Goal Reduction of severe and moderate malnutrition among under-five children by half » Child Child Malnutrition Malnutrition Where chronic malnutrition is highest Countries where stunting in under-fives is 40 per cent or more Korea, Dem. People’s Rep. Zambia Burundi Nepal Afghanistan Yemen Ethiopia Madagascar Malawi Cambodia Guatemala India Nigeria Bangladesh Congo, Dem. Rep. Lesotho Mauritania Tanzania Rwanda Comoros Lao PDR Bhutan Niger 60 59 57 54 52 52 51 49 49 46 46 46 46 45 45 44 44 44 43 42 41 40 40 Source for all charts, graphs and tables: UNICEF, 2001. Result Progress during the 1990s Underweight prevalence declined from 32 per cent to 28 per cent in developing countries over the past decade. The most remarkable progress has been in East Asia and the Pacific. Countries where under weight prevalence declined by 25 per cent or more … but The high levels of undernutrition in children and women in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa pose a major challenge for child survival and development. Progress is made when provision of basic services is combined with support for initiatives that inform and empower communities and families (particularly women) to ensure adequate nutrient intake and prevent infectious disease. Issue Malnutrition is associated with about half of all child deaths worldwide. Malnourished children have lowered resistance to infection; they are more likely to die from common childhood ailments like diarrhoeal diseases and respiratory infections; and for those who survive, frequent illness saps their nutritional status, locking them into a vicious cycle of recurring sickness, faltering growth and diminished learning ability. 60 Tunisia 56 Dominican Rep. Bhutan 51 Chile 50 49 China Mexico 46 Jamaica 46 39 Venezuela Guyana 36 Algeria 35 Indonesia 34 Colombia 34 Guatemala 29 Bolivia 29 Peru 28 Bangladesh 27 El Salvador 27 Viet Nam 26 0 10 20 Per cent decline 4 30 40 Goal: 50% 60 reduction NUTRITIONAL STATUS IMPROVES Percentage of under-fives underweight, 1990 and 2000 60 Per cent of under-fives underweight 50 1990 150 million children in developing countries are still malnourished 2000 More than half of underweight children live in South Asia Figures in millions 40 30 32 28 Sub-Saharan Africa 32 20 South Asia 78 10 East Asia/Pacific 27 0 South Asia Sub-Saharan Africa Middle East/ North Africa East Asia/ Pacific Latin America/ Caribbean Developing countries CEE/CIS region is not included in this graph because of insufficient 1990 data. Middle East/North Africa 7 CEE/CIS 2 Latin America/Caribbean 4 Per cent of under-fives underweight, 1995-2000 China Mongolia Regional average Malaysia Indonesia Philippines Viet Nam Myanmar Lao People’s Dem. Rep. Cambodia Korea, Dem. People’s Rep. 10 13 17 18 26 28 33 36 40 46 60 Old data or no data: Sub-Saharan Africa: Angola, Cape Verde, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Liberia, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Swaziland Middle East/North Africa: Cyprus, Morocco East Asia/Pacific: Brunei Darussalam, Cook Islands, East Timor, Fed. States of Micronesia, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Republic of Korea, Samoa, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu Latin America/Caribbean: Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent/Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago CEE/CIS: Belarus, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan 19 33 38 43 46 47 47 48 48 Latin America/Caribbean Chile Cuba Jamaica Costa Rica Dominican Rep. Paraguay Uruguay Venezuela Brazil Colombia Panama Regional average Mexico Peru Bolivia El Salvador Guyana Nicaragua Ecuador Guatemala Honduras Haiti 1 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 7 7 8 8 8 10 12 12 12 15 24 25 28 EIGHT PREV A RW 28% HE OR LD East Asia/Pacific Bhutan Sri Lanka Pakistan Maldives Regional average Nepal India Bangladesh Afghanistan E 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 9 10 11 12 13 14 14 15 16 17 18 24 46 N CE LE Lebanon Occupied Palestinian Territory Tunisia Jordan Libya Algeria Qatar Bahrain Kuwait Iran Egypt Syria Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Regional average Iraq Sudan Djibouti Oman Yemen T 13 13 14 16 16 16 17 18 21 21 23 23 23 23 24 25 25 25 25 25 26 26 26 27 27 28 29 29 29 30 33 34 34 40 43 44 45 47 South Asia IN Botswana Zimbabwe Congo Lesotho Mauritius Sao Tome and Principe Gambia Senegal Cameroon Côte d’Ivoire Guinea Guinea-Bissau Kenya Mauritania Central African Rep. Comoros Ghana Malawi Togo Zambia Mozambique Somalia Uganda Nigeria Sierra Leone Chad Benin Rwanda Tanzania Regional average Madagascar Burkina Faso Congo, Dem. Rep. Niger Mali Eritrea Burundi Ethiopia Middle East/North Africa »UN D Sub-Saharan Africa DEV E L O PI N G W CEE/CIS Croatia Yugoslavia Armenia Georgia Moldova, Rep. Russian Federation Ukraine Bosnia and Herzegovina Kazakhstan TFYR Macedonia Regional average Turkey Kyrgyzstan Albania Azerbaijan Uzbekistan 1 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 6 7 8 11 14 17 19 5