Lupine and Canola Protein Concentrate in Fish Feed:
A comparative assessment of the techno-functional properties using a shear cell
device and an extruder
Dr Vukašin Draganović
XVI International Symposium Feed Technology
Background information
Fish meal and fish oil are
traditional sources of protein
and energy in fish feed
2
Aquaculture:
This research:
Must identifies
alternatives to fish
meal and fish oil
Alternatives for the
proteins in fish feed
Objectives
• To investigate the effects of soy protein concentrate (SPC), lupine protein
concentrate (LPC) and canola protein concentrate (CPC) on:



extruder SME,
feed moisture requirements and
physical properties of pellets
• Conclude on the usefulness of a pilot scale shearing cell device to
simulate extrusion
Shear cell device
• A simple and a fast method for characterization of techno-functional
properties of raw materials
Shear cell trials
Raw materials
• 20 min of shearing at 50 rpm and 90 °C.
• The water content of the materials is 60%.
Shear cell trials
• Effects of feed ingredients on torque at 60% water content
• CPC showed high torque values; LPC resambles FM
Diet formulations
Formulation (%)
Wheat
Fababeans (dehulled)
Fishmeal
Soy protein concentrate
Lupine protein concentrate
Canola protein concentrate
Sunflower meal
Rapeseed oil
Fish oil
Mineral and vitamin mix
Water change
SPC-based
10% LPC
20% LPC 10% CPC
20% CPC
FM-based
7
7
15
30
0
0
3
18
16,5
2,4
1,1
7
7
15
20
10
0
3
18
16,5
2,4
1,1
7
7
15
10
20
0
3
18
16,5
2,4
1,1
7
7
15
10
0
20
3
18
16,5
2,4
1,1
7
7
45
0
0
0
3
18
16,5
2,4
1,1
7
7
15
20
0
10
3
18
16,5
2,4
1,1
Rapid visco analysis (meal mixes)
3500
FM based
200 g LPC kg-1
100 g LPC kg-1
Control
100 g CPC kg-1
200 g CPC kg-1
3000
2500
Viscosity cP
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
Time (min)
*Three replicates are shown for each diet
12
14
Clear differences
in viscosity.
Typically, more
water needs to be
added to the
process with a
higher viscosity of
the meal mix.
Extrusion trials: experimental setup
Diets
Added
moisture SPC(%)
based
16
x
22
x
25
x
29
x
10%
LPC
x
x
x
20%
LPC
x
x
x
x
* 9 mm salmon feed
10%
CPC
x
x
x
20%
CPC
x
x
x
x
FMbased
x
x
x
x
Specific mechanical energy
• SME (n=10)
SPC-based
Minor differences in SME when
replacing SPC with CPC; lower
SME with LPC addition
Technical properties of feeds (n=3)
Diet formulation
29% feed moisture
SPC-based
10% LPC
20% LPC
10% CPC
20% CPC
FM-based
25% feed moisture
SPC-based
10% LPC
20% LPC
10% CPC
20% CPC
FM-based
22% feed moisture
SPC-based
10% LPC
20% LPC
10% CPC
20% CPC
FM-based
MSE*
P value
Specific
Maximum oil
-1
density (g L ) infusion (%)
729efg
710bc
684a
746i
744hithe
All
693a
53.1bcde
53.8cdef
55.8fg
51.6bcd
b
50.7
feeds
are
57.3gh
Sinking (%)
100.0b
100.0ab
99.0ab
100.0b
good 100.0
in bb
100.0
terms of these three
parameters
706b
57.0gh
Fat leakage
(%)
DORIS
Holmen
durability (%) durability (%)
7.7cd
5.8b
5.2ab
7.7cd
7.5c
12.5h
93.8c
97.3cd
96.8cd
96.8cd
98.6d
70.3a
98.0bc
99.6e
99.2e
98.4cd
98.7d
97.9b
7.56c
5.3ab
4.5a
8.3cdef
7.9cde
10.5g
96.9cd
95.8cd
97.0cd
98.0d
97.0cd
71.2a
98.7d
99.7e
99.5e
98.3bcd
98.3bcd
98.5cd
718cde
723def
746i
729efg
717bcd
54.1def
50.7b
51.4bc
53.1bcde
55.4efg
98.7ab
98.7ab
99.0ab
100.0b
99.7b
100.0b
777j
718cde
694a
739ghi
727def
734fgh
48.1a
56.1fg
58.9h
53.0bcde
55.5efg
54.1def
100.0b
99.3ab
97.7a
100.0b
99.3ab
100.0b
5.3ab
8.8def
4.9ab
9.3f
9.0ef
9.4fg
98.9d
98.1d
96.7cd
97.2cd
94.1c
79.1b
98.2bcd
99.3e
97.4a
98.1bc
98.6d
98.1bc
13.85
0.0000
0.677
0.0000
0.333
0.0002
0.16
0.0000
1.403
0.0000
0.024
0.0000
Visual appearance of the dry kernels (16%
moisture)
SPC-based
20% CPC
20% LPC
FM-based
*LPC- lupine protein concentrate; FM- fish meal
Visual appearance of the dry kernels (29%
moisture)
SPC-based
20% LPC
20% CPC
FM-based
Overview of the technological properties of the
protein sources
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Production schemes for different diets
SPC-based
LPC-based
A prospective
diet
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Thanks you for your attention!
[email protected]
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