1. No category

Linear Fresnel Reflectors
Concentrated Solar Power:
cost reduction and
performance improvement
trends
Simon Benmarraze
SOLAR EUROMED
IRENA Workshop
March 23rd 2015
Linear Fresnel Reflectors is a proven, mature and competitive
technology with plant track record over 200 MWe
LFR Technology Players:
International Footprint
LFR CSP Player
Country
LFR Technology Advantages
•
Direct Steam Generation capability (rarely used in other CSP technologies),
eliminating need for heat exchangers that increase plant costs and reduce
thermal energy production efficiency
•
Very suitable technology for Hybridization and Process Steam applications
•
Highly variable temperature and pressure ranges reaching 550°C
•
Commercial thermal storage systems available
•
High modularity, ranging from a few hundred kilowatts to several megawatts
Solar Euromed
France
CNIM
France
Industrial Solar
Germany
Soltigua
Italy
•
Low environmental impact due to the limited raw material use and deletion
of synthetic fluids (often used in other CSP technologies)
FERA Solar
Italy
•
Lowest CAPEX and levelized cost of energy (LCOE) due to its modularity,
simple and efficient design, DSG and low O&M requirements
KGDS
India
Himin Solar
China
Hainan Sanya
China
Hitashi Zosen
Japan
Sunvapor
USA
DCTC
China
Novatec Solar
Germany
LFR Plant Cost Structure
Civil works and assemblies
8% 9%
5%
5%
27%
Solar field and HTF system
46%
Conventional Power Block
Land purchase & Project
Development
Source : ESTELA, EU Strategic Energy Roadmap, Internal Studies
Exclusive property of Solar Euromed SAS. Non-binding and confidential document. Cannot be copied, duplicated, printed, or transmitted without the written consent of Solar Euromed SAS.
2
LFR Technology high-level comparison with other Solar
Technologies
Linear Fresnel Reflectors (LFR) CSP technology is the most economical (flat mirrors) and the
most adaptable (flexible production parameters) of all solar technologies
PV
Fresnel

Thermal energy production
Investment cost


Maintenance cost


Production flexibility

Local content


Thermal storage
Land occupancy


Parabolic





The advantages of the LFR CSP technology
Tower
•
The production of solar steam is possible for new installations,
existing plants or for industrial purposes
•
Flat mirrors along with the simplicity of the Fresnel system allows
a considerable reduction of the investment costs compared to the
complexity of the Parabolic Trough curved mirrors and the extra
cost of the Solar Tour systems.
•
The Fresnel reflectors can be cleaned in an automated and lowwater consumption fashion as opposed to Parabolic Trough
technology.
•
Steam parameters can be adapted according to project
requirements whereas other CSP technologies depend on the
Heat Transfer Fluids (HTF) with specific physical characteristics.
•
Linear Fresnel technology offers the lowest land occupancy
compared to other CSP technologies.
•
CSP offers the possibility to store energy by heating a fluid
having high thermal inertia and by storing it in reservoirs for later
reuse.


Source : SOLAR EUROMED
Exclusive property of Solar Euromed SAS. Non-binding and confidential document. Cannot be copied, duplicated, printed, or transmitted without the written consent of Solar Euromed SAS.
3
Linear Fresnel technology has a high cost reduction potential,
mainly linked to innovative technological improvements
Component
Mirrors
Receivers
Heat transfer fluids
Objectives
Target/Action
Short
Mid
Increased lifetime



•
•
Second stage concentration
Optical performance optimization
•
Primary mirror performance and manufacture (material, weight,
optical efficiency)
Target 1: 5% cost reduction
Target 2: 10% cost reduction

•
•
New materials and coatings
New production techniques
Target: temperatures
exceeding 500°C

•
•
Multiple receivers for second stage concentrators
Low emissivity components (insulation, connectors, etc.)
Target 1: 5% cost reduction
•
Superheated direct steam production for increased
thermodynamic cycle efficiency
Target: 10% LCOE reduction
•
•
New molten salt HTF
Innovative and more compact heat storage system
Action: real size prototyping
of innovative ideas (1-5MW)

•
Pressurized CO2 or air
Target: temperatures
exceeding 550°C

Tracking options (improved aiming strategies, reduction of
parasitic losses, reduction of maintenance)
Target: 3% LCOE reduction
Control and
•
Operation strategy


Target 2: 10% cost reduction
Field design and
configuration
•
Hybridization of collector fields with different performance
Action : Increased flexibility
parameters (different materials in different temp. field segments)
Field design and
configuration
•
Combination of CSP and PV (CSPv)
Long



Action : Market deployment


Source : ESTELA
Exclusive property of Solar Euromed SAS. Non-binding and confidential document. Cannot be copied, duplicated, printed, or transmitted without the written consent of Solar Euromed SAS.
4
Thermal storage technologies implementation
Recent Linear Fresnel innovation activities has enabled the implementation of the three main
thermal storage technologies : Ruths storage, Molten Salt, and phase-change materials
Ruths storage
• Storage of highpressure
water/steam in
pressurised vessels
Molten Salt storage
• Sensible heat
storage
Storage in PhaseChange Material
• Modular storage for
sensible heat and
PCM
Source : ESTELA, EU Strategic Energy Roadmap, Internal Studies
Exclusive property of Solar Euromed SAS. Non-binding and confidential document. Cannot be copied, duplicated, printed, or transmitted without the written consent of Solar Euromed SAS.
LFR Technology Local Value Creation
Sourcing, manufacturing and installation activities provides know-how and incremental
employment opportunities to the local countries where CSP plants are installed.
Auxiliaires
EIC
Pressured
Vessels
HTF
© Alstom/Birghtsource
© Areva
Tracking
Thermodyn
amics
Power Block
Receiver
© Solar Euromed
© Saint Gobain
Mirrors
Structures
Solar Boiler
Sourcing & Manufacturing
metal manufacturing and transformation, design and
manufacturing of tanks, and piping for boilers.
Erection and installation works
Civil, erection of steel structures, receiver sections, welding works and Xray, piping and tanks erection and connection, instrument installation.
Source : ESTELA, Internal Studies
Exclusive property of Solar Euromed SAS. Non-binding and confidential document. Cannot be copied, duplicated, printed, or transmitted without the written consent of Solar Euromed SAS.
6
Linear Fresnel technology LCOE reduction curve: achieving grid
parity with fossil fuels with dispatchable energy production
€/W
3,50
€ / MWh
146
150
3,00
113
Cost (per W) and LCOE for a LFR solar thermal
power plant with 6 hours storage in a medium
irradiance region (DNI : 2000 kWh/m²/year)
130
110
2,50
91
90
2,00
75
70
63
1,50
50
1,00
30
0,50
10
-10
0,00
2015
2020
Civil works and assemblies
Solar field and HTF system
2025
2030
Conventional Power Block
2035
Land purchase & Project Development
Source : ESTELA, Internal Studies
Thermal Energy storage (TES) system
LCOE
Exclusive property of Solar Euromed SAS. Non-binding and confidential document. Cannot be copied, duplicated, printed, or transmitted without the written consent of Solar Euromed SAS.
Engineering & Project management
7
Linear Fresnel technology LCOE reduction curve: achieving grid
parity with fossil fuels with dispatchable energy production
LFR CSP Technology Values
 Proven solar CSP technology with large plants in operations
 Commercial available thermal storage systems
 Ideal Integration/hybridization with conventional power plants
and process heat (Industry, oil & gas, ..)
 Dispatchable electricity generation with thermal storage
 Increase competitiveness due to lower CAPEX/LCOE
 Adapted to 'difficult' environment (sand/storm, etc..)
 High share of local content
 Strong technology transfer capabilities
 Lowest land occupancy for solar
 Low water consumption
ENABLERS
Innovation Activities
 Continuous improvement of existing technologies (optical, thermal,
mechanical, process and control)
 Higher temperature solutions:
 Performance: new technology generation with high performance
temperatures, increasing thermodynamic cycle efficiency
 Cost: optimization of technology components for LCOE reduction
 Thermal storage:
 Developing strategic partnerships for synergies, expertise
leverage and cost reduction
 Development of in-house storage capabilities
Commercial Deployment
 Completion of ongoing projects
 Higher focus on existing markets in high DNI regions, mainly
MENA, Southern Europe, India, China, North America and Australia
 Development of new emerging markets with high CSP
implementation potential but low short-term financial capabilities
(Africa, Latin America)
 Leveraging the learning curve for project construction through EPC
expertise development
 Reduced financing risks, thus capital cost, through increased
maturity of technology
Source : ESTELA, Internal Studies
Exclusive property of Solar Euromed SAS. Non-binding and confidential document. Cannot be copied, duplicated, printed, or transmitted without the written consent of Solar Euromed SAS.
8
There are several important challenges faced by the LFR industry
in particular, and CSP in general
LFR Challenges
CSP Challenges
 Track record gap with some other older CSP
technologies Despite promising relative cost and
technological advantages
 Longer execution time than PV plants
 Reduce Perception of risk to enable greater
deployment
 Perceived expensive renewable energy source
 Disseminate TES capabilities
 Dependence on Feed-in Tariffs / PPAs from
public authorities, thus high vulnerability to
countries economic situations
 Increase Local Integration awareness in
commercial tenders
 Volatile fossil fuel prices induce fluctuation in
CSP economic viability
Source : ESTELA, Internal Studies
Exclusive property of Solar Euromed SAS. Non-binding and confidential document. Cannot be copied, duplicated, printed, or transmitted without the written consent of Solar Euromed SAS.
9
Beyond required industrial efforts to improve the technology, key
action plans should be enabled on an international level
Innovative financing
Public financial
guarantees
Feed-in Tarifs
guarantees
 Development of innovative financing schemes for CSP projects taking into account
capital-intensive industry
 Enhanced public financial guarantees for debtraising ease
 Higher feed-in tariff stability and guarantees before commssioning
Clear CSP
implementation plans
 Clear mid-term CSP implementation plans at country or regional levels, leading to a
continuous industry rather than punctual projects, thus contributing to price
reduction
Public RDI Support
program
 Support demonstration of High temperature fresnel with TES as well as Hybrid and
process heat demonstration plants
Source : ESTELA, Internal Studies
Exclusive property of Solar Euromed SAS. Non-binding and confidential document. Cannot be copied, duplicated, printed, or transmitted without the written consent of Solar Euromed SAS.
10
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