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23/03/2015
Analysis of Key User Response to
BELAIR2015 Campaign Questionnaire
BELAIR2015 Kick-Off Meeting, BELSPO, 20 March 2015
BELAIR2015 CAMPAIGN QUESTIONNAIRE
» Questionnaire sent to BELAIR Key-Users on 12 March 2015
Stephanie Delalieux (VITO) for HESBANIA-Horticulture
Bas van Wesemael (UCL) for HESBANIA-Soil
Viviane Planchon (CRA-W) for HESBANIA-Agriculture
Els Knaeps (replacing Dries Raymaekers) (VITO) for LITORA-Zeebrugge
Jaak Monbaliu (KUL) for LITORA-Yzermonding
Jeroen Vandenborre (INBO) for LITORA-Het Zwin and LITORA-Laege
Moere
» Boud Verbeiren (VUB) for SONIA-Brussels and SONIA-Forest
»
»
»
»
»
»
© 2014, VITO NV
BELAIR2015 - HESBANIA
» Theme: agriculture and horticulture
» Goal: optimizing fruit orchard management, determining soil organic carbon
in croplands, crop monitoring and anomaly detection from parcel to local
and regional scale
© 2014, VITO NV
HESBANIA QUESTIONNAIRE RESPONSE
BELAIR sub site
Thematic topic
PI
Team
Validation
HESBANIAHorticulture
Fruit orchard
management
optimization
VITO:
Stephanie
Delalieux
KUL: Laurent Tits
Uhasselt: Roland Valcke
Ugent: Kathy Steppe
VITO: Sindy Sterckx and
Else Swinnen
Validation of PROBA-V 100 m reflectance product
HESBANIASoil
Determining soil
organic carbon in
croplands from APEX
imagery
UCL: Bas van
Wesemael
UCL: Antoine Stevens,
Kristof Van Oost
Preparing for EnMAP
HESBANIAAgriculture
Crop monitoring
CRA-W:
Viviane
Planchon (
CRA-W:
Yannick Curnel
Jean-Pierre Goffart
Fériel Ben Abdallah
VITO:
Isabelle Piccard
UCL:
Pierre Defourny
Aurélie Bellavia
ULg :
Bernard Tychon
Validated products (iPot ):
Information on crop growth and development:
Maps with the current development stage of the potato crop
Crop emergence maps illustrating the time (date) and degree of crop
emergence and crop closure (in terms of % cover).
Crop senescence maps reflecting the % cover of non-photosynthetic active
vegetation
Validated products (BELCAM) :
Crop type sequence (including winter coverage and intermediate crop)
Chlorophyll indicators (derived from Landsat, DMC)
Leaf chlorophyll content (with red-edge from S-2)
LAI, fAPAR (from S2, LDCM and PROBA-V)
Validated products:
PROBA-V 100m reflectances
© 2014, VITO NV
HESBANIA QUESTIONNAIRE RESPONSE
BELAIR sub site
Satellite
APEX
UAV
In situ+add purpose
HESBANIAHorticulture
Pléiades
PROBA-V
MODIS
Y
Bi-weekly from AprilOctober;
VITO eBee-Red-Edge
VITO eBee-multispectral
HESBANIASoil
No need
Y (as soon as
possible for
bare fields)
Own UAV to investigate
correction for soil
roughness and moisture
content
Equipment
available for other
BELAIR2015 users
ASD performance
check at VITO
required
Constraints
VITO equipment:
Sunphotometer for AOT
ASD for reflectance
Dualex for chlorofyl and
anthocyanines
No: VITO ASD is
already calibrated
For validation of
PROBA-V 100 m
reflectance product,
APEX flight concurrent
with NADIR PROBA-V
overpass ;
homogeneous fields of
min. 300mx300m
pixels
Own equipmnent:
ASD for reflectance
Yes (UCL)
VITO equipment:
Sun photometer for AOT and
water vapour
HESBANIAAgriculture
Already
covered
by iPot
and
BELCAM
+PROBAV 100 m
Y
Ideally two
flights
BELCAM and iPot: 7 to
10-daily measurements
on selected fields
BELCAM:
(winter wheat):
10 – 30 May
Period of interest: 10
May – 30 May for winter
wheat, 10-30 June for
potatoes (for leaf
senescence studies to be
extended to 2-30
August)
BELCAM
(potatoes)+CRAW research on
potatoes
nitrogen rate
and irrigation:
10-30 June
APEX flight
BELAIR2013+ext
ension to the
South
5 May-20 July
Own equipment:
CROPSCAN for reflectance
Multiplex 375 for chlorofyl l
fluorescence
SPAD/HNT chlorophyll meter
for leaf transmittance
VITO equipment:
Sunphotometer for AOT
ASD for reflectance
CRA-W: 2 UAV flights
(which sensors ?)
when?) (incl. weekly
ground-based readings
with fluorimeters and
radiometers)
VITO eBee+RGB,
eBee+Red-Edge or
eBee+multispectral
VITO Octocopter+RGB
© 2014, VITO NV
Hand-held
Chlorofyll meters
(SPAD/HNT) to
measure leaf
transmittance,
portable
radiometer
(CROPSCAN) to
measure biomass
reflectance (visible
and NIR)
No. VITO ASD is
already calibrated
BELAIR2015 - LITORA
» Theme: coastal & environmental
» Goal: water quality at Port of Zeebrugge, sediment deposition at Yzer
estuary and biodiversity at natural parks of Zwin and Laege Moere
© 2014, VITO NV
LITORA QUESTIONNAIRE RESPONSE
BELAIR sub -site
Thematic topic
PI
Team
LITORA-Yzermonding
Coasts and estuaries: tidal flat biofilm
dynamics and heterogeneity
KUL: Jaak Monbaliu
TBD
LITORA-Zeebrugge
Water quality: sediment concentration
VITO: Els Knaeps
VITO:
Els Knaeps
Liesbeth De Keukelaere
Sindy Sterckx
Jan Vanhout
Luc Bertels
LITORA-Zwin
Vegetation & biodiversity
INBO: Jeroen Vanden Borre
KUL: Ben Somers
Upscale the developed image
analysis algorithms to satellite
level
LITORA-Laege Moere
Vegetation & biodiversity
INBO: Jeroen Vanden Borre
KUL: Ben Somers
Upscale the developed image
analysis algorithms to satellite
level
» Summary of BELAIR2015 questionnaire response
© 2014, VITO NV
Validation
Focus lies on the acquisition of
UAV imagery and relation to
sediment concentration in the
water. Both satellite and
airborne data are considered as
nice-to-have for
validation/cross-checking of
these products, but the high
variation in water quality over
time/location + difficult planning
related to airborne/high
resolution satellite imagery
makes it operational hard to
acquire the right dataset.
LITORA QUESTIONNAIRE RESPONSE
BELAIR sub -site
Satellite
APEX
UAV
In situ + add purpose
ASD
performance
check at VITO
required
Constraints
No
Low tide
No. VITO ASD
is already
calibrated
Field data
acquisition must
be within 1min
to overpass of
UAV, airborne,
satellite sensor
?
?
Preferably low
tide.
Vegetation
climax: June-July
?
?
Vegetation
climax: May –
first half of June
» Summary of BELAIR2015 questionnaire response
LITORAYzermonding
LITORAZeebrugge
Landsat-8
Sentinel 1
Other (TBD)
PLEIADES
Landsat-8
DMC
Yes
Dates with low water between
10 am-2pm (flight needs to be
made +/- 1 hr before or after
low tide):
JUNE: 19 (10:14), 22 (12:13), 23
(12:57), 24 (13:47)
JULY: 6 (11:26), 7 (12:14), 8
(14:00).
Weekends: JUNE 20 (10:54) and
21 (11:33) and JULY 5 (10:40) are
also suitable.
Yes
VITO eBee+multispectral (if
possible hyperspectral)
Dates with suitable low tide
(between 10 am – 2 pm):
June 19, 22, 23, 24, July 6, 7,
8, 9
Other BELAIR user:
ASD (KUL-Pol Coppin)
No
If possible , micro-hyperspec
data from lightweight aircraft.
Reasons:
More flexible, flying below the
clouds and over complete tidal
cycle.
VNIR is sufficient.
VITO Octocopter+NIR camera
Own equipment (IMDC):
Turbidity logger for
turbidity
Ideally available all day for
within tide time series
VITO equipment:
ASD (depending on
availability)
Sun photometer
GPS
VITO equipment:
Filtering of samples for
TSM
ASD for reflectance
Preferably in September due to
availability of personnel for
campaign planning and
execution
LITORA-Zwin
LITORA-Laege
Moere
Multitemporal, high spatial
and spectral resolution
satellite imagery (e.g.
Worldview2)
If possible Hyperspectral
Satellite Imagery (EnMAP,
etc.)
Yes
Multitemporal, high spatial
and spectral resolution
satellite imagery (e.g.
Worldview2)
If possible Hyperspectral
Satellite Imagery (EnMAP,
etc.)
Yes
Own UAV (INBO): Gatewing
X100 with RGB camera
VITO: eBee+Red-Edge,
eBee+MS
Own UAV (INBO): Gatewing
X100 with RGB camera
VITO: eBee+Red-Edge,
eBee+MS
© 2014, VITO NV
BELAIR2015- SONIA
» Theme: urban & forestry
» Goal: spatiotemporal estimation and monitoring of water and energy fluxes
in urban areas and forest ecosystems
© 2014, VITO NV
SONIA QUESTIONNAIRE RESPONSE
BELAIR sub -site
Thematic topic
PI
Team
Validation
SONIA-Brussels
Urban water & heat, urban
green, urban materials,
interception &
evapotranspiration
VUB: Boud Verbeiren
VUB: Frank Canters
KUL: Ben Somers
Ugent: Frieke Van Coillie
Landsat 8 and/or ASTER derivatives (e.g. LAI)
Simulated EnMap
Based on VHR orthophotos validation blocks (usually
the size of building blocks or major streets) are
constructed wherein relative occurrences of different
LC classes are known. Compared to per-pixel or small
polygon (hard validation) approaches this method is
less susceptible to errors due to geometric shifts
between images from different sensors.
Spatiotemporal estimation
and
monitoring of water and
energy fluxes in urban
areas
SONIA-Forest
© 2014, VITO NV
SONIA QUESTIONNAIRE RESPONSE
BELAIR sub -site
Satellite
APEX
UAV
In situ+add purpose
ASD
performance
check at VITO
required
Constraints
SONIA-Brussels
Landsat 8
(ASTER if available
and no near Landsat8 acquisition time))
Sentinel-1
Yes, 15 June-15
July fine but see
constraints
(preference as
close as possible
to 15 June and
solar noon)
No
Own equipment:
ASD Fieldspec3 for reflectance
Yes (VUB)
To capture peak of growing
season and spectral
difference between oak
and beech, as close as
possible to 15 June.
To reduce shadow, (very
relevant in urban areas) as
close as possible to solar
noon.
SS1 SunScan for LAI
SapFlow instrument for SapFlow/Transpiration
Theta probe 3 for soil moisture
+
Hobo logger for meteorological parameters (T, RH)
Lidar > Structural
characteristics of
urban green
Clinometer
Measurement tape for
Tree and shrub dimensions (height, diameter,…)
Precision balance for grass biomass, GAI
Spectrophotometry for Chlorophyl content
vegetation
Precision balance for
water content vegetation
+
Vegetation type and species
VITO equipment
microtops II sun photometer: visibility and water
vapor
SONIA-Forest
© 2014, VITO NV
QUESTIONNAIRE – CONCLUSIONS
AND POINTS FOR DISCUSSION
» Preferred time APEX flight:
» HESBANIA-Horticulture: PROBA-V nadir overflight (dates to be provided by Sindy
Sterckx)
» HESBANIA-Soil: asap
» HESBANIA-Agriculture: ideally 2 flights: winter wheat 10-30 May, potatoes 10 June-30
June, concurrent with PROBA-V nadir overflight (dates to be provided by Sindy Sterckx)
» LITORA-Yzermonding: Dates with low water between 10am-2pm (flight needs to be
made +/- 1 hr before or after low tide): JUNE: 19 (10:14), 22 (12:13), 23 (12:57), 24
(13:47) JULY: 6 (11:26), 7 (12:14), 8 (14:00). Weekends: JUNE 20 (10:54) and 21 (11:33)
and JULY 5 (10:40) are also suitable.
» LITORA-Zeebrugge: » LITORA-Zwin: June-July
» LITORA-Laege Moere: May-1st half of June
» SONIA-Brussels: as close a possible to 15 June and solar noon
» SONIA-Forest: ?
© 2014, VITO NV
QUESTIONNAIRE – CONCLUSIONS
AND POINTS FOR DISCUSSION
» VITO UAV
» HESBANIA-Horticulture: justification (scientific and user base) required for biweekly April-October, eBee RGB, eBee RE, eBee MS
» HESBANIA-Soil: » HESBANIA-Agriculture: justification (scientific and user base) 7-10 daily 10
May-30 May (winter wheat) and 10-30 June (potatoes) (senescence 2-30
August), eBee RGB, eBee RE, eBee MS, octocopter RGB +2 UAV flights (which
sensors?, when?, user base?)
» LITORA-Yzermonding: eBee MS (no hyperspectral camera available) (ideally all
day)
» LITORA-Zeebrugge: September, Octocopter + NIR (with Dronesed funding)
» LITORA-Zwin: eBee RE, eBee MS
» LITORA-Laege Moere: eBee RE, eBee MS (concurrent with APEX or May-1st half
of June?)
» SONIA-Brussels:» SONIA-Forest: ?
© 2014, VITO NV
QUESTIONNAIRE – CONCLUSIONS
AND POINTS FOR DISCUSSION
» VITO equipment
»
»
»
»
»
»
»
»
»
HESBANIA-Horticulture: ASD, sun photometer
HESBANIA-Soil: sun photometer (asap)
HESBANIA-Agriculture: ASD, sun photometer
LITORA-Yzermonding: ASD, sun photometer, GPS
LITORA-Zeebrugge: ASD (September)
LITORA-Zwin: ?
LITORA-Laege Moere: ?
SONIA-Brussels: sun photometer
SONIA-Forest: ?
© 2014, VITO NV
BELAIR2015 – ASD SPECTRAL AND
RADIOMETRIC PERFORMANCE
VERIFICATION
» Uniform measurement protocol and verification of spectral and
radiometric performance of ASD spectroradiometers of UCL, VUB, KUL
(?): spectral (Erbium, Mylar), radiometric (synthetic panels, stability)
© 2014, VITO NV
BELAIR2015 CAMPAIGN – CONTACTS
DURING PREPARATION
» BELAIR: [email protected]
» Flight planning: [email protected]
» Data processing: [email protected]
» ASD performance verification: [email protected]
» HESBANIA: [email protected]
» HESBANIA-Horticulture: [email protected]
» HESBANIA-Soil: [email protected]
» HESBANIA-Agriculture: [email protected]
» LITORA: [email protected]
» LITORA-Zeebrugge: [email protected]
» LITORA-Yzermonding: [email protected]
» LITORA-Zwin and Laege Moere: [email protected]
» SONIA Brussels and Forest: [email protected]
© 2014, VITO NV
BELAIR2015 CAMPAIGN – CONTACTS
DURING CAMPAIGN
» Flight campaign manager (APEX,VITO UAV, ASD, sun photometer):
[email protected]; 014/33 68 63; 0493/09 85 32
» APEX: [email protected]; 014/33 68 22
» VITO UAV: [email protected]; 014/33 67 12
» VITO ASD, sun photometer: [email protected]; 014/33 68 59
© 2014, VITO NV
LITERATURE ON SAMPLING DESIGN AND
VALIDATION SITES
»
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»
»
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»
For sampling design and validation approach, see presentation of BELAIR Validation Activities
by Walter Debruyn and Keynote presentation by Frédéric Baret presented at the BELAIR
Workshop, 13 June 2014, Grand-Leez (http://belair.vgt.vito.be/content/downloads).
SEN2FLEX: Sobrino et al., “Thermal remote sensing in the framework of the SEN2FLEX
project: field measurements, airborne data and applications”, International Journal of
Remote Sensing, Vol. 29, Nos. 17–18, 4961-4991 (2008)
SAT validation: Fensholt et al., “Evaluating MODIS, MERIS, and VEGETATION Vegetation
Indices Using In Situ Measurements in a Semi-arid Environment”, IEEE Transactions on
Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 44, No. 7, 1774-1786 (2006)
Data fusion: Qu et al., “A dynamic Bayesian network data fusion algorithm for estimating leaf
area index using time-series data from in situ measurement to remote sensing
observations”, International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 33, No. 4, 1106-1125 (2012)
Site extent and sampling schemes: Morisette et al., “Validation of Global ModerateResolution LAI Products: A Framework Proposed Within the CEOS Land Product Validation
Subgroup”, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 44, No. 7, 1804-1817
(2006)
Barrax: Su et al., “Quantification of land–atmosphere exchanges of water, energy and carbon
dioxide in space and time over the heterogeneous Barrax site”, International Journal of
Remote Sensing, Vol. 29, Nos. 17–18, 5215–5235 (2008)
© 2013, VITO NV