Thomas Allen Nadelhoffer RECENT ACADEMIC POSITIONS College of Charleston Dickinson College College of Charleston Department of Philosophy Charleston SC 29424 [email protected] http://www.thomasnadelhoffer.com Assistant Professor of Philosophy (2012 to present) Affiliate Faculty of Psychology (2014 to present) Assistant Professor of Philosophy (2006 to 2012) RESEARCH & TEACHING INTERESTS Areas of Specialization Neuroethics, Philosophy of Law, Philosophy of Mind Areas of Competence Philosophy of Psychiatry, Free Will, Moral Psychology Dissertation Intentions and Intentional Actions in Ordinary Language and the Criminal Law (Directed by Al Mele) EDUCATION Ph.D. in Philosophy M.A. in Philosophy B.A. in Philosophy Florida State University (2002-2005) Georgia State University (1996-1999) University of Georgia (1992-1996) FELLOWSHIPS 1. Post-Doctoral Fellow, The MacArthur Foundation Law and Neuroscience Project, Duke University, Supervisor: Walter Sinnott-Armstrong (2010-2011) 2. Post-Doctoral Fellow, The MacArthur Foundation Law and Neuroscience Project, U.C. Santa Barbara, Supervisor: Michael Gazzaninga (2009 to 2010) POST-DOCTORAL COURSES 1. Summer Institute in Cognitive Neuroscience, U.C. Santa Barbara (Summer 2009) 2. fMRI Acquisition and Analysis Course, University of New Mexico (Summer 2009) EXTERNAL GRANTS 1. The Templeton Foundation Intellectual Humility Project: “Humility, Conviction, and Disagreement in Morality.” Co-Principle Investigator with Jen Wright, $245,000. Other team members include Trisha Folds-Bennett, Lawrence Ngo, and Walter Sinnott-Armstrong (20132015). 2. The Templeton Foundation Big Questions in Free Will Project: “The Psychology of Free Will,” Co-Principle Investigator with Eddy Nahmias, Jonathan Schooler, and Kathleen Vohs, $295,000 (2011-2013). 3. The MacArthur Foundation Law and Neuroscience Project: “The Responsibility, Agency, and Determinism Scale,” $7,000 (2010-2011). 4. The MacArthur Foundation Law and Neuroscience Project: “Neuroprediction and Blame,” with Dena Gromet, $9,000 (2009-2011). INTERNAL GRANTS 1. College of Charleston, Dean’s Discretionary Funding for International Travel, $1,000: “The Varieties of Humility Worth Wanting” (Spring 2015) 2. College of Charleston, Dean’s Discretionary Funding for Research, $1,000: “Enhancement and Neuro-intervention” (Fall 2014) 3. College of Charleston, Dean’s Discretionary Funding for Grant Writing, $500: LOI for Self Control Project (Summer 2014) 4. College of Charleston, First Year Experience Event Grant, $2,000 (Fall 2013). 5. Dickinson College, The Andrew Mellon Foundation: Faculty Development Grant, $2,000 (Fall 2009) EDITED VOLUMES 1. Nadelhoffer, T. (2013). The Future of Punishment. Oxford University Press. 2. Nadelhoffer, T., Nahmias, E., & Nichols, S. (2010). Moral Psychology: Classical and Contemporary Readings. Wiley-Blackwell. JOURNAL ARTICLES & COMMENTARIES (* = PEER REVIEWED) 1. Nadelhoffer, T., Shepard, J., Nahmias, E., Sripada, C., & Ross, L. (2014). “The Free Will Inventory: Measuring Beliefs about Agency and Responsibility.” Consciousness and Cognition, Vol. 25: 27-41.* 2. Nadelhoffer, T., Heshmati, S., Kaplan, D., & Nichols, S. (2013) “Folk Retributivism: In Theory and Action.” Economics and Philosophy, Vol. 29: 235-261.* 3. Nadelhoffer, T., & Sinnott-Armstrong, W. (2012). “Neurolaw and Neuroprediction: Potential Promises and Perils.” Philosophy Compass, 7(9): 631-642.* 4. Nadelhoffer, T. (2012). “Attempts in Ordinary Language and the Criminal Law: A Commentary.” Jurisprudence, 3(2): 475-482. 5. Nadelhoffer, T., Bibas, S., Grafton, S., Kiehl, K., Mansfield, A., Sinnott-Armstrong, W., & Gazzaniga, M. (2012). “Neuroprediction, Violence, and the Law: Setting the Stage.” Neuroethics, 5: 67-99.* 6. Nadelhoffer, T., & Nahmias, E. (2011). “Free Will, Neuroscience, and the Criminal Law.” Thurgood Marshall Law Review, 36(2): 157-176. 7. Nadelhoffer, T. (2011). “Neural Lie Detection, Criterial Change, and Ordinary Language.” Neuroethics 4(3): 205-213. 8. Nadelhoffer, T., & Matveeva, T. (2009). “Positive Illusions, Perceived Control, and the Free Will Debate.” Mind & Language, 24: 495-522.* [Matveeva was a Dickinson College undergraduate] 9. Feltz, A., Cokely, E., & Nadelhoffer, T. (2009). “Natural Compatibilism vs. Natural Incompatibilism: Back to the Drawing Board.” Mind & Language, 24: 1-23.* 10. Nadelhoffer, T., Kvaran, T., & Nahmias, E. (2009). “Temperament and Intuition: A Commentary on Feltz and Cokely.” Consciousness and Cognition 18: 351-355. 11. Nadelhoffer, T., & Feltz, A. (2008). “The Actor-Observer Bias and Moral Intuitions: Adding Fuel to Sinnott-Armstrong’s Fire.” Neuroethics 1(2): 133-144.* 12. Nadelhoffer, T., & Nahmias, E. (2008). “Polling as a Valuable Pedagogical Tool for Teaching Philosophy.” Teaching Philosophy 30(1): 39-58.* 13. Nadelhoffer, T., & Nahmias, E. (2007). “The Past and Future of Experimental Philosophy.” Philosophical Explorations 10(2): 123-149.* [This is the third most cited research article in Philosophical Explorations] 2 14. Nadelhoffer, T., & Feltz, A. (2007). “Folk Intuitions, Slippery Slopes, and Necessary Fictions: An Essay on Smilansky’s Free Will Illusionism.” Midwest Studies in Philosophy 13(1): 202213. 15. Nadelhoffer, T. (2007). “Fringe Benefits, Side Effects, and Intentional Actions: A Reply to Feltz.” The Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology 27(1): 801-809. 16. Nadelhoffer, T. (2006). “On Trying to Save the Simple View.” Mind & Language 21(5): 565586.* 17. Nahmias, E., Morris, S., Nadelhoffer, T., & Turner, J. (2006). “Is Incompatibilism Intuitive?” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 73(1): 28-53. Reprinted in J. Knobe and S. Nichols (eds.), Experimental Philosophy. Oxford University Press (2008).* 18. Nadelhoffer, T. (2006). “Bad Acts, Blameworthy Agents, and Intentional Actions: Some Problems for Jury Impartiality.” Philosophical Explorations 9(2): 203-220. Reprinted in J. Knobe and S. Nichols (eds.), Experimental Philosophy. Oxford University Press (2008).* [This is the most cited research article in Philosophical Explorations] 19. Nadelhoffer, T. (2006). "Desire, Foresight, Intentions, and Intentional Actions: Probing Folk Intuitions" Journal of Cognition and Culture 6(1/2): 133-157.* 20. Nahmias, E., Morris, S., Nadelhoffer, T., & Turner, J. (2005). “Surveying Free Will: Folk Intuitions about Free Will and Moral Responsibility.” Philosophical Psychology 18(5): 561584.* [This is the fourth most cited research article in Philosophical Psychology] 21. Nadelhoffer, T. (2005). “Skill, Luck, and Action.” Philosophical Psychology 18(3): 343-354.* 22. Nahmias, E., Morris, S., Nadelhoffer, T., & Turner, J. (2004). “The Phenomenology of Free Will.” The Journal of Consciousness Studies 11: 162-179. Reprinted in P. Russell & O. Deery (Eds.), The Philosophy of Free Will: Essential Readings in the Contemporary Debates. Oxford University Press (2013).* 23. Nadelhoffer, T. (2004). “Blame, Badness, and Intentional Action: A Reply to Knobe and Mendlow.” The Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology 24: 259-269. 24. Nadelhoffer, T. (2004). “On Implicit Testability and Philosophical Explanations.” Philosophical Writings No. 27: 3-14.* 25. Nadelhoffer, T. (2004). “Praise, Side Effects, and Intentional Action.” The Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology 24: 196-213.* 26. Nadelhoffer, T. (2004). “The Butler Problem Revisited.” Analysis 64(3): 277-284.* BOOK CHAPTERS (* = PEER REVIEWED) 1. Nadelhoffer, T., & Wright, J. (forthcoming). “The Virtue of Humility: An Empirical Investigation.” In C. Miller & W. Sinnott-Armstrong (Eds.), Moral Psychology: Virtues and Vices (Vol.5). MIT Press. 2. Nadelhoffer, T., Wright, J., & McGuire, Q. (forthcoming). “Folk Intuitions, Neurointerventions, and the Criminal Law.” In N. Vincent (Ed.), Neuro-interventions and the Law: Regulating Human Mental Capacity. 3. Nadelhoffer, T. (forthcoming). “On the Alleged Existential Costs of Free Will Skepticism.” In G. Carusso (Ed.), Neuroexistentialism: Meaning, Morals, and Purpose in the Age of Neuroscience. 4. Schooler, J., Nadelhoffer, T., Nahmias, E., & Vohs, K. (2014). “Measuring and Manipulating Beliefs and Behaviors Associated with Free Will: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly.” In A. Mele (Ed.), Surrounding Free Will. Oxford University Press: 72-94. 5. Nadelhoffer, T. (2014). “Dualism, Libertarianism, and Scientific Skepticism about Free Will.” In W. Sinnott-Armstrong (Ed.), Moral Psychology: Neuroscience, Free Will, and Responsibility (Vol. 4). MIT Press: 209-216. 3 6. Nadelhoffer, T., & Sinnott-Armstrong, W. (2013). “Is Psychopathy a Mental Disease?” In N. Vincent (Ed.), Legal Responsibility and Neuroscience. Oxford University Press: 227-253. 7. Nadelhoffer, T., & Goya-Tocchetto, D. (2013). “The Potential Dark Side of Free Will: Some Preliminary Findings.” In G. Carusso (Ed.), Exploring the Illusion of Free Will and Moral Responsibility. Lexington Books: 121-140. 8. Nadelhoffer, T., Gromet, D., Goodwin, G., Nahmias, E., Sripada, C., & Sinnott-Armstrong, W. (2013). “The Mind, the Brain, and the Criminal Law.” In T. Nadelhoffer (Ed.), The Future of Punishment. Oxford University Press: 193-211. 9. Nadelhoffer, T. (2011). “Criminal Law, Philosophy, and Psychology: Working at the Crossroads.” In L. Green and B. Leiter (Eds.), The Oxford Studies in the Philosophy of Law. Oxford University Press: 267-289.* 10. Nadelhoffer, T. (2011). “The Threat of Shrinking Agency and Free Will Disillusionism.” In L. Nadel and W. Sinnott-Armstrong (Eds.), Conscious Will and Responsibility. Oxford University Press: 173-188. 11. Nadelhoffer, T., & Sinnott-Armstrong, W. (2011). “Experimental Ethics.” In C. Miller (Ed.) Continuum Companion to Ethics. Continuum: 261-274.* 12. Nadelhoffer, T. (2011). “Experimental Philosophy of Action.” In J. Aguilar, A. Buckareff, & K. Frankish (Eds.), New Waves in the Philosophy of Action. Palgrave-MacMillan: 50-78.* 13. Nadelhoffer, T. (2011). “Neuroscience, Violence, and the Law.” In M. Herzog-Evans (Ed.), Transnational Criminology Manual (Vol. 2). Hart Publishing: 507-523. 14. Nadelhoffer, T. (2010). “The Causal Theory of Action and the Still Puzzling Knobe Effect.” In J. Aguilar, A. Buckareff, & K. Frankish (Eds.), The Causal Theory of Action. MIT University Press (2010): 277-298.* WORKS IN PROGRESS OR UNDER REVIEW 1. Gromet, D., Goodwin, G., Tang, S., Nadelhoffer, T., & Sinnott-Armstrong, W. “Mind, Brain, and Character: How Neuroscience Affects People’s Views of Wrongdoing.” Revised and resubmitted to Cognition. 2. Goya Tocchetto, D., & Nadelhoffer, T., and Echols, M. “Luck, Desert, and Fairness: An Empirical Investigation.” Under review at Philosophy and Phenomenological Research. [Echols recently graduated from College of Charleston and is currently a research assistant] 3. Nadelhoffer, T. Wright, J., Echols, M., Perini, T., & Venezia, K. “Some Varieties of Humility Worth Wanting.” Under review at The Journal of Moral Philosophy. [Perini and Venezia are current College of Charleston undergraduates and Echols recently graduated from College of Charleston and is currently a research assistant] 4. Langville, A., Nadelhoffer, T., Perini, T., & Wright, J. “Writing Styles, Belief Systems, and Humility: A Computational Analysis.” [Perini is a current undergraduate at College of Charleston] 5. Wright, J., & Nadelhoffer, T., Ross, L., & Sinnott-Armstrong, W. “Be It Ever So Humble: An Updated Account and Scale for Humility.” 6. Nadelhoffer, T. “Retributivism and the Puzzle of Psychopathy.” TALKS, PRESENTATIONS, & COMMENTARIES 1. “Self-Control: The Linking of Self, Motivation, and Virtue” (with Jen Wright), The Interdisciplinary Moral Forum at Marquette University: Milwaukee, WI, March 2015. 2. “Measuring and Manipulating Beliefs about Free Will,” Department of Philosophy at Georgetown University: Washington, DC, March 2015. 4 3. “Some Varieties of Humility Worth Wanting,” The Moral Psychology Reading Group Workshop at Duke University: Durham, NC, February 2015. 4. “Psychopathy, Mental Illness, and Responsibility: A Test Case in Neurolaw,” Workshop for Neuroscience Majors at College of Charleston: Charleston, SC, February 2015. 5. “Luck, Desert, and Fairness: An Empirical Investigation” (with Daniela Goya Tocchetto), PhilosoFest at College of Charleston: Charleston, SC, January 2015. 6. “Enhancement, the Self, and the Lottery of Life,” The Neurointerventions in the Law Conference at Georgia State University: Atlanta, GA, September 2014. 7. “Is Measuring Humility an Act of Hubris?” The Moral Psychology Reading Group Workshop at Duke University: Durham, NC, April 2014. 8. “Is Measuring Humility an Act of Hubris?” Invited Symposium on Humility as part of the main program of the Pacific Division of The American Philosophical Association: San Diego, CA, April 2014. 9. “Pure Retributivism and the Problem of Psychopathy,” The Southern Society of Philosophy and Psychology: Charleston, SC, February 2014. 10. “Mind, Brain, and Character: How Neuroscience Affects People’s Views of Wrongdoing,” Workshop on Law and Psychiatry at The Society for Empirical Legal Studies at University of Pennsylvania Law School: Philadelphia, PA, October 2013. 11. “The Free Will Inventory,” Poster Session at The Society for Philosophy and Psychology, Brown University: Providence, RI, June 2013. 12. “Pure Retributivism and the Problem of Psychopathy,” The Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul: Porto Alegre, Brazil, March 2013. 13. “The Dark Side of Free Will,” Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul: Porto Alegre, Brazil, March 2013. 14. “Experimental Philosophy of Agency and Action.” Group Session for the Society for the Philosophy of Agency at the Pacific Division Meeting of the American Philosophical Association: Seattle, WA, April 2012. 15. “In the Face of Doom: Free Will and Psychological Distance.” Group Session for the Society for Experimental Philosophy at the Pacific Division Meeting of the American Philosophical Association: Seattle, WA, April 2012. 16. “Psychopathy, the Philosophy of Psychiatry, and Pure Retributivism.” The Consilience Project. Ohio State University: Columbus, OH, April 2012. 17. “Measuring and Manipulating Beliefs about Free Will,” with Eddy Nahmias and Chandra Sripada. Workshop on Big Questions in Free Will. Florida State University: Tallahassee, FL, January 2012. 18. “Psychopathy, the Philosophy of Psychiatry, and Pure Retributivism.” Florida State University: Tallahassee, FL, January 2012. 19. “Psychopathy, the Philosophy of Psychiatry, and Pure Retributivism.” Workshop on Responsibility, Agency, and Persons. The University of San Francisco: San Francisco CA, September 2011. 20. “Your Honor, I Call the Skeptic to the Stand?” Colloquium on the Limits of Contextualism at the Eastern Division Meeting of the American Philosophical Association: Washington, DC, December 2011. 21. “Neuroprediction, Violence, and the Law.” The Free University of Berlin, Medical School: Berlin, Germany, July 2011. 22. “Neuroprediction, Violence, and the Law.” The University of Bielefeld: Bielefeld, Germany, May 2011. 5 23. “Neuroprediction, Violence, and the Law.” North Carolina State University: Raleigh, NC, April 2011. 24. “Free Will, Neuroscience, and the Criminal Law.” Texas Southern University School of Law: Houston, TX, March 2011. 25. “Psychopathy, Nosology, Neuroscience, and the Law.” The Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janiero: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, December 2010. 26. “Neuroprediction, Violence, and the Law.” The Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janiero: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, December 2010. 27. “Neuroprediction, Violence, and the Law.” The Society for Philosophy and Psychology: Portland, OR, June 2010. 28. “Positive Illusions, Perceived Control, and the Free Will Debate.” Georgia State University: Atlanta, GA, January 2009. 29. “Positive Illusions, Perceived Control, and the Free Will Debate.” Florida State University: Tallahassee, FL, March 2008. 30. “The Psychology of Philosophy.” International Workshop on Experimental Philosophy, Cologne University: Cologne, Germany, September 2008. 31. “Disillusionment and Revolution: Free Will and Responsibility in the Age of Neuroscience.” Towards a Science of Consciousness Conference, The University of Arizona: Tucson, AZ April 2008. 32. “Experimental Philosophy: A House Divided?” Franklin and Marshall College: Lancaster PA, March 2007. 33. “The Past and Future of Experimental Philosophy.” Bowling Green State University: Bowling Green OH, February 2007. 34. “Conceptual Analysis and Folk Intuitions.” Cal State University Long Beach: Long Beach CA, February 2006. 35. “Conceptual Analysis and Folk Intuitions.” Dickinson College: Carlisle PA, February 2006. 36. “Conceptual Analysis and Folk Intuitions.” Georgia State University: Atlanta GA, January 2006. 37. “Conceptual Analysis and Folk Intuitions.” The University of Minnesota: Morris MN, February 2005. 38. “Intentions and Intentional Actions in Ordinary Language and the Law.” Florida State University College of Law Faculty Workshop: Tallahassee FL, May 2005. 39. “Preemption, Self-Defense, and Just War Theory.” Florida State University College of Law: Tallahassee FL, January 2004. COURSES TAUGHT College of Charleston: • Introduction to Philosophy (5 sections) • Knowledge & Reality (1 section) • LSAT Prep Course (2 sections) • Philosophy of Law (1 Section) • Ethics (Fall 2015) • Philosophy of Mind (2 sections) • Special Topics: Philosophy of Punishment (1 Section) • First Year Seminar: Neuroethics (1 Section) • Senior Seminar: Psychopathology and the Law (Fall 2015) • Senior Seminar: Neuroethics (1 Section) 6 • • • Honors Seminar: Neuroscience, Self, and Society (1 Section) Independent Study on Neuroenhancement (1 Section) Independent Study on Herder and Political Psychology (1 Section) Dickinson College: • Neuroethics (1 section) • Animal Welfare and Morality (1 section) • Contemporary Philosophy Workshop (3 sections) • Crime and Punishment (1 section) • Critical Reasoning (1 section) • Ethics (5 sections) • Foundations of Law and Public Policy (1 section) • Free Will (1 section) • Seminar: Punishment, Free Will, and the Sciences of the Mind (1 section) • Seminar: Free Will and Science (1 section) • Seminar: Intuitions in Philosophy (1 section) • Seminar: Morality and the Mind (1 section) • Seminar: The Philosophy of Human Rights (1 section) • Independent Study on John Rawls (1 section) • Independent Study on Cognitive Enhancement (1 section) Florida State University: • Ethical Issues (2 sections) • Introduction to Philosophy (3 sections) • The Philosophy of Law (1 section) • The Philosophy of Mind (1 section) • Reasoning and Critical Thinking (1 section) • Seminar: Free Will, Neuroscience, and the Law (1 section) Georgia State University: • Critical Thinking (16 sections) • Great Questions of Philosophy (15 sections) ADVISING • College of Charleston, Bachelor’s Essay in Neuroscience (2014-2015) • Dickinson College, Honors Thesis Advisor (2008-2009) • Dickinson College, Honors Thesis Advisor (2007-2008) • Dickinson College, Honors Thesis Advisor (2007-2008) SERVICE The Professional Community: 1. Referee for American Philosophical Quarterly, Broadview Press, Consciousness and Cognition, Economics and Philosophy, Erkenntnis, Ethics, The Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology, Law and Philosophy, Mind, Mind & Language, MIT Press, Neuroethics, Oxford University Press, Philosophers’ Imprint, Philosophical Papers, Philosophical Psychology, Philosophy Compass, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 7 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Philosophy of Science, Routledge, and Social Theory and Practice, WIREs Cognitive Science, and Wiley-Blackwell. Founder and Coordinator (with Kevin Timpe) of the Disability and Disadvantages blog (2015present). Developing Philosophical Exchanges—which will be a new online, open access, philosophy journal (2014 to present). Member of the Editorial Board for Bloomsbury Publishing’s Advances in Experimental Philosophy Book Series (2013 to present). Honorary Member of the Brain Institute at The Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul: Porto Alegre, Brazil (2013 to present). Founder and Coordinator of the Flickers of Freedom blog (2010 to present). Founder and Coordinator of The Law and Neuroscience Blog (2009 to 2011). Contributor to Harvard Law School’s The Situationist blog (2009 to present). Co-Founder, President, and Member of the Executive Committee, The Experimental Philosophy Society (XPS) (2009 to present). Founder and Program Chair of the 1st and 2nd On-line Philosophy Conferences (May 2007 & May 2008): OPC 1 & OPC 2. Founder and Coordinator of the Experimental Philosophy blog (2004 to present). College of Charleston: 1. Organized the 2nd College of Charleston PhilosoFest (Fall 2015). Invited Keynote Speakers: Susan Wolf and Kristie Dotson. Departmental Speakers: Deborah Boyle, Todd Grantham, Sheridan Hough, Larry Krasnoff, Jonathan Neufeld, and Richard Nunan. 2. Speaker for the Neuroscience Program’s Workshop for Senior Majors (Spring 2015). 3. Organized the 1st College of Charleston PhilosoFest (Spring 2015). Invited Keynote Speaker: Valerie Tiberius. Departmental speakers: Jen Baker, Christian Coseru, Daniela GoyaTocchetto, Ned Hettinger, Glenn Lesses, Rachel McKinnon, and Thomas Nadelhoffer. 4. Commentator for Honors College Student Colloquium on Ethics and Addiction (Fall 2014). 5. HSS Faculty Representative at the Annual Future Leaders Dialogue Dinner at Atlantic Institute (Fall 2014). 6. Organized faculty and student reading group for Adrian Raine’s The Anatomy of Violence (Fall 2013). 7. Campus Wide FYE Talk: “Neuroethics” (Spring 2013). 8. Interview Team Member for Job Search (Fall 2012). 9. Campus Wide FYE Talk: “Neuroscience & Animal Minds” (Fall 2012). 10. Department Talk: “Believing in Free Will: An Interdisciplinary Investigation” (Fall 2012). 11. Member of the Undergraduate Research Committee (2012-2013 & 2013-2014). 12. Graduate Studies Liaison (2012-2013 & 2013-2014). REFERENCES 1. Brian Leiter, John P. Wilson Professor of Law and Director, Center for Law, Philosophy, and Human Values, The University of Chicago Law School: [email protected] 2. Alfred Mele, William H. and Lucyle T. Werkmeister Professor of Philosophy, Florida State University: [email protected] 3. Shaun Nichols, Professor of Philosophy, University of Arizona: [email protected] 4. Walter Sinnott-Armstrong, Chauncey Stillman Professor in Practical Ethics in the Department of Philosophy and the Kenan Institute for Ethics, Duke University: [email protected] 8 9
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