RISK ASSESSMENT – JUNAD DEEP EXTN. OC
1.0 Risk Assessment Plan / Disaster Management Plan
The project report has been drawn in conformity with the prevailing statutory
provisions as per Mines Act 1952, CMR 1957 applicable for safety in Opencast
Mines. However, the following matters related to safety during opencast
operations has been given a special consideration.
The rain water falling within the project area would be diverted from quarry area
providing garland drains and shall be collected towards low lying area.
However, sufficient space has been left between quarry boundary and Wardha
River for accommodating flood protection embankment.
The bench height and width would be kept as per the Statute. The gradient of
haul road should not be steeper than 1 in 16. Adequate care must be taken for
proper construction and maintenance of haul road.
The HEMM deployed in the project are equipped with suitable in-built safety
devices like audio-visual alarm, fire extinguishers, etc.
The fencing should be erected round the quarry surface so that entry to
unauthorized persons is checked. Hard hat, safety boots, dust respirators, etc.
has been provided for safe working. Necessary fund provision has been made
for the same.
SAFETY ASPECTS FOR BLASTING OPERATIONS
As explosives are required in bulk for blasting in opencast mines, provision of
Regulation-16A of CMR, 1957 should be ensured.
All blasting operations are carried out in day light. Suitable precautions are
being taken as per the Statute before and after blasting operations. Controlled
blasting technique are being practiced to minimize fly off rocks and ground
vibrations and keep them within safe limits. In order to keep the ground
vibrations within the permissible limit as per DGMS Circular No. 7 of 1997 to avoid
flying of rock fragments and also to achieve satisfactory blasting results,
optimized drilling/blasting parameters depending upon rock formation using
combination of relays/delays have been evolved.
SAFETY ASPECTS FOR OUTSOURCING/HIRING OF HEMM
Special precaution should be taken while deploying workers in the mine. Before
employing any labour to the mine proper vocational training should be
imparted and recommendations of VIII Safety Conference should be strictly
followed. Terms and conditions shall be fixed by management for deployment
of labours by leaser of HEMM as well as machineries. Some of the major
aspects are as follows :
A) For persons :
i) No persons shall be deployed unless he is trained at VTC
ii) Records in Form-B & Form-D shall be maintained.
iii) Records of Vocational Training Certificate and driving license of
operators shall be kept by HEMM outsourcing agency and shall be
made readily available for inspection by management
iv) Salaries shall be distributed in front of management representative
v) No person shall be employed unless person holds VTC certificate
and Management is informed. A record of it shall be maintained.
vi) Adequate supervision shall be maintained by qualified competent
persons.
B) For Machineries as recommended by DGMS Cir. (Tech) 1 of 1999:
i)
ii)
All the machineries to be deployed in mines should be checked
before deployment.
Regular checking of machine deployed by leaser of HEMM shall be
done. No
unfit m/c shall be deployed before the defect is
rectified.
iii) A proper record of repair and maintenance alongwith inspection
done by management and defect pointed out shall be maintained
and signed by authorised person.
iv) The trucks deployed by leaser of HEMM shall be provided with
Audio visual alarms, proper light for use at night and period when
natural light is not sufficient. Also audio visual alarms for reversing
on trucks shall be provided.
Other precautions for machines
i) RTO certificate photo copies of all vehicles shall be submitted to
management.
ii) Daily welding, monitoring, inspection shall be done by the HEMM
outsourcing agencies mechanic as directed by management.
iii) Machine manufacturers should be asked to give risk analysis.
iv) Suitable type of the fire extinguishers shall be provided in
machines.
C) General:
No person/vehicle shall be deployed at any place other than authorised
place.
All workers should obey lawful instruction of mine management.
Risk Management Plan of tipper/pay loader shall be made and
implemented.
All drivers shall obey systematic traffic rules prepared by management.
Before deploying workers they must be trained and briefed about safety
aspects in opencast mine. However during course of execution of the work, if
any accident occurs whether major or minor, the matter shall have to be
immediately informed to mine management i.e., Colliery Manager/Agent/GM
of Area so that Notices of accidents in accordance of (Reg. 9 of CMR 1957) and
Section 23 of Mines Act 1952 may be given and other necessary steps may be
taken in accordance of Section 23 of Mines Act 1952 & Reg. 9 of CMR 1957 and
other relevant laws.
MODEL TRAFFIC RULES FOR HEMM & LIGHT VEHICLES
Suitable traffic rules as per recommendations of VII Safety Conference may be
framed by Manager and implemented to ensure safe operation of dumpers,
light vehicles and other HEMM deployed in the project.
1.1 PRECAUTION AGAINST FIRE
(1)
Wild or herbaceous plants shall be removed from the mine.
(2)
No person shall deposit heated material or ashes on any opencast
(3)
(4)
(5)
working. Also no person shall light a fire or permit a fire to be
lighted in any OC working except by the permission in writing of
the Manager and only for a special purpose specified therein.
No coal shall be left exposed in coal benches more than its
incubation period to avoid fire in seam due to spontaneous
heating.
Proper type of the extinguisher to be kept in each HEMM ready for
use in case of emergency.
In coal stock coal shall be despatched on the basis of first in first
out .
1.2 GENERAL LIGHTING
The standards of lighting to be provided in opencast coal mines during
working hours at different places or areas where natural light is not sufficient
has been specified in notification as GSR 804
Dt.18.6.75[Cir.(legis)1/1976] under regulation 154 of CMR 1957. The standards
are summarised below.
Sl.
No.
1.
Location
8.
Operational area of Dragline &
Shovel
Operational area of drills
Operators cabin of shovel,
dragline
drill etc.
Dumper haul road
OB & Coal Dumps
Roadways & foot path from
bench to bench
Coal handling plant, workshop &
service buildings.
Picking conveyor of CHP
9.
Working area of Dozer
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Minimum
standard
of illumination
(LUX)
5
10
10
30
Level in which
illumination is
to be
provided
Horizontal
Vertical
Vertical
Horizontal
0.5 to 3.0
3.0
3.0
Horizontal
Horizontal
Horizontal
As per BIS
Specification
50
10
Horizontal at
level of belt at
work site
Horizontal at
level of
crawler
Lighting near the faces and haul road may be arranged by cluster of high
pressure sodium vapour lamps/metal halide/HPMV lamps located on the top
of an adjustable telescopic mast, mounted on a platform with rubber tyred
which or skids and having portable diesel generating set.
1.3 DUST SUPPRESSION
For suppression of dust water sprinkler has to be provided. Suppression of
mine dust may be done by using suitable bond, for methodology of
application DGMS Circular No.8 of 1997 may be referred.
1.4
SLOPE STABILITY
It is suggested that following action may be taken to deal with slope
stability problem.
i) Vulnerable area may be identified and marked on quarry plan.
ii)
Observation of actual alignment of fault, its throw, joints, etc. may
be recorded during the process of exploitation.
iii)
Water drainage system may be properly implemented to prevent
accumulation of water in cracks. Also dumps shall be leveled to
prevent accumulation of water over it. Proper drainage in dumps
shall be also provided to prevent erosion of toe of dump.
iv)
Regular monitoring of tension cracks,
horizontal and vertical
movement of strata in critical area may be done.
v)
Rise side slope to be reinforced if required because it has to stand
through out quarry life. No dumps/surface structures to be located
within 15m of quarry edge as it will act as surcharge there by
destabilizing the slope.
vi)
No undercutting of slopes to be done.
vii)
Proper hydrogeological studies to be done if water table is at level
of slope it should be brought down by using submersible pumps to
prevent hydrostatic pressure.
viii)
Proper selection of site for dumping to be done before dumping
place shall be made free from loose material. Dumping shall not be
done at an angle more than angle of repose of material being
dumped .
ix)
After completion of dumping operations dumps to be stabilized by
growing vegetation.
x)
Every person deployed by leaser of HEMM must be trained &
briefed about aspects related to slope stability.
1.5
HEIGHT & WIDTH OF BENCHES & MANNER OF EXTRACTION
Height of benches (both in coal & OB) shall in no case be more than
cutting/digging height of excavation.
Width of bench in coal & OB shall not be less than :
Widest equipment + 5m Ht of bench
3x largest dumper’s width.
Width of bench adopted as the maximum value amongst (a), (b) & (c)
Each cycle of operation shall consist removal of overburden followed by
extraction of the exposed coal. After extraction of coal no body shall be
employed/no work to be done at any of the benches or bottom of quarry till
benches in OB & coal are provided again from top downwards and coal is
again exposed.
1.6 RISK MANAGEMENT :
Ninth Conference on Safety in Mines recommended to adopt Risk Management
as a tool for development of appropriate health & safety management in Indian
Mines.
The Safety Management System established by a mine must ensure all risk are
identified and critical risks are controlled to ensure long term health and safety.
A Safety Management System should set the culture, framework and actions
necessary to ensure that mining operations are carried out safely.
In order to turn these commonly agreed principles into an effective safety
management system for the mine, the system may include the following
elements:
- Health & Safety Policy of the company and the mine
- Roles and Responsibilities of all levels in the organization
- Specified competencies of staff
- Safety Committee, formation and role
- Method to identify and control high risk
- Forward Programme to ensure actions to control hazards are carried out
- Emergency prepardness to cope with a hazard if it should occur
- Monitoring processes for all identified hazards with or without residual
risks
- Identification of trigger points and resultant actions if these are reached
- Safety clearance for new equipment, work methods and materials used
- Accidents Statistics collection, analysis & Actions.
- Reporting and record keeping requirements
- Auditing and review process.
1.7
CONSERVATION
Quarry limits are finalized in such a way to exploit maximum possible coal.
Although for calculation of mineable coal reserves, 10% mining losses has been
taken into account, but, in practice, all efforts would be made to minimize the
losses. If these losses are minimized to 4.5% (15 cm at each contact zone of coal
& OB + 0.5% due to blasting + 1% due to transportation of coal) then coal
reserves may increase by about 0.84 Mt, which, in turn, may reduce stripping
ratio by about 0.57 m3/t.
Separate excavator will be engaged for mining coal. OB benches would be
kept sufficient advanced to avoid mixing of coal and OB.