Idea n°1 – Make everybody ccoperative in class G airpsce VLOS & E-VLOS flight EVLOS operations are operations, either within or beyond 500 m / 400 ft, where the Remote Pilot is still able to comply with his collision avoidance responsibilities, but the requirement for the Remote Pilot to maintain direct visual contact with the UA is addressed via other methods or procedures. It is important to note, however, that collision avoidance is still achieved through ‘visual observation’ (by the Remote Pilot and/or RPA Observers). Station sol Flarm Flarm equipped See Be seen… One part of the solution: increase the number of cooperative GA aircraft… Detection of an RPA by a glider, both equipped with Flarm Onera flight tests « IDEAS » BA701 gliders + Busard aircraft 2 General aviation initiative : FLARM use How does it work? – it is only a pilot “awareness enhancer” Moderate threat from ca. 2 o'clock (less than 18 seconds to calculated collision) : slow flash at 2Hz Medium threat from 1 o'clock (less than 13 seconds to calculated collision) : medium flash at 4Hz Vertical indication Immediate threat from 1 to 2 o'clock (less than 8 seconds to calculated collision): rapid flash at 6Hz 3 Traffic indication No flashing) General aviation initiative : FLARM advantages and drawbacks General aviation pilot acceptance       Does not change any pilots habits, rules … Provides a real service at a low acquisition cost Low use and installation costs Low energy consumption Low volume and mass Range adapted to the S&A function (it is not a surveillance device such as the long range ADS/B designed for ATC use) Policy issues  Currently no approval guidance for such avionics  Frequency not protected 4 Conclusion: a future situation? Once all air mobiles are cooperative: – General aviation gets a better safety – RPAs have an improved capability to sense and avoid other aircraft! www.flarm.com More than 25000 Flarms are in use today! 5 6 http://youtu.be/mRbw7sg5lUM 8