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Welcome
to Maastricht University
School of Business and Economics
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Problem Based Learning
Practice session
Introduction Day Exchange Students
29 August 2014
School of Business and Economics
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Characteristics of a tutorial group
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Group of maximum 15 students
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2-hour-meetings, twice a week
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Pre-discussion –
post discussion of
(real time) problems
School of Business and Economics
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Problem Based Learning system
• The seven jump
1 Unfamiliar words and definitions
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Problem statements
Brainstorm
Analyse and criticise
Formulate learning objectives
Study the required literature
Post discussion
School of Business and Economics
Sharing Success
Roles during the meeting
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Group member
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Discussion leader
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Is prepared and participates
Sets the agenda
Guides the discussion
Encourages participation
Summarizes the discussion
Evaluates the group functioning
Secretary
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Takes note of important elements
that are discussed
School of Business and Economics
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Roles during the meeting - II
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Tutor
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Facilitates/Assists discussion
Creates a pleasant learning environment
Contributes knowledge and experience
Questions everything
School of Business and Economics
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Facilitation I
• During the meeting you should help the audience to
understand and integrate the literature.
• Questions you should ask yourself in developing this
could be:
– What is the main message of the reading material/article?
– How do the materials/articles relate to each other?
– Do they offer differing perspectives, do they contradict, do they
complement?
– How does this session relate to the previous ones?
– How do the articles fit in the broader context of
the knowledge you developed in your previous
courses?
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Facilitation II
• Sometimes a small group of students is assigned to be
facilitators for an entire tutorial session.
• These students are responsible for entire session. They will
have to present, discuss, and illustrate the literature of the
meeting while involving and challenging the audience.
• It is important to note that this encompasses more than being
a ‘mere discussion leader’. The tutorial’s added value is the
application of the literature. As such a sequential
summary of the articles is not sufficient.
School of Business and Economics
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Grading participation in PBL
Dr. Mark Vluggen of AIM has developed the following grading schemes:
• Outstanding: Comments reflect thorough preparation. Ideas are substantive.
Arguments are persuasive. Comments provide major insight and direction for
the class. Requires active participation. (Grade: 9-10)
• Good: The student is thoroughly prepared and ideas mostly substantive.
Participant provides good insight and sometimes direction for the class.
Arguments are substantive and persuasive. Requires at least frequent
participation. (Grade: 7-8)
• Adequate: Contributions reflect adequate preparation. Comments are
sometimes substantive and provide useful insights but do not offer new
directions for the class. Sometimes arguments are presented, and are fairly well
articulated. Requires at least semi-frequent participation (Grade: 6)
• Non-participant: The person has said little or nothing in class. There is no basis
for evaluation. This person has no effect on the quality of class discussion.
(Grade: 4-5 depending on attendance).
• Unsatisfactory: Contributions demonstrate inadequate preparation. Ideas are
seldom substantive, and provide few if any insights. In class comments are
isolated, obvious, and often confusing. This person wastes class time.(Grade: 4)
School of Business and Economics
Sharing Success
Expectations, and cultural issues
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You need to take responsibility for your own
learning experiences.
The culture at SBE is open and there is little
hierarchy: you are expected to participate and
share your knowledge and ideas.
Learning through PBL can be
interesting and fun, but you
need to make it so.
School of Business and Economics
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Position of PBL in a
Learning Pyramid
Bales, 1996, EDINEB
Average
Retention Rate
Lecture
Reading
Audiovisual
Demonstration
Discussion Group
Practice by Doing
5%
10%
20%
Teach Other / Immediate Use
80%
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30%
50%
75%
Regular
teaching
methods
ProblemBasedLearning
Sharing Success
Completion rates International Business
Completion rates Economics and Business Economics
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Completion rates Fiscal Economics
Completion rates Econometrics
School of Business and Economics
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Advantages/ disadvantages of PBL
• Advantages
◦ Communication skills
◦ Presentation skills
◦ Social skills
◦ Expressing your statement clearly
◦ Gaining knowledge
• Disadvantage
◦ The functioning of the group is
dependent on the participation of the
student
School of Business and Economics
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Variations on PBL
• You might encounter courses where PBL is not strictly
followed (or not at all), depending on:
– Topic of the course (e.g. Accounting, Finance)
– Level of the course (more PBL in year 1, less in year 3/MSc)
• But still: learning is ‘student-based’ i.e.: literature
presentations, cases, facilitations
 Then what is the point of learning PBL?
• Although we do not follow PBL explicitly,
we certainly follow it implicitly. When students
know all the steps, then they can easily skip
less relevant steps of PBL. Therefore, it is still
important to learn the process of PBL.
School of Business and Economics
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?
The following slides are for the
presentation at the PBL practice
session for exchange students
School of Business and Economics
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Introduction round
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Name & age
Nationality
Experience studying/living/working abroad?
Why did you choose to come to UM?
Expectations of UM?
Expectations of PBL?
Do you know anyone who studies/d at UM?
Home university?
Educational system at home university
Major/minor?
Plans after your current studies?
Hobbies?
Interesting summer/winter activities?
Travel plans for your stay in Maastricht?
School of Business and Economics
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Introduction round
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What would be the most difficult type of food to give up?
What’s the weirdest thing you’ve ever eaten?
Name one goal you’d like to accomplish in your life?
If you could visit any place in the world, where would you go to?
And why?
What’s your ideal dream job?
If you had a time machine, where would you travel to?
If you won €1 million, what would you do with it?
If you wouldn’t study studied IB/Economics, what would you be
doing then?
If you had one extra hour of free time a day, how would you use it?
If you could spend 15 minutes with anyone, whom would you spend
your time with and why?
If we Googled your name what would we find out?
If you could live in any sitcom, which one would it be?
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PBL task: WikiLeaks
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(Un)authorized Leaking of the leaks: WikiLeaks
WikiLeaks is an international, online, not-for-profit organization which leaked millions of private,
secret, and classified information media from anonymous news sources, news leaks, and
whistleblowers.
To mention a few, according to Wikipedia, early releases included documentation of equipment
expenditures and holdings in the Afghanistan war and corruption in Kenya. In April 2010, WikiLeaks
published gunsight footage from the 12 July 2007 Baghdad airstrike in which Iraqi journalists were
among those killed. In July of the same year, WikiLeaks released the ‘Afghan War Diary’, a
compilation of more than 76,900 documents about the War in Afghanistan, not previously available
to the public. In October 2010, the organization released a package of almost 400,000 documents
called ‘the Iraq War Logs’ in coordination with major commercial media organizations. The U.S.
government was offended by the huge leaks, which may lead to potential criminal prosecution
against founder Julian Assange.
In 2013, the organisation assisted Edward Snowden (who is responsible for the 2013 mass
surveillance disclosures) in leaving Hong Kong. Sarah Harrison, a Wikileaks activist, accompanied
Snowden on the flight. Scott Shane of The New York Times stated that the Wikileaks involvement
"shows that despite its shoestring staff, limited fund-raising from a boycott by major financial firms,
and defections prompted by Mr. Assange's personal troubles and abrasive style, it remains a force to
be reckoned with on the global stage”.
The social media give out different opinions on the activities of WikiLeaks:
“We therefore have been deeply grateful for the accomplishments of WikiLeaks”
“WikiLeaks is not a news organization; it is a criminal enterprise.”
Sources:
Shane, Scott. "Offering Snowden Aid, WikiLeaks Gets Back in the Game." The New York Times. June
23, 2013.
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/21/opinion/wikileaks-and-the-global-future-of-freespeech.html
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/08/02/AR2010080202627.html
School of Business and Economics
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Evaluation and follow-up
• What was it like for you to have this session?
• Do you have any idea what you can expect and what is
expected of you?
• Any more questions?
• Any feedback on this session?
For more information, please check www.umpblprep.nl and
use the contact form if your question is not covered.
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