WATER INTAKE RISERS FOR PRELUDE
FLNG
 Prelude FLNG Project Overview
 WIR Concept Selection
 WIR Concept Description
 WIR Installation on FLNG
 Response in Extreme Events
 Fatigue Design
 Flow Induced Vibratiions
Mike Efthymiou
Professor of Offshore Engineering,
University of Western Australia (UWA)
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PRELUDE FLOATING LNG
Facilities for gas production, liquefaction, storage of LNG, LPG and
condensate & direct offloading to market – all on FLNG
Designed to be permanently connected and permanently manned
Hull, Topside structures, moorings, risers all designed to survive 10,000
year environmental conditions, including tropical cyclones
FLNG Facility is 488m long, 74m wide – largest vessel ever
LNG Production: 3.6 mtpa
LPG Production: 0.4 mtpa
Condensate:
1.3 mtpa
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FLNG CONSTRUCTION – Hull floated out of dry dock Dec 2013
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FLNG CONSTRUCTION: INSTALLATION OF MODULE 3P1 – Jan ’15
Module 3P1 being lifted from Quayside (left photo) onto
FLNG (right photo) using floating crane. Lift weight 2900mT.
.
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LIQUEFACTION PROCESS
 Liquefa ction process requires
la rge volumes of cooling
wa ter
 Cold wa ter boosts the process
efficiency ~ more LNG
production
 Dua l Mixed Refrigera nt
successfully a pplied in
Sa kha lin a nd chosen for Shell
FLNG
 Sma ll footprint
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WATER INTAKE RISERS – FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS
Key Functional Requirements:
 Deliver 50,000 m 3 / h of cooling wa ter
 Wa ter inta ke depth : 150m below sea level
 Spa ring philosophy: Allow for 1 spa re riser
 Retrea va ble for ma inta ina nce & inspection
 25 yea rs of service life
Wa ter inta ke risers
Avoid collision with moorings & risers
Typica l wa ter tempera ture profile in NW Austra lia
Tempera ture (°C)
6-10 °C
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WIR – CONCEPT SELECTION
Individual risers
Riser Bundle
+ Ea sy cha nge-out
+ Protected from boa t impa ct
– Interferes with ma rine a ctivity
+ Sma ll footprint
– Requires protection ba lcony
– Dedica ted cra ne to retrieve riser
– La rge footprint on deck (piping)
Rubber
Steel
+ Flexible – ca n a ccommoda te vessel
+ Extensive experience
motion
– Unknown fa ilure modes
– Difficult life time prediction
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+ Weight just right
- Rubber only a t hull interfa ce
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STEEL WATER INTAKE RISER BUNDLE
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Riser hang-off system
Hull
Flexible
Rubber Hoses
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Dynamic Performance of the WIR
Performance Criteria

Von-Mises Stress below yield in 10,000 yrs cyclone conditions

No collision with flexible risers a nd mooring lines

No compression in rubber hose in 10,000 yrs cyclone conditions

Fa tigue life of 25 yea rs with a sa fety fa ctor of 10
Unique challenges for a water intake riser bundle
1. La rge interna l flow in the pipe
2. Vortex-induced vibra tion of a riser bundle in a current
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Effect of internal flow in the pipe
Before investigation
Theory
Unsta ble beha viour
for Uf > 0 m/ s
FLNG VESSEL
Experiments Sta ble beha viour
uf
Free ha nging riser
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Experiments at Delft Hydraulics
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Experiments at Delft Hydraulics
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EFFECT OF INTERNAL FLOW IN THE PIPE
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Effect of internal flow in the pipe
Before investigation
Theory
Unsta ble beha viour
for Uf > 0 m/ s
FLNG VESSEL
Experiments Sta ble beha viour
After investigation
Theory
Unsta ble beha viour
for Uf > critica l speed
Experiments Complex unsta ble
beha viour for Uf > critica l
speed
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Free ha nging riser
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Vortex-induced vibrations of an individual riser
VIV characteristics
 Na tura l frequency = Shedding Frequency of Vortices
 Amplitude ~ 1 x dia meter
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Vortex-induced vibrations of a riser bundle
OPTION 1
5D
OPTION 2
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Vortex-induced vibrations of a riser bundle

Sca le 1:45 (Length of model is 3.3 m)

Risers slide through spa cers
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Vortex-induced vibrations of a riser bundle
OPTION 3
SUPPRESSION
OPTION
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Vortex-induced vibrations of a riser bundle
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Vortex-induced vibrations of a riser bundle
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Installation of water intake riser bundle
 Structura l riser is stored on deck of the
FLNG vessel
 Build riser piece by piece until
 Ha ng first piece of structura l riser in
riser a ssembly tower
 Structura l riser is a ssembled
completion
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Piece by piece built from Rat on flng vessel
 Connect structura l riser to rigging
 Lower riser a nd disconnect
pedesta l cra ne using a ROV
 Reconnect a nd retrieve riser with
pedesta l cra ne, connect top pa rt
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 Wa ter inta ke riser is insta lled
from FLNG vessel
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PRELUDE WI RISERS: Innovations Taking Shape
 As far a possible PRELUDE uses proven and tested systems and components brought
together in innovative ways – However, some new concepts e.g. Offloading Arms, WIR
 WI Risers: Largest ever in terms of throughput; new concept, new components, new
phenomena (in-flow induced vibrations, bundle riser VIV, Riser Hanger Assembly)
 Design development went through a maturation process, including small-scale tests,
prototype experiments and CFD analyses
 De-risking of New Technology through FEED, Detailed Design & Construction to ensure
full-size systems perform as intended – In a multi-billion $ project …get it right 1st time
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