Ocean numerical models - Overview and Applications
Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Ocean numerical models Overview and Applications Jordi Solé i Ollé 1 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Índice 1 Overview 2 General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) 3 ROMS model 4 ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea 2 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Índice 1 Overview 2 General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) 3 ROMS model 4 ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea 2 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Índice 1 Overview 2 General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) 3 ROMS model 4 ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea 2 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Índice 1 Overview 2 General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) 3 ROMS model 4 ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea 2 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Conceptual diagram Lynch et al. 2009 3 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Conceptual diagram Lynch et al. 2009 4 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Main conceptual issues 1 Encourage the use of probabilistic model results mean and variance and the expression of this in simple ways to a general audience, backed by rigorous analysis. 2 Encourage the formalization of the best prior estimate at the least, the mean and variance of all relevant prior quantities. 3 Always examine the posterior: a) the remaining misfit and b) the departure from the prior. There is information in both. 4 Ensemble modeling approaches, specifically the use of an ensemble of different models, are appealing in the context of operational physical-biological models. 5 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Main conceptual issues 1 Encourage the use of probabilistic model results mean and variance and the expression of this in simple ways to a general audience, backed by rigorous analysis. 2 Encourage the formalization of the best prior estimate at the least, the mean and variance of all relevant prior quantities. 3 Always examine the posterior: a) the remaining misfit and b) the departure from the prior. There is information in both. 4 Ensemble modeling approaches, specifically the use of an ensemble of different models, are appealing in the context of operational physical-biological models. 5 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Main conceptual issues 1 Encourage the use of probabilistic model results mean and variance and the expression of this in simple ways to a general audience, backed by rigorous analysis. 2 Encourage the formalization of the best prior estimate at the least, the mean and variance of all relevant prior quantities. 3 Always examine the posterior: a) the remaining misfit and b) the departure from the prior. There is information in both. 4 Ensemble modeling approaches, specifically the use of an ensemble of different models, are appealing in the context of operational physical-biological models. 5 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Main conceptual issues 1 Encourage the use of probabilistic model results mean and variance and the expression of this in simple ways to a general audience, backed by rigorous analysis. 2 Encourage the formalization of the best prior estimate at the least, the mean and variance of all relevant prior quantities. 3 Always examine the posterior: a) the remaining misfit and b) the departure from the prior. There is information in both. 4 Ensemble modeling approaches, specifically the use of an ensemble of different models, are appealing in the context of operational physical-biological models. 5 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Main practical issues 1 It is essential to facilitate access to real-time data streams. This includes networking, servers, and people 2 Encourage communication and interaction between data providers and modeling activities. 3 Similarly, encourage partnership between physical modeling and biological modeling. 6 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Main practical issues 1 It is essential to facilitate access to real-time data streams. This includes networking, servers, and people 2 Encourage communication and interaction between data providers and modeling activities. 3 Similarly, encourage partnership between physical modeling and biological modeling. 6 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Main practical issues 1 It is essential to facilitate access to real-time data streams. This includes networking, servers, and people 2 Encourage communication and interaction between data providers and modeling activities. 3 Similarly, encourage partnership between physical modeling and biological modeling. 6 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Main organizational issues 1 Recognize the importance of organizational structure. Encourage regional expertise in regional centers; and networking of these relative to technical and scientific generalities. 2 Encourage a blend of Government/University/Industrial activity. 3 Use the existing centers and cooperative programs to their fullest. There is much opportunity in these for cross-fertilization. Avoid creating new organizations if extant ones can be made to work. 4 Recognize the importance of small steps toward a larger goal. 5 Focus on system integration of models, theory, and observation as an overarching goal. 7 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Main organizational issues 1 Recognize the importance of organizational structure. Encourage regional expertise in regional centers; and networking of these relative to technical and scientific generalities. 2 Encourage a blend of Government/University/Industrial activity. 3 Use the existing centers and cooperative programs to their fullest. There is much opportunity in these for cross-fertilization. Avoid creating new organizations if extant ones can be made to work. 4 Recognize the importance of small steps toward a larger goal. 5 Focus on system integration of models, theory, and observation as an overarching goal. 7 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Main organizational issues 1 Recognize the importance of organizational structure. Encourage regional expertise in regional centers; and networking of these relative to technical and scientific generalities. 2 Encourage a blend of Government/University/Industrial activity. 3 Use the existing centers and cooperative programs to their fullest. There is much opportunity in these for cross-fertilization. Avoid creating new organizations if extant ones can be made to work. 4 Recognize the importance of small steps toward a larger goal. 5 Focus on system integration of models, theory, and observation as an overarching goal. 7 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Main organizational issues 1 Recognize the importance of organizational structure. Encourage regional expertise in regional centers; and networking of these relative to technical and scientific generalities. 2 Encourage a blend of Government/University/Industrial activity. 3 Use the existing centers and cooperative programs to their fullest. There is much opportunity in these for cross-fertilization. Avoid creating new organizations if extant ones can be made to work. 4 Recognize the importance of small steps toward a larger goal. 5 Focus on system integration of models, theory, and observation as an overarching goal. 7 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Main organizational issues 1 Recognize the importance of organizational structure. Encourage regional expertise in regional centers; and networking of these relative to technical and scientific generalities. 2 Encourage a blend of Government/University/Industrial activity. 3 Use the existing centers and cooperative programs to their fullest. There is much opportunity in these for cross-fertilization. Avoid creating new organizations if extant ones can be made to work. 4 Recognize the importance of small steps toward a larger goal. 5 Focus on system integration of models, theory, and observation as an overarching goal. 7 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Conceptual diagram Lynch et al. 2009 8 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) Contents 1 Overview 2 General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) 3 ROMS model 4 ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea 9 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) Global Ocean Models (GOM) Generally speaking there are thre kinds of models: Mechanistic models: they are simplified models used and oriented for studying processes. Simulation models: are used for calculating realistic circulation of oceanic regions. The first simulation models were developed by Kirk Bryan and Michael Cox at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics laboratory in Princeton. Coupled Atmosphere and Ocean numerical models: Ocean models run 30 times slower than atmosphere models of the same complexity. 10 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) Global Ocean Models (GOM) Generally speaking there are thre kinds of models: Mechanistic models: they are simplified models used and oriented for studying processes. Simulation models: are used for calculating realistic circulation of oceanic regions. The first simulation models were developed by Kirk Bryan and Michael Cox at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics laboratory in Princeton. Coupled Atmosphere and Ocean numerical models: Ocean models run 30 times slower than atmosphere models of the same complexity. 10 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) Global Ocean Models (GOM) Generally speaking there are thre kinds of models: Mechanistic models: they are simplified models used and oriented for studying processes. Simulation models: are used for calculating realistic circulation of oceanic regions. The first simulation models were developed by Kirk Bryan and Michael Cox at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics laboratory in Princeton. Coupled Atmosphere and Ocean numerical models: Ocean models run 30 times slower than atmosphere models of the same complexity. 10 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) GOM (II) GOM main characteristics. Vertical resolution is typically around 30 vertical levels. Models include Realistic coasts and bottom features Heat and water fluxes though the surface Eddy dynamics The meridional-overturning circulation 11 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) GOM (II) GOM main characteristics. Vertical resolution is typically around 30 vertical levels. Models include Realistic coasts and bottom features Heat and water fluxes though the surface Eddy dynamics The meridional-overturning circulation 11 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) GOM (II) GOM main characteristics. Vertical resolution is typically around 30 vertical levels. Models include Realistic coasts and bottom features Heat and water fluxes though the surface Eddy dynamics The meridional-overturning circulation 11 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) GOM (II) GOM main characteristics. Vertical resolution is typically around 30 vertical levels. Models include Realistic coasts and bottom features Heat and water fluxes though the surface Eddy dynamics The meridional-overturning circulation 11 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) GOM (II) Instantaneous, near-surface geostrophic currents in the Atlantic for October 1, 1995 (POP, Parallel Ocean Program model) http://oceanworld.tamu.edu/resources/ 12 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) GOM (III) GOM models have Z vertical coordinates. Daily Mean Analysis Fields from 26 jan 2010 at 12:00 for NEMO model. 13 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) Contents 1 Overview 2 General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) 3 ROMS model 4 ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea 14 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) Also known as Coastal Models: The models extend from the beach to the continental slope, and they can include a free surface, realistic coasts and bottom features, river runoff, and atmospheric forcing. They have σ-coordinates in the vertical: S(x, y , σ) = hc σ + (h(x, y ) − hc )C(σ) (1) They need additional information about deep-water currents or conditions at the shelf break 15 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) Also known as Coastal Models: The models extend from the beach to the continental slope, and they can include a free surface, realistic coasts and bottom features, river runoff, and atmospheric forcing. They have σ-coordinates in the vertical: S(x, y , σ) = hc σ + (h(x, y ) − hc )C(σ) (1) They need additional information about deep-water currents or conditions at the shelf break 15 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) Also known as Coastal Models: The models extend from the beach to the continental slope, and they can include a free surface, realistic coasts and bottom features, river runoff, and atmospheric forcing. They have σ-coordinates in the vertical: S(x, y , σ) = hc σ + (h(x, y ) − hc )C(σ) (1) They need additional information about deep-water currents or conditions at the shelf break 15 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) RM (II) North Atlantic Vtransform=2, Vstretching=2, θs = 7.0, θb = 0.1, N=30. 16 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) RM (III) Finite difference models Sub-grid turbulence is parameterized using a closure scheme proposed by Mellor and Yamada (1982) whereby eddy diffusion coefficients vary with the size of the eddies producing the mixing and the shear of the flow. The model is driven by wind stress and heat and water fluxes from meteorological models. The model uses known geostrophic, tidal, and Ekman currents at the outer boundary. The model has been used to calculate the three-dimensional distribution of velocity, salinity, sea level, temperature, and turbulence for up to 30 days over a region roughly 100-1000 km on a side with grid spacing of 1-50 km. 17 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) RM (III) Finite difference models Sub-grid turbulence is parameterized using a closure scheme proposed by Mellor and Yamada (1982) whereby eddy diffusion coefficients vary with the size of the eddies producing the mixing and the shear of the flow. The model is driven by wind stress and heat and water fluxes from meteorological models. The model uses known geostrophic, tidal, and Ekman currents at the outer boundary. The model has been used to calculate the three-dimensional distribution of velocity, salinity, sea level, temperature, and turbulence for up to 30 days over a region roughly 100-1000 km on a side with grid spacing of 1-50 km. 17 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) RM (III) Finite difference models Sub-grid turbulence is parameterized using a closure scheme proposed by Mellor and Yamada (1982) whereby eddy diffusion coefficients vary with the size of the eddies producing the mixing and the shear of the flow. The model is driven by wind stress and heat and water fluxes from meteorological models. The model uses known geostrophic, tidal, and Ekman currents at the outer boundary. The model has been used to calculate the three-dimensional distribution of velocity, salinity, sea level, temperature, and turbulence for up to 30 days over a region roughly 100-1000 km on a side with grid spacing of 1-50 km. 17 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) RM (IV) Finite element models 3-dimensional model of the circulation using a triangular, finite-element grid. The size of the triangles is proportional to both depth and the rate of change of depth. The triangles are small in regions where the bottom slopes are large and the depth is shallow, and they are large in deep water. The variable mesh is especially useful in coastal regions where the depth of water varies greatly. Thus the variable grid gives highest resolution where it is most needed. The model has a simplified equation of state and a depth-averaged continuity equation, and it uses the hydrostatic and Boussinesq assumptions. Sub-grid mixing of momentum, heat and mass is parameterized using the Mellor and Yamada (1982) turbulence-closure scheme. 18 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) RM (IV) Finite element models 3-dimensional model of the circulation using a triangular, finite-element grid. The size of the triangles is proportional to both depth and the rate of change of depth. The triangles are small in regions where the bottom slopes are large and the depth is shallow, and they are large in deep water. The variable mesh is especially useful in coastal regions where the depth of water varies greatly. Thus the variable grid gives highest resolution where it is most needed. The model has a simplified equation of state and a depth-averaged continuity equation, and it uses the hydrostatic and Boussinesq assumptions. Sub-grid mixing of momentum, heat and mass is parameterized using the Mellor and Yamada (1982) turbulence-closure scheme. 18 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) RM (V) Finite elements models Topographic map of the Gulf of Maine. Inset: Triangular, finite-element grid used to compute flow in the gulf. The size of the triangles varies with depth and rate of change of depth. From Lynch et al. (1996). 19 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) RM (IV) Some currently used RM HOPS (Harvard Ocean Prediction System.http://modelseas.mit.edu/HOPS/) POM (Princenton Ocean Model. http://www.aos.princeton.edu/WWWPUBLIC/htdocs.pom/) HYCOM (Hybrid Coordinates Ocean Model. http://www.hycom.org/) SEOM (Spectral Element Ocean Model. http://marine.rutgers.edu/po/index.php?model=seom) ROMS (Regional Ocean Model System. www.myroms.org) 20 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) RM (IV) Some currently used RM HOPS (Harvard Ocean Prediction System.http://modelseas.mit.edu/HOPS/) POM (Princenton Ocean Model. http://www.aos.princeton.edu/WWWPUBLIC/htdocs.pom/) HYCOM (Hybrid Coordinates Ocean Model. http://www.hycom.org/) SEOM (Spectral Element Ocean Model. http://marine.rutgers.edu/po/index.php?model=seom) ROMS (Regional Ocean Model System. www.myroms.org) 20 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) RM (IV) Some currently used RM HOPS (Harvard Ocean Prediction System.http://modelseas.mit.edu/HOPS/) POM (Princenton Ocean Model. http://www.aos.princeton.edu/WWWPUBLIC/htdocs.pom/) HYCOM (Hybrid Coordinates Ocean Model. http://www.hycom.org/) SEOM (Spectral Element Ocean Model. http://marine.rutgers.edu/po/index.php?model=seom) ROMS (Regional Ocean Model System. www.myroms.org) 20 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) RM (IV) Some currently used RM HOPS (Harvard Ocean Prediction System.http://modelseas.mit.edu/HOPS/) POM (Princenton Ocean Model. http://www.aos.princeton.edu/WWWPUBLIC/htdocs.pom/) HYCOM (Hybrid Coordinates Ocean Model. http://www.hycom.org/) SEOM (Spectral Element Ocean Model. http://marine.rutgers.edu/po/index.php?model=seom) ROMS (Regional Ocean Model System. www.myroms.org) 20 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) RM (IV) Some currently used RM HOPS (Harvard Ocean Prediction System.http://modelseas.mit.edu/HOPS/) POM (Princenton Ocean Model. http://www.aos.princeton.edu/WWWPUBLIC/htdocs.pom/) HYCOM (Hybrid Coordinates Ocean Model. http://www.hycom.org/) SEOM (Spectral Element Ocean Model. http://marine.rutgers.edu/po/index.php?model=seom) ROMS (Regional Ocean Model System. www.myroms.org) 20 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS (Regional Ocean Modeling System) http://www.myroms.org 21 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Contents Introduction to ROMS physical circulation model ROMS coupling: physical-biological models, circulation-sediment transport, wave model-circulation model, sea-ice model-circulation model. Data assimilation in ROMS 22 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Contents Introduction to ROMS physical circulation model ROMS coupling: physical-biological models, circulation-sediment transport, wave model-circulation model, sea-ice model-circulation model. Data assimilation in ROMS 22 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Contents Introduction to ROMS physical circulation model ROMS coupling: physical-biological models, circulation-sediment transport, wave model-circulation model, sea-ice model-circulation model. Data assimilation in ROMS 22 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model free surface, hydrostatic primitive equations model in terrain-following coordinates 3rd-order upstream-biased advection (Shchepetkin and McWilliams, 1998) pressure gradient and equation of state give reduced s-coordinate truncation error (Shchepetkin and McWilliams, 2003a) split-explicit time-stepping of barotropic and baroclinic modes constrained for conservation of volume and tracer constancy (Shchepetkin and McWilliams 2003b) radiation open boundary conditions and 1-way embedding in exterior model domains (Marchesiello et al. 2001) 23 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model free surface, hydrostatic primitive equations model in terrain-following coordinates 3rd-order upstream-biased advection (Shchepetkin and McWilliams, 1998) pressure gradient and equation of state give reduced s-coordinate truncation error (Shchepetkin and McWilliams, 2003a) split-explicit time-stepping of barotropic and baroclinic modes constrained for conservation of volume and tracer constancy (Shchepetkin and McWilliams 2003b) radiation open boundary conditions and 1-way embedding in exterior model domains (Marchesiello et al. 2001) 23 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model free surface, hydrostatic primitive equations model in terrain-following coordinates 3rd-order upstream-biased advection (Shchepetkin and McWilliams, 1998) pressure gradient and equation of state give reduced s-coordinate truncation error (Shchepetkin and McWilliams, 2003a) split-explicit time-stepping of barotropic and baroclinic modes constrained for conservation of volume and tracer constancy (Shchepetkin and McWilliams 2003b) radiation open boundary conditions and 1-way embedding in exterior model domains (Marchesiello et al. 2001) 23 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model free surface, hydrostatic primitive equations model in terrain-following coordinates 3rd-order upstream-biased advection (Shchepetkin and McWilliams, 1998) pressure gradient and equation of state give reduced s-coordinate truncation error (Shchepetkin and McWilliams, 2003a) split-explicit time-stepping of barotropic and baroclinic modes constrained for conservation of volume and tracer constancy (Shchepetkin and McWilliams 2003b) radiation open boundary conditions and 1-way embedding in exterior model domains (Marchesiello et al. 2001) 23 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model free surface, hydrostatic primitive equations model in terrain-following coordinates 3rd-order upstream-biased advection (Shchepetkin and McWilliams, 1998) pressure gradient and equation of state give reduced s-coordinate truncation error (Shchepetkin and McWilliams, 2003a) split-explicit time-stepping of barotropic and baroclinic modes constrained for conservation of volume and tracer constancy (Shchepetkin and McWilliams 2003b) radiation open boundary conditions and 1-way embedding in exterior model domains (Marchesiello et al. 2001) 23 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model II synchronous Lagrangian particle tracking vertical turbulence closures: KPP (Large et al. 1994) and the Generalized Length Scale scheme of Umlauf, and Burchard, 2003 (http://www.gotm.net) encompassing k-e, k-w and Mellor-Yamada (1982) intermittent sub-optimal melding assimilation tangent linear and adjoint codes written; 4DVar assimilation in development (Moore et al. 2003) atmospheric, oceanic, and benthic (wave and current) boundary layers (Styles and Glenn) coupled ecosystem (7-component NPZD and EcoSim bio-optics) and sediment transport (USGS Community Model) modules 24 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model II synchronous Lagrangian particle tracking vertical turbulence closures: KPP (Large et al. 1994) and the Generalized Length Scale scheme of Umlauf, and Burchard, 2003 (http://www.gotm.net) encompassing k-e, k-w and Mellor-Yamada (1982) intermittent sub-optimal melding assimilation tangent linear and adjoint codes written; 4DVar assimilation in development (Moore et al. 2003) atmospheric, oceanic, and benthic (wave and current) boundary layers (Styles and Glenn) coupled ecosystem (7-component NPZD and EcoSim bio-optics) and sediment transport (USGS Community Model) modules 24 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model II synchronous Lagrangian particle tracking vertical turbulence closures: KPP (Large et al. 1994) and the Generalized Length Scale scheme of Umlauf, and Burchard, 2003 (http://www.gotm.net) encompassing k-e, k-w and Mellor-Yamada (1982) intermittent sub-optimal melding assimilation tangent linear and adjoint codes written; 4DVar assimilation in development (Moore et al. 2003) atmospheric, oceanic, and benthic (wave and current) boundary layers (Styles and Glenn) coupled ecosystem (7-component NPZD and EcoSim bio-optics) and sediment transport (USGS Community Model) modules 24 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model II synchronous Lagrangian particle tracking vertical turbulence closures: KPP (Large et al. 1994) and the Generalized Length Scale scheme of Umlauf, and Burchard, 2003 (http://www.gotm.net) encompassing k-e, k-w and Mellor-Yamada (1982) intermittent sub-optimal melding assimilation tangent linear and adjoint codes written; 4DVar assimilation in development (Moore et al. 2003) atmospheric, oceanic, and benthic (wave and current) boundary layers (Styles and Glenn) coupled ecosystem (7-component NPZD and EcoSim bio-optics) and sediment transport (USGS Community Model) modules 24 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model II synchronous Lagrangian particle tracking vertical turbulence closures: KPP (Large et al. 1994) and the Generalized Length Scale scheme of Umlauf, and Burchard, 2003 (http://www.gotm.net) encompassing k-e, k-w and Mellor-Yamada (1982) intermittent sub-optimal melding assimilation tangent linear and adjoint codes written; 4DVar assimilation in development (Moore et al. 2003) atmospheric, oceanic, and benthic (wave and current) boundary layers (Styles and Glenn) coupled ecosystem (7-component NPZD and EcoSim bio-optics) and sediment transport (USGS Community Model) modules 24 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model II synchronous Lagrangian particle tracking vertical turbulence closures: KPP (Large et al. 1994) and the Generalized Length Scale scheme of Umlauf, and Burchard, 2003 (http://www.gotm.net) encompassing k-e, k-w and Mellor-Yamada (1982) intermittent sub-optimal melding assimilation tangent linear and adjoint codes written; 4DVar assimilation in development (Moore et al. 2003) atmospheric, oceanic, and benthic (wave and current) boundary layers (Styles and Glenn) coupled ecosystem (7-component NPZD and EcoSim bio-optics) and sediment transport (USGS Community Model) modules 24 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model III The data assimilation: Try to use the measured data to improve the model results There are two main methods to do data assimilation: Ensemble Kalman Filter and Variational methods ROMS has implemented a variational method 25 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model III The data assimilation: Try to use the measured data to improve the model results There are two main methods to do data assimilation: Ensemble Kalman Filter and Variational methods ROMS has implemented a variational method 25 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model III The data assimilation: Try to use the measured data to improve the model results There are two main methods to do data assimilation: Ensemble Kalman Filter and Variational methods ROMS has implemented a variational method 25 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model IV The data 4DVAR method: It is based in three parts: Forward model, tangent linear model and adjoint model Forward model is the full model running all the equations as it is Tangent linear model: the linearisation of the non-linear (forward) model Adjoint model: the time-backwards model calculated from the thagent linear model. 26 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model IV The data 4DVAR method: It is based in three parts: Forward model, tangent linear model and adjoint model Forward model is the full model running all the equations as it is Tangent linear model: the linearisation of the non-linear (forward) model Adjoint model: the time-backwards model calculated from the thagent linear model. 26 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model IV The data 4DVAR method: It is based in three parts: Forward model, tangent linear model and adjoint model Forward model is the full model running all the equations as it is Tangent linear model: the linearisation of the non-linear (forward) model Adjoint model: the time-backwards model calculated from the thagent linear model. 26 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model IV The data 4DVAR method: It is based in three parts: Forward model, tangent linear model and adjoint model Forward model is the full model running all the equations as it is Tangent linear model: the linearisation of the non-linear (forward) model Adjoint model: the time-backwards model calculated from the thagent linear model. 26 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications ROMS model V: 4DVAR Fig. from http://www.ecmwf.int/newsevents/training/ 27 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Contents 1 Overview 2 General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) 3 ROMS model 4 ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea 28 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Upwelling 29 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Upwelling II: Results 30 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Cape 31 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Cape II: results 32 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Contents 1 Overview 2 General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) 3 ROMS model 4 ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea 33 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Experimental System for Predicting Shelf and Slope Optics 34 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Espresso 35 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Contents 1 Overview 2 General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) 3 ROMS model 4 ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea 36 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Philipines Archipielago Straits 37 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Philipines Archipielago Straits 38 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Contents 1 Overview 2 General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) 3 ROMS model 4 ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea 39 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea To provide useful forecasts of the regional heat budget south of Martha’s Vineyard, ROMS should capture the essential features of the 3-dimensional heat transport on diurnal to several day time-scales, and spatial scales of order 1 km To achieve this, we have employed a high degree of realism in the configuration of model bathymetry and forcing. The present model has fine grid spacing (1 km) and realistic bathymetry from the NGDC Coastal Relief Model, active/passive inflow/outflow open boundaries (Marchesiello et al. 2001) incorporating a bi-monthly climatology of shelf circulation The 160 x 380 resolution grid with 20 vertical levels requires approximately 2 CPU mins per model day on 16-processor HPCompaq Alphaserver. 40 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea To provide useful forecasts of the regional heat budget south of Martha’s Vineyard, ROMS should capture the essential features of the 3-dimensional heat transport on diurnal to several day time-scales, and spatial scales of order 1 km To achieve this, we have employed a high degree of realism in the configuration of model bathymetry and forcing. The present model has fine grid spacing (1 km) and realistic bathymetry from the NGDC Coastal Relief Model, active/passive inflow/outflow open boundaries (Marchesiello et al. 2001) incorporating a bi-monthly climatology of shelf circulation The 160 x 380 resolution grid with 20 vertical levels requires approximately 2 CPU mins per model day on 16-processor HPCompaq Alphaserver. 40 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea To provide useful forecasts of the regional heat budget south of Martha’s Vineyard, ROMS should capture the essential features of the 3-dimensional heat transport on diurnal to several day time-scales, and spatial scales of order 1 km To achieve this, we have employed a high degree of realism in the configuration of model bathymetry and forcing. The present model has fine grid spacing (1 km) and realistic bathymetry from the NGDC Coastal Relief Model, active/passive inflow/outflow open boundaries (Marchesiello et al. 2001) incorporating a bi-monthly climatology of shelf circulation The 160 x 380 resolution grid with 20 vertical levels requires approximately 2 CPU mins per model day on 16-processor HPCompaq Alphaserver. 40 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea CBLAST II 41 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Contents 1 Overview 2 General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models General Circulation Models Regional Models (RM) 3 ROMS model 4 ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea 42 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Alboran Sea 43 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Alboran Sea I Study and identify global change scenarios in the Mediterranean basin and subasins and their impact on the inter-annual variability of the ecosystem. To study the contribution of mesoscale and sub-mesoscale interdisciplinary processes to 3d upper ocean inter-annual variability in the Mediterranean Sea. 44 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Alboran Sea I Study and identify global change scenarios in the Mediterranean basin and subasins and their impact on the inter-annual variability of the ecosystem. To study the contribution of mesoscale and sub-mesoscale interdisciplinary processes to 3d upper ocean inter-annual variability in the Mediterranean Sea. 44 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Alboran Sea II Structure of the implementation 2 km horizontal resolution grid (260x150) with 30 vertical levels Boundary conditions from NEMO GCM model. Atmospheric forcing from ERA-40 ECMWF. Biological plankton model: Fasham model (NPZD) 45 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Alboran Sea II Structure of the implementation 2 km horizontal resolution grid (260x150) with 30 vertical levels Boundary conditions from NEMO GCM model. Atmospheric forcing from ERA-40 ECMWF. Biological plankton model: Fasham model (NPZD) 45 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Alboran Sea II Structure of the implementation 2 km horizontal resolution grid (260x150) with 30 vertical levels Boundary conditions from NEMO GCM model. Atmospheric forcing from ERA-40 ECMWF. Biological plankton model: Fasham model (NPZD) 45 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Alboran Sea III 46 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Alboran Sea IV 47 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Alboran Sea V 48 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea 49 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea 50 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea 51 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea 52 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea 53 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Conclusions Regional models are useful tools to understand or study different kind o foceanic phenomena. ROMS is a system that has a physical regional model coupled to other models or applications. The model has a broad spectra of applications, from the help to desing oceanographic campaigns to remote sensors image reconstruction. 54 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Conclusions Regional models are useful tools to understand or study different kind o foceanic phenomena. ROMS is a system that has a physical regional model coupled to other models or applications. The model has a broad spectra of applications, from the help to desing oceanographic campaigns to remote sensors image reconstruction. 54 / 54 Overview General Circulation Models vs. Regional Models ROMS model ROMS applications Analytical applications (test cases) ESPreSSO Philex CBLAST (Coupled Boundary Layers and Air-Sea Transfer) Alboran Sea Conclusions Regional models are useful tools to understand or study different kind o foceanic phenomena. ROMS is a system that has a physical regional model coupled to other models or applications. The model has a broad spectra of applications, from the help to desing oceanographic campaigns to remote sensors image reconstruction. 54 / 54
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