Achievements and Perspectives
of smart grids projects and
deployments
M. de Nigris
PV POWER IN ITALY
2012 INSTALLED POWER
IN ITALY: 16.420 MW
INSTALLED POWER OF PV PLANTS
NUMBER OF PV PLANTS
LOCATION OF PV PLANTS OVER THE
ITALIAN TERRITORY
SOURCE GSE
THE CONSEQUENCES ON POWER FLOW
Load curve as seen from the EHV nodes (380kV) on the
day after Easter 2010 vs 2012
794 MW P.V.
INSTALLED
3
PERFORMANCE OF ELECTRICITY SYSTEMS
T&D Losses 6.0%
SAIDI 138 min
T&D Losses 6.0%
SAIDI 310-930 min *
EU 12
T&D Losses 3.8-8.0%
SAIDI 15-100 min
T&D Losses 3.6%
SAIDI 16 min
T&D Losses 4.5%
SAIDI 11 min
T&D Losses 16.6%
SAIDI 1080 min
T&D Losses 6.1%
SAIDI 380 min
* CSG – China Southern Grid Corporation
2010-2011 data
& System adequacy:
GEOGRAPHY OFDeregulation
DRIVERS
Transmission overload & ageing infrastructure:
• Blackouts
• Critical peak situations
• Cyber-security issues
Technology:
• Demand side response
• Distributed automation
• Volt/Var control
• Energy efficiency
Distribution infrastructure modernisation:
• Growing consumption
• Energy theft and losses
• Generation and transmission
modernization
Technology:
• Distributed automation
• Substation automation
• AMI
• Energy efficiency
•
•
•
Competition
Integration of renewables
Increasingly constrained network
Technology:
• Distributed automation
• Renewable integration
• Demand side response
• Energy efficiency
• EV management
Growing energy demand…
and losses:
• Critical peak situations
• Energy theft
Growing energy demand:
• Growing consumption
• Transmission congestion
• CO2-emissions
Technology:
• Energy efficiency
• Rural microgrids
• Distributed automation
• AMI
• Demand side response
Technology:
• Transmission grid
• AMI
• Distributed automation
• Renewable integration
• EV management
5
THE SOLUTIONS FROM SMART GRIDS
SOURCE I.E.A.
Smart Grids can be described as an upgraded electricity network characterized
by a high level of flexibility and self-adaptability fostered by a two-way digital
communication between supplier and consumer, intelligent metering and
monitoring systems.
TOP DRIVERS FOR INVESTING IN SG TECHNOLOGIES
Results from 19 countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, China,
Finland, France, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mexico,
The Netherlands, Russia, Spain, Sweden , Switzerland, United States
APPLICATIONS OF SG INTERNATIONAL PROJECTS
Distribution Level: Area of Focus
By Smart Grid Area of Focus
Smart distribution
network
Smart integration
Smart energy
management
Smart customers
0
5
10
15
20 25 30 35
Number of Projects
40
45
50
Transmission Level: Area of Focus
Market simulation
techniques
Network management
and control
Some projects addressing more than one
smart grid area of interest
Power technologies
Grid architecture
0
5
10
Number of Projects
15
20
SMART GRIDS PROJECTS IN EUROPE – THE BIG PICTURE
• More than 450 projects – 221
ongoing
• 578 Implementation sites
• 1750 Organisations
• 3.15 b€ total
• Average budget per project 7.5 M€
• Largest investors: UK, FR
SMART GRIDS PROJECTS IN EUROPE – THE BIG PICTURE
• Good degree of application diversity
• Smart network management and
smart consumers/homes are the
most targeted
• New control/automation system
consolidated
• Distributed ICT for DER/flexibility
• Density of implementatiion sites
weighed by budget
• EU 15 concentrated most of the
activity
• Some interest on East side but small
budget allocation
EUROPE: LESSONS LEARNED
SMART GRIDS LANDSCAPE
• Projects not evenly distributed (EU15 doing most of the job)
• Many projects focus on integration of technologies and applications
• Fundamental role of the DSOs / TSOs
• Deployment cover most of investments (7% of projects – 60% of investments)
LARGE SCALE MULTIDISCIPLINARY DEMONSTRATORS
• Large scale demonstrators, involving high number of sites and communities
needed to prove up-scaling and reliability of solutions
• Incresaed complexity of electricity system requires multidisciplinary consortia to
integrate competences and share risks
SET UP OF MARKET PLATFORMS FOR THE PROVISION OF SERVICES
• Revise incentives model to accelerate innovation uptake and encourage to move
towards a service-based business model
• Most of smart grids benefits are systemic in nature – service-based market
platforms are essential to attract operators
EUROPE: LESSONS LEARNED
CONSUMERS
• Need to have trust to harvest benefits from smart grids technologies and
applications;
• Consumer engagement is crutial to development of electricity services
platforms;
• Consumer segmentation is very important to taylor energy services, target
early adopters, guarantee different levels of engagement.
INTEROPERABILITY, DATA PROTECTION AND DATA SECURITY
• Open and secure ICT infrastruture is core for smart grids implementations;
• Convergence towards IP communications and other standard-based
solutions;
• Energy and ICT communities need to work together to coordinate security
measures, avoiding blind spots;
• Data protection and security not yet sufficiently addressed by the projects.
Experience from other sectors is needed. Privacy-by-design approach
USA: APPLICATIONS OF DOE «SGIG» PROGRAM
(SMART GRID INVESTMENT GRANT)
DOE SG private induced investments: $4500 million
SGIG program: $3425 million
USA: IMPLEMENTATION SITES
USA: LESSONS LEARNED
Reliability
Automated feeder switching:
• Reduction of frequency of outages, number of customers affected by sustained
outages and momentary interruptions, total amount of time without power
Automatic control
VVO: Voltage and VAR control Optimization:
• Reduction of line losses by 5-10%;
• Peak demand reduction by 1-2.5%.
Advanced Metering Infrastructure
• Cost reductions and productivity improvements related to reductions in labor and
vehicle costs;
• Less problems between systems and customers for projects with preceding
experience in smart meter deployment.
Demand
• Demand reductions from the application of Advanced Metering Infrastructure,
pricing programs and customer-based systems.
BRAZIL: APPLICATIONS OF SG PROJECTS
$60 billion 2010-2013
Projects of distribution utilities supported by government and regulator
Research and
Development
Energy
Efficiency
Government
Fund
Distribution
0.2%
0.5%
0.3%
Transmission
0.4%
-
0.6%
Generation
0.4%
-
0.6%
income % to SG by law
•
Smart metering and
AMI (concentrators)
•
T&D automation (fault
detection, Volt / VAR
control, automatic
dispatchment)
•
Demand response
•
Electric vehicles
•
Remote management
systems for residential
customers
BRAZIL: LESSONS LEARNED
Smart meters
• Important reductions in total losses through advanced metering
systems (meters and concentrators).
Focus:
• Government heavily focused on investing in improving energy
efficiency and sustainability.
Subsidies and incentives:
• National subsidies and incentives to assist Brazilian companies and
technology institutes to develop innovative technologies for power
sector (solar power, smart grids, energy-efficient vehicles, …).
Business:
• Great opportunity to R&D and to do business in Brazil in both energy
sector and Smart Grids
CHINA: APPLICATIONS OF SGCC PROJECTS
STRONG AND SMART GRID PLAN
(SGCC-STATE GRID CORPORATION OF CHINA)
2009-2010
2011-2015
• 298 pilot projects concluded: 4.8 b€ invested.
• 70 GW wind; 16 GW PV
CHINA: RESULTS OF SGGC PROJECTS
Projects concluded:
• National Wind and Solar Power (first phase)
• Generation/Energy Storage/Transmission
Demonstration Project
• Shanghai World Expo Demonstration Project
• Integrated Demonstration Project of Smart
Grid in Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City
Installation of :
• 65 110-750 kV substations (new or
refurbished)
• 243 EV charging stations
• 51 million in-home smart meters
• 28 smart communities, which serve 250000
households
• 23 pilot projects of distribution automation
in urban centers
• 25 provinces with energy consumption
information collection systems
• world's largest single solar roof (30000 sqm)
CHINA: LESSONS LEARNED
Motivations of the good results in network and SG development
RES:
•Acceleration of SG development to efficiently connect renewable
powered electricity into the grid.
Timing:
•Advantage of building Smart Grid technology into transmission
infrastructure from the outset.
Regulation:
•Facilitation of regulatory systems due to enormous size of state-owned
transmission companies.
Economy of scale:
•Economy of scale that helps to reduce costs and spark domestic
manufacturing of Smart Grid equipment.
Government support:
•Support of the government to efforts of domestic and foreign Smart Grid
manufacturers through subsidies, R&D funding and major lines of credit.
CONCLUSIONS
Prominence
Smart meters
• in each country SG vital part in government
strategy to achieve common goals of energy
security and low carbon economic growth
• first measures used and deployed: present
deployment level depends on development
stage of the country
T&D control needs
Advancement
• similarities in T&D control needs between
more and less developed countries in
integrating interconnections and
distribution network for upgraded or new
plants and lines
• Japan and South Korea most advanced in SG
development thanks to good performance
of electricity systems, thus devoting efforts
to customer side applications
Government support
• need for governments to put strong efforts
and investments in development of SG
applications, and mainly in demonstration
projects, and that local authorities support
start of initiatives
[email protected]
http://www.gridplus.eu/Documents/Deliverables/D%201.5%20-%20Map%20of%20smart%20grids%20initiatives%20international%20outreach_final.pdf