, teams must fuel
their vehicle at designated times, and minimize the amount of driving between fueling measurement and the
actual rally.
Electric Measurement
If a vehicle uses a charger, then the amount of electrical energy it uses from the grid must be measured using an
AC kilowatt-hour meter provided by the Organizers. The meter must be connected in series between the charger
and wall plug. The AC kilowatt-hour meters will be equipped with a NEMA 14-50 receptacle. The vehicle must
start the Efficiency Event at 100% SOC (state-of-charge), and must recharge to the same level as it started. Due
to time constraints the charger must be able to fully recharge the battery pack within eight hours. The charging
profile of the charger must be the same throughout the competition, and if a production charger is used, then it
may not be modified. It is absolutely compulsory that the identical charger will be used before and after the fuel
efficiency test.
Gaseous Fuel Measurement
The easiest way to measure the amount of gaseous fuel is to monitor the temperature and pressure of the gas.
The pressure sensor should be mounted on the high pressure side as close as possible to the tank. The
temperature sensor should be positioned so that it directly measures the temperature of the fuel. If this is not
possible, then the participants should contact the organizers to determine the best method to measure the
temperature of the fuel. Time necessary to monitor reliable pressure and temperature date must be discussed
with suppliers and agreed upon.
Liquid Fuel Measurement
The Organizers have developed a procedure to refuel the vehicles to a repeatable level with an accuracy of +1%.
Position car accurately on the horizontal area; right rear wheel on marked cross. Add fuel with low flow filling
nozzle calibrated to 0.1 liter, stop filling process at first automatic stop; use same nozzle for each refilling of the
individual cars.
Hybrid Vehicles
Vehicles that have two energy sources must measure the energy consumption of both systems, using the
procedures detailed above. However, hybrid-electric vehicles that are charge-sustaining and do not recharge
from the grid do not need to measure the electrical energy consumption. Teams should supply documentation to
the Fueling Director proving the charge sustaining control strategy.
22
APPENDIX VI
Passenger Cars
Performance Levels for Inter-City
Note: The thresholds below are the final values used to rate the performance of the passenger cars at
the Michelin Challenge Bibendum 2014.
LOCAL POLLUTION
Vehicle Category
Passenger Cars
A
B
C
SPARK IGNITION
Better than or equal
to Euro V
Worse than Euro V &
better than or equal
to Euro IV
Worse than Euro
IV
COMPRESSION
IGNITION
Better than or equal
to Euro VI *
Worse than Euro VI
& better than or
equal to Euro V
Worse than Euro
V
* For the cars below 120g/km CO2 emissions, the NOx limit will be increased to 0.12 g/km (instead of 0.08
as stated in the Euro VI standard)
FUEL EFFICIENCY
Calculation of the Energy Consumption Index (in liter gasoline /100 km)
In order to compare vehicles which differ in terms of model, load capacity or number of passengers within a
category, we have defined correction coefficients which will apply to the energy consumption figures obtained
during the fuel efficiency test at the Michelin Challenge Bibendum 2014.
- The correction coefficients by vehicle category were tested for the first time at the 2006 Michelin Challenge
Bibendum event. The correction rules were defined according to consumption values from the most
representative vehicles.
- Inter-City Passenger Cars
Inter-City passenger cars are divided into 7 classes following the ADAC classification which is based essentially
on the length of the car.
Examples of passenger cars in the seven ADAC classes
Class 1
Smart fortwo
Class 2
Citroën C1, C2, Fiat Panda, Ford Ka, Kia Picanto, Opel Agila, Peugeot 107,108, Renault
Twingo, Toyota Aygo, BYD F0, CHERY QQ, VW Fox
Class 3
Citroën C3, DS3Ford Fiesta, Mini One, Cooper, Nissan Micra, Opel Corsa, Peugeot 208,
Renault Clio, Smart forfour, Toyota Yaris, , Honda FIT, SAIC MG3,VW Polo
Class 4
Audi A3, BMW 1 series, Citroën C4, DS4, Ford Focus, Honda Civic, Hyundai Accent,
Mercedes A, B, Nissan Almera, Opel Astra, Zafira, Peugeot 308,3008, Renault Megane,
Scénic, Toyota Prius, Corolla, Chery A3, BYD F3,VW Golf, Touran
Class 5
Audi A4, BMW 3 series, Z4, X3, Citroën C5, C8, DS 5 ,Ford Mondeo, Maverick, Honda
Accord, Hyundai Tucson, Jaguar X-type, Mazda 6, Mercedes C, Nissan Primera, X Trail,
Opel Vectra, Peugeot 407, 807,5008 Renault Latitude, Espace, Saab 9-3, Toyota
Avensis, Previa, Volvo S40, V50, S60, VW Passat, Sharan
FAW-VW MAGATON, Chery A5, BYD F6, Roewe 550, 750
Class 6
Audi A6, BMW 5 series, X5, Citroën C6, FAW Red Flag, Jaguar S-type, Lexus RX400H,
Mercedes E, Nissan Pathfinder, Opel Signum, Peugeot 508, Saab 9-5, Volvo S80, V70,
VW Touareg
23
Class 7
Audi A8, BMW 6 & 7 series, Jaguar XJ, Mercedes S, VW Phaeton.
- All Inter-City passenger cars participating in the Michelin Challenge Bibendum 2014 will be allocated to one of
the seven classes. This will be done by the technical inspectors according to the dimensional characteristics and
additional equipment to meet comfort and safety requirements. This classification will be confirmed during the
technical inspection on Nov 10, 2014.
- The result of the fuel efficiency test in liter gasoline/100 km will be multiplied by the correction coefficient
corresponding to the car’s class. See table below:
Class
Correction coefficient
1
1.53
2
1.21
3
1.15
4
1
5
0.91
6
0.74
7
0.62
This correction coefficient enables us to bring, artificially, all inter city cars in line with the class 4 level.
THE PERFORMANCE LEVELS WILL BE DEFINED ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OBTAINED WITHIN A
GIVEN VEHICLE CATEGORY.
PERFORMANCE
LEVELS
Energy consumption
index
(in
liter
gasoline /100 km)
A
Best 50 % of the
results below the
overall average
B
≤ Average value
C
> Average value
CO2 EMISSIONS
For the awards in the Michelin Challenge Bibendum 2014, the International Technical Committee has decided to
consider the well-to-tire CO2 emissions. The well-to-tank’ CO2 emissions* are defined for each type of energy
according to its production to distribution process in China.
PERFORMANCE
LEVELS
Passenger Cars
24
A
≤ 100g/km
B
≤ 130g/km
C
> 130g/km
APPENDIX VII
Performance Levels for Utility Vehicles
Note: The thresholds below are the final values used to rate the performance of the Utility Vehicles at
the Michelin Challenge Bibendum 2014.
LOCAL POLLUTION
Vehicle Category
Utility Vehicles
A
B
C
Better than or equal to
Euro V (Europe &
China)
Worse than Euro V
& better than or
equal to Euro IV
(Europe & China)
Worse than Euro
IV (Europe &
China)
FUEL EFFICIENCY
Calculation of the Energy Consumption Index (in liter gasoline /100 km)
In order to compare vehicles which differ in terms of model, load capacity or number of passengers within a
category, we have defined correction coefficients which will apply to the energy consumption figures obtained
during the fuel efficiency test at the Michelin Challenge Bibendum 2014.
- The correction coefficients by vehicle category were tested for the first time at the 2006 Michelin Challenge
Bibendum event. The correction rules were defined according to consumption values from the most
representative vehicles.
- City Buses
The energy consumption of City Buses will be adjusted according to their length. The 12-meter bus (with a
capacity of 100) will serve as the reference and the consumption values of the other vehicles will be adjusted in
consequence.
25
1.80
1.67
1.60
Correction coefficient
1.40
1.25
1.20
1.00
1.00
0.78
0.80
0.63
0.60
0.40
9m
5m
12 m
Length of bus
15 m
18 m
For example a 9 m-long bus with a consumption of 18 l/100 km will be considered to be equivalent to a 12 m-long
bus which consumes 18 x 1.25 = 22.5 l/100 km.
- Pickups and light utility vehicles up to 3.5 metric tons
The energy consumption of pickups and light utility vehicles will be adjusted according to their GVW (Gross
Vehicle Weight).
The proposed coefficients will be used to adjust the consumption values expressed in liter gasoline/100 km to the
level of a vehicle with a GVW of 2.5 metric tons. The energy consumption value noted during the test will be
multiplied by the coefficient corresponding to its GVW as shown in the graph below.
1.4
1.3
Correction coefficient
1.2
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
GVW (metric tons)
For example a vehicle with a GVW of 3.5 metric tons and a consumption of 14 l/100 km will be classed as a 2.5
metric ton vehicle which consumes 14 x 0.78 = 10.9 l/100 km.
26
- Small trucks from 3.5 metric tons to 15 metric tons
The energy consumption of small trucks between 3.5 metric tons and 15 metric tons will be adjusted according to
their GVW. The proposed coefficients will bring the energy efficiency values expressed in gasoline liter/100 km in
line with those of a vehicle with a GVW of 7.5 metric tons.
The value of the energy consumption noted during the test will be multiplied by the coefficient that corresponds to
its GVW, as in the graph below.
1.3
1.2
Correction coefficient
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
2.5
5.0
7.5
10.0
12.5
15.0
17.5
GVW (metric tons)
For example a vehicle with a GVW of 15 metric tons and a consumption of 24 l/100 km will be considered
equivalent to a 7.5 metric ton vehicle which consumes 24 x 0.64 15.4 l/100 km.
THE PERFORMANCE LEVELS WILL BE DEFINED ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OBTAINED WITHIN A
GIVEN VEHICLE CATEGORY.
PERFORMANCE
LEVELS
Energy consumption
index
(in
liter
gasoline /100 km)
A
Best 50 % of the
results below the
overall average
B
≤ Average value
C
> Average value
CO2 EMISSIONS
For the awards in the Michelin Challenge Bibendum 2014, the International Technical Committee has decided to
consider the well-to-wheel CO2 emissions. The well-to-tank CO2 emissions* are defined for each type of energy
according to its production to distribution process in China.
PERFORMANCE
LEVELS
Buses
<
12pax,
Trucks < 7.5t
Buses > 12pax &
Trucks > 7.5t
27
A
B
C
≤ 120g/km
≤ 140g/km
> 140g/km
≤ 360g/km
≤ 420g/km
> 420g/km
APPENDIX VIII
CO2 Emissions ( gCO2 /kWh )
Energy
Gasoline
Diesel
LPG
CNG
Bio Gaz
Bio Diesel
H2
Well to Tank
43
43
31
50
150
839
932
0
0
0
Well to Wheel
310
310
270
258
0
150
839
932
Electricity
573
0
573
28
Tank to Wheel
267
267
239
208
Comments
By default
Average min/max
From coal
From coal
(Average min/max)
World wide ( IEA )