The KALAHICIDSS Project Impact on Impoverished Communities KAPIT-BISIG LABAN SA KAHIRAPAN Comprehensive and Integrated Delivery of Social Services A Poverty Reduction project of the GOP Begun in 2003 Aims to reduce widespread poverty through: Empowerment of citizens and, Promoting good local governance What is KALAHI-CIDSS? A way of doing things Way/process of community participation in local prioritization and allocation of public resources, planning and implementation of dev’t activities (=CDD) Transparency, access to info: community reporting and announcement of info, KC grievance redress system designed for access of citizens in the bgys and general public Participation in BA meetings/inter-bgy forum Inclusiveness in making decisions Target Communities Common Features of the Targetted Communities Poverty Incidence = Why CDD? Increases community involvement in decisionmaking and implementation Improves targeting of poorer areas Helps to improve operation and maintenance of infrastructure CDD. . . Delivers good quality and cost-effective infrastructure and public services with high rates of economic return Increases income of participating community members [1] Source: World Bank, 2005, “The Effectiveness of World Bank Support for Community-Based and -Driven Development -- An OED Study” Where are we? Region No. of Province s Ave. PI of KC Province No. of KCcovered Municipalities Ave. PI of KC municipalities CAR 5 45.9 28 52.3 IV-A 1 38.4 19 48.9 IV-B 5 43.4 30 50.8 V 6 41.5 49 43.7 VI 6 33.8 43 44.6 VII 3 34.9 25 44.5 VIII 5 41.4 58 48.2 IX 3 42 33 68.0 X 3 44.06 22 55.2 XI 3 39.43 12 51.2 XII 4 35.9 16 55.7 CARAGA 4 45.6 32 64.7 TOTAL 48 40.52 367 52.3 Funding Partners of KC WB loan to GOP KC-1 100 m USD KC Add’l Financing 59 m USD MCC/US grant KC-MCC/ MCA-P 120 m USD Other Funders AusAid Spanish Govt Japanese Embassy Others Outputs of KC-1 PhP 5.93 Bil. 5,876 community sub-projects implemented In 4,583 barangays in 200 municipalities in the 42 poorest provinces and municipalities in the country 9 ROAD BRIDGE WATER SYSTEM kalahi.dswd.gov.ph HEALTH CENTER CommunityImplemented Priorities Funded by KC DRAINAGE TRIBAL HOUSING ELECTRIFICATION WARF DUMPTRUCKS PUMPBOATS CORNMILL SCHOOL BUILDING DAY CARE CENTER Top 7 Sub-Projects (by type) No. of SubProjects 1,251 Grant Amount (PhP) 1,257,113,729 1,171 846,590,012 School Building 707 539,226,471 Barangay Health Station 482 233,515,279 Day Care Center Pre & Post Harvest Facilities Drainage System 498 221,521,738 352 182,227,144 322 196,439,727 Subtotal - 4,783 3,476,634,100 Rural Road Access Rural Water Supply System Total for KC-1 5,876 4,217,321,409 A. Facilitated Process Results (2010 Impact Evaluation) WELFARE • Household Consumption & non-food expenditures • Employment rates, particularly for women • Marketing of livestock and produce • Year Round Access to basic services (except for primary education?) SOCIAL CAPITAL & GOVERNANCE • Household Group Membership • Intra-barangay trust • Participation in Barangay Assemblies Cost-Effectiveness • Average of investments 21% EIRR for sub-project • Unit costs 8-76% lower than similar public works • 90% of investments found to be technically sound, operationally and financially sustained after 6 months of operations • Investment of PhP783 per person-beneficiary for 3 block grant cycles Our view of Poverty A condition of DEPRIVATION, where poor people are denied… Participation in decision-making Opportunities and access to basic services Ownership of assets to allow sustained income Resources to meet basic needs kalahi.dswd.gov.ph The KALAHI-CIDSS Poverty Equation DISEMPOWERMENT -lack of voice; -lack of agency to express demand; BAD GOVERNANCE -Patronage politics; -Corruption; -Sub-optimal resource use; kalahi.dswd.gov.ph P O V E R T Y The Governance – Poverty Link Poor are not consulted Resources don’t get to the poor, already scarce public resources are misused Interventions do not respond to needs of the poor Little meaningful government-citizen engagement exist Result: Poverty reduction efforts are undermined Challenge: How to improve effectiveness of poverty reduction efforts with government? What’s The Solution? Process for systematic consultation Respond to identified priorities Checks and balances (with penalties) Develop capacities Access to information Monitor and evaluate Empower poor communities to drive the process COMMUNITY-DRIVEN DEVELOPMENT How KALAHI-CIDSS does it Making resources targeted Facilitating community engagement using proven tools to mobilize and support communities to get involved Making resource use demand-driven Open project menu based on informed choice through Making PIME accessible, and popular PSA, prioritization, procurement, finance, community-based monitoring Design systems and processes that communities can use village assemblies, community volunteer committees, direct fund transfers, grievance redress Building capacity community (demand-side) and local government (supply-side) Ingredients for meaningful Government-Citizen Engagement On the part of government Institutional change: from “traditional” to “innovative” Internal change management process Decentralized decision making Develop non-traditional skills (dialogue, partnership vs contracting, etc.) Flexibility, become “nimble” (local and contextual) On the part of citizens and communities Practice active citizenship: participate – actively! Skills to manage program preparation and implementation (technical, financial, managerial) What can CDD Achieve? Facilitate claim-making for the poor Local governments more responsive to needs of the poor Complement broader public sector reform initiatives at decentralization, local planning and budgeting, with the potential to harmonize community-oriented approaches Thank you 21 kalahi.dswd.gov.ph
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